Tut 1

HET124/DEE2143 Energy and Motion; Semester 2, 2010 Textbook: Chapter 2
Tutorial 1: Motion in a Straight Line

Problem 1
An automobile travels on a straight road for 40 km at 30 km/h. It then continues
in the same direction for another 40 km at 60 km/h. (a) What is the average
velocity of the car during this 80 km trip?(Assume that it moves in the positive x
direction. (b) What is the average speed? (c) Graph1 x versus t and indicate how
the average velocity is found on the graph.
Problem 2
During a hard sneeze your eyes might shut for 0.50 s. If you are driving a car at
90 km/h during such a sneeze, how far does the car move during that time?
Problem 3
The position of an object moving along an x axis is given by x = 3t − 4t2 + t3 ,
where x is in meters and t in seconds. Find the position of the object at the
following values of t: (a) 1 s, (b) 2 s, (c) 3 s, and (d) 4 s. (e) What is the object’s
displacement between t = 0 and t = 4 s? (f) What is its average velocity for the
time interval from t = 2 s and t = 4 s? (g) Graph x versus t for 0 ≤ t ≤ 4 s and
indicate how the answer for (f) can be found on the graph.
Problem 4
An electron moving along the x axis has a position given by x = 16te−t m, where
t is in seconds. How far is the electron from the origin when it momentarily stops?
Problem 5
The position of a particle moving along the x axis is given in centimeters by
x = 9.75 + 1.50t3 , where t is in seconds. Calculate (a) the average velocity during
the time interval t = 2.00 s to t = 3.00 s; (b) the instantaneous velocity at t =
2.00 s; (c) the instantaneous velocity at t = 3.00 s; (d) the instantaneous velocity
at t = 2.50 s; and (e) the instantaneous velocity when the particle is midway
between its positions at t = 2.00 s and t = 3.00 s. (f) Graph x versus t and
indicate your answers graphically.
Problem 6
At a certain time a particle had a speed of 18 m/s in the positive x direction, and
2.4 s later its speed was 30 m/s in the opposite direction. What is the average
acceleration of the particle during this 2.4 s interval?
Problem 7
From t = 0 to t = 5.00 min, a man stands still, and from t = 5.00 min to t =
10.0 min, he walks briskly in a straight line at a constant speed of 2.20 m/s. What
are (a) his average velocity vavg and (b) his average acceleration aavg in the time
interval 2.00 min to 8.00 min? What are (c) vavg and (d) aavg in the time interval
3.00 min to 9.00 min? (e) Sketch x versus t and v versus t, and indicate how the
answers to (a) through ( d) can be obtained from the graphs.
1
In this and some other problems in this tutorial you are asked to produce a graph. A sketch
will suffice, appropriately labelled and with straight and curved portions apparent.
1
HET124/DEE2143 Energy and Motion; Semester 2, 2010 Tutorial 1
Problem 8
An electron has a constant acceleration of +3.2 m/s2 . At a certain instant its
velocity is +9.6 m/s. What is its velocity (a) 2.5 s earlier and (b) 2.5 s later?
Problem 9
A muon (an elementary particle) enters a region with a speed of 5.00 × 106 m/s
and then is slowed at the rate of 1.25 × 1014 m/s2 . (a) How far does the muon take
to stop? (b) Graph x versus t and v versus t for the muon.
Problem 10
On a dry road, a car with good tires may be able to brake with a constant deceler-
ation of 4.92 m/s2 . (a) How long does such a car, initially travelling at 24.6 m/s,
take to stop? (b) How far does it travel in this time? (c) Graph x versus t and v
versus t for the deceleration.
Problem 11
A certain elevator cab has a total run of 190 m and a maximum speed of 305
m/min, and it accelerates from rest and then back to rest at 1.22 m/s2 . (a) How
far does the cab move while accelerating to full speed from rest? (b) How long
does it take to make the nonstop 190 m run, starting and ending at rest?
Problem 12
A car moves along an x axis through a distance of 900 m, starting at rest (at
x = 0) and ending at rest (at x = 900 m ). Through the first 41 of that distance, its
acceleration is +2.25 m/s2 . Through the next 43 of that distance, its acceleration is
−0.750 m/s2 . What are (a) its travel time through the 900 m and (b) its maximum
speed? (c) Graph position x, velocity v, and acceleration a versus time t for the
trip.
Problem 13
(a) If the maximum acceleration that is tolerable for passengers in a subway train
is 1.34 m/s2 and subway stations are located 806 m apart, what is the maximum
speed a subway train can attain between stations? (b) What is the travel time
between stations? (c) If a subway train stops for 20 s at each station, what is the
maximum average speed of the train, from one start-up to the next? (d) Graph x,
v, and a versus t for the interval from one start-up to the next?
Problem 14
Raindrops fall 1700 m from a cloud to the ground. (a) If they were not slowed by
air resistance, how fast would the drops be moving when they struck the ground?
(b) Would it be safe to walk outside during a rainstorm?
Problem 15
A hot-air balloon is ascending at the rate of 12 m/s and is 80 m above the ground
when a package is dropped over the side. (a) How long does the package take to
reach the ground? (b) With what speed does it hit the ground?
Problem 16
A rock is thrown vertically upward from ground level at time t = 0. At t = 1.5 s
it passes the top of a tall tower, and 1.0 s later it reaches its maximum height.
What is the height of the tower?

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HET124/DEE2143 Energy and Motion; Semester 2, 2010 Textbook: Chapter 2

Tutorial 1: Motion in a Straight Line

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