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    15 Momentum Conservation

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    eltytan
    1. The document presents several problems involving momentum and impulse-momentum change calculations for collisions between objects with given masses and velocities. 2. Key concepts covered include conservation of momentum, calculating recoil velocities, and determining velocities after objects stick together upon collision. 3. Equations for momentum and impulse are provided and used to solve for unknown values like velocities and masses.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    15 Momentum Conservation

    Uploaded by

    eltytan
    375 views4 pages
    1. The document presents several problems involving momentum and impulse-momentum change calculations for collisions between objects with given masses and velocities. 2. Key concepts covered include conservation of momentum, calculating recoil velocities, and determining velocities after objects stick together upon collision. 3. Equations for momentum and impulse are provided and used to solve for unknown values like velocities and masses.

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    Physics Worksheet

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    1. The document presents several problems involving momentum and impulse-momentum change calculations for collisions between objects with given masses and velocities. 2. Key concepts covered include conservation of momentum, calculating recoil velocities, and determining velocities after objects stick together upon collision. 3. Equations for momentum and impulse are provided and used to solve for unknown values like velocities and masses.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    375 views4 pages

    15 Momentum Conservation

    Uploaded by

    eltytan
    1. The document presents several problems involving momentum and impulse-momentum change calculations for collisions between objects with given masses and velocities. 2. Key concepts covered include conservation of momentum, calculating recoil velocities, and determining velocities after objects stick together upon collision. 3. Equations for momentum and impulse are provided and used to solve for unknown values like velocities and masses.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 4
    At a glance
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    The passage discusses momentum, its conservation in collisions, and how to use the law of conservation of momentum to solve problems involving collisions between objects.

    Momentum is the product of an object's mass and velocity. The total momentum of a system is conserved during collisions - the momentum before a collision equals the momentum after. If objects stick together, their combined momentum can be calculated.

    To calculate the momentum of an object, you multiply its mass (in kg) by its velocity (in m/s). Momentum has both magnitude and direction, and its SI units are kg⋅m/s.

    Name: Period:

    Momentum-Conservation
    1. A 1.2-kilogram block and a 1.8-kilogram block are 4. Ball A of mass 5.0 kilograms moving at 20 meters per
    initially at rest on a frictionless, horizontal surface. second collides with ball B of unknown mass moving
    When a compressed spring between the blocks is re- at 10 meters per second in the same direction. After
    leased, the 1.8-kilogram block moves to the right at the collision, ball A moves at 10 meters per second
    2.0 meters per second, as shown. and ball B at 15 meters per second, both still in the
    same direction. What is the mass of ball B?
    1. 6.0 kg
    2. 2.0 kg
    3. 10 kg
    4. 12 kg

    5. In the diagram below, scaled vectors represent the


    What is the speed of the 1.2-kilogram block after momentum of each of two masses, A and B, slid-
    the spring is released? ing toward each other on a frictionless, horizontal
    1. 1.4 m/s surface.
    2. 2.0 m/s
    3. 3.0 m/s
    4. 3.6 m/s
    Which scaled vector best represents the momentum
    Base your answers to questions 2 and 3 on the informa- of the system after the masses collide?
    tion below.

    An 8.00-kilogram ball is fired horizontally from a 1.00


    × 103-kilogram cannon initially at rest. After hav-
    ing been fired, the momentum of the ball is 2.40 × 103
    kilogram∙meters per second east. [Neglect friction.] 6. At the circus, a 100-kilogram clown
    is fired 15 meters per second from a
    2. Calculate the magnitude of the cannon’s velocity 500-kilogram cannon. What is the
    after the ball is fired. [Show all work, including the recoil speed of the cannon?
    equation and substitution with units.] 1. 75 m/s
    2. 15 m/s
    3. 3.0 m/s
    4. 5.0 m/s

    7. A woman with horizontal velocity v1 jumps off a dock


    into a stationary boat. After landing in the boat, the
    woman and the boat move with velocity v2. Com-
    pared to velocity v1, velocity v2 has
    1. the same magnitude and the same direction
    2. the same magnitude and the opposite direction
    3. smaller magnitude and the same direction
    4. larger magnitude and the same direction

    3. Identify the direction of the cannon’s velocity after


    the ball is fired.

    APlusPhysics: Momentum-Conservation MOM.B1 Page 75


    Name: Period:

    Momentum-Conservation
    8. On a snow-covered road, a car with a mass of 1.1×103 11. Which two quantities can be expressed using the
    kilograms collides head-on with a van having a mass of same units?
    2.5×103 kilograms traveling at 8.0 meters per second. 1. energy and force
    As a result of the collision, the vehicles lock together 2. impulse and force
    and immediately come to rest. Calculate the speed 3. momentum and energy
    of the car immediately before the collision. [Neglect 4. impulse and momentum
    friction.] [Show all work, including the equation and
    substitution with units.] 12. A 3.1-kilogram gun initially at rest is free to move.
    When a 0.015-kilogram bullet leaves the gun with a
    speed of 500 meters per second, what is the speed of
    the gun?
    1. 0.0 m/s
    2. 2.4 m/s
    3. 7.5 m/s
    4. 500 m/s

    Base your answers to questions 13 and 14 on the infor-


    mation below. Show all work, including the equation
    and substitution with units.
    9. A 3.0-kilogram steel block is at rest on a frictionless
    horizontal surface. A 1.0-kilogram lump of clay is A 1200-kilogram car moving at 12 meters per second
    propelled horizontally at 6.0 meters per second to- collides with a 2300-kilogram car that is waiting at rest
    ward the block as shown in the diagram below. at a traffic light. After the collision, the cars lock togeth-
    er and slide. Eventually, the combined cars are brought to
    rest by a force of kinetic friction as the rubber tires slide
    across the dry, level asphalt road surface.

    13. Calculate the speed of the locked-together cars im-


    mediately after the collision.

    Upon collision, the clay and steel block stick together


    and move to the right with a speed of
    1. 1.5 m/s
    2. 2.0 m/s
    3. 3.0 m/s
    4. 6.0 m/s

    10. A 1.0-kilogram laboratory cart moving with a veloc-


    ity of 0.50 meter per second due east collides with and 14. Calculate the magnitude of the frictional force that
    sticks to a similar cart initially at rest. After the colli- brings the locked-together cars to rest.
    sion, the two carts move off together with a velocity of
    0.25 meter per second due east. The total momentum
    of this frictionless system is
    1. zero before the collision
    2. zero after the collision
    3. the same before and after the collision
    4. greater before the collision than after the colli-
    sion.

    Page 76 MOM.B1 APlusPhysics: Momentum-Conservation


    Name: Period:

    Momentum-Conservation
    15. The diagram below represents two masses before and after they collide. Before the collision, mass mA is moving
    to the right with speed v, and mass mB is at rest. Upon collision, the two masses stick together.

    Which expression represents the speed, v’, of the masses after the collision? [Assume no outside forces are acting
    on mA or mB.]

    16. In the diagram below, a block of mass M initially at rest on a frictionless horizontal surface is struck by a bullet
    of mass m moving with a horizontal velocity v.

    What is the velocity of the bullet-block system after the bullet embeds itself in the block?

    17. When a 1.0-kilogram cart moving with a speed of 18. The diagram below shows an 8.0-kilogram cart
    0.50 meter per second on a horizontal surface col- moving to the right at 4.0 meters per second about
    lides with a second 1.0-kilogram cart initially at rest, to make a head-on collision with a 4.0-kilogram cart
    the carts lock together. What is the speed of the moving to the left at 6.0 meters per second.
    combined carts after the collision? [Neglect friction.]
    1. 1.0 m/s
    2. 0.50 m/s
    3. 0.25 m/s
    4. 0 m/s
    After the collision, the 4.0-kilogram cart moves to the
    right at 3.0 meters per second. What is the velocity of
    the 8.0-kilogram cart after the collision?
    1. 0.50 m/s left
    2. 0.50 m/s right
    3. 5.5 m/s left
    4. 5.5 m/s right

    APlusPhysics: Momentum-Conservation MOM.B1 Page 77


    Name: Period:

    Momentum-Conservation
    19. A 7.28-kilogram bowling ball traveling 8.50 meters
    per second east collides head-on with a 5.45-kilo-
    gram bowling ball traveling 10.0 meters per second
    west. Determine the magnitude of the total momen-
    tum of the two-ball system after the collision.

    Page 78 MOM.B1 APlusPhysics: Momentum-Conservation

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