Computer Graphics Chapter-1 Creating Graphics
Computer Graphics Chapter-1 Creating Graphics
Computer Graphics Chapter-1 Creating Graphics
1. Bitmap Graphics: Bitmaps which are some times called raster images,
use colored dots called pixels arranged in a grid to define an image.
Pixels short for picture elements-are dots usually measured in pixels per inch
or per centimeter
1. Vector files are usually smaller than the bitmap files because
they consist of a series of Mathematical formulas rather than many pixels.
2. Vector images also retain their original definition and
perspective when resized. Vector images displayed at different resolutions
with out losing the quality.
1. Macromedia Flash
2. Macromedia Fire works
3. Adobe Illustrator
4. Photo Shop
5. Maya
6. Corel Draw
7. MS-Power Point
This format is popular for World Wide Web. These are used for
cartoons, logos.
c. BMP (Bitmap)
Microsoft graphics file format and is used frequently for bit map
images.
f. PSD (Photoshop)
1. Line tool
3. Rectangle Tool
5. Polygon Tool
6. Pencil Tool
7. Pen Tool
Use to draw precise lines and curves by plotting and connecting points.
8. Brush Tool
9. Eraser Tool
Resolution.
Pixel- short for picture elements- are dots used to define some images on a
Computer screen.
Drawing area
Drawing area is the area with in the document window where you draw and edit
The image. Some Programs refers to the drawing area as the canvas or stage.
Active File
In Graphics Program you can open more than one file at a time, although only one
file is active. The Active file is the one in which you are currently working.
Objects.
Stroke option.
Stroke which is some times called weight or tip size usually measured
In points. There are 72 Points in inch.
Stroke style may be specified by type, category or effect. For Example you may
be choose a solid line, a dotted line, or a stroke that looks as if it were created
using a heavy watercolor brush, a graphite pencil or a texture airbrush.
Panel
Which are elements similar to dialogue boxes that you can keep open
on your screen while you work.
Swatch
Most color palettes are a series of colored boxes that may be called swatch.
Toggles Command
Which means they are either on or off. Each time you select the command, it
switches from on to off, or off to on.
ZOOM
PAN
Pan in the document window to shift the display you can see a different part of the
drawing area.
View
The view is the way your file is displayed on the screen. With the view to get a
different look at drawing.
Hexadecimal codes are standard alphanumeric values used to identify colors based
on their components of red, green and blue.
Selection Handles
Small rectangles called selection handles are displayed around the shape.
These handles indicate that the shape is selected and you can drag one to
Resize the shape.
CHAPTER-2
(IIMPORTING AND EXPORTING GRAPHICS)
Answer: Import the pictures by using Scanner, Digital Camera and Clip Art.
3. Define Installation?
Answer: Installing the software that comes with the device and making sure
the device driver works.
Answer: Digital camera makes it easy to take original photo graphs that you
can transfer as files to your computer.
Most digital cameras come with cables for connecting to USB ,serial, or other
external ports on your computer.
Features:
1. ZOOM
2. Auto Focus
3. Automatic Flash.
6. Define Scanner?
Answer: scanner is a hardware device that uses a light to capture a digital
version of a picture which is then stored as a graphics file on your computer.
Answer: The default file format for particular program is called native file
format.
Answer: is a one that a program can open, read and save even if it is not the
default.
Answer: which are colors that are displayed in the same way in all web
browsers.
Answer: it is a process a program uses to approximate colors that are not part
of its color palette.
Answer: Loss setting is used to control Compression. Increase the loss setting
to allow more compression which results in a smaller file but lower Quality.
Answer: A Wizard is a series of pages or dialog boxes that step you through a
process that may otherwise be confusing or complicated.
Answer: Downloading Copies the file from the web site to your computer.
Answer: A search site is a web site that helps you to locate a web page even if
you don’t know the pages address.
CHAPTER -3
(MODIFYING GRAPHICS)
Answer: 1. Proportion
2. Balance
3. Contrast
4. Variety
5. Emphasis
2. Define Proportion?
Answer: This describes the size and location of one object in relation to
other objects in the image.
3. Define Balance?
Answer: Which refers to the visual weight of objects and the way they are
arranged.
4. Define Contrast?
5. Define Variety?
6. Define Emphasis?
Answer: 1. Marquee
2. Oval Marquee
3. Lasso
4. Polygon Lasso
5. Magic wind
6. Brush
7. Pencil
8. Paint Bucket
9. Eraser
Answer: That you can use to fill an area with a gradient color. Gradient
color shades gradually from a dark hue to light hue.
Answer: you can use the eye dropper tool to make any color displayed on
screen the current stroke or fill color.
Answer: 1. Scale
2. Skew
3. Distort
4. Rotate and Flip
Answer: Layers are used for creating complex images, animations and
certain special effects.
Answer: You can skew an object to slant it along its horizontal or vertical
axis.
Answer: With distort Object you change its Height / Width with out
maintaining the original proportions.
Answer: cropping cuts out the portions of a file that you don’t want.
1. Define WRAP?
Answer: Which Means that when text reaches end of one line with in the text
block it moves automatically to the beginning of the next line.
Answer: Here you specify the block size before you begin the keying text.
Answer: Up arrow, Down arrow, Left arrow, Right arrow, Backspace, Delete,
Enter, Insert.
6. Define font?
Serif Fonts: Have short lines and curlicues at the ends of the lines that make
Up each character.
Sans Serif Fonts: Have straight lines with out serifs and are often used for
Head lines and titles.
Examples: Arial, Impact and Tahoma.
8. Define font-size?
Answer: Font style is the slant and weight of characters in a font set such as
bold and italic.
Answer: Leading is the amount of space between the baseline –bottom –of one
line of text and the baseline of the next line.
Answer: 1. Orientation
2. Text flow
Answer: Controls whether the text is displayed horizontally across the width of
the block.
Answer: Text flow determines whether text can be read from left to right or
right to left.
Answer: you can transform text by skewing, distorting, rotating, or flipping it.
CHAPTER 5
1. Define Hue?
Answer: Color affects the way people view an image more than any other
graphics effect. Color, also called Hue.
Answer: A Color system defines standard colors. It may also be called a color
model.
Answer: A Color Bar displays a Spectrum of colors across a Rectangle from Left
to right.
Answer: The two main color systems for use in graphics programs are the RGB
Model, HSL System and CMY Model.
RGB Model : RGB( Red ,Green and Blue) System creates colors by combining
Different values of red, green and blue.
RGB Model is mostly used when graphics are to be displayed on devices that
Uses light to display colors, such as computer monitors.
CMY Model used most often for drawings that are to be printed, either on a local
Printer or by a printing press.
HSL System: HSL (Hue, Saturation, Lightness) and Grayscale, which uses
Percentages of black to create shades of gray.
This color system allows you to key hexadecimal values to mix colors that will
Display the same way on all computer systems.
Use this color system when preparing graphics for web pages.
Answer: 1. Textures
2. Gradients
3. Patterns
Textures: Can be applied to fills or strokes to make an object look as if it is
painted on a textured surface.
Gradients: Gradients are a type of patterns that blends colors to create different
effects.
6. What are the tools for applying color correction effects to vector and
bitmap
Images?
Answer: 1. Value
2. Brightness
3. Contrast
4. Saturation
7. Define opacity?
8. Define Bevel?
Answer: Bevels also give an object a raised appearance. You can apply an inner
Bevel, which adds the effect with in the edges of the object, or an outer bevel,
Which adds the effect outside the edges.
9. Define embossing?
Answer: With Embossing make an object appear to be pressed into the drawing
Area.
Answer: Shadows and glows are effects that let you add depth ,dimension, and
highlights to objects.
Answer: use the sharpen and blur effects to adjust the focus or sharpness of an
image. The sharpen effect brings a blurred image into focus and the blur effect
lessens the focus.
12. Define Mask? Explain different types of masks.
Vector Mask: you use a vector graphic to define the shape of the mask. You can
use any vector object, such as rectangle,polygon, or ellipse.
Bitmap Masks: Bitmap masks are some times called layer masks Because they
overlap and obscure underlying pixels.
CHAPTER 6
CREATING ANIMATIONS.
1. Define Animation.
Answer: Graphics with motion also called animation or movies. These may take
many forms ,Including Moving or blinking logos,flashing advertisements, lively
Cartoon characters and product demonstrations.
3. Panels: Small floating windows like toolbox provides tools you can
use to draw and form objects in flashMX. Examples: Property inspector,
color panel, Library etc.
4.