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    M.arslan Class HW

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    anon korne
    The document discusses the derivation of the fractional flow equation using Buckley and Leverett and Darcy's Law. It then presents a sensitivity analysis of the fractional flow equation using three different viscosity ratios of water to oil (0.01, 0.11, and 2.5). The different viscosity ratios lead to different shapes of the fractional flow curve and saturation profiles, with high, intermediate, and low viscosity ratios corresponding to unstable, stable, and piston-like displacement behaviors respectively.

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    M.arslan Class HW

    Uploaded by

    anon korne
    31 views7 pages
    The document discusses the derivation of the fractional flow equation using Buckley and Leverett and Darcy's Law. It then presents a sensitivity analysis of the fractional flow equation using three different viscosity ratios of water to oil (0.01, 0.11, and 2.5). The different viscosity ratios lead to different shapes of the fractional flow curve and saturation profiles, with high, intermediate, and low viscosity ratios corresponding to unstable, stable, and piston-like displacement behaviors respectively.

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    buckley leverett derivation and effect of viscosity

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    m.arslan Class Hw

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    The document discusses the derivation of the fractional flow equation using Buckley and Leverett and Darcy's Law. It then presents a sensitivity analysis of the fractional flow equation using three different viscosity ratios of water to oil (0.01, 0.11, and 2.5). The different viscosity ratios lead to different shapes of the fractional flow curve and saturation profiles, with high, intermediate, and low viscosity ratios corresponding to unstable, stable, and piston-like displacement behaviors respectively.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    31 views7 pages

    M.arslan Class HW

    Uploaded by

    anon korne
    The document discusses the derivation of the fractional flow equation using Buckley and Leverett and Darcy's Law. It then presents a sensitivity analysis of the fractional flow equation using three different viscosity ratios of water to oil (0.01, 0.11, and 2.5). The different viscosity ratios lead to different shapes of the fractional flow curve and saturation profiles, with high, intermediate, and low viscosity ratios corresponding to unstable, stable, and piston-like displacement behaviors respectively.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 7

    Numerical Reservoir Simulation

    Khazar University M.Sc Petroleum Engineering

    Muhammad Arslan

    Class Assignment # 2

    Fractional Flow Equation Derivation

    using Buckley and Leverett and Darcy’s Law


    Putting in (6)

    𝑓𝑤 𝑞𝑡 𝜇𝑤 (1 − 𝑓𝑤) 𝑞𝑡 𝜇𝑜 𝜕𝑃𝑐
    − = − 𝑔 ∆𝜌 sin(𝛼)
    𝐴 𝑘𝑤 𝐴 𝑘𝑜 𝜕𝑥

    𝑓𝑤 𝑞𝑡 𝜇𝑤 𝑞𝑡 𝜇𝑜 𝑓𝑤 𝑞𝑡 𝜇𝑜 𝜕𝑃𝑐
    − + = − 𝑔 ∆𝜌 sin(𝛼)
    𝐴 𝑘𝑤 𝐴 𝑘𝑜 𝐴 𝑘𝑜 𝜕𝑥

    𝑓𝑤 𝑞𝑡 𝜇𝑤 𝑓𝑤 𝑞𝑡 𝜇𝑜 𝜕𝑃𝑐 𝑞𝑡 𝜇𝑜
    + = − 𝑔 ∆𝜌 sin(𝛼) +
    𝐴 𝑘𝑤 𝐴 𝑘𝑜 𝜕𝑥 𝐴 𝑘𝑜

    𝑓𝑤 𝑞𝑡 𝜇𝑤 𝜇𝑜 𝜕𝑃𝑐 𝑞𝑡 𝜇𝑜
    ( + )= − 𝑔 ∆𝜌 sin(𝛼) +
    𝐴 𝑘𝑤 𝑘𝑜 𝜕𝑥 𝐴 𝑘𝑜

    Isolate fw on right hand side of the equation

    𝜇𝑤 𝜇𝑜 𝜕𝑃𝑐 𝑞𝑡 𝜇𝑜
    𝑓𝑤 𝑞𝑡 ( + ) = 𝐴( − 𝑔 ∆𝜌 sin(𝛼)) +
    𝑘𝑤 𝑘𝑜 𝜕𝑥 𝑘𝑜

    𝜕𝑃𝑐 𝑞𝑡 𝜇𝑜
    𝐴( − 𝑔 ∆𝜌 sin(𝛼)) +
    𝑓𝑤 = 𝜕𝑥 𝑘𝑜
    𝜇𝑤 𝜇𝑜
    𝑞𝑡 ( + )
    𝑘𝑤 𝑘𝑜

    𝜕𝑃𝑐 𝜇𝑜
    𝐴( − 𝑔 ∆𝜌 sin(𝛼))
    𝑓𝑤 = 𝜕𝑥 + 𝜇𝑤 𝑘𝑜 𝜇𝑜
    𝜇𝑤 𝜇𝑜
    𝑞𝑡 ( + ) ( + )
    𝑘𝑤 𝑘𝑜 𝑘𝑤 𝑘𝑜

    𝜕𝑃𝑐 𝜇𝑜
    𝐴( − 𝑔 ∆𝜌 sin(𝛼))
    𝑓𝑤 = 𝜕𝑥 + 𝑘𝑜
    𝜇𝑤 𝜇𝑜 𝜇𝑜 𝜇𝑤 𝑘𝑜
    𝑞𝑡 ( + ) ( + 1)
    𝑘𝑤 𝑘𝑜 𝑘𝑜 𝑘𝑤 𝜇𝑜
    𝜕𝑃𝑐
    𝐴( − 𝑔 ∆𝜌 sin(𝛼)) 1
    𝑓𝑤 = 𝜕𝑥 +
    𝜇𝑤 𝜇𝑜 𝜇𝑤 𝑘𝑜
    𝑞𝑡 ( + ) ( + 1)
    𝑘𝑤 𝑘𝑜 𝑘𝑤 𝜇𝑜

    𝐴 𝜕𝑃𝑐
    𝑞𝑡 ( 𝜕𝑥 − 𝑔 ∆𝜌 sin(𝛼)) 1
    𝑓𝑤 = 𝜇𝑤 𝜇𝑜 +
    ( + ) 𝜇𝑤 𝑘𝑜
    𝑘𝑤 𝑘𝑜 ( + 1)
    𝑘𝑤 𝜇𝑜

    𝐴 𝑘𝑜 𝜕𝑃𝑐
    𝑞𝑡 𝜇𝑜 ( 𝜕𝑥 − 𝑔 ∆𝜌 sin(𝛼)) 1
    𝑓𝑤 = +
    𝜇𝑤 𝑘𝑜 𝜇𝑤 𝑘𝑜
    ( + 1) ( + 1)
    𝑘𝑤 𝜇𝑜 𝑘𝑤 𝜇𝑜

    𝐴 𝑘𝑜 𝜕𝑃𝑐
    𝑞𝑡 𝜇𝑜 ( 𝜕𝑥 − 𝑔 ∆𝜌 sin(𝛼)) + 1
    𝑓𝑤 =
    𝜇𝑤 𝑘𝑜
    ( + 1)
    𝑘𝑤 𝜇𝑜

    𝐴 𝑘 𝑘𝑟𝑜 𝜕𝑃𝑐
    1+( ( − 𝑔 ∆𝜌 sin(𝛼)))
    𝑞𝑡 𝜇𝑜 𝜕𝑥
    𝑓𝑤 =
    𝜇𝑤 𝑘 𝑘𝑟𝑜
    (1 + )
    𝑘 𝑘𝑟𝑤 𝜇𝑜

    𝐴 𝑘 𝑘𝑟𝑜 𝜕𝑃𝑐
    1 + ( 𝑞𝑡 𝜇𝑜 ( − 𝑔 ∆𝜌 sin(𝛼)))
    𝜕𝑥
    𝑓𝑤 =
    𝜇𝑤 𝑘𝑟𝑜
    (1 + )
    𝑘𝑟𝑤 𝜇𝑜

    Negating gravity and capillary pressure effects

    1
    𝑓𝑤 =
    𝑘𝑟𝑜 𝜇𝑤
    (1 + )
    𝑘𝑟𝑤 𝜇𝑜
    Sensitivity Analysis of Viscosity Ratio in Fractional Flow Equation:

    krw(S) = (S*)2
    kro(S) = (1-S*)2
    S*= (S - Swc) / (1 - Swc - Sor)
    Swc = Swi = 0.2
    Sor = 0.2
    krw(Sor) = kro(Swc) = 1.0

    Consider fractional flow for 3 different (assumed) viscosity ratios

    Case1: µw/µo (1) = 0.01 > µo/µw = 100

    Case2: µw/µo (2) = 0.11 > µo/µw = 9.09

    Case3: µw/µo (3) = 2.5 > µo/µw = 0.4

    Sw S* krw kro kro/krw µw/µo (1) µw/µo (2) µw/µo (3)


    0.2 0 0 1 #DIV/0! 0 0 0
    0.25 0.083333 0.006944 0.840277778 121 0.452488688 0.069881202 0.003294893
    0.3 0.166667 0.027778 0.694444444 25 0.8 0.266666667 0.015748031
    0.35 0.25 0.0625 0.5625 9 0.917431193 0.502512563 0.042553191
    0.4 0.333333 0.111111 0.444444444 4 0.961538462 0.694444444 0.090909091
    0.45 0.416667 0.173611 0.340277778 1.96 0.980776775 0.822639026 0.169491525
    0.5 0.5 0.25 0.25 1 0.99009901 0.900900901 0.285714286
    0.55 0.583333 0.340278 0.173611111 0.510204082 0.994923858 0.946859903 0.439461883
    0.6 0.666667 0.444444 0.111111111 0.25 0.997506234 0.97323601 0.615384615
    0.65 0.75 0.5625 0.0625 0.111111111 0.998890122 0.987925357 0.782608696
    0.7 0.833333 0.694444 0.027777778 0.04 0.99960016 0.995619275 0.909090909
    0.75 0.916667 0.840278 0.006944444 0.008264463 0.999917362 0.999091735 0.979757085
    0.8 1 1 0 0 1 1 1
    In this figure, Case A gives the shape for a system where the ratio of oil viscosity to water viscosity is
    high, say around 100. This could be for a very dense, viscous oil which gives rise to unstable
    displacement, with by-passed oil and premature water breakthrough. To generate the oil production
    would require a considerable number of pore volumes of injected water. To improve recovery for this
    system increasing the temperature of the injected fluid can improve behavior. Although the
    temperature decreases the viscosity of both fluids, there is a greater impact on the oil. M>>1

    In case B, the viscosity ratio is considerably lower giving rise to a more stable and favorable
    displacement with a shock front developing. M = 1.

    In case C, where the curvature of the fractional curve is opposite to that of case A, the shape results
    from a low oil to water viscosity ratio. In this case which might be representative of a light oil, the
    mobility ratio M is <<1 and leads to piston like displacement. The three saturation profiles for these
    cases are illustrated in figure below.

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