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    Four Stroke Petrol Engine: What Is An Engine?

    Uploaded by

    Usama
    A four stroke petrol engine uses four strokes - intake, compression, combustion, and exhaust - to convert the chemical energy in petrol into mechanical energy. In the intake stroke, an air-fuel mixture is drawn into the cylinder. In the compression stroke, the mixture is compressed. In the combustion stroke, the spark plug ignites the mixture, causing combustion and powering the piston downward. In the exhaust stroke, the spent gases are pushed out of the cylinder. This four stroke cycle is repeated to continuously power the engine using petrol as fuel.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Four Stroke Petrol Engine: What Is An Engine?

    Uploaded by

    Usama
    302 views4 pages
    A four stroke petrol engine uses four strokes - intake, compression, combustion, and exhaust - to convert the chemical energy in petrol into mechanical energy. In the intake stroke, an air-fuel mixture is drawn into the cylinder. In the compression stroke, the mixture is compressed. In the combustion stroke, the spark plug ignites the mixture, causing combustion and powering the piston downward. In the exhaust stroke, the spent gases are pushed out of the cylinder. This four stroke cycle is repeated to continuously power the engine using petrol as fuel.

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    four storke engine

    Original Title

    Four Stroke Petrol Engine

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    A four stroke petrol engine uses four strokes - intake, compression, combustion, and exhaust - to convert the chemical energy in petrol into mechanical energy. In the intake stroke, an air-fuel mixture is drawn into the cylinder. In the compression stroke, the mixture is compressed. In the combustion stroke, the spark plug ignites the mixture, causing combustion and powering the piston downward. In the exhaust stroke, the spent gases are pushed out of the cylinder. This four stroke cycle is repeated to continuously power the engine using petrol as fuel.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    302 views4 pages

    Four Stroke Petrol Engine: What Is An Engine?

    Uploaded by

    Usama
    A four stroke petrol engine uses four strokes - intake, compression, combustion, and exhaust - to convert the chemical energy in petrol into mechanical energy. In the intake stroke, an air-fuel mixture is drawn into the cylinder. In the compression stroke, the mixture is compressed. In the combustion stroke, the spark plug ignites the mixture, causing combustion and powering the piston downward. In the exhaust stroke, the spent gases are pushed out of the cylinder. This four stroke cycle is repeated to continuously power the engine using petrol as fuel.

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    Four Stroke Petrol Engine

    What is an Engine?
    The word Engine comes from the Latin word ingenium which means 'ability'. Engine is
    machinery. Generally a combustion engine is defined as a machine that produces
    power(mechanical) by the combustion of substance like water or a fuel.
    Engines are classified into various categories based on the type of cycle they use, the
    layout, the energy source used, the cooling mechanism employed or its use.

    Based on the layout, there are two types of Engines

    •Internal Combustion Engines


    An engine is called an Internal Combustion Engine, If the combustion of a fuel like
    petrol takes place inside it, in a chamber. The oxidizer used for combustion is usually
    air. The gases produced as a result of combustion are high temperature and pressure.
    These gases exert pressure on components such as a piston which moves over and
    produces energy (mechanical). E.g. Petrol Engine

    •External Combustion Engines


    An External Combustion engine is one in which the energy is externally applied on a
    non combustible fluid like pressurized/hot water, liquid sodium etc. Here these fluids are
    heated in an external chamber like boiler and steam is used to drive the engine. E.g.
    Steam Engine

    Based on the source of energy, internal combustion engines are classified as


    •Petrol Engines
    •Diesel Engines

    Petrol Engine is again categorized into


    1.2 stroke engine
    2.4 stroke engine

    Here we will discuss about a Four Stroke Petrol Engine and its working.

    Principle of a Four Stroke Petrol Engine


    The principle used in a four stroke petrol engine is commonly known as Otto Cycle. It
    states that there would be one power stroke for every four strokes. Such engines use a
    spark plug which is used for the ignition of the combustible fuel used in the engine. Most
    of the cars, bikes and trucks use a 4 stroke engines.

    In every Otto cycle there is an adiabatic compression, addition of heat at constant


    volume, an adiabatic expansion and the release of heat at constant volume. The P-V
    diagram for a 4 stroke engine is as follows:

    Working of a Four Stroke Petrol Engine


    A stroke is the movement of the piston from the top, to the bottom of the cylinder.

    As the name suggest the Four Stroke Petrol Engine uses a cycle of four strokes and
    petrol as the fuel. Each cycle includes 2 rotations of the crankshaft and four strokes,
    namely:
    1.An Intake Stroke
    2.A Compression Stroke
    3.A Combustion Stroke also called Power Stroke
    4.An Exhaust Stroke

    The steps involved are as follows:

    1.Intake Stroke: As the name suggests in this stroke the intake of fuel takes place.
    When the engine starts, the piston descends to the cylinder's bottom from the top. Thus
    the pressure inside the cylinder reduces. Now the intake valve opens and the fuel and
    air mixture enters the
    cylinder. The valve then
    closes.

    2.Compression Stroke:
    This stroke is known as
    compression stroke
    because the compression
    of the fuel mixture takes
    place at this stage. When
    the intake valve closes
    (exhaust valve is already
    closed), the piston forced
    back to the top of the
    cylinder and the fuel
    mixture gets compressed. The compression is around 1/8th of the original volume. An
    engine is considered more efficient if its compression ratio is higher.

    3.Combustion/Power Stroke: Now in case of petrol engine when the fuel mixture
    compresses to the maximum value the spark plug produces spark which ignites the fuel
    mixture. The combustion leads to the production of high pressure gases. Due to this
    tremendous force the piston is driven back to the bottom of the cylinder. As the piston
    moves downwards, the crankshaft rotates which rotates the wheels of the vehicle.
    4.Exhaust Stroke: As the wheel moves to the bottom the exhaust valve opens up and
    due to the momentum gained by the wheel the piston is pushed back to the top of the
    cylinder. The gases due to combustion are hence expelled out of the cylinder into the
    atmosphere through the exhaust valve.

    The exhaust valve closes


    after the exhaust stroke
    and again the intake valve
    opens and the four strokes
    are repeated.

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