SERVICE MANUAL

Valeo TM43 Compressor

Copyright © 2017 Valeo Japan CO., LTD. | All rights reserved.

 Flexible port design Oil fill-up plug for better
Easier installation inner oil return

5 double-headed pistons architecture

ensuring smooth and quiet operations

Compact & robust design enabling Lip type shaft seal providing
easy mounting configurations ultimate reliability & performance

Light & Compact, Ultimate Reliability, Highest Performance

Foreword
This service manual has been elaborated to help ser- The contents of this manual, including illustrations,
vice personnel to provide efficient and correct service drawings and specifications were the latest available
and maintenance on the Valeo TM43 compressor (for at the time of printing.
HFC-134a) for automotive air conditioning. Valeo Japan reserves the right to make changes in
This manual includes the operation specifications, specifications and procedures at any time without
procedures for disassembly, reassembly, and notice.
inspection of the compressor.

VALEO JAPAN CO., LTD.

WARNINGS
The following warning signs are used in this service manual.
These are extremely important to ensure safe operation and to prevent body injuries and
property damage.
They must be fully understood before starting the air conditioner maintenance.

WARNING!! Maintenance must be properly done to avoid serious injury risks.

CAUTION!! Improper maintenance can result in injury or property damage.

MEANING OF MARKS
The following marks are used in this service manual to facilitate correct air conditioner
maintenance.

Advice Procedures necessary to ensure the best air conditioner maintenance.

Note Information to optimize the air conditioner maintenance.

-1-
Contents
1-Product description...................................................................................  3
2-Operation precautions.............................................................................. 16
3-Handling instructions............................................................................... 17
Maintenance precautions.......................................................................... 17
Work area................................................................................................. 17
Refrigerant handling................................................................................... 17
Compressor handling................................................................................ 18
Compressor removal.................................................................................. 18
Oil return operation.................................................................................. 19
Oil handling.............................................................................................. 19
Oil contamination..................................................................................... 20
Oil check................................................................................................... 20
Replacement of components..................................................................... 20
Running-in operation................................................................................ 21
Compressor runnning-in............................................................................... 22
Magnetic clutch running-in........................................................................... 22
Leak test.................................................................................................. 23
Refrigerant charging................................................................................... 23
Storing a repaired compressor ...................................................................... 23
4-Troubleshooting ...................................................................................... 24
Compressor troubleshooting ........................................................................ 24
Compressor troubleshooting tree .................................................................. 24
A/C cycle diagnosis by gauge pressure............................................................ 27
5-Tightening torques................................................................................... 29
6-Service procedures - Magnetic clutch.....................................................  30
7-Services procedures - Shaft seal assembly............................................. 36
8-Services procedures - Cylinder heads...................................................... 39
9-Service tools............................................................................................. 43
Magnetic clutch service tools....................................................................... 43
Compressor tools...................................................................................... 44
Test and inspection tools ............................................................................ 44
10-Service parts .......................................................................................... 45

-2-
 1-Product description - Compressor
Compressor
MODEL TM43
TECHNOLOGY Heavy Duty Swash Plate
DISPLACEMENT 425cc / 26 in3 per rev.
NUMBER OF CYLINDERS 10 (5 double-headed pistons)
REVOLUTION RANGE 600-5000 rpm
DIRECTION OF ROTATION Clockwise viewed from clutch
BORE 40 mm (1.57 in)
STROKE 33.8 mm (1.33 in)
SHAFT SEAL Lip seal type
LUBRICATION SYSTEM Lubrication by gear pump
REFRIGERANT HFC-134a
OIL (QUANTITY) PAG or POE OIL (800 cc)
CONNECTIONS Suction: 35 mm (1-3/8 in)
Internal Hose Diameter Discharge: 28 mm (1-1/8 in)
WEIGHT (w/o clutch) 13.5 kg / 29.7 lbs
DIMENSIONS (w/o clutch) 319-164-269 (mm) 12.6-6.5-10.6 (in)
Length - Width - Height

MOUNTING Direct (side or base)

Valeo TM43 Application limits

Saturated condensing conditions

PSIA PSIG oF MPaA MPaG oC tc

398 384 180 2.75 2.65 82

244 229 140 1.68 1.58 60

125 111 93 0.86 0.76 34

83 68 68 0.57 0.47 20 te
o
tc : Condensing temperature -20 -10 10 20 C
te : Evaporating gas temperature 0.03 0.10 0.31 0.47 MPaG
0.13 0.20 0.41 0.57 MPaA
-4 14 50 68 oF

5 14 45 68 PSIG
19 29 60 83 PSIA

Saturated evaporating conditions

-3-
1-Product description - Name Plate

European Name plate

To ensure that the compressor operates
smoothly, be careful to respect the indications
written on the name plate located on top of th
compressor body.

Worldwide Name pate

(Except Europe)
To ensure that the compressor operates
smoothly, be careful to respect the indications
written on the name plate located on top of th

-4-
1-Product description - Magnetic clutch
Magnetic clutch
VALEO TM43 is available either as a compressor and magnetic clutch assembly or as a compressor body that
customers can fit with compatible magnetic clutches. The magnetic clutch design Valeo has been promoting
for more than 20 years is now gradually adopted by major market actors.

Our compressors and magnetic clutches have successfully passed the thousand hours of long validation tests
in Valeo Compressors research center laboratory. Operational excellence was demonstrated during hot season
testing on field under challenging climates in the most stressful conditions.

Being able to rely on our robust magnetic clutch provides the best way to reduce fuel consumption without
using additional unloading devices that decrease significantly the efficiency and durability of the compressor.
The range of Valeo magnetic clutches ensures an unmatched reliability and the longest durability that perfectly
matches the Valeo TM43 compressor qualities.

Specifications TM43*

TYPE Electromagnetic single-plate dry clutch

RATED VOLTAGE 12V DC 24V DC
POWER CONSUMPTION 41W max 39 W max
STATIC TORQUE 120 N·m {12.2 kgf·m, 88.5 lbf·ft}
DIRECTION OF ROTATION Clockwise, viewed from clutch
WEIGHT Approx 7 kg {15.4 lbs}
V-BELT TYPE V-groove B or V-ribbed (PK)

Valeo TM43 magnetic clutch Compact

and robust design Housing mounted magnetic clutch.
Improved robustness to vibration

Bearing and pulley positionned to

reduce efficiently the moment of tilt
Single level or multi-level pulleys

*The specifications may vary with the compressor.

Please also note that the maintenance procedures introduced in this service manual apply only to magnetic
clutches provided by Valeo.

-5-
1-Product description - Connectors
Connectors
1. Fully open the shut-off valve when operating the compressor
• Unscrew the cap.
• Loose the valve spindle lock nut by 1/4 turn.
• Turn the spindle in the counterclockwise direction until it stops.

The shut-off valve is now fully opened and the service port connector is closed.

• When finished, tighten the valve spindle lock nut carefully and reinstall the cap.

1 1 Valve spindle lock nut

4 2 2 Cap
3 Spindle
3 4 Service port connector
5 Safety devices port

2. Open the service port connector when using a gauge manifold

• Turn the spindle in the clockwise direction by 1/2 turn to 1 turn.

The shut-off valve and the service port connector are now opened.

1
4 2 1 Valve spindle lock nut
2 Cap
3 3 Spindle
4 Service port connector
5 Safety devices port
5

3. Fully close the shut-off valve when removing the compressor

• Turn the spindle in the clockwise direction until it stops.

1
4
2 1 Valve spindle lock nut
2 Cap

3 3 Spindle
4 Service port connector
5 Safety devices port
5

-6-
1-Product description - Connectors
Flexible Port Design
The design of TM43 has been developped to adapt
any kind of air conditioning system specifications to
optimize mounting position.

ADVICE
Valeo Compressors recommends the
following hose sizes:
INTERNAL DIAMETER
Suction:
Ø 35 mm - 1-3/8 inch
Discharge:
Ø 28 mm - 1-1/8 inch
The standard installation is as following: one suction
connector and one discharge connector attached on
the compressor. The remaining ports are sealed with
2 metal caps.
The strainer should be installed in the suction port
before attaching the suction connector.
TM43 allows more installation configurations:
• 2 suction ports and 2 discharge ports can be
used with 4 connectors in total.
• 2 suction ports and 1 discharge port with 3 con-
nectors in total.
A strainer should be installed on each of the suction
ports. Valeo can provide additional connectors and
strainers. Please contact your sales representative.

CAUTION!
Metal cap Plastic caps are intended for transport only.
Do not use the plastic caps for compressor
operation.

Metal caps are designed to seal the ports

which are not connected to the A/C system
Plastic cap while the compresor is in operation.

Tightening torques for connectors and for metal

caps are:
• Connectors: 25 - 32 N·m
• Metal caps: 15 - 25 N·m
The gasket should be used with the connectors and
the metal caps with a O-ring.

-7-
1-Product description - Performance
The performance data below were measured under the following conditions:
• Compressor speed: 1450 rpm
• Subcooling temperature: 5°C
• Super heat temperature: 20°C

Valeo TM43 performance data (R134a)

Cooling capacity Q (kW) & Power consumption P (kW)

Conditions Evaporating Temperature (°C)
-10 -5 0 5 10 12.5
Condensing
Pd
Temperature Ps (MPaG)
(MPaG)
(°C)
0.10 0.15 0.19 0.24 0.32 0.35
Q (kW) 10.72 14.83 17.36 21.62 28.36 31.36
40 0.91
P (kW) 4.08 4.57 4.92 5.28 5.72 5.88
Q (kW) 9.23 12.47 15.12 18.52 23.96 26.00
50 1.21
P (kW) 4.41 5.03 5.46 5.91 6.51 6.68
Q (kW) 7.79 10.68 12.99 16.00 20.93 22.67
60 1.58
P (kW) 4.69 5.43 5.94 6.49 7.26 7.48

Valeo TM43 conversion factors

Cooling Capacity and power consumption data at different rotation speed can be approximated with
the conversion factors below.

3.0

P
Conversion factors

2.5

2.0
Q
1.5

1.0

0.5

0.0
0 1000 1450 2000 3000 4000 5000

Compressor speed (rpm)

-8-
1-Product description - Dimensions

Approx. 319

133.3
ø156
ø146
ø160

ø150
138
69

112
73.54 132 12-M12x1.75Dp.26
Sight glass

CB104 CA104

500
(From
Field Coil)

-9-
 1-Product description - Dimensions
TM43 compressors without magnetic clutch

15˚ 31.1 57.54 20.5 91

133.8
1.6

4-M6x1.0,Dp.13
PCDø90

ø156
ø42.35
138

ø45
ø55

138
69
69

ø17

ø32
.6
27

12-M12x1.75Dp.26
8-ø

13
133 (66) (66)
57.54 132
4-ø27
164 247.6

261.

91

56 56
20.5 28 28 20.5

-10-
1-Product description - Exploded view

1. Center bolt 19. O-Ring 37. Oil plug

2. Armature assembly 20. Plate
3. Adjusting shim 21. Plate
4. Snap ring 22. Bolt
5. Pulley assembly 23. 0-Ring
6. Screw 24. Oil filler plug
7. Field coil 25. Strainer
8. Bolt 26. Gasket
9. Gasket 27. Connector
10. Front cylinder head 28. Gasket
11. Shaft seal assembly 29. Bolt
12. O-Ring 30. Sight glass
13. Gasket 31. Snap ring
14. Valve plate assembly 32. Valve pate assembly
15. Suction valve 33. Gasket
16. Pin 34. Gear pump
17. Bolt 35. Rear cylinder head
18. Cylinder shaft assembly 36. O-Ring

-11-
1-Product description - Swash plate system
Valeo TM43 is a 10-cylinder swash plate type Swash plate system
compressor. With this type of compressor, the The drive shaft, which is driven by the engine
cylinders and pistons are arranged axially along the through the magnetic clutch, is equipped with a
drive shaft. swash plate.
The pistons operate within the cylinders and The drive shaft is supported by two radial bearings
are driven by a swash plate to perform suction, and two thrust bearings.
compression and discharge. The swash plate is rotated by the drive shaft, and
moves the pistons back and forth.

Drive shaft Radial bearing Thrust bearings Swash plate Piston Radial bearing

Piston Drive System

Radial bearing The pistons in the cylinders are mounted on the
swash plate through hemispherical shoes.
Each piston has a compression head at each end.
Swash plate rotation results in a reciprocating
piston movement parallel to the drive shaft.
The cylinders, which are arranged at 72° intervals
around the drive shaft, are each divided into 2
Thrust bearing chambers, providing 5 front and 5 rear bores.
As each piston performs suction and compression
at either end, the compressor operates as a
Suction Suction 10-cylinder compressor.

Compression Compression

Piston Shoe

-12-
1-Product description - Lubrication
The compressor is lubricated by a gear pump in the rear cylinder head which is connected to the compressor.

Oil flow
When the compressor starts operating, the gear pump draws oil from the reservoir and pumps it through
an oil passage in the shaft.
The oil then flows through ports in the shaft to lubricate the bearings and the shaft seal.

The area between the swash plate and the shoe disks is lubricated by the splashing action of the oil flowing
through the thrust bearings.
Oil also flows through ports in the pistons to lubricate the cylinders and the pistons.

Drive shaft Shaft seal Swash plate Radial bearing

Gear pump

Oil passage

Radial bearing Reservoir Sight glass Thrust bearing Oil passage

-13-
1-Product description - General
Compressor
1. The direction of rotation is clockwise as viewed
from the clutch side.
2. The standard compressor oil charge is specified
for passenger vehicles and truck air conditioners,
and the oil quantity differs depending on the
type of compressor. Please refer to the label on
the compressor.

Operation condition table

Item Condition 3. The compressor must be operated under the
conditions shown in the operation conditions
Surrounding table shown on the left.
Under 100°C (212°F)
temperature
Minimum: 600 r/min CAUTION!
Speed Maximum: 5500 r/min The A/C cycle components must be
Continuous: 5000 r/min designed so that the pressure in the cycle
Maximum: 2.65 MPaG does not exceed 2.65 MPaG {28 kgf/cm2,
Pressure 384.3 psig}
{28 kgf/cm², 384.3 psig}

15˚ 15˚ 4. Inclination limit at installation

Valeo recommends the compressor to be
installed on the vehicle within the inclination
range shown on the left.
Front head leaning is prohibited.

5˚
Compressor mounting points
The compressor’s mounting points should be
tightened to the specified torque:
Specified torque: 45 ~ 50 N·m
{4.6 ~ 5.1 kgf·m, 33.2 ~ 36.9 lbf·ft}

Compressor bracket
1. Install the bracket securely on the chassis
frame or engine body. As the engine vibrations
may be severe, the bracket and mounting
bolts must be installed securely.
2. Vibration resistance
There must not be any resonance under 250
Hz.

-14-
1-Product description - General
Magnetic clutch
1. Voltage
DC 24 V
The terminal voltage of the magnetic clutch
must exceed 21 V.
DC 12 V
The terminal voltage of the magnetic clutch
must exceed 10.5 V.

1 mm 2. Ratio of magnetic clutch to drive pulley

• When the compressor is driven from the pulley
Magnetic clutch drive of the vehicle, the magnetic clutch to drive
pulley ratio should avoid the range 1: 0.92-1.08
to limit vibration and resonance.
Idle pulley • Compressor speed must not exceed the specified
speed.

Drive pulley CAUTION!

Pulley ratio is the ratio of the magnetic
clutch diameter to the drive pulley diameter.

3. Pulley alignment tolerance is less than 1mm

(0.04 in).
4. Pulley groove: V-groove or V-ribbed.
5. The belt tension must be adjusted to the tension
specified by the belt maker.

-15-
2-Operation precautions
1. During the off season of the air conditioner,
operate the compressor for a few minutes once
a week.
2. Do not drive through water. Water may damage
the magnetic clutch, thus preventing normal
operation.

3. Do not wet a compressor that has not been used

for a long period.
4. Always charge the A/C system with the specified
quantity of refrigerant.
5. Keep the compressor clear of water projection
while cleaning the vehicule.

-16-
3-Handling instructions
Maintenance precautions
Work area
As the components of air conditioners are particularly
sensitive to moisture, dirt and rust, always observe
the following :
• Work indoors whenever possible
• Select a flat ground work area
• Keep the work area clean
• Select a work area with adequate ventilation.

CAUTION!
Refrigerant itself is not harmful, but
excessive accumulation in a closed area can
cause oxygen deficiency.

• Keep open flame and inflammables away from

the vehicle in which the air conditioner is being
installed.
(Fire is particularly dangerous during the gas
leak inspection following installation)

WARNING!
Safety glasses Contact with flame and high temperatures
can generate toxic gases.
Gloves
Refrigerant handling
WARNING!
Direct contact with refrigerant can cause
frostbite or blindness.
Always wear safety glasses and protective
gloves.
Do not work with refrigerant close to your
face.

1. Do not misidentify refrigerants

If an HFC-134a air conditioning system is mistakenly
charged with another refrigerant, serious problems
such as compressor seizing may occur. Therefore,
confirm before charging with refrigerant that the
type of air conditioning system is an HFC-134a
system.

-17-
3-Handling instruction
Do not release refrigerant into 2. Do not release refrigerant into the air
the air Although HFC-134a is not subject to CFC regulations,
it can have effect on global warming and so should
FILL
not be released into the air. When removing
refrigerant from the air conditioning system, always
AUTO

use a refrigerant recovery unit made specifically for

HFC-134a.

Compressor handling
Recovery unit Do not strike or unnecessarily turn the compressor
upside down. If the compressor is knocked over or
turned upside down during handling or installation,
rotate the armature plate 5 or 6 times by to circulate
the oil.
Otherwise, oil in the cylinder duing compressor start-
up will cause valve damage and reduce durability.

Compressor removal
When the compressor is operational
1. Perform the oil return operation (see p.19).
2. Recover the refrigerant from the system using a
refrigerant recovery unit.
3. Remove the compressor.
4. Drain the oil from the compressor and close all
open connections immediately.
5. Check the oil quantity and the degree of
contamination (see p.19 & 20).

When the compressor is inoperable

1. Recover the refrigerant from the system using
a refrigerant recovery unit if the shut-off valves
are to be removed with the compressor.
2. Remove the compressor.
3. Drain the oil from the compressor and close all
open connections immediately.
4. Check the oil quantity and the degree of
contamination (see p.19 & 20).

-18-
3-Handling instructions
Oil return operation
Compressor oil mixed with refrigerant is circulating
in the air conditioning system.
Perform the oil return operation to return this oil to
the compressor before removing components from
the system.
1. Open the doors and windows and operate the
blower motor at maximum speed.
2. Operate the vehicle engine at idling during at
least 20 minutes.
Note: The maximum amount of oil cannot be
recovered at higher speeds. This operation also
requires a warm ambient temperature.

Oil handling
Oil specification
Use PAG46 or POE SE55.

Oil quantity inspection

There is no particular need for frequent inspection or
replacement, although it is recommended to check
operating refrigerent pressures and oil levels at the
start of the season.
Please replace the refrigerant and restore the system
oil and refrigerant charge to factory specifications if:
• the AC system is opened for repair or replacement
of any component (e.g.: evaporator, condenser
or receiver drier)
• any loss of charge - refrigerant or oil - is detected.

As long as it remains within the range of vision

through the sight glass, the oil quantity is sufficient Oil level can be read through the sight glass of he
compressor (see on the left).

Do not mix with other oils Handling precautions

1. The oil must be free from dust, metal filings, etc.
2. Do not mix oils.
3. The moisture content must not exceed 1,000
ppm. (PAG oil only)
4. The oil easily absorbs moisture when the
container is open. Therefore always seal the
container immediately after use. (PAG oil only)

Cap the container immediately

-19-
3-Handling instructions
•
•
Opacity
Color change
Oil contamination
• Foreign substances Unlike engine oil, no cleaning agent is added to
• Metal filings the compressor oil. Even if the compressor is run
for a long period (approximately 1 season), the oil
never becomes turbid as long as there is nothing
wrong with the compressor or its method of use.
Inspect the extracted oil for any of the following.
• Increased opacity of the oil.
• Color change to red.
• Presence of foreign matter, metal filings, etc.

WARNING!
When system (oil) contamination is
found during compressor replacement,
flush the A/C system with a fluid that
meets SAE J2670 and replace the drier (or
accumulator).

Oil check
The compressor oil must be checked as follows
when being charged into a used system.
1. Perform the oil return operation (see page
19).
2. Remove the compressor from the vehicle.
Oil filler plug
3. Remove the oil filler plug and drain the oil
Charge specified quantity
through the oil filler plug and the high and
of compressor oil low pressure connectors.
4. Check the oil for contamination.
5. Fill the compressor with the specified amount
of oil through the oil filler plug (see page 21).
O-ring

-20-
3-Handling instructions
unit: cm3 & cc
Current
Compressor is CAUTION!
Compressor
is kept
replaced The specified oil quantity differs, depending
on the type of air conditioning system. A
Amount label describing the specified quantity is
Factory
oil
Amount Charging to remove attached to the compressor.
recovered amount from new Additionally, all of the oil cannot be removed
charge
compressor when draining the compressor, as some
remains as an oil film on the inside of the
500 or Same as 800-(amount compressor and the system components.
more recovered recovered+20)
800
Therefore, refer to the table on the left
when recharging the compressor with oil.
Under
500 300 Excess oil adversely affects the cooling
500
capacity and the compressor.
unit: cu in
Current
Compressor is
Compressor
replaced
is kept

Amount
Factory
Amount Charging to remove
oil
recovered amount from new 6. Install the oil filler plug and tighten it to the
charge
compressor specified torque.
Specified torque: 15 ~ 18 N·m
30.5 or Same as 48.8-(amount {1.5 ~ 1.8 kgf·m, 11 ~ 13 lbf·ft}
more recovered recovered+1.2)
48.8
Under
CAUTION!
30.5 18.3 The oil filler plug O-ring must be replaced
30.5
with a new one.

Replacement of components
When replacing the system’s component parts,
200cm (12.2cu in)
3
120cm (7.3cu in)
3 supply the following amount of oil to the
compressor.
Component mounted Amount of oil
Evaporator 200 cm3 (12.2 cu in)
Condenser 120 cm3 (7.3 cu in)
Receiver drier 60 cm3 (3.7 cu in)
Pipe or hose 60 cm3 (3.7 cu in)
60cm3 (3.7cu in)
After installing these component parts, check the
compressor oil. (See p.21).

-21-
3-Handling instructions
High pressure connector
Low pressure
Running-in operation
connector
Whenever moving parts have been replaced, it is
O-ring necessary to run-in both the compressor and the
magnetic clutch.

Compressor running-in
Reassembled compressors must be run-in after the
leak test (see next page).
Flexible hose 1. Check that the compressor contains the
specified amount of oil.
2. Install the compressor on the test bench.
3. Install the high and low pressure connectors
(Z0011222) to the ports and tighten the bolts
to the specified torque.
Specified torque: 25 ~ 32 N·m
{2.5 ~ 3.3 kgf·m, 18 ~ 24 lbf·ft}
4. Connect the two connector ports using a flex-
ible hose.
O-ring
5. Run the compressor at 1,000 rpm for at least
30 minutes.
6. Replace the oil.
7. Repeat the leak test.

CAUTION!
While the compressor is being run-in in step
5 above, check the outside temperature of
the front head. If the temperature exceeds
80°C (176°F), stop the running-in operation.
Resume the operation when the head has
cooled.

Magnetic clutch running-in

1. Install the clutch on the compressor.
2. Install the compressor on the test bench, and
operate the compressor by running the sys-
tem.
3. Maintain the compressor speed at 500 rpm.
Operate the A/C switch through the ON/OFF
cycle at least 50 times (“ON” for 10 seconds
ON and “OFF”for 10 seconds).
OFF (50 times)

-22-
3-Handling instructions
Leak test
The compressor must be checked for refrigerant
leaks after it is repaired. The procedure is as
follows.
1. Fit plates to the suction and discharge
connections, and tighten it to the specified
torque.
Specified torque: 25 ~ 32 N·m
{2.5 ~ 3.3 kgf·m, 18 ~ 24 lbf·ft}
2. Fill the compressor with refrigerant through
the suction side, rising the refrigerant pressure
to at least 0.39 MPaG {5 kgf/cm2, 56.3 psig}.
3. Check the compressor for leaks using a leak
detector.

Gas leak detector

597001-1020

Refrigerant charging
In order to prevent a liquid charge and greatly
increase risks of compressor dammage, do not
shake or turn the refrigerant bottle upside down.

Storing a repaired compressor

If it is necessary to store a repaired compressor
FRAG
IL E
for some time before installation, evacuate the
UP

compressor and fill it with dry nitrogen gas through

FRA
GIL
g the suction fitting to raise the pressure to 49 ~ 150
nin
E

Par UP
d i tio or kPa {0.5 ~ 1.5 kgf/cm2, 7.1 ~ 21 psi}.
Con ress
t
No s
.

Air omp
C DE
IN
JAPA
N

, MA
ww Ltd
w.v Co
a pan
leo J a
com EO
pre VAL
sso
rs.c
om

-23-
4-Troubleshooting
Compressor troubleshooting
When a problem occurs during the compressor operation, it is often difficult to pinpoint exact the cause
of the malfunction.
As long as the compressor maintenance is done correctly, there should not be any problem throughout
the whole vehicle life, but should it happen, we hope this troubleshooting can help you solve the issue
efficiently.

Below are listed most of the issues you may encounter while the A/C is ON.
Please refer to the compressor troubleshooting tree to localize the malfunction symptom, then look at the
table (p.25-26) for the appropriate counter measure.

Most of the malfunction symptoms can be classified in the following categories:

1. Insufficient cooling capacity
2. Abnormal noise
3. Smoke

In case of insufficient cooling capacity, we recommend that you prepare a gauge manifold to measure the
pressure of both discharge and suction sides (for a detailed diagnosis by gauge pressure, see p.27-28).

Compressor troubleshooting tree

1. Insufficient cooling capacity A. Compressor is not running

B. Compressor is running

C. Compressor runs intermittently

2. Abnormal noise A. Abnormal noise from compressor

B. Abnormal noise from magnetic clutch

C. Belt slipping noise

3. Smoke A. Magnetic clutch friction surface slipping

B. Magnetic clutch belt slipping

C. Smoke from magnetic clutch

D. Smoke from compressor

-24-
4-Troubleshooting
1. Insufficient cooling capacity
Issue Symptom Possible cause Measure
Compressor is Magnetic clutch slips when Compressor internal part
Replace the compressor
not running turning on the A/C switch damage
(No cool blow Fix the refrigerant leakage
coming out) Low pressure cut switch
Refrigerant shortage then fill with refrigerant until
operates (see p.27-28)
reaching the right amount

The magnetic clutch slips or Lead wire short circuit or

Replace the lead wire if it is
does not engage when the wiring connector not seated
defective
compressor runs properly
Repair or replace the
Magnetic clutch damage
magnetic clutch
A Magnetic clutch air gap too Adjust air gap or replace
wide magnetic clutch
Low magnetic clutch voltage Check the voltage of battery
The magnetic clutch engages
Replace the compressor if it
but the armature does not Belt slipping
is locked
rotate

Compressor internal part

Replace the compressor or
Belt run off the pulley damage or magnetic clutch
the magnetic clutch
damage
Center bolt is loose / Center Bolt drop off/ Armature drop
Replace magnetic clutch
bolt is missing off

Compressor is Compressor is running

Poor compression Replace the compressor
running normally
(No cool blow
No difference of temperature Fix the refrigerant leakage
coming out)
between discharge side and Refrigerant shortage then fill with refrigerant until
suction side (see p.27-28) reaching the right amount

The magnetic clutch slips or Check the voltage of battery

Magnetic clutch friction
does not engage when the or replace the magnetic
surface slipping
B compressor is running clutch
Loose connection of the Replace the magnetic
magnetic clutch electrical clutch after making sure it is
circuit defective
Belt slipping Magnetic clutch belt slipping Belt tension readjustment
Replace the thermostatic
The magnetic clutch does Defective thermostatic
switch after making sure it is
not engage switch
defective
Compressor Reduce the refrigerant
Both discharge and suction
runs Excess of refrigerant charge until reaching the
pressures are high
intermittently right amount
(Cool blow
comes out only Replace the condenser after
Condenser fan failure
from time to making sure it is defective
C time) The magnetic clutch slips or Loose connection of the Replace the magnetic
does not engage when the magnetic clutch electrical clutch after making sure it is
compressor is running circuit defective
Replace the thermostatic
The magnetic clutch does Defective thermostatic
switch after making sure it is
not engage switch
defective

-25-
4-Troubleshooting
2. Abnormal noise
Issue Symptom Possible cause Measure
Abnormal Abnormal vibration after Compressor installation bolt Increase tightening torque of
noise from the turning on the A/C switch is loose the loose bolts
compressor
Wide gap at the attaching
Improve the compressor
A portion between the
attaching portion
compressor and the bracket
Abnormal noise from the Compressor body internal
Replace the compressor
compressor body component damage

Abnormal The magnetic clutch has a

Magnetic clutch damage Replace the magnetic clutch
noise from the backlash and slips
magnetic clutch Strange noise when the Adjust air gap or replace
Air gap too wide
B magnetic clutch engages magnetic clutch
Armature slips / does
Magnetic clutch friction, Check the voltage of battery
not engage when the
slippery surface or replace magnetic clutch
compressor is running

Armature does not rotate Replace the compressor if

Belt slipping
C noise when magnetic clutch Belt slipping locked. Readjust the belt
engages tension if the belt is loose

3. Smoke
Issue Symptom Possible cause Measure
Magnetic The magnetic clutch slips /
Magnetic clutch air gap too Adjust air gap or replace
clutch friction does not engage when the
wide magnetic clutch
surface slipping compressor is running
A
Low magnetic clutch voltage Check the voltage of battery
Magnetic clutch friction, Clean friction surface or
greasy surface replace magnetic clutch

Magnetic The magnetic clutch slips /

Adjust the compressor
clutch belt does not engage when the Belt alignment is not correct
installation position
slipping compressor is running
B Magnetic clutch belt is
Clean or replace the belt
greasy
Magnetic clutch belt tension
Adjust belt tension
is loose

Smoke from
The magnetic clutch does
C the magnetic not engage
Coil open or shorted Replace the magnetic clutch
clutch

Refrigerant leaking, Fix the refrigerant leakage

Smoke from Refrigerant / oil is blowing
uncoupled piping or piping then fill with refrigerant until
the compressor out
burst having the right amount
D
Refrigerant blowing from Reduce the refrigerant
the high pressure relief valve charge until reaching the
due to excess of refrigerant right amount

-26-
4-Troubleshooting
A/C cycle diagnosis by gauge pressure
Following is a diagnosis procedure to connect gauge manifold to A/C cycle, measure suction and
discharge pressures and analyze the defects of the cycle.

Operation conditions of the A/C cycle for pressure mesuring:

1. Ambient temperature: 30 - 35 °C
2. Engine speed: 1,500 rpm
3. A/C switch: ON
4. Blower speed: high
5. Temperature control: full cold

Gauge pressure Cause Confirmation method Action to take

indication
Pressure is normal A/C cycle operates normally.
If there is any defect (poor cooling performance), there shall be another
cause
Discharge pressure: around 1.0 - 1.7 Mpa (10 - 17 kgf/cm²)
Suction pressure: around 0.13 - 0.20 Mpa (1.3 - 2.0 kgf/cm²)

Both discharge and Refrigerant shortage Connect gauge Recover refrigerant,

suction pressures are manifold to cycle then refill with the
low right amount of
refrigerant
Suction pressure
becomes vacuum Receiver dryer is Temperature difference Replace parts
clogged between inlet and
outlet pipes happens.
Dryer is covered with
frost
Expansion valve is Expansion valve was Clean or replace part
clogged covered with frost
Enclosure leakage from Outlet side of the Replace part
the Expansion valve’s Expansion valve is not
temperature sensing cooling.
tube. (Low side of gauge
(Expansion valve indicates vacuum)
operates to close the
valve opening)
Temperature sensing Evaporator becomes Adjust or replace the
device at outlet air is frozen up part
defective
Refrigerant piping is If any part between Adjust or replace the
clogged or crashed the dryer and the part
compressor is clogged
or crashed, the low
side pressure becomes
vacuum

-27-
4-Troubleshooting
Gauge pressure Cause Confirmation method Action to take
indication
Both discharge and Excess of refrigerant Connect gauge Recover refrigerant,
suction pressures are manifold to cycle then refill with the
high right amount of
refrigerant
Condenser cooling Condenser becomes Clean up, hand repair
malfunction muddy and fins are of fin and replacement
clogged and collapsed.
Defect of cooling fan
rotation.
Malfunction of fan
motor for condenser.
Misaligned Expansion Defective refrigerant Adjustment or
valve or thermal flow control, the replacement
sensing tube of the thermal sensing tube
Expansion valve is not is not closely in contact
fit on regularly. with the evaporator
(Excess opening of the pipe
Expansion valve)
Air mixed in Just after compressor Evacuate air from cycle,
refrigeration cycle stops, discharge the charge with the
pressure will come adequate amount of
down immediately to refrigerant
0.29 - 0.39 MPa (3 - 4
kgf/cm²)
Discharge pressure Refrigerant cycle is Appreciable Clean up inside the
is high and suction clogged between temperature difference cycle or replace the
pressure is low compressor and at the clogged location part
condenser
Discharge pressure Defect of the Discharge and suction Replace the compressor
is low and suction compressor valve or pressures balance
pressure is high gasket immediately after the
compressor stops.
(Defective compression
of compressor)

-28-
5-Tightening torques

6
2 4

Unit: N·m {kgf·m, lbf·ft}

Part Thread size Tightening torque
1. Bolt M10 x 1.25 25 - 30 (2.5 - 3.1, 18 - 22)
2. Field coil screw M6 x 1.0 4.2 - 7.2 (0.4 - 0.7, 3.1 - 5.3)
3. Oil plug M10 x 1.5 13 - 15 (1.3 - 1.5, 9.6 - 11)
4. Bolt M10 x 1.5 15 - 25 (1.5 - 2.5, 11 - 18)
5. Oil filler plug M10 x 1.5 15 - 18 (1.5 - 1.8, 11 - 13)
6. Connector fixing bolt M10 x 1.5 25 - 32 (2.5 - 3.3, 18 - 24)

-29-
6-Service procedures - Magnetic clutch
Magnetic clutch
Removal
1. Check your armature type (see on left):
• 3-hole type (1)
• 2-way stopper type (2)

3-hole type (1) 2-way stopper type (2)

CAUTION!
The Procedure applies to Valeo standard
magnetic clutches only.
It may differ with other compatible
magnetic clutches, please refer to the
clutch maker’s service procedures.
Armature
2. Remove the armature.
holder
CAUTION!
The armature removal process differs
according to the armature type

• If it is a 3-hole type armature (1)

a. Remove the center bolt using an armature
holder to prevent armature assembly rotation.

Armature b. Remove the armature assembly using an

puller armature puller assembly. Remove the shims
from the compressor driveshaft or armature
assembly.

• If it is a 2-way stopper type armature (2)

a. Remove the center bolt using a spanner to
prevent armature assembly rotation.

Spanner

-30-
6-Service procedures - Magnetic clutch
b. Remove the armature assembly using an
Armature puller armature puller. Remove the shims from the
compressor driveshaft or armature assembly.

3. Remove the snap ring (5803301900) using

External snap
ring pliers external snap ring pliers.

Snap ring

4. Position the center pulley puller at the end of

the driveshaft.
Center pulley 5. Attach a suitable pulley puller to the pulley.
puller Hook the puller claws to the edge of the
Pulley puller
pulley as shown.
6. Tighten the center pulley puller bolt to remove
the pulley.

7. Remove the six field coil/compressor screws.

Then remove the field coil.
WARNING!
Removing the pulley will systematically
damage the pulley bearing.

CAUTION!
Do not clip the puller claws into the pulley
groove to prevent pulley groove damage.

CAUTION!
Do not hold the field coil by the harness.

-31-
6- Service procedures - Magnetic clutch
Magnetic clutch
Inspection
1. If the contact surface has been damaged by
excessive heat, the armature and pulley must
be replaced.
2. Check the appearance of the pulley assembly.
If the contact surface of the pulley is
excessively grooved due to slippage, both the
Armature assembly Pulley assembly Field coil pulley and the armature must be replaced.
The contact surface of the pulley assembly
must be cleaned with a suitable solvent
before reinstallation.
Check the field coil for a loose connector or
cracked insulation.

Screws Installation
1. Install the field coil on the compressor (with
the harness on top) and tighten the mounting
screws to the specified torque.
Specified torque: 4.2 ~ 7.2 N·m
{0.4 ~0.7 kgf·m, 3.1 ~ 5.3 lbf·ft}

2. Carefully place the wire harness/strain relief.

Field coil
• If you are using a press*
Pulley assembly
Press Pulley Installer 3. Install the pulley assembly using the pulley
installer and a hand press.

CAUTION!
Use only a press to install the pulley
assembly. Do not use a hammer. A hammer
will damage or deform the pulley.

4. Install the snap ring (beveled edge up) using

external snap ring pliers.
Snap ring

External snap
ring pliers

* if not using a press p.34

-32-
6- Service procedures - Magnetic clutch
3-hole 5. Install the armature assembly on the driveshaft
Armature
armature (1)
holder together with the original shim(s). Press the
armature assembly down by hand.
6. Install the armature bolt and tighten it to the
Adjusting specified torque using an armature holder
shim (for 3-hole armature) or a spanner (for 2-way
stopper armature) to prevent armature
assembly rotation.
Specified torque: 25 ~ 30 N·m
{2.5 ~ 3.1 kgf·m, 18 ~ 22 lbf·ft}

2-way stopper
armature (2) Spanner

Adjusting
shim

Gap adjustment
0.3~0.7 mm
7. Check that the clutch clearance is as specified.
If necessary adjust the clearance using shim(s).

Adjusting shims are available in the following

thickness:
Shim Part No Thickness
Thickness
Z0010245 0.2 mm {0.008 in}
gauge Z0010246 0.3 mm {0.012 in}
Specified clearance: 0.3 ~ 0.7 mm
(0.01 ~ 0.027 in)
8. Run-in the clutch as described on page 22.

-33-
6- Service procedures - Magnetic clutch
• If you are not using a press
3. Install the pulley using a pulley installer assembly
and a spanner.

CAUTION!
If the bolt of the pulley installer assembly
is not screwed into the driveshaft, it may
result in damage.

4. Once the pulley is fixed, loose the collar and

remove the pulley installer assembly.

5. Install the snap ring (beveled edge up) using

external snap ring pliers.

Snap ring

External snap
ring pliers

-34-
6- Service procedures - Magnetic clutch
3-hole armature 2-way stopper armature 6. Install the armature assembly on the driveshaft
together with the original shim(s).

Adjusting
shims

3-hole armature 2-way stopper armature 7. Install the armature assembly using an
armature installer assembly.
Armature
installer
assembly

3-hole armature 2-way stopper armature 8. Install the armature bolt and tighten to the
specified torque using an armature holder
Armature Spanner
holder or a spanner to prevent armature assembly
rotation.
Specified torque: 25 - 30 N·m
{2.5 - 3.1 kgf·m, 18 - 22 lbf·ft}

9. Check that the clutch clearance is as specified.

If necessary adjust the clearance using shim(s).
Gap adjustment
0.3~0.7 mm Adjusting shims are available in the following
thicknesses:
Shim Part No. Thickness
Z0010245 0.2 mm {0.008 in}
Z0010246 0.3 mm {0.012 in}

Specified clearance: 0.3 - 0.7 mm

Thickness {0.012 - 0.028 in}
gauge
10. Run in the clutch as described on page 22.

-35-
6- Services procedures - Shaft seal assembly
Inspection
The shaft seal must not be reused.
Always use a new shaft seal when reassembling
the compressor. Ensure that the seal seat is free
from lint and dirt that could damage the shaft
seal lip.

Press using a press

Installation
1. Clean the portion of the front cylinder head
Remover
where the shaft seal is to be assembled.
2. Assemble the shaft seal on the remover.
Shaft seal 3. Coat the shaft seal well with compressor oil
and install the shaft seal in the front cylinder
head with the shaft seal remover.
Front cylinder head
4. Install the snap ring using the internal snap
ring pliers.

Front cylinder head 5. Position the guide on the shaft.

6. Coat the new O-ring with clean compressor oil
O-ring
and install it in the front cylinder head.
7. Install the front cylinder head.
Guide

CAUTION!
Align the roll pins and tap the head light-
ly and evenly with a plastic hammer.

8. Remove the guide.

9. Install the five bolts from the front cylinder

head side and tighten them to the specified
torque.
Specified torque: 25 ~ 32 N·m
{2.5 ~ 3.2 kgf·m, 18 ~ 24 lbf·ft}
Tighten each bolt gradually (in three or more
stages) to ensure the specified torque.
10. Turn the drive shaft 2 ~ 3 times by hand to
ensure that the shaft rotates smoothly.

-36-
VALEO JAPAN - TM43
for HFC-134a use
SERVICE MANUAL
Version: WW27-17006.01EN
Published by: VALEO JAPAN CO, LTD.

Copyright © 2017, VALEO JAPAN CO, LTD.

For any inquiry regarding the present service manual,

contact us at vc-oura-sales@valeo.com

-37-
 Valeo TM43 Compressor

Valeo TM43 Benefits

High reliability
Integration flexibility
Great cooling capacity
Enhanced performance
Lower fuel consumption
Compact & robust design
Improved field serviceability
Reduced noise and vibrations
Staggering value through innovation

Asia China Europe, Middle East & Africa Americas

39 Sendai, Kumagaya-shi No.2677 Shiji Avenue, Eco. & Tec. Dvt ul. Bestwinska 2520 Esters Blvd #100
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Phone: +81 (0) 48 539 3800 Phone: +86 (0) 431 8499 2025 Phone: +48 (0) 3273 79 775 Phone: +1 972 456 1077
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-38-
Copyright © 2017 Valeo Japan CO., LTD. | All Rights Reserved.