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    ME 472 - Engineering Metrology and Quality Control

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    hasayoglu
    The document provides an introduction to metrology and quality control, defining metrology as the science of measurement and discussing the importance of measurement, standards, and quality in manufacturing. It explains that quality refers to a product's ability to satisfy its intended use, and that continuous quality improvement is the goal of inspection and measurement of products and processes during and after production.

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    ME 472 - Engineering Metrology and Quality Control

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    hasayoglu
    173 views8 pages
    The document provides an introduction to metrology and quality control, defining metrology as the science of measurement and discussing the importance of measurement, standards, and quality in manufacturing. It explains that quality refers to a product's ability to satisfy its intended use, and that continuous quality improvement is the goal of inspection and measurement of products and processes during and after production.

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    The document provides an introduction to metrology and quality control, defining metrology as the science of measurement and discussing the importance of measurement, standards, and quality in manufacturing. It explains that quality refers to a product's ability to satisfy its intended use, and that continuous quality improvement is the goal of inspection and measurement of products and processes during and after production.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    173 views8 pages

    ME 472 - Engineering Metrology and Quality Control

    Uploaded by

    hasayoglu
    The document provides an introduction to metrology and quality control, defining metrology as the science of measurement and discussing the importance of measurement, standards, and quality in manufacturing. It explains that quality refers to a product's ability to satisfy its intended use, and that continuous quality improvement is the goal of inspection and measurement of products and processes during and after production.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 8

    ME 472 – Engineering Metrology

    and Quality Control


    Introduction to Metrology and Quality

    Mechanical Engineering Dr. A. Tolga Bozdana


    University of Gaziantep Assistant Professor
    Definition of Metrology and Measurement

    Metrology
     from greek “metron” (measure) and –logy.

     the science of measurement.

     includes all theoretical and practical aspects of measurement.

    Measurement
     Comparison of a specimen to a standard, within some agreement
    upon reference frame.

     A successful measurement must maintain (i.e. apply controls to)


    specimen, standard, and a stable reference frame.

     All measurements based on standard.

     Maintenance of standards & reference frame critical to any


    measurement.

    1
    What is Quality?

    Product Quality
     a product’s fitness for use.
     the totality of features that bear on a product’s ability to satisfy a given need.

    Need for Quality


     Quality is a very important aspect of manufacturing.
     It is a big issue (consider TQM, Six Sigma, Taguchi, ISO Standards, etc.)
     Needed for interchangeable manufacturing.
     Basic concept of standardization and mass production.
     Components of a product must fit together, assemble properly and be replaceable.
     Quality should be built into a product.
     Prevention of defects is a major goal.

    2
    Measure of Quality

    High Quality Product Low Quality Product


     performs its functions reliably  does not perform its function reliably

     performs its functions for a long time  fails or breaks after short time of use

     performs its functions conveniently  is difficult to use

    GOAL
    Continuous Quality Improvement
    (functionality, reliability, durability, …)

    Inspection (Measurement)

    What? When? How?


    3
    What to Inspect?

    Inspection specific to PRODUCTS


     Electronic parts (circuits, chips, etc.)
     Machine elements (engines, brakes, gears, etc.)
     Heat and thermodynamic components (engines, fuel injectors, etc.)
     Medical and Bio-related products (implants, dental devices, surgical parts, etc.)
    …

    Inspection specific to PROCESSES


     Chip removal processes (turning, milling, drilling, etc.)
     Chipless manufacturing (casting, molding, forging, etc.)
     Non-traditional methods (EDM, ECM, ultrasonics, etc.)
    …

    4
    When to Inspect?

    Inspection AFTER production


    x costly production steps already complete
    x high cost of rejection or rework
    x difficult to test for all possible defects
    x difficult to identify responsibility for defect

    Inspection DURING production


     defects found early, at each production step
     reduced cost of rejection or rework
     facilitates continuous process improvement

    5
    How to Inspect?

    Measurement of DIMENSIONS
     Linear measurements (length, thickness, etc.)
     Angular measurements (taper, angle, etc.)
     Measurement of surface texture (roughness, waviness, etc.)
     Measurement of geometric shape (roundness, flatness, squareness, etc.)
     Measurement of screw threads and gears
    …

    Inspection for DIMENSIONAL ACCURACY


     post-process (traditional)
     in-process (modern trend)

    DIMENSIONAL TOLERANCES
     permissible variation in dimensions
     directly affects product quality and cost
    6
    Scale of Measurement

    Large scale (low frequency) measurements


     Measurements at macro levels
     Dimension (length, angle, etc.)
     Tolerance
     Form error (contour measurement)

    Medium scale (medium frequency) measurements


     Measurements at meso levels
     Surface texture/topography (waviness)
     Geometric shape (flatness, roundness, etc.)

    Small scale (high frequency) measurements


     Measurements at micro levels
     Surface texture/topography (surface roughness)

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