CHAPTER 4

SIMPLE 2D PROBLEMS

4.1 PROBLEM SOLVING USING COMMAND FILE &GUI

Method 1: Using Staad Editor (Command prompt)

All input to STAAD Pro is in free-format style. Input data items should be separated
by blank spaces or commas from the other input data items.
For documentation of a STAAD Pro data file, the facility to provide comments is
available. Comments can be included by providing an asterisk (*) mark as the first
non-blank character in any line. The line with the comment is "echoed" in the output
file but not processed by the program.
Sequence of Staad input Command file structure:

1.Type of structure : Plane Space Floor Truss

2.Units used : Length : metre or mm Force: KN or N

3.Joint Coordinates: Node No. X Y Z coordinates

4.Member Incidences: Member No. Connecting node 1, node 2.

5.Member Properties: Cross section size (YD,ZD) Depth, Breadth

6.Constants: E (young’ modulus), Density, Poisson’s ratio etc,

7.Supports: Fixed, hinged or fixed but

8.Loadings: Self weight, Dead Load, Live Load, Wind or Seismic load, Load comb.

9. Analysis:

10.Print Analysis results

11.Run Analysis

PROBLEM :6 SPAN CONTINUOS BEAM WITH VARYING LOADS

New Project  Select  Plane  Length =Meter; Force=KN;
File Name=Continuous beam  Next
Select  Staad Editor  Finish.
Delete the existing content and type the following:
STAAD PLANE CONTINUOUS BEAM WITH VARIOUS LOADS
INPUT WIDTH 72
UNIT METER KNS
JOINT COORTINATES
1 0 0; 2 4 0; 3 8 0; 4 12 0; 5 16 0; 6 20 0; 7 24 0
MEMBER INCIDENCES
1 1 2;2 2 3;3 3 4;4 4 5;5 5 6;6 6 7
MEMBER PROPERTY
1 TO 6 PRIS YD 0.35 ZD 0.25
CONSTANT
E CONC ALL
DENS CONC ALL
POI CONC ALL
SUPPORT
1 FIXED
2 TO 7 FIXED BUT FX MZ
LOAD 1
MEMB LOADS
1 UNI GY -45
2 UNI GY -35 1 3
2 CONC GY –30 1
2 CONC GY -30 3
3 LIN Y 0 0 -60
4 LIN Y 0 -33
5 CMOM GZ 30 2
6 TRAP GY -20 -40
JOINT LOADS
2 4 FY -20
PERFORM ANALYSIS
PRINT ANALYSIS RESULTS
FINISH

After this
Save the File and Run the Program.

From Main Menu  Analysis  Run Analysis  Done. To see the result
Select the member and double click on it  Shear Bending  Close.
Method 2: Using Graphical User Interface (GUI) :
Schematic Representation of STAAD - Graphical

USING GUI Method:

1. Geometry creation:
New Project Select  Plane  Length =meters; Force=KN;
File Name= Continuous Beam 2  Next
Select  Add Beam  Finish.
Click Snap node/Beam  Edit
 X-Y Plane.
Construction Lines:
X Right 6 spacing 4
Y Right 0 spacing 1 OK.
Click (0,0), (4,0), (8,0), (12,0), (16,0) &(24,0). Close Snap node.
Right clickLabels Node Numbers  Node Points  Beam Members OK.
2. Member Properties:
Select the member  From Page Control  General Property Define 
Prismatic  Rectangular YD=0.35 ZD=0.23  Assign  Close.
De select the member.
3.Supports:
Change to Node cursor (joint) and select the nodes (joints).
(If more than one node use CTRL key and select the nodes)  From Page
Control  Support  Create Fixed  Add.
Create  Fixed But  FX  MZ  Add.
Select support 2 in Data area and select the node 1  Assigned to
selected member Assign  Yes.
Select Support 3 in the data area and select the nodes 2 TO 7 Assigned
to selected member Assign Yes Close.
De select the nodes and change to beam cursor.
4. Loads:
From Page control  click Loads & Definitions Click Load Details  Add
Load Case 1 Add  Member Load Uniform Force w1=-45  GY Add
Member Load Uniform Force w1=--35 d1=1 d2=3 Gy Add.
Concentrated Force P=--35 d1=1  GY Add.
Concentrated Force P=--30 d1=3  GY Add.
Linear varying  W3=-60  Y  Add.
Linear varying  W1=0 W2=-60  Y  Add
Con. Moment P=30 d1=2 GZ Add.
TRAPEZOIDAL W1=-20 W2=-40  GYAdd.
Node Concentrated Force FY=-20  Y  Add
Click Load W1=-45 and member No.1  Assign to selected beam Assign  Yes.
Click Load W1=-35 and member No.2   Assign to selected beam  Assign 
Yes.
Click Load F=-35 and member No.2   Assign to selected beam  Assign  Yes.
Click Load F=-30 and member No.2   Assign to selected beam  Assign  Yes.
Click Load W3=-60 and member No.3   Assign to selected beam  Assign 
Yes.
Click Load W1=0 W2=-60 and member No.4   Assign to selected beam 
Assign  Yes.
Click Load F=30 and member No.5   Assign to selected beam  Assign 
Yes.
Click W1=--20 & W2=-40 and Member No.6   Assign to selected beam 
Assign  Yes.
Click P=-->20 and node Nos. 2 &4   Assign to selected beam  Assign
 Yes.  close.
5. Analysis :
From Page Control  Analysis/Print   No print  Add.
6. Post Analysis Print:
From Page Control  Post Analysis Print  Define Commands   Analysis
Results  Add  Close.
Note: Save the File and Run the Program.
7. Analysis:
From Main Menu  ` Analysis  Run Analysis  Done.
8. Result:
Go to Post Processing Mode.
Deflection.
ResultsView valueBeam results  deflectionAnnotate.
Bending moment MZ :
Click Mz icon.
ResultsView valueBeam results 
 Bending moments □ Ends □ Midspan Annotate.
Shear Force FY
Click Fy icon.
ResultsView value Beam Results
 Shear Force □ Ends Annotate.
(Remove other ticks already assigned)
Axial Force FX:
Click FX icon.
Results View value  Beam Results
 Axial Force □ Ends Annotate.
9.Report:
Click Report setup icon Click input from available from left side.
Select sections , Loadings and sent to Right side by clicking > Select output.
From output select Beam end forces, reactions, shear forces, axial forces, Beam
force
detail summary.
To Take picture:
Click take picture icon Enter the title of the sketch. Then Go to report set up.
Select
picture Album. If you want to change the sketch title enter the title in caption.
Adjust
the picture size by adjusting height & width. Select □ Full page.
To export Results in word file:
File  Export Report  MS word file. Click save.

USEFUL STAAD PRO KEY BOARD SHORT CUTS

Ctrl +A Select all entities

Ctrl +C Copy

Ctrl +V Paste

Ctrl +O Open file

Ctrl +S Save

Ctrl +X Cut

Ctrl +N Run structure wizard

Ctrl +Y Redo

Ctrl +Z Undo

Ctrl +0 No outline

Ctrl +1 Section outline

Ctrl +2 Full section

Ctrl +4 3D Rendering
Ctrl +home In plan view to see the loads on member in isomertic view

in a particular level

Ctrl +F5 or F9 Run Analysis

Ctrl +Mouse middle button - Result scaling

Shift + B Switch on beam numbers

Shift + N Show node numbers

Shift + B Switch on beam numbers

Shift + M Show material assigned

Shift + X Display selected sizes (property)

Shift + S Turn on/ off supports

Shift + D Display dimension

Shift + V Display Load value

Shift + Y Floor Load distribution

Note: Never apply Floor Load over Plates.

Shift + F Display floor loading

Shift + W Display Wind load

Shift + O Member Orientation

Shift +T Plate Orientation

Shift + Home Orientation of Beam Position

Shift + P Show Plate Number

Shift + E Beam end display Start-Green End -Blue

F1 Help

F2 Move

F4 To change orientation

F5 To change the syntax of input in the Staad editor

F12 View animation in full screen

.

4.2 SIMPLE PROBLEMS USING INPUT COMMAND

Problem 1.ANALYSIS OF FIXED BEAM

Data:

Span: 4.80M

Beam size: 230 X450mm

Service Load: 27KN/m

Concrete: M20

Steel grade: Fe 415

 27 kN/m

A 4.80 B

Required: To find reaction, BMD and reinforcement.

Starting STAAD Pro:

1.Start> All Programs> Staad Pro v8i>Staad Pro. (OR) Double click on the STAAD
Pro v8i icon on the desktop.

2.Click New Project  Select Plane unit : Length =meters; Force=KN;

File Name=Fixed beam  Next.
3.Select Add beam Finish.
4.Click Staad editor icon. Delete the existing contents and type the input file as
follows:

STAAD PLANE ANALYSIS OF FIXED BEAM

START JOB INFORMATION

ENGINEER DATE 17 NOV-2015

END JOB INFORMATION

INPUT WIDTH 79

UNIT METER KN

JOINT COORDINATES

1 0 0 0; 2 4.80 0 0

MEMBER INCIDENCES

1 1 2

DEFINE MATERIAL START

ISOTROPIC CONC

E CONC ALL
DENSITY CONC ALL

POISSON CONC ALL

END DEFINE MATERIAL

CONSTANTS

MATERIAL CONC MEMB 1

MEMBER PROPERTY INDIAN

1 PRIS YD 0.45 ZD 0.23

SUPPORTS

1 2 FIXED

LOAD 1 TOTAL LOAD

MEMBER LOAD

1 UNI GY -27

LOAD 2 FACTORED LOAD

1 1.5

PERFORM ANALYSIS

LOAD LIST 2

START CONC DESIGN

CODE INDIAN

UNIT MM NEWTON

FC 20 ALL

FYMAIN 415 ALL

FYSEC 415 ALL

CLB 35 ALL

CLT 35 ALL
CLS 35 ALL

DESIGN BEAM 1

CONCRETE TAKEOFF

END CONC DESIGN

LOAD LIST 2

PRINT ANALYSIS RESULTS

FINISH

After this
Save the File and Run the Program.

From Main Menu  Analysis  Run Analysis Done.

Select the member and double click on it  Shear bending  Close.

Result:

BM at Support=51.84 KNm.

BM at Midspan=25.92KNm.
0.23 0.23
2 Nos.16 Ø 2 Nos.16 Ø

1 No. 20 Ø
0.45

0.45

2 Nos.12 Ø 3 Nos.12 Ø

SECTION AT SECTION AT
SUPPORT MID SPAN

Reinforcement at Support: Top 2Nos. 16 dia+1Nos. 20 dia

Bottom: 2Nos. 12 dia.

Reinforcement at Mid span: Top 2 Nos. 16 dia

Bottom: 3 Nos. 12 dia.

Problem 2. BEAM WITH OVERHANGING

Data:
Span 5.0m with left overhanging=1.50m

Beam size: 230x450mm

Concrete M20

Steel grade Fe 415

18 kN/m 21 kN/m

5.00 1.50
A B C

Required:

To find BM and reinforcement

Staad input file:

STAAD PLANE ANALYSIS OF OVERHANGING BEAM

START JOB INFORMATION

ENGINEER DATE 17 NOV-2015

END JOB INFORMATION

INPUT WIDTH 79

UNIT METER KN

JOINT COORTINATES

1 0 0 0;2 5 0 0; 3 6.5 0 0

MEMBER INCIDENCES

1 1 2 ;2 2 3

DEFINE MATERIAL START

ISOTROPIC CONC

E CONC ALL
DENSITY CONC ALL

POISSON CONC ALL

END DEFINE MATERIAL

CONSTANTS

MATERIAL CONC MEMB 1 TO 2

MEMBER PROPERTY INDIAN

1 2 PRIS YD 0.45 ZD 0.23

SUPPORTS

1 2 PINNED

LOAD 1 TOTAL

MEMBER LOAD

1 UNI GY -18

2 UNI GY -21

LOAD COMB 1

1 1.5 2 1.0

LOAD COMB 2

1 1.0 2 1.50

CODE INDIAN

UNIT MM NEWTON

FC 20 ALL

FYMAIN 415 ALL

FYSEC 415 ALL

DESIGN BEAM 1 2

END CONC DESIGN

PRINT ANALYSIS RESULTS

FINISH

After this
Save the File and Run the Program.

From Main Menu  ` Analysis  Run Analysis  Run Analysis  Done.

Select the member and double click on it  Shear bending  Close.

Result:

BM at B=23.625KNm

Max. BM (Mu)=67.586KNm,

Reinforcement:
0.23 0.23
2 Nos.12 Ø 3 Nos.12 Ø
0.45

0.45

1 No 20 Ø

2 Nos.12 Ø 2 Nos.12 Ø

SECTION AT SECTION AT
MID SPAN SUPPORT

At Support: Top 3Nos. 12 dia

Bottom: 2Nos. 12 dia.

At Mid span: Top 2 Nos. 12 dia

Bottom: 2 Nos. 12 dia.+1 No. 20 dia

Problem 3. CANTILEVER BEAM ANALYSIS

Data:

Clear span=3.0m

Total udl=20KN/m
Beam size=300 x 600mm

Concrete M20

Steel Fe 415

15 kN/m

3.00
A B
Required: Design the cantilever beam

Staad input file:

STAAD PLANE ANALYSIS OF CANTILEVER BEAM

START JOB INFORMATION

ENGINEER DATE 17 NOV-2015

END JOB INFORMATION

INPUT WIDTH 79

UNIT METER KN

JOINT COORDINATES

1 0 0 0; 2 3.0 0 0

MEMBER INCIDENCES

112

DEFINE MATERIAL START

ISOTROPIC CONC

E CONC ALL

DENSITY CONC ALL

POISSON CONC ALL

END DEFINE MATERIAL

CONSTANTS

MATERIAL CONC MEMB 1

MEMBER PROPERTY INDIAN

1 PRIS YD 0.6 ZD 0.3

SUPPORTS

1 FIXED

LOAD 1 TOTAL

MEMBER LOAD

1 UNI -20

LOAD COMB 2

1 1.5

LOAD LIST 2

START CONC DESIGN

CODE INDIAN

UNIT MM NEWTON

FC 20 ALL

FYMAIN 415 ALL

FYSEC 415 ALL

DESIGN BEAM 1

CONC TAKE OFF

END CONC DESIGN

PERFORM ANALYSIS
PRINT ANALYSIS RESULTS

FINISH

After this
Save the File and Run the Program.

From Main Menu  ` Analysis  Run Analysis  Run Analysis  Done.

Select the member and double click on it  Shear bending  Close

Result:

Mu at support=135KNm

Reinforcement:
0.23
2 Nos.25 Ø
0.45

2 Nos.12 Ø

SECTION

At support:

2 Nos. 25 dia at top 2 Nos. 12 dia at bottom

Problem 4. PROPPED CANTILEVER BEAM ANALYSIS

Data:

Span:3.80m

Beam size :230 x 380mm

Total udl 20 KN/m

Edge condition: Propped cantilever

Concrete M20

Steel Fe415
 20 kN/m

3.80
A B
Required: To design the section

Analysis:

STAAD PLANE ANALYSIS OF PROPPED CANTILEVER BEAM

START JOB INFORMATION

ENGINEER DATE 17 NOV-2015

END JOB INFORMATION

INPUT WIDTH 79

UNIT METER KN

JOINT COORDINATES

1 0 0 0; 2 3.8 0 0

MEMBER INCIDENCES

112

DEFINE MATERIAL START

ISOTROPIC CONC

E CONC ALL

DENSITY CONC ALL

POISSON CONC ALL

END DEFINE MATERIAL

CONSTANTS

MATERIAL CONC MEMB 1

MEMBER PROPERTY INDIAN

1 PRIS YD 0.38 ZD 0.23

SUPPORTS

1 FIXED 2 PINNED

LOAD 1 TOTAL LOAD

MEMBER LOAD

1 UNI GY -20

LOAD 2 FACTORED LOAD

1 1.5

PERFORM ANALYSIS

LOAD LIST 2

START CONC DESIGN

CODE INDIAN

UNIT MM NEWTON

FC 20 ALL

FYMAIN 415 ALL

FYSEC 415 ALL

CLB 35 ALL

CLT 35 ALL

CLS 35 ALL

DESIGN BEAM 1

CONCRETE TAKEOFF

END CONC DESIGN

LOAD LIST 2
PRINT ANALYSIS RESULTS

FINISH

After this
Save the File and Run the Program.

From Main Menu  ` Analysis  Run Analysis  Run Analysis  Done.

Select the member and double click on it  Shear bending  Close

Result:

BM at Support=54.15 KNm. BM at Midspan=20.30KNm.

Reinforcement at Support: Top 2Nos. 12 dia Bottom: 2Nos. 12 dia.

Reinforcement at Mid span: Top 2 Nos. 12 dia Bottom: 2 Nos. 12 dia.+1No.12

dia.

0.23 0.23
2 Nos.12 Ø 2 Nos.12 Ø

1 Nos.20 Ø
0.38

0.38

1 No 10 Ø

2 Nos.12 Ø 2 Nos.12 Ø

SECTION AT SECTION AT
MID SPAN SUPPORT