DESIGN OF TWO WAY SLABS :

Long Span Lx = 4.0

Short Span Ly = 3.0
Aspect Ratio, Ly/Lx = 1.3333 < 2
The slab is Two-Way Reinforcement
For Deflection,
3 X 1000 (I.S:456-1978)
D =
40 X 0.8 (Clause 23.1)
= 93.75 mm
Keep Overall Depth of the Slab
D= 100 mm

LOADS AND BENDING MOMENT:

1 Self Weight = 0.1 X 1.0 X 2.5 = 0.25 T/Mt2

Live Load = 0.2 X 1.0 = 0.20 T/Mt2
Superimposed Dead Load = 0.15 X 1.0 = 0.15 T/Mt2
TOTAL, W = 0.60 T/Mt2

Mx = α x . W . Lx2 and
My = αy . W . Lx 2

For Ly/Lx = 1.3333 (Table 22, Clause C-1.1)

(IS:456-1978)
αx = 0.0772 (At Continuous Edge)
αx = 0.0579 (At Mid - Span)
αy = 0.0430 (At Mid - Span in Long Direction)

BENDING MOMENT:

1 At Continuous Edge, Mx = 0.0772 X 0.60 X 3.0 X 3.0

= 0.41688 T-Mt

2 At Mid-Span in Short Mx = 0.0579 X 0.60 X 3.0 X 3.0

Direction
= 0.31266 T-Mt

3 At Mid-Span in Long Mx = 0.0430 X 0.60 X 3.0 X 3.0

Direction
= 0.2322 T-Mt

STEEL:

At Continuous Edge, Md = 1.5 X 0.42 X 10.0

= 6.2532 KN-Mt
Using 8 mm dia Bars and 15 mm Cover
8
d = 100 - - 15 = 81 mm
 d = 100 - - 15 = 81 mm
2
b= 1000 mm
Ast = 0.5 X 15
X ( 1 - Sqrt( 1 -
415
= 232.371 > Ast, Min

Check for Minimum reinforcement : (IS:456-1978)

(Clause 25.5.2.1)
0.12
Ast, Min X b X D
100

0.12
Ast, Min X 1000 X 100
100
= 120.0 mm2 < 232 mm2 O.K.
Ast = 232 mm2

Using 8 mm dia Bars Ast = 50.262 mm2

50.262
Spacing = 1000 X = 217
232
or Say 210 mm

Check for Maximum Spacing:

Sv, Max = 3 d or 450 mm ( IS:456-1978)

= 3 X 81 (Clause 25.3.2(b)(1))
= 243 mm > 210 mm
Provide 8 mm dia Bars @ 210 mm C/C

50.262
Ast, Provided = 1000 X = 239 mm2
210

STEEL: At Mid - Span in Short Direction

Md = 1.5 X 0.31 X 10.0

= 4.6899 KN-Mt
Using 8 mm dia Bars and 15 mm Cover
8
d = 100 - - 15 = 81 mm
2
b = 1000 mm
Ast = 0.5 X 15
X ( 1 - Sqrt( 1 -
415
= 170.359 > Ast, Min = 120 mm2

Using 8 mm dia Bars Ast = 50.262 mm2

 50.262
Spacing = 1000 X = 295
170
or Say 210 mm < 3d and 450 mm
Provide 8 mm dia Bars @ 210 mm C/C

STEEL: At Mid - Span in Long Direction

8 8
dy = 81 - - = 73 mm
2 2
Md = 1.5 X 0.23 X 10.0
= 3.483 KN-Mt
Ast = 0.5 X 15
X ( 1 - Sqrt( 1 -
415
= 139.474 > Ast, Min = 120 mm2

Using 8 mm dia Bars Ast = 50.262 mm2

50.262
Spacing = 1000 X = 360
139
or Say 360 mm C/C

Sv, Max = 3 d or 450 mm ( IS:456-1978)

= 3 X 73 (Clause 25.3.2(b)(1))
= 219 mm
or Say 210 mm C/C
Provide 8 mm dia Bars @ 210 mm C/C

50.262
Ast, Provided = 1000 X = 239 mm2
210
= 239 mm2 > 140 mm2 O.K.
 4.6 X 6.2532 X 1.00E+06
) X 1000 X 81
15 X 1000 X 6.56E+03

4.6 X 4.6899 X 1.00E+06

) X 1000 X 81
15 X 1000 X 6.56E+03
mm2 O.K
 4.6 X 3.48 X 1.00E+06
) X 1000 X 73
15 X 1000 X 5.33E+03
mm2 O.K

2.00E-01

8E-01 9E-01 5329

1E-01
139.4736
DESIGN OF COLUMNS:
Design of Column C2 : From Plinth to Roof:
Default Size : 230 X 230
LUS = Unsupported Length (Clause 24.1.3)
(I.S:456-1978)
= 3X 1000 - 450
2550 mm
Effective Length Le = 0.85 X 3000
2550
Minimum Eccentricity not less than 20 mm
= 2550 230 (Clause 24.1.3)
+
500 30 (I.S:456-1978)
= 12.76667 < 20 mm
emin = 20 mm
emin, Permitted = 0.05 X 230
11.5 mm < 20 mm
Moments needs to be considered.
Axial Working Load = Reactions from beams B1, B2 and B6 at Roof Level
2.23 + 2.23 + 2.77
7.23 T
Ultimate Axial Load,
Pu = 1.5 X 7.23 X 10
108.45 KN
Mux = 108.45 X 0.02 = 2.169 KN.mt = 0.221101 T.mt
Muy = 108.45 X 0.02 = 2.169 KN.mt = 0.221101 T.mt
Check for Slenderness of Column,
Lex Ley 2550
= = = 11.08696 < 12
b D 230
Hence, the Column is Short and the Slenderness Moments need not be Considered. (Clause 24.1.3)

Auuming p= 0.8 % (Clause 25.5.3.1)

p 0.8
= = 0.053333
fck 15
Uniaxial Moment Capacity of Section about X-X Axix,
Using 12 mm ø bars and 40 mm Cover,
d' = 40 12 = 46 mm
2
D = 230 mm
d' 46
= = 0.2
D 230
Total Load = 3.571 + 3.571 + 5.11 + 7.23
= 19.482 T
Ultimate Axial Load,
Pu = 1.5 X 19.482 X 10
= 292.23 KN
Check for Slenderness of Columns:
Lex Ley 2125
= = = 9.23913 < 12
 = = = 9.23913 < 12
b D 230
Hence, the Column is Short and the Slenderness Moments need not be Considered. (Clause 24.1.3)

Auuming p= 0.8 % (Clause 25.5.3.1)

p 0.8
= = 0.053333
fck 15
Uniaxial Moment Capacity of Section about X-X Axix,
Using 12 mm ø bars and 40 mm Cover,
12
d' = 40 = 46 mm
2
D = 230 mm
d' 46
= = 0.2
D 230
Pu 292.23 X 1000
=
fck.b.D 15 X 230 X 230
= 0.36828

Pu 108.45 X 1000
=
fck.b.D 15 X 230 X 230
= 0.136673
Mu
=
fck.b.D2 0.09

MuX1 = 0.09 X 15 X 230 X 230

1000000
= 16.42545 KN-Mt (SP 16/ Chart 46)
MuY1 = 0.09 X 15 X 230 X 230
1000000
= 16.42545 KN-Mt (SP 16/ Chart 46)
Calculation of PuZ:
PuZ
= 8.5 N/mm2 (SP 16/ Chart 46)
Ag
PuZ 8.5 X 230 X 230
=
1000
= 449.65 KN
Pu 108.45
= = 0.241188
PuZ 449.65
By Interpolation (Clause 38.6)
αn = 1.033

(Clause 38.6)

= 0.247034 < 1.0 Safe

Asc = 0.8 X 230 X 230

 100
= 423.2 mm2
Using 12 mm φ bars, Aφ = 113.0904 mm2

No. of 12 mm φ bars = 423.2

= 3.742139 or Say 4
113.0904
Area of Steel Provided = 4X 113.0904
= 452.3616 mm2
Provide 4 12 mm φ bars, one bar at each corner

% of Steel, Provided = 100 X 452.3616

230 X 230
0.855126 %
(Clause 24.1.3)

(Clause 24.1.3)
(I.S:456-1978)

X 230

X 230
DESIGN OF COLUMNS C2: FROM FOOTING UP TO PLINTH
Design of Column C2 : From Plinth to Roof:
Default Size : 230 X 230
LUS = Unsupported Length (Clause 24.1.3)
(I.S:456-1978)
= 2.5 X 1000 - 450
2050 mm
Effective Length Le = 0.85 X 2500
2125
Minimum Eccentricity not less than 20 mm
= 2050 230 (Clause 24.1.3)
+
500 30 (I.S:456-1978)
= 11.76667 < 20 mm
emin = 20 mm
emin, Permitted = 0.05 X 230
11.5 mm < 20 mm
Moments needs to be considered.
Axial Working Load = Reactions from beams B1, B2 and B6 at Plinth level + Reaction from top Column C2
2.23 + 2.23 + 2.77
7.23 T
Ultimate Axial Load,
Pu = 1.5 X 7.23 X 10
108.45 KN
Mux = 292.23 X 0.02 = 5.8446 KN.mt = 0.59578 T.mt
Muy = 292.23 X 0.02 = 5.8446 KN.mt = 0.59578 T.mt
Check for Slenderness of Column,
Lex Ley 2125
= = = 9.23913 < 12
b D 230
Hence, the Column is Short and the Slenderness Moments need not be Considered. (Clause 24.1.3)

Auuming p= 0.8 % (Clause 25.5.3.1)

p 0.8
= = 0.053333
fck 15
Uniaxial Moment Capacity of Section about X-X Axix,
Using 12 mm ø bars and 40 mm Cover,
d' = 40 12 = 46 mm
2
D = 230 mm
d' 46
= = 0.2
D 230
Total Load = 3.571 + 3.571 + 5.11 + 7.23
= 19.482 T
Ultimate Axial Load,
Pu = 1.5 X 19.482 X 10
= 292.23 KN
Check for Slenderness of Columns:
Lex Ley 2125
= = = 9.23913 < 12
 = = = 9.23913 < 12
b D 230
Hence, the Column is Short and the Slenderness Moments need not be Considered. (Clause 24.1.3)

Auuming p= 0.8 % (Clause 25.5.3.1)

p 0.8
= = 0.053333
fck 15
Uniaxial Moment Capacity of Section about X-X Axix,
Using 12 mm ø bars and 40 mm Cover,
12
d' = 40 = 46 mm
2
D = 230 mm
d' 46
= = 0.2
D 230
Pu 292.23 X 1000
=
fck.b.D 15 X 230 X 230
= 0.36828

Pu 108.45 X 1000
=
fck.b.D 15 X 230 X 230
= 0.136673
Mu
=
fck.b.D2 0.085

MuX1 = 0.085 X 15 X 230 X 230

1000000
= 15.51293 KN-Mt (SP 16/ Chart 46)
MuY1 = 0.085 X 15 X 230 X 230
1000000
= 15.51293 KN-Mt (SP 16/ Chart 46)
Calculation of PuZ:
PuZ
= 9 N/mm2 (SP 16/ Chart 46)
Ag
PuZ 9X 230 X 230
=
1000
= 476.1 KN
Pu 292.23
= = 0.6138
PuZ 476.1
By Interpolation (Clause 38.6)
αn = 1.68

(Clause 38.6)

= 0.387983 < 1.0 Safe

Asc = 0.8 X 230 X 230

 100
= 423.2 mm2
Using 12 mm φ bars, Aφ = 113.0904 mm2

No. of 12 mm φ bars = 423.2

= 3.742139 or Say 4
113.0904
Area of Steel Provided = 4X 113.0904
= 452.3616 mm2
Provide 4 12 mm φ bars, one bar at each corner

% of Steel, Provided = 100 X 452.3616

230 X 230
0.855126 %
Design of Links for Columns:
Column Size : 230 X 230
Diameter of Link not less than 1/4 times Diameter of Longitudinal Bar
= 3 mm (Clause 25.5.3.2,C-2)
Therefore Provide 8 mm φ Links.

PITCH: (Clause 25.5.3.2,C-2)

The Pitch of Links shall not be more than , the least of following distances.
i) The Least lateral dimension of the Column = 230 mm
ii) Sixteen times the Smallest diameter of the longitudinal reinforcement
bar to be tied = 16 X 12
= 192 mm
or Say 190 mm
iii) Forty Eight times the diameter of the Transverse Reinforcement
= 48 X 8
= 384 mm
Therefore 8 mm φ links @ 190 mm C/C throughout the length of the Column.
(Clause 24.1.3)

(Clause 24.1.3)
(I.S:456-1978)

X 230

X 230
DESIGN OF FOOTING F2:
Axial Load on Footing F2:
= Load from Column C2
= 19.482 T
Net Bearing Capacity of Soil = 20 T/Mt2
Auume Size of Footing 1000 X 1000
Depth of Footing at the Column Face = 300 mm
Depth of Footing at the Edge Face = 200 mm
Let Effective Cover be 60 mm
Let Pedestal Offset be 75 mm
Gross Bearing Capacity = Net Bearing Capacity + ϒDf
= 20 + 1.8 X 1
= 22.16 T/Mt2

230
75 75
380
300
200
1000

Volume of Footing = 0.25 Mt3

Volume of Soil (Neglecting Footing)
= 1X 1X 1
= 1.2 Mt3
Therefore Net Volume of Soil = 1.2 - 0.25 = 0.95 Mt3
Total Net Vertical Load = 19.482 + 0.25 X 2.5 + 2 X 0.95
= 21.817 T/Mt2

Bending Moment at the Column face:

230
75 75
380
300
385 200
1000

Total Weight = Weight of Soil + Footing Self Weight

= 1.8 X ( 1.2 X 1X 1 - 0.25 ) + 0.25 X 2.5
= 2.335 T
Presssure = 2.335
1X 1
= 2.335 T/Mt2

Net Upward Pressure= 21.817 - 2.335

= 19.482 T/Mt2
Therefore Mx = 19.482 X 0.385 X 0.385