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    Intel 8253 - Programmable Interval Timer

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    GaganBhayana
    The Intel 8253 and 8254 are programmable interval timers that contain three 16-bit counters each. The counters can be programmed to decrement and generate an interrupt when they reach zero. The 8254 has additional features like a higher maximum frequency and ability to read back counter values without stopping the count. Both chips are commonly used in microprocessors for tasks like timing and event counting.

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    Intel 8253 - Programmable Interval Timer

    Uploaded by

    GaganBhayana
    281 views4 pages
    The Intel 8253 and 8254 are programmable interval timers that contain three 16-bit counters each. The counters can be programmed to decrement and generate an interrupt when they reach zero. The 8254 has additional features like a higher maximum frequency and ability to read back counter values without stopping the count. Both chips are commonly used in microprocessors for tasks like timing and event counting.

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    Intel 8253 - Programmable Interval Timer tutorialspoint

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    The Intel 8253 and 8254 are programmable interval timers that contain three 16-bit counters each. The counters can be programmed to decrement and generate an interrupt when they reach zero. The 8254 has additional features like a higher maximum frequency and ability to read back counter values without stopping the count. Both chips are commonly used in microprocessors for tasks like timing and event counting.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    281 views4 pages

    Intel 8253 - Programmable Interval Timer

    Uploaded by

    GaganBhayana
    The Intel 8253 and 8254 are programmable interval timers that contain three 16-bit counters each. The counters can be programmed to decrement and generate an interrupt when they reach zero. The 8254 has additional features like a higher maximum frequency and ability to read back counter values without stopping the count. Both chips are commonly used in microprocessors for tasks like timing and event counting.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
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    The Intel 8253 and 8254 are Programmable Interval Timers (PTIs) designed
    for microprocessors to perform timing and counting functions using three
    16-bit registers. Each counter has 2 input pins, i.e. Clock & Gate, and 1 pin
    for “OUT” output. To operate a counter, a 16-bit count is loaded in its
    register. On command, it begins to decrement the count until it reaches 0,
    then it generates a pulse that can be used to interrupt the CPU.

    The following table differentiates the features of 8253 and 8254 −

    8253 8254

    Its operating frequency is 0 - 2.6 MHz Its operating frequency is 0 - 10 MHz

    It uses N-MOS technology It uses H-MOS technology

    Read-Back command is not available Read-Back command is available

    Reads and writes of the same counter Reads and writes of the same counter
    cannot be interleaved. can be interleaved.

    The most prominent features of 8253/54 are as follows −

    It has three independent 16-bit down counters.

    It can handle inputs from DC to 10 MHz.

    These three counters can be programmed for either binary or BCD


    Intel 8253 - Programmable Interval Timer https://www.printfriendly.com/p/g/wXp7HU

    count.

    It is compatible with almost all microprocessors.

    8254 has a powerful command called READ BACK command, which


    allows the user to check the count value, the programmed mode, the
    current mode, and the current status of the counter.

    The architecture of 8254 looks as follows −

    Here is the pin diagram of 8254 −

    In the above figure, there are three counters, a data bus buffer, Read/Write
    control logic, and a control register. Each counter has two input signals -
    CLOCK & GATE, and one output signal - OUT.
    Intel 8253 - Programmable Interval Timer https://www.printfriendly.com/p/g/wXp7HU

    Data Bus Buffer

    It is a tri-state, bi-directional,
    8-bit buffer, which is used to
    interface the 8253/54 to the
    system data bus. It has three
    basic functions −

    Programming the modes of


    8253/54.
    Loading the count registers.
    Reading the count values.

    Read/Write Logic

    It includes 5 signals, i.e. RD, WR, CS, and the address lines A0 & A1. In the
    peripheral I/O mode, the RD and WR signals are connected to IOR and IOW,
    respectively. In the memorymapped I/O mode, these are connected to
    MEMR and MEMW.

    Address lines A0 & A1 of the CPU are connected to lines A0 and A1 of the
    8253/54, and CS is tied to a decoded address. The control word register and
    counters are selected according to the signals on lines A0 & A1.

    A1 A0 Result

    0 0 Counter 0

    0 1 Counter 1

    1 0 Counter 2

    1 1 Control Word Register

    X X No Selection

    Control Word Register

    This register is accessed when lines A0 & A1 are at logic 1. It is used to write
    Intel 8253 - Programmable Interval Timer https://www.printfriendly.com/p/g/wXp7HU

    a command word, which specifies the counter to be used, its mode, and
    either a read or write operation. Following table shows the result for various
    control inputs.

    A1 A0 RD WR CS Result

    0 0 1 0 0 Write Counter 0

    0 1 1 0 0 Write Counter 1

    1 0 1 0 0 Write Counter 2

    1 1 1 0 0 Write Control Word

    0 0 0 1 0 Read Counter 0

    0 1 0 1 0 Read Counter 1

    1 0 0 1 0 Read Counter 2

    1 1 0 1 0 No operation

    X X 1 1 0 No operation

    X X X X 1 No operation

    Counters

    Each counter consists of a single, 16 bit-down counter, which can be


    operated in either binary or BCD. Its input and output is configured by the
    selection of modes stored in the control word register. The programmer can
    read the contents of any of the three counters without disturbing the actual
    count in process.

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