BS en 1998-1 Na

NA to BS EN 1998-1:2004
NATIONAL ANNEX
UK National Annex to
Eurocode 8: Design of
structures for
earthquake resistance –
Part 1: General rules, seismic actions
and rules for buildings
ICS 91.120.25
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Publishing and copyright information

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document was last issued.
© BSI 2008
ISBN 978 0 580 55090 4
The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard:

Committee reference B/525/8
Draft for comment 07/30129890DC
Publication history
First published August 2008
Amendments issued since publication
Amd. no. Date Text affected

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NA to BS EN 1998-1:2004
Contents
Introduction 1
NA.1 Scope 1
NA.2 Nationally Determined Parameters 2
NA.3 Decisions on the status of the informative annexes 11
NA.4 References to non-contradictory complementary
information 11
Bibliography 12
List of tables
Table NA.1 – UK values for Nationally Determined Parameters
described in BS EN 1998-1:2004 2
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Summary of pages
This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover,
pages i and ii, pages 1 to 12, an inside back cover and a back cover.

© BSI 2008 • i
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ii • © BSI 2008
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NA to BS EN 1998-1:2004
National Annex (informative) to

BS EN 1998-1:2004, Eurocode 8: Design of
structures for earthquake resistance –
Part 1: General rules, seismic actions and rules
for buildings
Introduction
This National Annex has been prepared by BSI Subcommittee B/525/8,
Structures in seismic regions. In the UK it is to be used in conjunction
with BS EN 1998-1:2004.
NA.1 Scope
This National Annex gives:
a) the UK decisions for the Nationally Determined Parameters
described in the following subclauses of BS EN 1998-1:2004:
2.1(1)P 5.2.2.2(10) 7.1.3(4)

2.1(1)P 5.2.4(1),(3) 7.7.2(4)
3.1.1(4) 5.4.3.5.2(1) 8.3(1)
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3.1.2(1) 5.8.2(3) 9.2.1(1)

3.2.1(1),(2),(3) 5.8.2(4) 9.2.2(1)
3.2.1(4) 5.8.2(5) 9.2.3(1)
3.2.1(5) 5.11.1.3.2(3) 9.2.4(1)
3.2.2.1(4), 3.2.2.2(1)P 5.11.1.4 9.3(2)
3.2.2.3(1)P 5.11.1.5(2) 9.3(2)
3.2.2.5(4)P 5.11.3.4(7)e) 9.3(3)
4.2.3.2(8) 6.1.2(1) 9.3(4), Table 9.1
4.2.4(2)P 6.1.3(1) 9.3(4), Table 9.1
4.2.5(5)P 6.2(3) 9.5.1(5)
4.3.3.1(4) 6.2(7) 9.6(3)
4.3.3.1(8) 6.5.5(7) 9.7.2(1)
4.4.2.5(2) 6.7.4(2) 9.7.2(2)b)
4.4.3.2(2) 7.1.2(1) 9.7.2(2)c)
5.2.1(5) 7.1.3(1),(3) 9.7.2(5)
10.3(2)P
b) the UK decisions on the status of BS EN 1998-1:2004 informative
annexes; and
c) references to non-contradictory complementary information.

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NA.2 Nationally Determined Parameters

2 • © BSI 2008
NA to BS EN 1998-1:2004
UK decisions for the Nationally Determined Parameters described in
BS EN 1998-1:2004 are given in Table NA.1.
Table NA.1 UK values for Nationally Determined Parameters described in BS EN 1998-1:2004

Subclause Nationally Determined Parameter Eurocode recommendation UK decision
2.1(1)P Reference return period TNCR of seismic action TNCR =475 years In the absence of a project-specific assessment,
for the no-collapse requirement (or, equivalently, PNCR =10% adopt a return period TNCR of 2 500 years. Further
reference probability of exceedance guidance is given in PD 6698.
in 50 years, PNCR).
2.1(1)P Reference return period TDLR of seismic action TDLR =95 years In the absence of a project-specific assessment,
for the damage limitation requirement (or, PDLR =10% adopt the recommended values.
equivalently, reference probability of exceedance Further guidance is given in PD 6698.
in 10 years, PDLR).
3.1.1(4) Conditions under which ground investigations [None] The need for additional ground investigations
additional to those necessary for design for should be established on a site-specific basis.
non-seismic actions may be omitted and default Further guidance is given in PD 6698.
ground classification may be used.
3.1.2(1) Ground classification scheme accounting for deep [None] There is no requirement to account for deep
geology, including values of parameters S, TB, TC geology.
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and TD defining horizontal and vertical elastic Further guidance is given in PD 6698.
response spectra in accordance with
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BS EN 1998-1:2004, 3.2.2.2 and 3.2.2.3.

3.2.1(1),(2),(3) Seismic zone maps and reference ground [None] In the absence of a project-specific assessment,
accelerations therein. adopt the reference ground accelerations for a
return period TNCR of 2 500 years given by the
seismic contour map in PD 6698.
3.2.1(4) Governing parameter (identification and value) agu0,78m/s2 or agSu0,98m/s2 ag u 2m/s2 (for TNCR =2 500 years)
for threshold of low seismicity.
3.2.1(5) Governing parameter (identification and value) agu0,39m/s2 or agSu0,49m/s2 ag u 1.8 m/s2 (for TNCR =2 500 years)
for threshold of very low seismicity.
Table NA.1 UK values for Nationally Determined Parameters described in BS EN 1998-1:2004 (continued)
3.2.2.1(4), Parameters S, TB, TC, TD defining shape of In the absence of deep geology effects, and for Type In the absence of site-specific information, the
3.2.2.2(1)P horizontal elastic response spectra. 1 spectra (where earthquakes that contribute most recommended values for Type 2 earthquakes may
to the seismic hazard defined for the site for the be used, but see also PD 6698.
purpose of probabilistic hazard assessment have a
surface-wave magnitude, Ms, greater than 5,5):
Ground type S TB (s) TC (s) TD (s)
A 1,0 0,15 0,4 2,0
B 1,2 0,15 0,5 2,0
C 1,15 0,20 0,6 2,0
D 1,35 0,20 0,8 2,0
E 1,4 0,15 0,5 2,0
In the absence of deep geology effects, and for
Type 2 spectra (where earthquakes that contribute
most to the seismic hazard defined for the site for
the purpose of probabilistic hazard assessment have
a surface-wave magnitude, Ms, less than 5,5):

Ground type S TB (s) TC (s) TD (s)
A 1,0 0,05 0,25 1,2
B 1,35 0,05 0,25 1,2
C 1,5 0,10 0,25 1,2
D 1,8 0,10 0,30 1,2
E 1,6 0,05 0,25 1,2
NA to BS EN 1998-1:2004
3.2.2.3(1)P Parameters avg, TB, TC, TD defining shape of Spectrum avg/ag TB (s) TC (s) TD (s) In the absence of site-specific information, the
vertical elastic response spectra. Type 1 0,90 0,05 0,15 1,0 recommended values for Type 2 earthquakes may
be used, but see also PD 6698.
Type 2 0,45 0,05 0,15 1,0
3.2.2.5(4)P Lower bound factor β on design spectral values. 0,2 Use the recommended value.
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4.2.3.2(8) Reference to definitions of centre of stiffness [None] Any appropriate method may be used.
and of torsional radius in multi-storey buildings Further guidance is given in PD 6698.
meeting or not conditions (a) and (b) of
BS EN 1998-1:2004, 4.2.3.2(8).
4.2.4(2)P Ratio ϕ of coefficient ψEi on variable mass Type of variable Storey Î Use the recommended values. Storeys occupied by
used in seismic analysis to combination coefficient action different tenants may be considered as
ψ2i for quasi permanent values of variable actions. independently occupied.
Categories A–C* Roof 1,0

Storeys with 0,8
correlated
occupancies
Independently 0,5
occupied storeys
Categories D–F* 1,0
and Archives
* Categories as defined in BS EN 1991-1-1:2002.
4.2.5(5)P Importance factor γI for buildings. Class I: γI =0,8 Where a value for the reference return
Class III: γI =1,2 period TNCR of 2 500 years has been adopted
Class IV: γI =1,4 for CC3 structures, γI=1 should be assumed.
Where TNCR has been assessed on a
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project-specific basis, γI should also be chosen

on a project-specific basis. Further guidance is
given in PD 6698.
4.3.3.1(4) Decision on whether nonlinear methods of analysis [None] No supplementary advice.
may be applied for the design of non-base-isolated
buildings. Reference to information on member
deformation capacities and the associated partial
factors for the Ultimate Limit State for design or
evaluation on the basis of nonlinear analysis
methods.
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4.3.3.1(8) Threshold value of importance factor, γI, relating to [None] 3D (spatial) analysis models are recommended for
the permitted use of analysis with two planar all consequence class CC3 buildings.
models.
4.4.2.5(2) Overstrength factor γRd for diaphragms. For brittle failure modes, such as shear, γRd =1,3. Use the recommended values.
For ductile failure modes, γRd =1,1.
4.4.3.2(2) Reduction factor ν for displacements at damage Class I & II: É =0,4 In consequence class CC3 buildings, storey drifts
limitation limit state. Class III & IV: É =0,5 should be checked against the specified limits
using the recommended values of reduction factor
ν.
5.2.1(5) Geographical limitations on use of ductility classes [None] There are no geographical limitations.
for concrete buildings.
5.2.2.2(10) qo-value for concrete buildings subjected to special Adjustment to qo-value is a factor in the An adjustment factor of up to 1,2 on qo is
Quality System Plan. range 1 to 1,2, with no recommended value permitted if a formal quality plan is applied to the
within this range. design, procurement and construction. The design
quality plan should include a peer review of the
seismic design and the construction quality plan

should include special inspection measures for the
critical (dissipative) regions.
5.2.4(1), (3) Material partial factors for concrete buildings in Use the γc and γs values for the persistent and Use the recommended values.
the seismic design situation. transient design situations.
5.4.3.5.2(1) Minimum web reinforcement of large lightly The minimum value for walls given in Use the recommended values.
reinforced concrete walls. BS EN 1992-1-1:2002 and its National Annex.
5.8.2(3) Minimum cross-sectional width bw, min and Buildings up to 3 storeys: Use the recommended values.
depth hw, min of concrete foundation beams. bw, min=0,25m
hw, min=0,4m
NA to BS EN 1998-1:2004
Buildings with 4 or more storeys:
bw, min=0,25m
hw, min=0,5m
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5.8.2(4) Minimum thickness t min and reinforcement ratio t min = 0,2m Use the recommended values.
ρs, min of concrete foundation slabs. ρs, min= 0,2%
5.8.2(5) Minimum reinforcement ratio ρb, min of concrete ρb, min= 0,4% ρb, min= 0,2% in top face and 0,2% in bottom face.
foundation beams.
5.11.1.3.2(3) Ductility class of precast wall panel systems. DCM Use the recommended value.
5.11.1.4 Factor kp on q-factors of precast systems. kp = 1,0 for structures with connections Use the recommended values.
conforming to BS EN 1998-1:2004, 5.11.2.1.1,
5.11.2.1.2, or 5.11.2.1.3
kp = 0,5 for structures with other types of
connection
5.11.1.5(2) Ratio Ap of transient seismic action assumed during Ap = 0,3 unless otherwise specified by special In the absence of a site-specific assessment, use the
erection of precast structures to design seismic studies recommended value.
action defined in BS EN 1998-1:2004, Section 3.
5.11.3.4(7)e) Minimum longitudinal steel ρc, min in grouted ρc, min =1% Use the recommended value.
connections.
6.1.2(1) Upper limit of q for low-dissipative structural 1,5 2
behaviour concept. Further guidance is given in PD 6698.

Limitations on structural behaviour concept. [None] No limitations on structural behaviour concept.
Further guidance is given in PD 6698.
Geographical limitations on use of ductility classes [None] No geographical limitations. Further guidance is
for steel buildings. given in PD 6698.
6.1.3(1) Material partial factors for steel buildings in the Use the γs values for the persistent and transient Use the recommended values.
seismic design situation. design situations.
6.2(3) Overstrength factor for capacity design of steel γov = 1,25 Use the recommended value.
buildings.
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6.2(7) Information as to how BS EN 1993-1-10:2005 – [None] The fracture toughness and through thickness
selection of steel for fracture toughness and properties of the steel should be selected on a
through thickness properties – may be used in the project-specific basis. Further guidance is given
seismic design situation. in PD 6698.
6.5.5(7) Reference to complementary rules on acceptable [None] Complementary rules for connection design may be
connection design. developed on a project-specific basis. Further
guidance is given in PD 6698.
6.7.4(2) Residual post-buckling resistance of compression γpb = 0,3 γpb = γpb* Nb,Rd (λbar)/ Npl,Rd
diagonals in steel frames with V-bracings. (γpb* times design buckling resistance over plastic
resistance)
γpb* = 0,7 for qu2
= 0,3 for qW5
For 2uqu5, γpb* = 0,3 may be assumed or refer
to PD 6698.
7.1.2(1) Upper limit of q for low-dissipative structural 1,5 2
behaviour concept.
Limitations on structural behaviour concept. [None] No limitations on structural behaviour concept.
Geographical limitations on use of ductility classes [None] No geographical limitations.
for composite steel-concrete buildings.
7.1.3(1),(3) Material partial factors for composite steel- Use the γs values for the persistent and transient Use the recommended values.
concrete buildings in the seismic design situation. design situations.
7.1.3(4) Overstrength factor for capacity design of γov = 1,25 Use the recommended value.
composite steel-concrete buildings.
NA to BS EN 1998-1:2004
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NA to BS EN 1998-1:2004
7.7.2(4) Stiffness reduction factor for concrete part of a r=0,5 In the absence of special studies, use the
composite steel-concrete column section. recommended value.
8.3(1) Geographical limits on ductility class for timber [None] No geographical limits.
buildings.
9.2.1(1) Type of masonry units with sufficient robustness. [None] Any type of masonry unit listed in
BS EN 1996-1-1:2005, Table 3.1, is acceptable.
9.2.2(1) Minimum strength of masonry units. fb,min = 5N/mm2 (normal to bedface) Use the minimum values given in
fbh,min = 2N/mm2 (parallel to bedface) BS EN 1996-1-1:2005.
9.2.3(1) Minimum strength of mortar in masonry buildings. fm,min = 5N/mm2 (unreinforced or confined Use the minimum values given in
masonry) BS EN 1996-1-1:2005.
fm,min = 10N/mm2 (reinforced masonry)
9.2.4(1) Alternative classes for perpend joints in masonry. [None] Perpend joints fully grouted with mortar or
ungrouted joints with mechanical interlocking
between masonry units may be used. Ungrouted
joints without mechanical interlock may only be
used subject to appropriate validation.
9.3(2) Conditions for use of unreinforced masonry [None] There are no restrictions on the use of unreinforced
satisfying provisions of BS EN 1996-1:2005 alone. masonry that follows the provisions of
BS EN 1996-1:2005 alone.
9.3(2) Minimum effective thickness tef,min of unreinforced tef,min = 240 mm tef,min = 170 mm
masonry walls satisfying provisions of tef,min = 170 mm in cases of low seismicity
BS EN 1996-1:2005 alone.
9.3(3) Maximum value of ground acceleration ag,urm for ag,urm = 0,2 g ag,urm = 0,25 g
the use of unreinforced masonry satisfying
provisions of BS EN1998-1.
9.3(4), Table q-factor values in masonry buildings. Unreinforced masonry in Unreinforced masonry in
9.1 accordance with BS EN 1998-1: q = 1,5 accordance with BS EN 1998-1: q = 2,0
Confined masonry: q = 2,0 Confined masonry: q = 2,5
Reinforced masonry: q = 2,5 Reinforced masonry: q = 3,0
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9.3(4), Table q-factors for buildings with masonry systems which [None] Enhanced values need to be justified on a
9.1 provide enhanced ductility. case-by-case basis.
9.5.1(5) Geometric requirements for masonry shear walls. Masonry type tef,min (hef /tef)max (l/h)min Use the recommended values.
(mm)
Unreinforced, with 350 9 0,5
natural stone units
any other type of
units
any other type of
units, in cases of low
seismicity
Confined masonry 240 15 0,3
Reinforced masonry 240 15 No

restriction
Symbols used have the following meaning:
tef thickness of the wall (see
BS EN 1996-1-1:2005);
hef effective height of the wall (see
BS EN 1996 1-1:2005);
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h greater clear height of the openings adjacent

to the wall;
l length of the wall.
NA to BS EN 1998-1:2004
9.6(3) Material partial factors in masonry buildings in the γm = 2/3 of value specified in National Annex Use the recommended values.
seismic design situation. to BS EN 1996-1-1:2005, but not less than 1,5
γs = 1,0
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9.7.2(1) Maximum number of storeys and minimum area of Acceleration at site u0,07 u0,10 u0,15 u0,20 Use the recommended values, unless justified on a
shear walls of “simple masonry building”. ag.S k ⋅g k ⋅g k ⋅g k ⋅g project-specific basis.Further guidance is given
in PD 6698.
Type of Number Minimum sum of
construction of cross-sections areas of
storeys horizontal shear walls in
(n)** each direction, as
percentage of the total
floor area per storey
(pA,min)
Unreinforced 1 2,0% 2,0% 3,5% n/a
masonry 2 2,0% 2,5% 5,0% n/a
3 3,0% 5,0% n/a n/a
4 5,0% n/a* n/a n/a
Confined 2 2,0% 2,5% 3,0% 3,5%
masonry 3 2,0% 3,0% 4,0% n/a
4 4,0% 5,0% n/a n/a
5 6,0% n/a n/a n/a

Reinforced 2 2,0% 2,0% 2,0% 3,5%
masonry 3 2,0% 2,0% 3,0% 5,0%
4 3,0% 4,0% 5,0% n/a
5 4,0% 5,0% n/a n/a
* n/a means “not acceptable”.
** Roof space above full storeys is not included in
the number of storeys.
9.7.2(2)b) Minimum aspect ratio in plan λmin of “simple λmin = 0,25 Use the recommended value.
masonry buildings”.
9.7.2(2)c) Maximum floor area of recesses in plan for “simple pmax = 15% Use the recommended value.
masonry buildings”, expressed as a percentage pmax
of the total floor plan area above the level
considered.
9.7.2(5) Maximum difference in mass Δm, max and wall Δm, max = 20% Use the recommended values.
area ΔA, max between adjacent storeys of “simple ΔA, max = 20%
masonry buildings”.
10.3(2)P Magnification factor γx on seismic displacements for γx = 1,2 for buildings γx = 1,5 for buildings
isolation devices.
NA to BS EN 1998-1:2004
NA.3 Decisions on the status of the

informative annexes
NA.3.1 Elastic displacement response spectrum
[BS EN 1998-1:2004, Annex A]
BS EN 1998-1:2004 informative Annex A should not be used in the UK.
NA.3.2 Determination of the target displacement for

nonlinear static (pushover) analysis
[BS EN 1998-1:2004, Annex B]
BS EN 1998-1:2004 informative Annex B may be used in the UK as an
informative annex. Further guidance is given in PD 6698.
NA.4 References to non-contradictory

complementary information
The following is a list of references that contain non-contradictory
complementary information for use with BS EN 1998-1:2004.
• PD 6698:2008, Background paper to the UK National Annexes
to BS EN 1998-1, BS EN 1998-2, BS EN 1998-4, BS EN 1998-5
and BS EN 1998-6;
• Manual for the seismic design of steel and concrete buildings
to Eurocode 8. Institution of Structural Engineers, London. In
draft; publication expected 2008.
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Bibliography
Standards publications
BS EN 1993-1-10:2005, Eurocode 3 – Design of steel structures –
Part 1-10: Material toughness and through-thickness properties
BS EN 1996-1-1:2005, Eurocode 6 – Design of masonry structures –
Part 1-1: General rules for reinforced and unreinforced masonry
structures
BS EN 1998-1:2004, Eurocode 8 – Design of structures for
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earthquake resistance – Part 1: General rules, seismic actions and
rules for buildings
PD 6698:2008, Background paper to the UK National Annexes
to BS EN 1998-1, BS EN 1998-2, BS EN 1998-4, BS EN 1998-5 and
BS EN 1998-6
Other publications
[1] Institution of Structural Engineers: Manual for the seismic design
of steel and concrete buildings to Eurocode 8, London: publication
expected 2008.
12 • © BSI 2008
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BS en 1998-1 Na

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NA to BS EN 1998-1:2004

NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW

Publishing and copyright information

ISBN 978 0 580 55090 4

The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard:

Amendments issued since publication

Amd. no. Date Text affected

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National Annex (informative) to

2.1(1)P 5.2.2.2(10) 7.1.3(4)

3.1.2(1) 5.8.2(3) 9.2.1(1)

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NA.2 Nationally Determined Parameters

Table NA.1 UK values for Nationally Determined Parameters described in BS EN 1998-1:2004

BS EN 1998-1:2004, 3.2.2.2 and 3.2.2.3.

a surface-wave magnitude, Ms, less than 5,5):

Categories A–C* Roof 1,0

project-specific basis, γI should also be chosen

seismic design and the construction quality plan

behaviour concept. Further guidance is given in PD 6698.

Reinforced masonry 240 15 No

h greater clear height of the openings adjacent

5 6,0% n/a n/a n/a

NA.3 Decisions on the status of the

NA.3.2 Determination of the target displacement for

NA.4 References to non-contradictory

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BSI – British Standards Institution

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