Control

Control statements
If else,switch,for,while ,do while,break ,continue
If-else Statement
The Java if statement is used to test the condition. It checks boolean
condition: true or false. There are various types of if statement in java.
o if statement
o if-else statement
o if-else-if ladder
o nested if statement
Java IF Statement
The Java if statement tests the condition. It executes the if block if condition is true.
Syntax:
1. if(condition){
2. //code to be executed
3. }
Example:
1. public class IfExample {

2. public static void main(String[] args) {
3. int age=20;
4. if(age>18){
5. System.out.print("Age is greater than 18");
6. }
7. }
8. }
Test it Now
Output:
Age is greater than 18
Java IF-else Statement

The Java if-else statement also tests the condition. It executes the if block if condition is
true otherwise else block is executed.
Syntax:
1. if(condition){
2. //code if condition is true
3. }else{
4. //code if condition is false
5. }
Example:
1. public class IfElseExample {

3. int number=13;
4. if(number%2==0){
5. System.out.println("even number");
6. }else{
7. System.out.println("odd number");
8. }
9. }
10. }
Test it Now
Output:
odd number
Java IF-else-if ladder Statement

The if-else-if ladder statement executes one condition from multiple statements.
Syntax:
1. if(condition1){
2. //code to be executed if condition1 is true
3. }else if(condition2){
5. }
6. else if(condition3){
8. }
9. ...
10. else{
11. //code to be executed if all the conditions are false
12. }
Example:
1. public class IfElseIfExample {

3. int marks=65;
4.
5. if(marks<50){
6. System.out.println("fail");
7. }
8. else if(marks>=50 && marks<60){
9. System.out.println("D grade");
10. }
12. System.out.println("C grade");
13. }
15. System.out.println("B grade");
16. }
18. System.out.println("A grade");
19. }else if(marks>=90 && marks<100){
20. System.out.println("A+ grade");
21. }else{
22. System.out.println("Invalid!");
23. } }
24. }
Output: C grade
Java Switch Statement
The Java switch statement executes one statement from multiple conditions. It is like if-
else-if ladder statement.
Syntax:
1. switch(expression){
2. case value1:
3. //code to be executed;
4. break; //optional
5. case value2:
6. //code to be executed;
7. break; //optional
8. ......
9.
10. default:
11. code to be executed if all cases are not matched;
12. }
Example:
1. public class SwitchExample {

3. int number=20;
4. switch(number){
5. case 10: System.out.println("10");break;
8. default:System.out.println("Not in 10, 20 or 30");
9. }
10. }
11. }
Test it NowOutput: 20
Java Switch Statement is fall-through

The java switch statement is fall-through. It means it executes all statement after first
match if break statement is not used with switch cases.
Example:
1. public class SwitchExample2 {

3. int number=20;
4. switch(number){
5. case 10: System.out.println("10");
8. default:System.out.println("Not in 10, 20 or 30");
9. }
10. }
11. }
Test it NowOutput:
20
30
Not in 10, 20 or 30
Java For Loop

The Java for loop is used to iterate a part of the program several times. If the number of
iteration is fixed, it is recommended to use for loop.
There are three types of for loop in java.
o Simple For Loop
o For-each or Enhanced For Loop
o Labeled For Loop
Java Simple For Loop

The simple for loop is same as C/C++. We can initialize variable, check condition and
increment/decrement value.
Syntax:
1. for(initialization;condition;incr/decr){
3. }
Example:
1. public class ForExample {

3. for(int i=1;i<=10;i++){
4. System.out.println(i);
5. }
6. }
7. }
Test it Now
Output:
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Java For-each Loop

The for-each loop is used to traverse array or collection in java. It is easier to use than
simple for loop because we don't need to increment value and use subscript notation.
It works on elements basis not index. It returns element one by one in the defined
variable.
Syntax:
1. for(Type var:array){
3. }
Example:
1. public class ForEachExample {

3. int arr[]={12,23,44,56,78};
4. for(int i:arr){
6. }
7. }
8. }
Test it Now
Output:
12
23
44
56
78
Java Labeled For Loop

We can have name of each for loop. To do so, we use label before the for loop. It is
useful if we have nested for loop so that we can break/continue specific for loop.
Normally, break and continue keywords breaks/continues the inner most for loop only.
Syntax:
1. labelname:
2. for(initialization;condition;incr/decr){
4. }
Example:
1. public class LabeledForExample {

3. aa:
4. for(int i=1;i<=3;i++){
5. bb:
6. for(int j=1;j<=3;j++){
7. if(i==2&&j==2){
8. break aa;
9. }
10. System.out.println(i+" "+j);
11. }
12. }
13. }
14. }
Output:
1 1
1 2
1 3
2 1
If you use break bb;, it will break inner loop only which is the default behavior of any
loop.
1. public class LabeledForExample2 {

3. aa:
4. for(int i=1;i<=3;i++){
5. bb:
6. for(int j=1;j<=3;j++){
7. if(i==2&&j==2){
8. break bb;
9. }
11. }
12. }
13. }
14. }
Output:
1 1
1 2
1 3
2 1
3 1
3 2
3 3
Java Infinitive For Loop

If you use two semicolons ;; in the for loop, it will be infinitive for loop.
Syntax:
1. for(;;){
3. }
Example:
1. public class ForExample {

3. for(;;){
4. System.out.println("infinitive loop");
5. }
6. }
7. }
Output:
infinitive loop
infinitive loop
infinitive loop
infinitive loop
infinitive loop
ctrl+c
Java While Loop

The Java while loop is used to iterate a part of the program several times. If the number
of iteration is not fixed, it is recommended to use while loop.
Syntax:
1. while(condition){
3. }
Example:
1. public class WhileExample {

3. int i=1;
4. while(i<=10){
6. i++;
7. }
8. }
9. }
Test it Now
Output:
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Java Infinitive While Loop

If you pass true in the while loop, it will be infinitive while loop.
Syntax:
1. while(true){
3. }
Example:
1. public class WhileExample2 {

3. while(true){
4. System.out.println("infinitive while loop");
5. }
6. }
7. }
Output:
infinitive while loop

ctrl+c
Now, you need to press ctrl+c to exit from the program.
Java do-while Loop

The Java do-while loop is used to iterate a part of the program several times. If the
number of iteration is not fixed and you must have to execute the loop at least once, it is
recommended to use do-while loop.
The Java do-while loop is executed at least once because condition is checked after loop
body.
Syntax:
1. do{
3. }while(condition);
Example:
1. public class DoWhileExample {

3. int i=1;
4. do{
6. i++;
7. }while(i<=10);
8. }
9. }
Test it Now
Output:
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Java Infinitive do-while Loop

If you pass true in the do-while loop, it will be infinitive do-while loop.
Syntax:
1. do{
3. }while(true);
Example:
1. public class DoWhileExample2 {

3. do{
4. System.out.println("infinitive do while loop");
5. }while(true);
6. }
7. }
Output:
infinitive do while loop

ctrl+c
Java Break Statement

The Java break is used to break loop or switch statement. It breaks the current flow of
the program at specified condition. In case of inner loop, it breaks only inner loop.
Syntax:
1. jump-statement;
2. break;
Java Break Statement with Loop

Example:
1. public class BreakExample {
3. for(int i=1;i<=10;i++){
4. if(i==5){
5. break;
6. }
8. }
9. }
10. }
Output:
1
2
3
4
Java Break Statement with Inner Loop

It breaks inner loop only if you use break statement inside the inner loop.
Example:
1. public class BreakExample2 {

3. for(int i=1;i<=3;i++){
4. for(int j=1;j<=3;j++){
5. if(i==2&&j==2){
6. break;
7. }
9. }
10. }
11. }
12. }
Output:
1 1
1 2
1 3
2 1
3 1
3 2
3 3
Java Continue Statement

The Java continue statement is used to continue loop. It continues the current
flow of the program and skips the remaining code at specified condition. In case
of inner loop, it continues only inner loop.
Syntax:
1. jump-statement;
2. continue;
Java Continue Statement Example

Example:
1. public class ContinueExample {

3. for(int i=1;i<=10;i++){
4. if(i==5){
5. continue;
6. }
8. }
9. }
10.}
Output:
1
2
3
4
6
7
8
9
10
Java Continue Statement with Inner Loop

It continues inner loop only if you use continue statement inside the inner loop.
Example:
1. public class ContinueExample2 {

3. for(int i=1;i<=3;i++){
4. for(int j=1;j<=3;j++){
5. if(i==2&&j==2){
6. continue;
7. }
9. }
10. }
11.}
12.}
Output:
1 1
1 2
1 3
2 1
2 3
3 1
3 2
3 3

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Control statements

If else,switch,for,while ,do while,break ,continue

1. public class IfExample {

Age is greater than 18

Java IF-else Statement

1. public class IfElseExample {

Java IF-else-if ladder Statement

1. public class IfElseIfExample {

1. public class SwitchExample {

Java Switch Statement is fall-through

1. public class SwitchExample2 {

Java For Loop

There are three types of for loop in java.

o Simple For Loop

o For-each or Enhanced For Loop

o Labeled For Loop

Java Simple For Loop

1. public class ForExample {

Java For-each Loop

1. public class ForEachExample {

Java Labeled For Loop

1. public class LabeledForExample {

1. public class LabeledForExample2 {

Java Infinitive For Loop

1. public class ForExample {

Java While Loop

1. public class WhileExample {

Java Infinitive While Loop

1. public class WhileExample2 {

infinitive while loop

Now, you need to press ctrl+c to exit from the program.

Java do-while Loop

1. public class DoWhileExample {

Java Infinitive do-while Loop

1. public class DoWhileExample2 {

infinitive do while loop

Java Break Statement

Java Break Statement with Loop

Java Break Statement with Inner Loop

1. public class BreakExample2 {

Java Continue Statement

Java Continue Statement Example

1. public class ContinueExample {

Java Continue Statement with Inner Loop

1. public class ContinueExample2 {

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