XP11 FlyJSim 727 100 Guide PDF

X-PLANE 11 GUIDE
FLYJSIM
BOEING 727-100 BY CHUCK
LAST UPDATED: 10/11/2018 1
TABLE OF CONTENT
• PART 1 – INTRODUCTION
• PART 2 – COCKPIT LAYOUT
• PART 3 – FLIGHT PLANNING
• PART 4 – START-UP PROCEDURE
• PART 5 – TAXI
• PART 6 – TAKEOFF, CLIMB & CRUISE
• PART 7 – AUTOPILOT
• PART 8 – APPROACH & LANDING
PLATFORM: X-PLANE 11
2
The Boeing 727 is a midsized, narrow-body tri-engine jet aircraft built by Boeing
Commercial Airplanes from the early 1960s to 1984. It can carry 149 to 189 passengers
and later models can fly up to 2,700 nautical miles nonstop. Intended for short and
medium-length flights, the 727 can use relatively short runways at smaller airports. It
has three Pratt & Whitney JT8D engines below the T-tail, one on each side of the rear
fuselage with a center engine that connects through an S-duct to an inlet at the base of
PART 1 – INTRODUCTION
the fin. The 727 is Boeing's only trijet aircraft.
The Boeing 727 design was a compromise among United Airlines, American Airlines,
and Eastern Air Lines; each of the three had developed requirements for a jet airliner to
serve smaller cities with shorter runways and fewer passengers. United Airlines
requested a four-engine aircraft for its flights to high-altitude airports, especially its hub
at Stapleton International Airport in Denver, Colorado. American Airlines, which was
operating the four-engined Boeing 707 and Boeing 720, requested a twin-engined
aircraft for efficiency. Eastern Airlines wanted a third engine for its overwater flights to
the Caribbean, since at that time twin-engine commercial flights were limited by
regulations to routes with 60-minute maximum flying time to an airport. Eventually, the
three airlines agreed on a trijet design for the new aircraft.
The 727 was designed for smaller airports, so independence from ground facilities was
an important requirement. This led to one of the 727's most distinctive features: the
built-in airstair that opens from the rear underbelly of the fuselage, which initially could
be opened in flight. Hijacker D. B. Cooper used this hatch when he parachuted from the
back of a 727, as it was flying over the Pacific Northwest. Boeing subsequently modified
the design with the Cooper vane so that the airstair could not be lowered in
flight. Another innovation was the auxiliary power unit (APU), which allowed electrical
and air-conditioning systems to run independently of a ground-based power supply, and
without having to start one of the main engines. An unusual design feature is that the
APU is mounted in a hole in the keel beam web, in the main landing gear bay.
At the start of the 21st century, the 727 remained in service with a few large airlines.
Faced with higher fuel costs, lower passenger volumes due to the post-9/11 economic
climate, increasing restrictions on airport noise, and the extra expenses of maintaining
older planes and paying flight engineers' salaries, most major airlines phased out their
727s; they were replaced by twin-engined aircraft, which are quieter and more fuel-
efficient. Modern airliners also have a smaller flight deck crew of two pilots, while the
727 required two pilots and a flight engineer. Delta Air Lines, the last major U.S. carrier
to do so, retired its last 727 from scheduled service in April 2003. 3
The 727 required a crew of three: a pilot, a co-pilot and a flight engineer. This is something that I think is truly special about this aircraft: the workload to get this aircraft flying well is quite
high. There is definitely a lot to do in there during the whole flight. You will never get bored, trust me. The lack of autothrottle makes the use and monitoring of the autopilot a full-time job
by itself. This is a pilot’s aircraft; flying it is quite enjoyable and the engines require quite a bit of babysitting in order to avoid damaging them. Flying approaches can be challenging at times
in high crosswind conditions, but the 727 gets the job done. This simulation by FlyJSim is a trip back through time and is well worth the time spent learning its aging systems and rustic
interfaces.
This plane feels old. Hell, even the CIVA (Delco Carousel IV-A) that can be
equipped in the cockpit feels like something that no one knows how to use
anymore. Researching information on that plane felt like a history lesson
just as much as a lesson on where this myth about the “golden age of
aviation” comes from.
4
I believe Jessica Bannister-Pearce from Mutley’s hangar summed up my
thoughts exactly:
”For the descent and approach I find out that the beauty of the 727 comes at a
price. Despite pulling the throttles back to idle, the aircraft picks up speed
descending. She's one slippery old girl and I use a little speedbrake to slow
down. Once you get level again though, bleeding off the speed is still a little
tricky. You constantly find yourself having to think well ahead of the aircraft to
get the right speed settings as you approach the airfield. However, once you
get it right, the 727 will be like putty in your hands. With full flaps and gear
down, the aircraft is remarkably stable, yet nimble, feeling very much like a big
C172. It's easy to control the approach and landing the old girl feels like a real
accomplishment, though slowing her down even with full reverse and full
brakes is a bit difficult. The 727 is rapidly becoming a piece of aviation history.
So to get a flight sim representation of the old girl as good as the FlyJSim one
is a rare treat. She flies by the numbers, sounds like the real thing and looks
prettier than the swimsuit contest of miss world.”
5
TUTORIAL STRUCTURE
Before you even step foot in your virtual cockpit, you need to know where you are, where you are going, how you will
get there, what you need to get there. This document is structured like a short tutorial flight.
The flight tutorial is structured as follows:
• Familiarize yourself with the cockpit layout

• Plan your flight
• Determine the flight route, fuel & cargo loads
• Spawn the aircraft and set it in a Cold & Dark state
• Provide aircraft with power
• Program the CIVA (Delco Carousel IV-A INS system)
• Start–up the aircraft and make it ready for flight
• Taxi
• Takeoff
• Climb and cruise
• Explore autopilot capabilities
• Descend, approach and land
6
BEST RESOURCES
DISCLAIMER: Do not use this guide for real life flying. I mean it.
FlyJSim’s 727 Manual
CIVA Tutorial by TheAlmightySnark (Mudspike)

http://www.mudspike.com/civa-ins-navigation-tutorial/
Aviation For All’s Aircraft Operating Manual for the Boeing 727-200
http://www.aviationforall.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/09/AOM_727_200_Sim_Copy.pdf
Boeing 727-200 CBT (Computer Based Training)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Nn-6OvMXvG4&list=PLpNS2WzxM5y3XaG9jMK6fArNGXdBwgWJC
Froogle Sims 727 First Impressions (Two Parts) (Youtube)

Part 1 (Takeoff): https://youtu.be/ThVQDObYKNY
Part 2 (Landing): https://youtu.be/Cs1_akSNCcY
15 NM ARC – Cold and Dark Tutorial (Youtube)

https://youtu.be/ZkS0n0QoUIk
7
PART 2 – COCKPIT LAYOUT
8
Cockpit Utility Light
Can be rotated
9
Nose Wheel Steering Tiller
Used to steer aircraft on the ground
Microphone Selector Lights

(Illuminated if microphone is selected)
Audio Panel Volume Tuner
Audio Communication
Receiver Selector Switches Audio Panel Volume Tuner
VHF-1, VHF-2, VHF-3 radios
SERV INT: Ground Services Intercom
INT: Intercom
PA: Passenger Address
Audio Selector Panel
Audio Navigation System Receiver Selector

Switches
NAV-1, NAV-2: Radio Navigation
DME-1, DME-2: Distance Measuring Equipment
ADF-1, ADF-2: Automatic Direction Finder Microphone Selector 10
Selects which audio receiver microphone is transmitting to
GROSS WEIGHT REFERENCE SPEED
1000 LBS
VREF 30 VREF 40
165 139 -
160 137 -
155 135 -
150 133 -
145 129 -
140 127 124
135 125 121
130 122 118
125 119 116
120 117 113
115 114 110
MACH Airspeed Warning System Test Switch
110 111 107
No. 1 System is linked to the auxiliary pitot-static
105 109 105 system, No.2 System is linked to the copilot’s pitot-
static system. The “Clacker” sound will be heard
100 106 102 when holding the switch.
AFTER TAKEOFF NORMAL MANEUVERING SPEEDS
KTS IAS Airspeed Warning System Mode Switch
Mode A or Mode B are used based on in-flight
FLAPS BELOW MAX ABOVE MAX LANDING Gross Weight (GW) or Zero Fuel Weight (ZFW).
(DEG) LANDING WEIGHT WEIGHT
0 200 210
2 190 200 Windshield Air Knob
5 160 170
15 150 160 Foot Air Knob
25 140 150
NOTE: FOR MANEUVERS IMMEDIATELY AFTER TAKE-OFF
EXCEEDING 15 DEG BANK, MAINTAIN AT LEAST V2 + 10 KTS AT 11
TAKE-OFF FLAPS
Stabilizer Trim
(Nose Up / Nose Down)
Aileron Trim Indicator Memory Device Dials for Flight Number
Note: In the real airplane, these dials are rotated to
the last three digits of the flight number (i.e. Flight
1158) in order to remember it when talking to the
ATC (Air Traffic Controller)
Autopilot Disengage Button
Control Wheel / Yoke
Control Column
12
PULL UP and BELOW GLIDE SLOPE Annunciators
Instrument Comparator Lights
Autopilot Disengage Illuminated when flight instrument being compared (pilot vs first officer)
Annunciator have exceeded established tolerances. Push to dim lights.
• MON PWR: Monitor Power, 115 volt AC power loss to comparator unit
• HDG: Heading (HSI)
Airspeed Indicator (kts)
• PITCH: Pitch (ADI)
• ROLL: Roll (ADI)
Clock • GS: Glide Slope deviation from No. 1 & No. 2 VHF navigation unit
• LOC: Localizer Slope deviation from No. 1 & No. 2 VHF navigation unit
• ALT: Altitude (Altimeter)
Distance from
VOR 1
Airspeed Setting Knob (nautical miles)
VOR/ADF2 Pointer
Lubber Line
Your current heading
Compass RMI (Radio

Magnetic Indicator) Heading NOTE:
Select Knob The Instrument Comparator is basically what preceded what we know
today as EFIS (Electronic Flight Instrument System). Early “Classic” Boeing
VOR/ADF1 Selector 727s and Boeing 737s had traditional (electromechanical) displays, which
are equipped with synchro mechanisms that transmit the pitch, roll, and
heading shown on the captain and first officer's instruments to an
VOR/ADF1 Pointer
Course instrument comparator. The comparator warns of excessive differences
Selected between the Captain and First Officer displays. Even a fault as
VOR/ADF2 Selector far downstream as a jam in, say, the roll mechanism of an ADI triggers a
Heading comparator warning, the instrument comparator thus provides both
13
Course Setter Knob HSI (Horizontal Situation indicator) Select Bug comparator monitoring and display monitoring.
Radio Altimeter
Test Switch
Barometric Pressure Setting
Top (101.3): kPa
Bottom (29.92): inches of
Altimeter (ft) Radio Altimeter
Altimeter Reference (x100 ft)
Hg/Mercury
Index & Knob
Pitch Indicator Radio Altimeter

Reference Index
& Knob
Bank Angle Indicator
Glide Slope Flag
ADI (Attitude
Director Indicator)
ADI Test Knob
Slip Indicator Standby ADI Caging

Knob
Altimeter Barometric Setting
Vertical Speed Indicator

(x1000 ft/min)
DME (Distance Measuring

Standby ADI (used as
Equipment) Distance (nm) 14
Used for NAV Radio 2
backup)
APD (Approach Progress Display) for
Autopilot (A/P) and Flight Director (F/D) Pneumatic Emergency
• GO AROUND Brake Lever Autopilot Altitude
• ALT SELECT Selector Unit Mode Autopilot Altitude Select
• ALT (Hundreds/Thousands) Indicator
• HDG
• VOR/LOC
• GLIDE SLOPE
• GPS
• FLARE
Note: Amber means ARMED, Green Means
CAPTURED.
MDA (Mean Decision

Altitude) Annunciator
Altitude Alert Annunciator Marker Beacon

Sensitivity Switch
(High/Low Sensitivity)
Marker Beacon Light: Airways

Marker
Marker Beacon Light: Middle

Marker
Marker Beacon Light: Outer

Marker
TOT (Total Air Temperature)
Indicator
15
Upper Rudder Position Indicator
Left Elevator Position Indicator

Upper Rudder Yaw Damper Disengaged Light
Stabilizer Out Of Trim Light
Right Elevator Position Indicator

Elevator Low Hydraulic Pressure Light
Upper Yaw Damper

Engage Switch
Lower Rudder Position Indicator
Lower Rudder Yaw Damper Disengaged Light
Standby Altimeter
Lower Yaw Damper

Engage Switch
Yaw Damper Ground Test
Switch
16
Engine 2 Instruments Engine 3 Instruments
Engine 1 Instruments (Central Engine) (Right Engine)
(Left Engine)
Engine Pressure Ratio
Thrust Reverser Operating Reference Bug
Indication Light
Engine 2 Intake (used as thrust reference)

Reference Bug Setting Knob
Engine 3
Engine N1 Tachometer
Engine fan, low-pressure compressor and
low-pressure turbine rotor speed (%)
Engine 1 EXT/EGT (Exhaust Gas Temperature)

Indication (x100 deg C)
Engine N2 Tachometer
Engine high-pressure compressor and
high-pressure turbine rotor speed (%)
Fuel Flow Indicator (x1000 lbs/hour)
Engine model used. The -9 refers to

the JT8D-9A engines. then 727-200
uses the -15 and the freighter has -17.
Engine 1 17
Engine 2
Outboard Flaps Indicator
(degrees)
Inboard Flaps Indicator

(degrees)
Leading Edge Flaps (Amber)

Extinguished: Retracted
Amber: Flaps In Transition
Leading Edge Flaps (Green)

Extinguished: Retracted
Green: Flaps eployed as per flap setting
Engine Low Oil Pressure Lights

(Engines 1, 2, & 3)
Illuminates when engine oil pressure is
below 35 psi or oil filter bypass valves
are open
18
Landing Gear Annunciator Aileron, Rudder and Elevator Low
Landing Gear Door Annunciator Green: Down and Locked Hydraulic Pressure Annunciators
(Red when in transition) Red: In transition or Unsafe (Systems A & B)
Illuminated when hydraulic pressure is
below 1200 + 250 psi
Indicator Lights Test Switch
Master Warning Push-Light
Landing Gear Lever

UP / OFF / DOWN
19
True Airspeed Gauge
(kts)
Pneumatic Brake
Landing Gear Limits (Indicated Airspeed) Pressure (x1000 psi)
EXTEND: 270 kts, Mach 0.83
RETRACT: 200 kts
EXTENDED: 320 kts, Mach 0.83
Hydraulic Brake
Pressure (x1000 psi)
Flaps Limits (Indicated Airspeed)

2 deg – 245 kts
5 deg – 230 kts
15 deg – 215 kts
20 deg – 205 kts
25 deg – 195 kts
30 deg – 185 kts
Ground Proximity Warning
NOTE: MAX LANDING FLAP SETTING: 30 deg System Flap/Gear Inhibit Switch
Ground Proximity Warning
System Test Button
20
Copilot Instrument Panel
21
Windshield Air Knob
Foot Air Knob
22
23
Magnetic Compass
24
Engine 1 Fire Detection Light &
Engine 3 Fire Detection Light &
Fire Extinguisher Handle
Fire Extinguisher Handle
Flight Director (Autopilot)
Mode Selector Wheel Well Fire Engine 2 Fire Detection Light &
GA: Go-Around Detection Light Fire Extinguisher Handle
OFF: Autopilot Off Fire Detector Bell
HDG: Heading Cutout Button
NAV/LOC: Navigation/Localizer
APPR AUTO: Automatic Approach Fire Detector
APPR MAN: Manual Approach Test Switch
Flight Director (Autopilot) Flight Director Fire Extinguisher

Pitch Command Knob (Autopilot) Altitude Bottle 1 Discharged Fire Extinguisher
Hold Switch Light Bottle Transfer
Switch Fire Extinguisher
Bottle 2 Discharged
Light
25
CENTRAL PEDESTAL
26
CIVA Mode Selector Knob READY NAV Light
OFF Illuminates in green when unit is aligned and ready for use
STBY: Standby Mode
ALIGN: INS Alignment Mode BAT INS
NAV: Navigation Mode Illuminated when unit has shutdown whilst operating on battery
ATT: Attitude Mode (Emergency)
HOLD Key Delco Carousel IV-A Inertial

Freezes data displayed in screens Navigation System (CIVA INS) Panel
RE-MOTE Key
Only used for X-Plane Flight Plans
Display Window (Shown: Coordinates)
Waypoint Selector Rotary
Waypoint Selected WARN Warning Light

0 = CURRENT POSITION Illuminates in red when error is detected
BAT Warning Light

Illuminates once in ALIGN mode and when the INS is
operating on the battery
ALERT Warning Light

Illuminates 2 minutes before a waypoint is reached and
ground speed is over 250 kts
CIVA Data Selector Switch INSERT Key

• TK/GS: Ground Track/Ground Speed General button used to confirm input in display windows
• HDG/DA: Current heading (relative to true north) / Drift Angle
relative to wind FROM-TO Display
• XTK/TKE: Cross Track Error (tenth of nautical mile) / Track Angle Shows what leg the aircraft is flying on (shown: between
Error waypoint 0 (current position) and waypoint 1)
• POS: Current position coordinates of aircraft
• WAYPT: Coordinates of selected waypoint WY PT CHG (Waypoint Change) Key
• DIS/TIME: Distance (tenth of nautical mile) and time (minutes) to Allows to either directly navigate to any waypoint or intercept a leg
selected waypoint
• WIND: Wind direction (deg relative to true north) and speed (kts)
• DSRTK/STS: Desired Track Angle to selected waypoint / Status AUTO/MAN Switch
Selects either automatic or manual leg switching 27
codes of INS
PART 2 – COCKPIT LAYOUT Weather Radar Range Selector
TCAS Message Button
TCAS (Traffic Collision Weather Radar Screen

Avoidance System) Button Brightness Control
Weather Radar Screen
Weather Radar Power (SYS) Switch
Weather Radar Gain Control Weather Mode (WX / MAP) Switch
Weather Radar Tilt Control
28
Flap Lever
Speed Brake Switch Left clicking and dragging it AFT (deploys
Thrust Reverser Lever flaps), while right clicking and dragging it
(“Spoiler”)
Can only be deployed if moves it FORWARD (retracts flaps)
FWD: Retracted
throttle is at IDLE.
AFT: Deployed
Throttles
Engine Start Levers

UP: IDLE (opens fuel shutoff
valve and energizes ignition
system)
Stabilizer Trim Wheel DOWN: CUTOFF (closes fuel
shutoff valve and de-energizes
ignition system)
Stabilizer Trim Indicator
29
Stabilizer Trim Autopilot Cutout Switch

UP: Normal Operation
DOWN: Cutout
Stabilizer Trim Main Electrical Cutout

UP: Normal Operation
DOWN: Cutout
Parking Brake Lever Stabilizer Trim Light

Pulled/AFT: Engaged Parking Brake Light Illuminates when Stabilizer is
Pushed/FWD: Released Illuminated: Engaged trimming
30
Speed Brakes retracted

Speed Brakes deployed
Speed Brakes retracted
SPEEDBRAKES EXTEND FULL and SPEEDBRAKES

RETRACT FULL control bindings
Speed Brakes deployed 31

Thrust Reverser
PART 2 – COCKPIT LAYOUT not engaged
TOGGLE THRUST
REVERSERS
control binding
Throttle at IDLE
No Reverse Thrust Generated
Thrust Reverser at
MAX REV
The Thrust Reverser lever can be moved by setting the throttle at IDLE first, then pressing the “TOGGLE
THRUST REVERSERS” binding. This will then link your throttle axis to the thrust reverser lever axis. Moving your
throttle forward will then move the thrust reverser lever AFT, engaging internal clam-shell thrust reversers to
MAX REV. To disengage thrust reversers, set your throttle back to IDLE and press the “TOGGLE THRUST
REVERSERS” binding again. This will set your throttle axis back to the way it was.
Take note that the Reverse Thrust lever can only be engaged if your throttle is at IDLE. The reason for that is a
mechanical stopper that prevents you from engaging thrust reversers at high throttle settings.
Throttle at IDLE 32
Reverse Thrust Generated
Thrust Reversers
not engaged
Thrust Reversers
at MAX REV
The thrust reverser type incorporated with the Pratt & Whitney JT8D-9A engines is an internal clam-shell design. This explains why there are no external 33
clamshell doors being deployed like in the more modern JT8D-200 engines of aircraft like the McDonnell Douglas MD-80.
Autopilot Pitch Selector Autopilot Heading
• MACH HOLD: Aircraft pitch varies to maintain a Selector Button
constant Mach number
• IAS HOLD: Aircraft pitch varies to maintain a constant Autopilot ENG Autopilot Engage
Indicated Airspeed (Engaged) Light Switch
• PITCH HOLD: Aircraft varies airspeed to maintain a
constant pitch
• VERT SPEED: Aircraft varies airspeed and pitch to Autopilot Roll
maintain a constant vertical speed (climb/descent rate) (Turn) Selector
Sperry SP-50 Autopilot Navigation (Mode) Selector

• AUX NAV: Auxiliary Navigation (CIVA, X-FMC)
• NAV LOC: Navigation Localizer
• TURN KNOB: Autopilot Roll/Turn Selector Mode
Autopilot Altitude
• AUTO G/S: Automatic Glide Slope
Selector Button • MAN G/S: Manual Glide Slope
Autopilot Altitude Select

Mode ARM Light (Armed)
Autopilot Vertical
Speed Selector
Autopilot Altitude Select
Mode ENG Light (Engaged)
34
VHF COMM 2 Radio Set Panel
VHF Frequency 2 VHF Frequency 2

Tuning Knob
VHF COMM 1 Radio Set Panel
VHF-2 Radio Navigation
Panel
TFR (Transfer) Active
Frequency Switch
Active Frequency Light

ADF-2 Radio Navigation
Panel
VHF Frequency 1
VHF Frequency 1
Tuning Knob
VHF Navigation Mode Knob

STBY: Standby
NORM: Normal
ORIDE: Override
VHF-1 Radio Navigation
Panel
ADF Navigation Mode Knob

STBY: Standby
ADF-1 Radio Navigation NORM: Normal
Panel ORIDE: Override 35
Horn Cutout Switch
Rudder Trim Knob
Stabilizer Brake Release Lever
Radio Panels and Autopilot

Panel Lighting Control Knob
Aileron Trim Knob
36
OVERHEAD PANEL
37
Left Forward & Side Panel Forward Panel Background Overhead Panel Light Control Stand White
Brightness Control Brightness Control Brightness Control Light Brightness Control
Map Brightness Control Center Forward Panel Control Stand Red Light
Forward Panel Fluor
Background Brightness Control Brightness Control
Switch
Compass Light Left/Right Outboard Left/Right Inboard Left/Right Runway

Brightness Control Knob Landing Lights Switches Landing Lights Switches Turnoff Lights Switches
Strobe Light Switch Navigation Lights Switch

Taxi Light Switch
38
Right Forward & Side Panel
Brightness Control
Light Override Selector
FLIGHT ONLY / NORMAL / ALL WHITE
Beacon Light Switch

Map Brightness Control
Wing Light Switch

Dome White Light Switch
Logo Light Switch
Dome Red Light

Brightness Control
39
VHF Navigation Source Selector
Compass Source Selector
Cargo Fire Detection Loop

Flight Control Warning Test Switch Selector (Aft Bay)
Vertical Gyro Source Selector
Fire Detection Fault Light

Cargo Fire Extinguisher Bottle
Test Light (Forward/Aft Bay)
Cargo Fire Detection Loop

Anti-Skid Master Switch Selector (Forward Bay)
Emergency Exit
Cargo Fire Detection Test Button Lights Unarmed Light
Emergency Exit
Lights Switch
Auto-Brake Selector Switch Cargo Fire Extinguisher Bottle

RTO: Rejected Takeoff Discharge Button
Main Landing Gear Anti- Main Landing Gear Anti- DISARM: Disarmed
Skid Inoperative (Outboard) Skid Inoperative (Inboard) MIN: Minimum Braking
MED: Medium Braking Cargo Fire Extinguisher Bottle
MAX: Maximum Braking Arming Switch (Forward/Aft Bay) 40
Probe Anti-Ice Annunciator Lights
(Illuminated when OFF)
ELEV PITOT L: Left Elevator Pitot Tube
PITOT L: Left Pitot Tube
PA (Passenger Address)
PITOT R: Right Pitot Tube
PA (Passenger Address) Monitor Speaker Switch ELEV PITOT R: Right Elevator Pitot Tube
Volume Level Knob STATIC L: Left Static Port
TEMP PROBE: Temperature Probe
AUX PITOT: Auxiliary Pitot Tube
STATIC R: Right Static Port
PA (Passenger Address) ON
Annunciator Light
ATC Transponder
Frequency Indicator
ATC (Air Traffic Controller)

Transponder Panel
ATC Transponder Power Switch Right Pitot Probe Heater Switch

ON / OFF / ON/ALT ATC Transponder
Mode Selector (A/B) Left Pitot Probe Heater Switch
ATC Transponder
Frequency Setting Knobs ATC Transponder IDENT ATC Transponder
(dentification) Button Frequency Setting Knobs 41
Compass Set Heading Control
Compass Free/Slaved
Compass Sychronization Switch
Indicator Rain Repellant Switch
Rain Repellant Switch
Windshield Wiper
Switch
42
Compass Set Heading Control
Left Wing Anti-ice Bleed Air Valve Switch &
Compass Free/Slaved Switch Valve Position Light (Illuminated = OPEN)
Right Wing Anti-ice Bleed Air Valve Switch

Compass Sychronization
Indicator & Valve Position Light (Illuminated = OPEN)
Microphone Monitor Panel
Anti-Ice Valve Position Light Selector

Selects valves to be checked by the valve position
Flight Attendance Call lights (OFF/LEFT/COWL/RIGHT/WING)
Intercom Button
Engine 2 Inlet Anti-ice
Bleed Air Valve Switch
& Valve Position Light
No Smoking Sign Switch (Illuminated = OPEN)
Fasten Seatbelts Sign Switch

Engine 3 Inlet Anti-ice
Bleed Air Valve Switch
Ground Crew Call Active Light
& Valve Position Light
(Illuminated = OPEN)
Ground Crew Call Intercom Button
43
Engine 1 Inlet Anti-ice Bleed Air Valve Switch & Valve Position Light (Illuminated = OPEN)
Stall Warning OFF Light Stall Warning Test Indicator
Indicates sensor heater failure or system failure Rotates during test to indicator reliable inputs
Stall Warning Switch

• HTR OFF : Disables heater for maintenance
• NORMAL: System is powered when landing gear sensor is in
the air position
• TEST: Stall Warning Test
Aileron Hydraulic
System (A & B)
Switches
Inboard & Outboard Spoiler

Hydraulic System (A & B)
Switches Flight Recorder Test Switch
Flight Recorder OFF Light Red & White Flood Lights

Elevator Hydraulic System
(A & B) Switches
Rudder Standby Hydraulic

System Switch
Upper Rudder Hydraulic Lower Rudder Hydraulic

System (A) Switch System (B) Switch
44
Anti-Ice System Duct Overheat Light
Alternate Flaps Master Switch
Inboard Alternate Flaps Switch

• UP: Retracts trailing edge flaps only
• OFF: Spring-loaded to OFF
• DN: Down, extends trailing edge flaps, leading edge flaps
and slats using standby hydraulic system Anti-Ice System Duct Temperature
Selector (Engine 1, 2 & 3)
Outboard Alternate Flaps Switch
• UP: Retracts trailing edge flaps only
• OFF: Spring-loaded to OFF
• DN: Down, extends trailing edge flaps, leading edge flaps Anti-Ice System Duct Temperature
and slats using standby hydraulic system
Indicator (deg C)
45
Right 1 Window Heat Switch
Left 1 Window Heat Switch Window Heat Element
Left 1 Window Heat ON light Overheat Test Switch Right 1 Window Heat
ON light
Left 1 Window Heat Element Overheat Light
Right 1 Window
Heat Element
Engine Access Door Open Light Overheat Light
Right 2 Window
Heat ON light
Right 2 Window
Heat Element
Overheat Light
Left 2 Window Heat ON light
Engine 1, 2 & 3 START Left 2 Window Heat Element Right 2 Window Heat Switch
switches (Ground/OFF/Flight) Overheat Light
Left 2 Window Heat Switch
46
Flight Engineer (FE) Panel
Fuel Dumping
System Panel
APU (Auxiliary
Power Unit) Panel
47
LOWER FE PANEL
Engine 1 Fuel Icing Light
Illuminated when fuel filter is clogged by ice
Engine 1, 2 & 3 Fuel Heat Switches
Engine 1 Fuel Heat Valve IN TRANSIT light

Illuminated when fuel heat valve is in transit, and Fuel Temperature Indicator – Fuel
extinguished when valve is fully open or closed. Tank No. 1 (deg C)
48
LOWER FE PANEL HYDRAULIC SYSTEM A: Engine-Driven hydraulic pumps. System A is used to
operate trailing edge flaps, leading edge flaps and slats, outboard flight spoilers,
Hydraulic System A Fluid Shutoff ground spoilers, landing gear, nose wheel brakes and steering, one side of the
aileron power unit, one side of each of the two elevator power units, the lower
Valve switches (Engine 1/2)
Electrical Hydraulic rudder power unit and as an alternate source to operate the main wheel brakes
CLOSE position shuts off hydraulic fluid through the hydraulic brake interconnect valve.
to respective pump Pump 1 Switch
(System B)
HYDRAULIC SYSTEM B: Electrical-motor-driven hydraulic pumps. System B is
Engine 1 Hydraulic Pump Electrical Hydraulic Pump 1 used to operate the inboard flight spoilers, the upper rudder power unit, the aft
stairs, one side of the aileron power unit, one side of each of the two elevator
(Engine-Driven) LOW LOW PRESSURE Light power units, and the main wheel brakes.
PRESSURE Light (System A) (System B)
Standby Hydraulic System STANDBY HYDRAULIC SYSTEM:
Overheat Light Electrical-motor-driven hydraulic
pumps. The standby system is used to
operate the lower rudder standby
Standby Hydraulic power unit and to drive a hydraulic
System ON Light motor-pump unit in the event that
system A pressure is lost. The motor-
pump unit pressurizes fluid from the
Engine 1 Hydraulic Hydraulic Fluid system B auxiliary reservoir to extend
Pump Switch Standby System the leading edge flaps and slats.
(System A) Quantity (US Gal)
No Equipment Cooling Light
Hydraulic System A
Elevator Feel Different
Overheat Light
Hydraulic System B Overheat Light Pressure Light
Hydraulic Ground
Interconnect Switch
Connects Hydraulic system B
pressure to system A-
powered units when APU on
bus or external power
plugged in.
Hydraulic System A Rudder Load Limiter Active Light

Hydraulic Fluid System A Hydraulic System B Hydraulic Fluid System B
Pressure (x1000 psi) 49
Quantity (US Gal) Pressure (x1000 psi) Quantity (US Gal) Oil Cooler Constant-Speed Drive Switch
LOWER FE PANEL
Fuel System Panel
Fuel Tank No. 1:

Left Wing Tank
Fuel Tank No. 2:

Fuselage Tank
Fuel Tank No. 3:

Right Wing Tank
These panels are basically schematic representations of the whole fuel system of the aircraft,
including fuel lines, fuel pumps and fuel valves..
50
LOWER FE PANEL
Left Wing Tank Forward Boost
Left Wing Tank Forward
Left Wing Tank Aft Pump Low Pressure Light
Boost Pump Switch
Boost Pump Switch
Left Wing
Tank Aft Boost
Pump Low Hydraulic Brake
Pressure Light Interconnect ON Light
Illuminated when Valve is Open
Left Wing
Tank Fuel
Quantity Test
Switch
Fuel
Crossfeed
Valve in
Transit Light
Fuel Crossfeed
Selector Left Wing Tank Fuel Quantity Indicator (lbs)
Engine 1 Fuel Shutoff Hydraulic Brake Interconnect Switch
(Close/Open) Valve Switch Opens or closes valve used to pressurize
Engine 1 Fuel Shutoff Valve in Transit Light
(Close/Open) brake system with hydraulic51system A.
LOWER FE PANEL Circuit Breaker Panel Brightness Control Flight Engineer Panel Background Brightness Control
PART 2 – COCKPIT LAYOUT Fluor Switch (Fluorescent Lights)
Oil Quantity Indicator

(Engine 1 Oil Tank)
Oil Temperature Indicator

(Engine 1 Oil Tank, in deg C)
Oil Pressure Indicator

(Engine 1 Oil Tank, in psi)
Flight Engineer Panel Brightness Control
Doors Warning System Annunciators
Flight Engineer Table Brightness Control
52
Engine 1 Bus Tie Breaker Engine 1 Generator Breaker UPPER FE PANEL
CLOSE: ON CLOSE: ON
TRIP: OFF TRIP: OFF
Engine 1 Bus Tie Circuit

Open (OFF) Light
Residual Volts Switch
AC Voltmeter scale changes from 150 to 30 volts
AC Voltmeter
(Volts)
Frequency Meter
Engine 1 Strut Overheat Light

Engine 1
Generator Lower Aft Body Overheat
Circuit Open Light
(OFF) Light KVARS/KW
toggle button
Engine 2 Strut
Overheat Light
AC Meters
Synchronization Light
Engine 1
Generator Field
OFF Light
Engine 1 Generator Field

AC Meter Selector
Frequency Control Knob Engine 1 KW/KVAR Load Breaker
APU / BUS TIE / GENERATOR 1 / Overheat Test Switch
On Generator CLOSE: ON
GENERATOR 2 / GENERATOR 3 / 53
TRIP: OFF
EXTERNAL POWER
Cabin Pressure Manual Light
UPPER FE PANEL
Cabin Pressure Standby Light
Cabin Pressure Off Schedule

Descent Light
Cabin Pressure Auto Fail Light
Engine 1, 2 & 3 Start Valves

Open Lights Cabin Pressurization
Cabin Altimeter / Differential Rate Selector
Pressure Indicator
Outflow
Valve
Position
Indicator
Cabin Rate of Climb Indicator

(x1000 ft/min)
Outflow Valve
Manual
Control Switch
Cabin Pressure Flight Altitude Setting
Cabin
Cabin Pressure Landing Altitude Setting Pressurization
Mode Selector
Cabin Pressure Flight/Ground Switch Cabin Pressure Altitude Selected Setting

54
Galley 3 & 4 Power Switch UPPER FE PANEL
Generator CSD (Constant Speed External Power
Drive) 1 Low Oil Pressure Light Galley 1 & 2 Power Switch Connected Light
External Power Switch

Generator CSD (Constant Speed
Drive) 1 Disconnect Switch
Engine 1 Generator Drive Essential Power Source Selector

Oil Temperature Switch STANDBY / APU / Generator 1 / Generator 2
• RISE: Temperature gauges Generator CSD (Constant /Generator 3 /External Power
indicate oil temperature Speed Drive) 1 Oil
difference between inlet and
outlet ports of the CSD
Temperature (deg C) Essential Power Failure Warning Light
• IN: Gauges temperature of 55
oil entering CSD on IN scale
Flight Crew Oxygen Pressure Passenger Oxygen Pressure
UPPER FE PANEL
Battery Switch Indicator (x100 psi) Indicator (x100 psi)
DC Voltmeter
DC Ammeter
DC Meter Selector Oxygen Pressure

Battery
Indicating Light (ON)
Essential Transformer Rectifier (TR)
TR1 Passenger Oxygen Switch
TR2
56
UPPER FE PANEL
Auto PACK (Pneumatic Air

Conditioning kit) Trip
Cutout Switch
Air Temperature Selector
Aft Cabin Zone Temperature
Control Valve Position
Indicator Aft Cabin Zone Overheat Light Passenger Cabin Duct Overheat Light
Control Cabin & Passenger Cabin

Passenger Cabin Air Temperature Selector
Control Cabin Temperature Mix Valve Indicators
Selector
Aft Cabin Zone Temperature

Switch (Cooler/Warmer)
Altitude Horn
Cutout Button
Control Cabin Duct Overheat Light
Air Tempreature Indicator

57
UPPER FE PANEL Control Cabin PACK (Pneumatic Air Passenger Cabin PACK (Pneumatic
Conditioning Kit) Pressure (psi) Air Conditioning Kit) Pressure (psi)
Cooling Doors Position Indicator Gasper Fan Switch

Cargo Heat Outflow Switch
Air Conditioning PACK Reset Switch
Cooling Doors Switch
Auto PACK Trip Armed Light Right Air

Conditioning PACK
Left Air Conditioning PACK Trip Off Light Trip Off Light
Engine 1 Bleed Air Valve Switch
Engine 1 Bleed Air Trip Off Light

Intermediate Bleed Engine 3 Bleed Air
Intermediate Bleed Air Valve Switch Air Valve Switch Valve Switch
Pneumatic Duct Pressure Indicator (psi)

Engine 3 Bleed Air Trip Off Light
Bleed Air High Temperature Light
Engine 2 Bleed Air Valve Switch 58
AFT FUEL DUMP PANEL Fuel Dump Valve In Transit Lights
Tank 2 Fuel Dump Valve
Control Switch
Control Switch

Control Switch
Control Switch
Right Fuel Dump Nozzle

Valve Control Switch
Left Fuel Dump Nozzle

Valve Control Switch
Right Fuel Dump Nozzle

Left Fuel Dump Nozzle Valve In Transit Light
Valve In Transit Light
Flight Recorder Remaining

Recording Hours
59
AFT APU PANEL APU (Auxiliary Power Unit) Generator Breaker Switch
TRIP: Circuit is Open/Tripped (Generator OFF)
CLOSE: Circuit is Closed (Generator ON)
APU Circuit Open Light
Illuminated when APU APU Fire Switch (Arms Extinguisher
electrical circuit is OPEN Button) & Warning Light (Fire is
detected)
APU Master Switch

OFF / ON / START
APU Extinguisher Bottle Discharge

Button
APU Generator Field Relay Breaker Switch

• CLOSE: engages APU Field and allows APU
APU Generator Field Relay Light generator to be turned ON.
Illuminated when APU Field is OFF • TRIP: disconnects APU Field.
APU Auto Fire Shutdown APU Fire Detection Test Switch

Arming Switch
APU EGT (Exhaust Gas Temperature)

APU AC Ammeter (Amperes) (x100 deg C)
60
AFT APU PANEL
Leading Edge Devices Annunciator

Panel
GREEN: Extended
YELLOW: In Transition
NO LIGHT: Retracted
Leading Edge Devices

Position Test Switch
61
Inboard Landing Light
Outboard Landing Light
Nosewheel Taxi Light
Navigation Light (Green)

Navigation Light (Red)
Outboard Landing Light

Runway Turnoff Light
Lower Rotating Beacon Light
62
Upper Rotating Beacon Light
Wing Light
Logo Light
Wing Tip Mounted Tail Light
Strobe Light (Flashing White)
63
Left Elevator Right Elevator
Upper Rudder
Lower Rudder
64
65
PLANNING THE FLIGHT
In real life, you cannot just fly a 727 wherever and whenever you please. Just
like on land, the sky is littered with an intricate network of waypoints and aerial
PART 3 – FLIGHT PLANNING
highways. Therefore, it is necessary to plan your flight route and to determine
how much fuel you will need to carry in order to reach your destination.
In order to do this, we will use a tool called “Online Flight Planner” available
here: http://onlineflightplanner.org/
There are a number of fuel planners available online. These estimates may or
may not be very accurate. There are specific charts created by Boeing to come
up with accurate fuel estimates which are unfortunately not available to the
public. Therefore, for the sake of simplicity we will just use the fuel estimate
that comes from the Flight Planner, which is good enough for the purpose of
this tutorial.
66
PLANNING THE FLIGHT
Today’s flight will start from TORONTO / LESTER B. PEARSON INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT
(CYYZ) and our destination will be BOSTON LOGAN INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT (KBOS).
Using the “Online Flight Planner” available here: http://onlineflightplanner.org/ we will
enter the Departure airport (CYYZ), the Destination airport (KBOS) and the AIRAC Cycle
desired (we will use the AIRAC cycle 1805 as explained on the next page).
Click on CREATE PLAN to generate a flight plan.
Boeing 727-100
Choose your fuel units: LBS in our case
67
Click CREATE PLAN
PLANNING THE FLIGHT
In aviation, an Aeronautical Information Publication (or AIP) is defined by the International Civil Aviation Organization as a publication issued by or with the authority of a state and
containing aeronautical information of a lasting character essential to air navigation. It is designed to be a manual containing thorough details of regulations, procedures and other information pertinent to flying
aircraft in the particular country to which it relates. It is usually issued by or on behalf of the respective civil aviation administration. AIPs are kept up-to-date by regular revision on a fixed cycle. For operationally
significant changes in information, the cycle known as the AIRAC (Aeronautical Information Regulation And Control) cycle is used: revisions are produced every 56 days (double AIRAC cycle) or every 28 days
(single AIRAC cycle). These changes are received well in advance so that users of the aeronautical data can update their flight management systems (FMS). (Source:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aeronautical_Information_Publication )
In other words, some Youtube tutorials might show you flight routes with certain waypoints that got changed with more recent AIRAC updates. Some waypoints or even airports may not exist anymore. For the
purpose of this tutorial, we will use AIRAC cycle 1805 since I’m writing this tutorial in early May, 2018 (period 05) 2018 (AIRAC cycle 1805).
This is not ideal since some navigation aids may be out of date, but for the Boeing 727 it will not be that big of a deal since the old 727 variant we have does not have a modern FMS (Flight
Management System) installed like the ones on the upgraded/modernized 727s. We will rely on the waypoint coordinates and plug them in the CIVA and we will track VOR beacons for departure and
arrival routes.
Modern FMS installed on a 737-800WL
68
Fuel Planning Chart: 727-100
PLANNING THE FLIGHT
FUEL PLANNING
For a flight of approx. 2.5 hours, fuel planning can be estimated by using
http://onlineflightplanner.org/ or by using the Fuel Planning charts from a great
website called www.boeing-727.com.
The OnlineFlightPlanner fuel estimate gives us about 22500 lbs of fuel for a 2.5 hour
flight, while the fuel planning chart from Boeing-727.com gives us a more conservative
estimate of approx. 27000 lbs of fuel. 27,000
Source for Fuel Planning Charts:
Boeing 727-100 chart:

http://www.boeing-727.com/Data/fluidfuel/fuel%20graph%20100%20series.html
Boeing 727-200 chart:

http://www.boeing-727.com/Data/fluidfuel/fuel%20graph%20200%20series.html
To keep things simple, we’ll take the more conservative estimate and go with Fuel Planning Chart: 727-200
27,000 lbs of fuel. Write that number down, we’ll need it later.
Fuel estimate from

Write this fuel weight down! Boeing-727.com
Fuel estimate from

Online Flight Planner
PLANNING THE FLIGHT
FLIGHT ROUTE
The flight route we could take from onlineflightplanner.com is:
Write this route down!
CYYZ DCT SIKBO Q140 HANKK Q935 PONCT STAR KBOS
But what does it all mean? Here is a breakdown of this route:
• Depart from Toronto Lester B. Pearson Airport (CYYZ)

• Fly Directly to (DCT) SIKBO VOR or follow a SID (Standard Instrument Departure) route from CYYZ to SIKBO
• Navigate to SIKBO VOR
• Follow Q140 Airway
• Navigate to HANKK VOR
• Follow Q935 Airway
• Navigate to PONCT VOR
• Follow the STAR (Standard Terminal Arrival Route) from PONCT to KBOS
• Land at Boston Logan International Airport (KBOS)
Keep in mind that you can find airport charts on www.skyvector.com for US airports.
CYYZ:
http://www.fly-sea.com/charts/CYYZ.pdf
KBOS: 70
https://skyvector.com/airport/BOS/General-Edward-Lawrence-Logan-International-Airport
PLANNING THE FLIGHT Glossary for Navigation/Communication Equipment
FLIGHT ROUTE – PECULIARITIES OF THE BOEING 727

OR WHAT DOES “SLANT ALPHA” MEAN?
Our flight plan is:
CYYZ DCT SIKBO Q140 HANKK Q935 PONCT STAR KBOS
However, back in the 1960’s the network of navigation aids wasn’t as elaborate as it is today. Nowadays,
you can plug in the “PONCT” waypoint in the flight management system and the flight computer will
know what kind of navigation aid it is, where it is and where you are in relationship to it… but back In
the “good old days”, airliners would fly from VOR beacon to VOR beacon, which gave trajectories that
were approximative at best. This is why we will disregard Airways in this flight, which will not really help
us since the 727 has no way to see anything else than basic navigation beacons.
This brings us to the term “Slant Alpha”. You may hear that term in some Youtube tutorials, read about
it in flight simulation forums or even air traffic controllers when they are asking what aircraft category a
pilot is flying. In simple terms, ”Slant Alpha” means that your aircraft only has a transponder mode C
and DME (Distance Measuring Equipment) like VOR (VHF Omnidirectional Range). So, no fancy GPS
tracking for you. You will have to navigate using VORs and the CIVA INS (Delco Carousel IV-A Inertial
Navigation System), which will allow you to plug in waypoint coordinates but accumulates drift error
over time, which can make precision flying for terminal navigation close to impossible.
Therefore, in order to have the “complete 727 experience”, this tutorial will show you how to track
VORs (mainly those used for our SIDs and STARs) and also how to track waypoints entered in the CIVA.
VOR
71
WHAT IS A SID AND A STAR?
A SID (Standard Instrument Departure) is a small initial route
which leads an aircraft from the runway they've just taken off
from to the first point in his/her intended route. An airport usually
has a lot of aircraft departing from it's runways. To save confusion
(and for safety), a busy airport will publish standard routes from
it's runways to the various routes away from that airport. This way
a controller can be sure that even if a steady stream of aircraft is
leaving the airport they will all be following in a nice neat line, one
behind the other (that's the idea anyhow!).
Standard routes are the preferred method to fly from airport to

airport. This is why we use a flight plan generator. Arriving at an
airport is just the same. The STARs (STandard Arrival Routes) are
also published in chart form and allow you to fly into an airport
using standard procedures. This way, less communication is again
needed with the controllers as (once you have declared your
intention or been given a route to fly by name) the controller and
you both know exactly how you are going to approach the airport.
The end of the STAR route will normally leave your aircraft at a
position where controllers can give you final instructions to set
you up for a landing.
SIDs and STARs are quite similar to highways; they have speed
limits and altitude restrictions at certain waypoints to make sure
the air traffic is flying safely and on the same trajectory. It will be
your job to respect these restrictions as best you can.
In other words, you can see SIDs and STARs like road junctions in
the sky that lead to other waypoints and airways from or to your
desired airport. One airport has many SIDs and STARs.
Typically, SIDs and STARs are provided by the ATC (Air Traffic
Controller). Since we’re doing a tutorial, I will just give you the SID
and STAR that we’ll use.
72
PLANNING THE DEPARTURE - SID
These charts are for the SID (Standard Instrument Departure)
from Toronto Pearson (CYYZ). We intend to:
1. Spawn at Gate B22 (personal preference)
2. Taxi towards runway 05 (orientation: 057) using taxiways
3, Alpha-Juliet (AJ), Alpha (A), November (N), Echo (E),
Golf (G), Hotel (H) and holding point H6.
3. Depart from CYYZ using the LESTER SEVEN SID from CYYZ.
We will fly to a 057 heading until we reach 1000 ft, then
we will steer to a 047 heading to a target altitude of 5000
ft (FL050). We will use the PEARSON (YTP) VOR as a
reference navigation aid.
4. After that, we will climb to a cruising altitude of 33,000 ft
2: Runway 05
(holding point H6)
3: SID towards next 1: Gate B22

waypoint
73
PLANNING THE
APPROACH - STAR
These charts are for the STAR (Standard Terminal Arrival
Route) from PONCT to Boston Logan International Airport
(KBOS). This STAR is a little complicated for those not used
to land by tracking VORs, so we will simplify it a little. We
intend to:
1. Come from PONCT waypoint

2. Fly from PONCT towards the GARDNER FOUR arrival
route via PONCT -> ALB.
3. Follow the STAR (ALB -> GDM -> BOS)
4. Follow the approach towards the runway, guided by the
KBOS airport’s ILS (Instrument Landing System).
5. Land at Boston (KBOS) on runway 22L (orientation: 215
Left)
PONCT
ALB
(ALBANY) GDM
FREQ 115.3 (GARDNER)
FREQ 110.6
BOS
(BOSTON) 74
FREQ 112.7
PLANNING THE
APPROACH - ILS
These charts are for the ILS approach to Runway 22L for Boston
Logan International Airport (KBOS). We intend to:
1. Follow the approach towards the runway, guided by the KBOS

airport’s ILS (Instrument Landing System) localizer (Freq 110.3)
and by the BOSTON VOR (Freq 112.7).
2. Land at Boston (KBOS) on runway 22L (orientation: 215 Left)
75
PLANNING THE FLIGHT - SUMMARY SKY VECTOR
https://skyvector.com/
So there it is! This is more or less all the information you need to plan your flight!
CYYZ DCT SIKBO Q140 HANKK Q935 PONCT STAR KBOS TOTAL FUEL: 27,000 lbs
CYYZ SIKBO
HANKK
PONCT
Q140
Q935
KBOS
76
SPAWN IN COLD & DARK STATE
1c
1. Spawn like you normally would at Gate 22 in CYYZ
(departure airport) in the Boeing 727-100.
a) Select the 727-100
b) Click CONFIGURE and make sure the “Start with
engines running” checkbox is not ticked.
c) In the LOCATION menu, type CYYZ and click on
Pearson Intl Airport Toronto.
d) Click on LOCATION – CUSTOMIZE sub-menu, set the
STARTS option to RAMP and select Gate B22.
e) Click CONFIRM
f) Click START FLIGHT
1b
1f
1a
1d
1b
1e
77
BOARD AIRCRAFT & OPEN DOORS
1: Gate B22
Deploy Rear Boarding Stairs by pressing “LSHIFT+F1”
78
LOAD FUEL, CARGO & PASSENGERS
We will dynamically set our fuel, cargo and passenger loads
using the Weight & Balance Load Manager Control Panel.
2. Click on WnB tab
3. Set Total Fuel to 27000 lbs by clicking on the + and – 2 6d 8
buttons. You can fine-tune the fuel load with the Fuel Load
per Tank sub-menu.
4. Set Passengers by clicking in the blue squares in the First
Class and Economy Class sections. We will use a PAX weight 4 3
of 71 passengers.
5. Set Cargo by clicking in the blue squares in the Forward
6b
Cargo and Aft Cargo bays. We will use a cargo weight of
6250 lbs.
6. Now that we have decided what the aircraft will carry, we
have to verify that: 6e
a) The CG (Center of Gravity) location (blue line) is 3
within limits (pink lines). If it isn’t, you can shift
around the Fuel Load per tank, the Forward/Aft 6c 4
Cargo and the location of passengers within the
First Class and Economy Class as shown in steps 3, 4
and 5. 4
b) The Gross Weight of the aircraft (137,064 lbs) does
not exceed Max Takeoff Weight (160,000 lbs). 7 5
c) The Landing Weight of the aircraft (115,064 lbs)
does not exceed the Max Landing Weight (137,500 6b
lbs) 6c
d) The Zero Fuel Weight of the aircraft (110,064 lbs) 6d
does not exceed the Max Zero Fuel Weight
(118,000 lbs).
e) The Trip Distance available (1101 nm) is greater
than the flight plan distance (391 nm).
7. Take note of the resulting Center of Gravity (CG) position.
In our case, we have 23.64 % of MAC (Mean Aerodynamic Lower CG Limit 6a
Upper CG Limit
Chord)
CG Location
8. Once all that is done, you may now close the WnB tab by
clicking “X” on the Weight & Balance Manager window, and 79
then power up the aircraft!
9b
POWER UP AIRCRAFT 9a GUARDED
BATT OFF
9. On Overhead panel, turn on battery power
a) Set Battery switch to ON (DOWN)
b) Lock battery switch by clicking on switch safety
guard
10. Set Parking Brake (PULLED AFT = ENGAGED)
11. Set ground power ON 9a
a) Click on the Options Sub-Menu button BATT ON
b) Make sure “Connect Ground Power” is ticked
(blue)
c) Ground crew will now connect ground power to
the aircraft. The AC CONNECTED light will
illuminate when the GPU (Ground Power Unit) is
connected.
d) Set EXTERNAL POWER switch to ON to power the
aircraft with the GPU.
11c
10b
ENGAGED
11d
11a
10a
DISENGAGED
80
11b
Delco Carousel IV-A Inertial
CIVA SETUP - INSTALLATION Navigation System (CIVA INS) Panel
The CIVA (Delco Carousel IV-A) is a payware third-party add-on available on the X-Plane store. You need to buy it for 10 $ in
order to use it and install it. Link: http://store.x-plane.org/CIVA-Navigation-System_p_196.html
12. Make sure the CIVA system is installed correctly in the following directory:
C:\Program Files\X-Plane\X-Plane 11\Aircraft\Download\FJS_727_Series_V2.1703.1050\plugins\xciva
13. The CIVA is actually a plugin that needs to be activated in the Plugin Admin menu since it is de-activated by default.
a) Move your cursor in the upper section of the screen to display the Main Menu
b) Select the “Plugins –> Plugin Admin -> Enable/Disable” menu
c) Find the “CIVA for X-Plane” plugin (click NEXT to cycle plugin pages if required) and make sure it is checked in
green. The CIVA plugin will then be activated.
14. Click the Options menu and make sure the “3D CIVA INS” option is selected in the “Navigation Option” field.
14a 14b
13b
12
13c 13c
13c Not Checked Checked
81
CIVA SETUP – FLIGHT PLAN
15. First, we need to find our current location in the

world so the CIVA can have an idea of where we
are. Luckily, X-Plane can show us that kind of
data. 15e
a) Move your cursor in the upper section of
the screen to display the Main Menu
b) Click on the SETTINGS icon
c) Select DATA OUTPUT menu
d) Make sure the “Latitude, Longitude & 15c
Altitude” option is checked and click on
DONE
e) Coordinates of your current position will
now be displayed:
LATITUDE: 43.685 deg
LONGITUDE: -79.622 deg
AIRCRAFT COORDINATES
43.69 DEG NORTH, 79.62 DEG WEST
f) Un-check the “Latitude, Longitude &

Altitude” option to hide the coordinates
and click on DONE.
15d
15b
82
16. Next, we need to figure out our waypoint coordinates. Waypoint 0 is our current
location (see previous step), which is given in Decimal Degrees. However, the CIVA only
takes coordinates in Decimal Minutes Seconds. We can use a quick conversion tool
(https://www.directionsmag.com/site/latlong-converter/) to perform this conversion.
WAYPOINT 0 (CURRENT AIRCRAFT LOCATION):
LAT/LONG IN DECIMAL DEGREES: 43.69 deg North, 79.62 deg West
LAT/LONG IN DECIMAL MINUTES SECONDS: 43°41’24’’ North, 79°37’12’’ West
LAT/LONG ENTERED IN CIVA (FIRST 5 DECIMALS ONLY): 43412 North, 079371 West
17. The rest of the waypoint coordinates are already given in our Flight Plan generated on
OnlineFlightPlanner.com, which are given in the Decimal Minutes Seconds format that
the CIVA can use (phew!). Once again, only take the first five digits since the CIVA’s
precision is limited.
AIRCRAFT COORDINATES (DECIMAL DEGREES)
43.69 DEG NORTH, 79.62 DEG WEST
AIRCRAFT LOCATION Decimal Degrees

Waypoint Reference NORTH WEST
0 CYYZ 49.69 79.62
INPUT TO CIVA Decimal Minutes Seconds

Waypoint Reference NORTH WEST
0 CYYZ 43412 079371
1 SIKBO 43391 079206
2 HANKK 42534 077092
3 PONCT 42445 073485
4 KBOS 42215 071002 83
ERRATUM
A gentleman on the Internet rightly pointed out that the CIVA uses a coordinate format of “Degrees, Minutes, Tenths of Minutes”, NOT the “first five digits of Decimal
Minutes Seconds” as previously stated. This is taken directly from the CIVA manual itself.
The rest of the tutorial will follow the incorrect D:M:S format that I wrote initially since I am too lazy to re-write the whole thing, but keep in mind that the real coordinates
you should input in the CIVA are in:
Degrees, Minutes, Tenths of a Minute
Moving on…
84
CIVA SETUP – FLIGHT PLAN INPUT TO CIVA Decimal Minutes Seconds
INS ALIGNMENT Waypoint Reference NORTH WEST
0 CYYZ 43412 079371
18. Enter your current coordinates in the CIVA (Waypoint 0) and begin alignment of the INS
(Inertial Navigation System) 1 SIKBO 43391 079206
a) Set Mode Selector Knob to STBY (Standby)
2 HANKK 42534 077092
b) Set Data Selector Switch to POS (Position) and make sure Waypoint Selected is 0
c) Press the “N (2)” key to select North Latitude coordinates field of Waypoint 0 3 PONCT 42445 073485
d) Press “43412” on the keypad, then press the “INSERT” key to enter Latitude
coordinates of Waypoint 0. 4 KBOS 42215 071002
e) Press the “W (4)” key to select the West Longitude coordinates field of Waypoint 0
f) Press “079371”, then press the “INSERT” key to enter Longitude coordinates of
Waypoint 0.
18d 18f
18f
CYYZ DCT SIKBO Q140 HANKK Q935 PONCT STAR KBOS 18a
18c
18d
Click on this button to select

Waypoint 0 (current aircraft 18b
position) if not already set to 0
18e
18b
85
0 CYYZ 43412 079371
g) Set Mode Selector Knob to ALIGN to begin INS alignment
2 HANKK 42534 077092
h) Set Data Selector Switch to DSRTK/STS (Desired Track Angle / Status Code of INS)
• The code “0 95” should appear once alignment phase has begun. 3 PONCT 42445 073485
• 0 is the Status Code (0 is when Mode is not in NAV, 1 is when
Mode is in NAV) 4 KBOS 42215 071002
• 9 is the Actual Performance Index, or how precise the INS is. 9 is
the least precise, and 0 is the most precise.
• 5 is the Desired Performance Index.
i) The INS alignment counts down (0 95 is when alignment is starting, 0 55 when
coarse alignment is complete, 0 05 when full alignment is complete) until the
READY NAV light is illuminated (alignment complete). The next steps can be done INS alignment is starting INS full alignment is complete
READY NAV
while the INS aligning.
Illuminated 18i
18g
Status Code Meaning
0 95 Standby INS Warmup. Gyros run up to speed

2 minutes after warmup is completed.
0 85 Coarse Level: Gimbals aligned to the 18h

horizontal plane. Battery Unit is tested.
0 75 Coarse Azimuth: Initial Estimate of True

North.
0 65 Fine Alignment: Knowledge of True North is

refined. Gyros and accelerometers are Desired Performance Index
calibrated.
0 55 to 0 05 Refinement of alignment. The INS Mode Actual Performance Index

Selector may be advanced to NAV at any 18h
time during this mode. Status Code 86
0 CYYZ 43412 079371
j) Set the Data Selector Switch to WAYPT (Waypoint) and select Waypoint 1 SIKBO
2 HANKK 42534 077092
with the Waypoint Selector Button (reminder: Waypoint 0 is the position of the
aircraft). 3 PONCT 42445 073485
k) Press the “N (2)” key to select North Latitude coordinates field of Waypoint 1
l) Press “43391” on the keypad, then press the “INSERT” key to enter Latitude 4 KBOS 42215 071002
coordinates of Waypoint 1.
m) Press the “W (4)” key to select the West Longitude coordinates field of Waypoint 1
n) Press “079206”, then press the “INSERT” key to enter Longitude coordinates of
Waypoint 1.
o) Repeat steps j) through n) for Waypoints 2 (HANKK), 3 (PONCT) and 4 (KBOS).
p) Set Mode Selector Knob to NAV when you are done.
Waypoint 2
(HANKK)
18l 18n
18p
Waypoint 3
(PONCT)
18k
18j 18m
Waypoint 4 87
18j (KBOS)
VHF NAV SETUP – DEPARTURE 19c
19. The departure procedure (SID) we intend to take dictates that we depart from runway
05 and follow a heading of 057, then turn to 047 once we reach 1000 ft. We will use the
YTP (PEARSON) VOR as a reference.
a) Set VHF-1 NAV frequency to the frequency of the YTP VOR (116.55 as shown on
the Jeppesen chart).
b) Verify that the TFR switch is set properly, showing that the active frequency is
116.55.
c) We can see on the HSI (Horizontal Situation Indicator) that we are 1 nm from
the VOR (which is right next to the airport).
d) Set the HSI VOR Course to 057.
e) Set the RMI (Radio Magnetic Indicator) VOR/ADF 1 knob to VOR
19e
19d
19b TFR (Transfer) Switch
3: SID towards next Active Frequency

waypoint
19a 88
TAKEOFF REF V-SPEEDS
20. If you click on the “V card” sub-menu button, you will get your takeoff & landing reference V-Speeds. You
will notice that the airspeed bugs are automatically set on your airspeed indicator.
V1 is the Decision Speed (minimum airspeed in the takeoff, following a failure of the critical engine at VEF, at
which the pilot can continue the takeoff with only the remaining engines), VR is the rotation speed (airspeed
at which the pilot initiates rotation to obtain the scheduled takeoff performance), and V2 is Takeoff Safety
Speed (minimum safe airspeed in the second segment of a climb following an engine failure at 35 ft AGL).
All these V-speeds are computed by FlyJSim for you. In real life, pilots had to figure out the V-speeds
themselves by using charts and a bit of math. Modern-day FMCs (Flight Management Computers) compute
these speeds in a similar fashion, taking the aircraft’s weight, takeoff flap setting and other parameters.
Here are a couple of rule of thumbs to calculate them yourself if you feel like it:
https://www.boeing-727.com/Data/fly%20odds/thumb.html
V1 Speed Bug
(113 kts)
20
0 deg Flap Retraction 20 deg Flap Retraction

Speed Bug (200 kts) Speed Bug (13589kts)
TAKEOFF TRIM & AUTOPILOT SETUP
21. Set Stabilizer (Elevator) trim to the Takeoff Stabilizer
Trim setting obtained on the V-Card (5.15). This
value is automatically computed.
22. Set up Autopilot for departure
a) Set ALTITUDE SELECT to 5000 ft with the
black knob, which will be our first altitude
target for the initial climb segment
b) Set Airspeed Bug to the Initial Climb Speed,
which will be V2+20 ( 125 + 20 = 145 kts)
c) Set the Heading Bug to the Runway Heading 22b 22c
(057) 22a
21 Takeoff Stab Trim Setting
Takeoff Trim Setting: 5.15

Result from 23.64 % MAC (Mean Aerodynamic Chord) 90
ALTIMETER SETTING
23. Consult the CYYZ (Toronto) ATIS system via the radio to get
the altimeter setting. 23a
a) Consult the CYYZ chart and find the Toronto Pearson
ATIS Frequency (120.825). 24
b) Set VHF-1 COMM ACTIVE radio frequency ATIS
frequency (120.825). Active frequency is indicated
with a small blue light. Due to some minor X-Plane 24
quirk, in our case we had to set the frequency to
120.80 instead of 120.825 to hear the ATIS properly.
c) You should receive the ATIS automated report on
the radio for Niagara Falls. The reported altimeter
setting is 30.12 inches of Hg. 24
d) You can click on the TFR (Transfer) button to set the
ATIS frequency to the STANDBY frequency once you
have the information you need. You will then stop
hearing the ATIS broadcast.
24. Set altimeter setting to 3012 (30.12 inches of mercury) by
rotating the altimeter and standby altimeter knob. You will
23c
see that the altimeter will indicate the airport’s elevation,
which is approximately 570 ft.
TFR (Transfer) Switch

ACTIVE
23d FREQUENCY
TFR (Transfer) Switch

23b
ACTIVE
FREQUENCY
91
CABIN PRESSURE
25. On the Flight Engineer Panel, set

Cabin Pressure Switch to GROUND
28
26. Set Cabin Pressurization Mode
Selector to AUTO
27. Set FLT ALT (Flight Altitude) to our 33
cruising altitude of 33000 ft
28. Set LAND ALT (Landing Altitude) to
the Boston Logan Airport’s
elevation (19 ft, or close to 20 ft)
29. Set Control Cabin Temperature
Selector knob to AUTO 31 31
30. Set Passenger Cabin Temperature
Selector to AUTO 32
31. Press and hold both COOLING 32
27
DOORS switches to CLOSE until the
cooling doors are completely
closed.
32. Set Left and Right A/C PACK
(Pneumatic Air Conditioning Kit)
switches to OFF
33. Set Gasper Fan switch to OFF 28
29 26
30 25
Note:
Gasper Fan
The PACKs regulate cabin temperature through the mixing of hot bleed air with bleed air that has been
cooled. The cooling is done by two heat exchanges and a device called an Air Cycle Machine (ACM). Hot and
cold bleed air is mixed by an air mix valve. Immediately downstream of the turbine wheel in the ACM is a
water separator. This removes the condensed moisture that is a by-product of the ACM’s cooling of the air.
The cooling capacity of heat exchangers depends on the amount of ambient air flowing through them. This
can be controlled through the positioning of cooling doors on the aircraft’s belly that allows ram air to pass
through the heat exchangers. The Gasper Fan is an adjustable air outlet situated above each passenger seat,
which is part of the air conditioning and cabin air recirculation system.
92
DOORS
34. Close the doors by pressing LSHIFT+F1.

Door Closed
55c
Door Deployed 93
TRANSPONDER, TCAS, WEATHER RADAR & BUILT-IN TESTS 35a
35. Set up the Transponder

35b
a) Set Transponder frequency to 1200 (or as specified by ATC)
b) Set Transponder Mode to ON/ALT
36. Power up the Weather Radar by setting the SYS button to ON. A short built-in test will begin.
37. Set desired weather radar range (20 nm in our case).
38. Press the TCAS (Traffic & Collision Avoidance System) button to power up TCAS system.
39. Set Window Heat Switches – ON
38
Built-In Test
In Progress
37
39
39
36
36
94
FLIGHT ENGINEER PANEL EXPLAINED AIR
PART 4 – START-UP PROCEDURE The Flight Engineer Panel is usually pretty confusing for those who are not used to it. As a matter of fact,
the FE panel illustrates pretty well how the electrical, fuel and air systems are integrated together in the
aircraft. Here is a brief explanation of what they represent.
LEFT A/C PACK

CONTROL CABIN & PASSENGER CABIN
RIGHT A/C PACK
MAIN MANIFOLD PRESSURE (PSI) CONTROL CABIN & PASSENGER CABIN
Valve (Total Air Pressure Available) Valve
APU
BLEED AIR
ENGINE 1 Valve Valve ENGINE 2 Valve Valve ENGINE 3

BLEED AIR BLEED AIR BLEED AIR 95
FLIGHT ENGINEER PANEL EXPLAINED FUEL
PART 4 – START-UP PROCEDURE
NO. 2 FUEL TANK
FWD BOOST PUMP FWD BOOST PUMP
AFT BOOST PUMP AFT BOOST PUMP
NO. 1 FUEL TANK
FWD BOOST PUMP
AFT BOOST PUMP NO. 3 FUEL TANK

Valve ENGINE 2
AFT BOOST PUMP
FWD BOOST PUMP
Valve Crossfeed Valve
Valve
ENGINE 1
ENGINE 3
Crossfeed Valve Crossfeed Valve 96
ENGINE START-UP
APU APU GENERATOR
AUXILIARY
POWER UNIT APU BLEED AIR
GROUND EXTERNAL POWER

POWER CART FUEL
AIR PRESSURE IGNITION/STARTER

EXTERNAL AIR ENGINE START
CART ELECTRICAL POWER
ENGINE GENERATOR
ENGINE (ENGINE CROSS-START)
AIR PRESSURE
ENGINE BLEED
(RUNNING) (ENGINE CROSS-START)
FUEL PUMPS FUEL PUMPS ON
THROTTLE POSITION THROTTLE AT IDLE
ENGINE START LEVER IGNITION CONTROLLED BY ENGINE START

LEVER AT IDLE
STARTER SWITCH 97
STARTER SWITCH – GRD (GROUND)
ENGINE START-UP
NOTE: It is usually common practice to start your engines during pushback. We will start our engines before that for simplicity.
BATTERY SWITCHES ON APU GENERATOR

EXTERNAL POWER APU
FUEL FED BY GRAVITY AUXILIARY
APU START SWITCH POWER UNIT APU BLEED AIR
FUEL PUMPS ON
FUEL VALVE
THROTTLE AT IDLE
ENGINE START
ENGINE START LEVER – IDLE (IGNITION)
IGNITER/STARTER
STARTER SWITCH – GRD (GROUND)
98
3
APU (AUXILIARY POWER UNIT) START 1
On the Aft APU Panel:
1. Set APU Generator switch momentarily to TRIP (DOWN) to open
electrical circuit, then release switch to center position.
2. Set APU Generator Field Relay switch momentarily to TRIP (DOWN) to
open electrical circuit, then release switch to center position. 2
3. Set APU Master Switch to START, wait for EXH (also known as EGT,
Exhaust Gas Temperature) to rise, then set switch to ON. APU start
sequence will begin automatically. You will not need fuel pumps yet
since the fuel lines use gravity to feed the APU.
4. Monitor APU temperature (EXH) during start sequence to make sure no
overheating occurs. The temperature will first rise in the 500-600 deg C
range, then stabilize in the 300-340 deg C range.
5. Set APU Generator switch momentarily to CLOSE (UP) to close
electrical circuit, then release switch to center position. The CIRCUIT
OPEN light will extinguish.
6. Set APU Generator Field Relay switch momentarily to CLOSE (UP) to
close electrical circuit, then release switch to center position. The FIELD 4
light will extinguish.
On the Upper Flight Engineer Panel:

7. The External Ground Power switch will automatically reset itself to OFF. 5
8. Disconnect ground power ON
9
a) Click on the Options Sub-Menu button
b) Make sure “Connect Ground Power” is un-ticked 9
9. Set Galley Power switch 1/2 and 3/4 – ON (UP)
8a 6
8b 99
APU (AUXILIARY POWER UNIT) START
10. Set both left and right APU Pneumatic Cross-Feed Valve Switches -
OPEN (UP). Set the ENGINE 1 BLEED AIR and ENGINE 3 BLEED AIR
switches to OPEN (UP) as well.
11. Confirm that both Manifold Pressure needles stabilize above 30 PSI.
12. Make sure both COOLING DOORS are CLOSED.
13. Make sure the Left and Right A/C PACK (Pneumatic Air Conditioning
Kit) switches are set to OFF. This is to make sure maximum APU bleed 11
air pressure is available for engine start since the engine has a
pneumatic starter.
10a
12 12
13
13
10b
10b 10b
10b
100
ENGINE START-UP
14
14. Set all eight fuel pump switches to ON (UP).
The LOW PRESS lights should extinguish
once the pumps are running.
15. Set all throttles to IDLE (fully aft)
16. Make sure all Engine Start Levers are at
CUTOFF (DOWN).
15
Throttles
Engine Start Levers

101
ENGINE START-UP
NOTE: We will start engine 2 first, then engine 3 and
finally engine 1.
17. Set ENGINE 2 START switch to GROUND (Ground
Start) to crank up the starter.
18. Make sure the START VALVE OPEN light for the No. 2
engine illuminates on the Flight Engineer Panel.
19. When No. 2 Engine N2 indication (High Pressure
Compressor Rotation Speed) reaches 20 %, set No. 2
Engine Start Lever to IDLE (UP). This will energize
the ignition system and lightoff the engine.
20. N1 indication (Fan Speed / Low Pressure Compressor
Rotation Speed), Fuel Flow and EXH (Exhaust Gas 21
Temperature) for No. 2 Engine should increase.
21. When No. 2 Engine parameters stabilize at about
20% N1 and 60 % N2, the ENGINE 2 START switch will
automatically reset itself from GROUND to OFF. 21
22. No. 2 Engine is considered stabilized when the LOW 22
OIL PRESSURE light is extinguished.
19
21
19
21
18
17
102
ENGINE START-UP
Starting Engine 3
the ignition system and lightoff the engine. 27
26. N1 indication (Fan Speed / Low Pressure Compressor
Rotation Speed), Fuel Flow and EXH (Exhaust Gas
27. When No. 2 Engine parameters stabilize at about 27
20% N1 and 60 % N2, the ENGINE 2 START switch will
automatically reset itself from GROUND to OFF. 28
25
25
27
24
23 103
ENGINE START-UP
Starting Engine 1
the ignition system and lightoff the engine.
32. N1 indication (Fan Speed / Low Pressure Compressor 33
Rotation Speed), Fuel Flow and EXH (Exhaust Gas
33. When No. 2 Engine parameters stabilize at about
20% N1 and 60 % N2, the ENGINE 2 START switch will 33
automatically reset itself from GROUND to OFF.
31 33
33
31
30
29
104
ENGINE START-UP
PART 4 – START-UP PROCEDURE High-pressure compressor and
high-pressure turbine are driven
by the same shaft. This is N2
N2
speed in percentage of
N1 N2 maximum RPM.
N1
N2
N1 N1
Fan, low-pressure compressor and low-pressure turbine are driven by the same shaft.
This is N1 speed in percentage of maximum RPM. 105
COMPLETE PRE-FLIGHT 37
35. Set ENG 1 & 2 HYDRAULIC PUMP switches – ON. Verify that you
have positive hydraulic pressure in System A.
36. Set ELEC 1 & 2 HYDRAULIC PUMP switches – ON. Verify that you
38
have positive hydraulic pressure in System B.
37. Set BUS TIE 1, 2 and 3 switches momentarily to CLOSE (UP) to
close electrical circuit, then release switches to center position.
38. Set GENERATOR 1, 2 and 3 switches momentarily to CLOSE (UP) to 39
close electrical circuit, then release switches to center position.
39. Set FIELD 1, 2 and 3 switches momentarily to CLOSE (UP) to close
electrical circuit, then release switches to center position.
40. Set the APU Generator and Field switches to TRIP, then set APU
Master switch – OFF (DOWN)
41. Set the Left and Right A/C PACK (Pneumatic Air Conditioning Kit)
44
switches to ON.
42. Set CARGO HEAT OUTFLOW switch - NORMAL
43. Set the Gasper Fan switch – ON
44. Set Cabin Pressure switch – FLIGHT 40
40
43
42 40
41 35 36
35 36
41
106
COMPLETE PRE-FLIGHT
45. Set the Emergency Exits Lights to ARMED (Middle Position), then close the
black cover guard.
46. Landing Lights switches – ON
47. Taxi Light switch – ON
48. Runway Turnoff Lights switches – ON 58
49. Strobe Light switch – ON
50. Navigation Lights switch – ON
Spins while stall warning test is in progress
51. Beacon Light switch – ON
52. Wing Light switch – ON
53. Logo Light switch – ON
54
54. Set NO SMOKING switch – ON
55. Set FASTEN SEAT BELTS switch – ON 55
56. Set PROBE HEATERS switches – ON
57. On the overhead panel, hold the STALL WARNING switch to TEST and make
sure that you hear the stall warning sound (annoying rattle). Reset switch 57
back to NORMAL.
58. Press the GROUND PROXIMITY SYS TEST to start a series of automated tests. You
should hear a series of aural warnings like « Glide Slope » or « Pull up! »
« Windshear! » « Terrain! » « Airspeed Low! » « Sink Rate! » « Don’t sink! » « Too
low, Terrain! » « Too low, flaps! », etc.
53
52
51 45b
46
47
56
48
49 45a
50 107
COMPLETE PRE-FLIGHT
59. As per the V-speed card, we intend to
takeoff with flaps at 20 degrees. Set flaps
lever to 20 degrees
60. Verify that outboard and inboard flaps
are at 20 deg
61. Verify that both Yaw Damper switches
are engaged
59
60
61 60
61
108
PUSHBACK
1. Verify that Anti-Skid switch is ON
2. Make sure parking brake is released (FWD) and that BRAKE LIGHT is
extinguished 1
3. Press the GROUND CREW CALL button to contact ground crew personnel
4. Set desired pushback orientation (distance and turn angle and tail
direction).
5. Use “Ghost” option if needed to see a predicted projection of the aircraft.
6. Click AUTO to start pushback.
3
PART 5 – TAXI
2a
Parking Brake Engaged (PULLED)
2b
6
5 Parking Brake Released (FWD) 109

PART 5 – TAXI PUSHBACK
110
TAXI
The 727 is steered on the ground by using a tiller. X-
Plane allows you to map an axis to the tiller.
PART 5 – TAXI
Nosewheel Tiller
Axis
Nose Wheel Steering Tiller

(used to steer aircraft on the ground)
111
TAXI
• Our Flight Number for today will be AAL119 and
we spawned at gate B22.
• After we performed pushback from gate B22,
we would typically contact the tower for
guidance by saying « AAL119, requesting taxi. »
• The tower would then grant you taxi clearance
by saying « AAL119, taxi to holding position H6
Runway 05 via taxiways 3, Alpha-Juliet (AJ),
Alpha (A), November (N), Echo (E), Golf (G),
PART 5 – TAXI
Hotel (H).
• This means that we will follow the A line, then
turn left to the N line, then follow G and H line
until holding point H6… and then hold there
until we get our clearance for takeoff.
Runway 05
(holding point H6)
Gate B22
112
TAXI
Check signs to follow the

PART 5 – TAXI
taxi route towards the

holding point (H6)
113
PART 5 – TAXI TAXI
114
EPR Bug EPR Bug EPR Bug
TAKEOFF
PART 6 – TAKEOFF, CLIMB & CRUISE
1. Line up on the runway
2. Set Auto-Brake Switch – RTO (Rejected
Takeoff)
3. Verify that your flaps are set to 20 as per
the V-speed card
5
4. Set your EPR (Engine Pressure Ratio)
bugs to the NORMAL EPR written on the
4 4
V-speed card. 4
5. Release parking brake and hold wheel
brakes
115
TAKEOFF
6. Set Autopilot PITCH SELECTOR
to PITCH HOLD
7. Set Autopilot NAV SELECTOR
to TURN KNOB
8. Hold brakes and throttle up to
an EPR of maximum 2.15 EPR
(Normal Engine Pressure
Ratio as per V-speed card).
You can also use a maximum
N1 of 97.4 % as a reference. 7
9. Release brakes and accelerate
116
TAKEOFF
10. As you speed up to 80 kts, the First Officer will call out « 80 knots ».
The airspeed indicator comes alive at that speed.
11. Once you reach V1 (Decision Speed, 113 kts), start a gentle
rotation.
12. Once confirm a « Positive Rate », retract landing gear by setting the
Landing Gear Lever UP, waiting for the landing gear to retract, and
then setting the gear lever to the OFF (Middle) position to lock it.
V1 Speed Bug
(113 kts)
12b
12a
20 deg Flap Retraction

0 deg Flap Retraction Speed Bug (135 kts)
Speed Bug (200 kts)
117
TAKEOFF
PART 6 – TAKEOFF, CLIMB & CRUISE 19 13
13. Engage autopilot AFTER TAKEOFF NORMAL MANEUVERING SPEEDS

14. Make sure Heading Bug is set to 047 KTS IAS
deg and selected altitude is 5000 ft 16
FLAPS BELOW MAX ABOVE MAX LANDING
15. Arm ALTITUDE SELECT autopilot mode
(DEG) LANDING WEIGHT WEIGHT 15
16. When climbing above 1000 ft, engage
HEADING SELECT autopilot mode. 0 200 210
Make sure the MODE SELECTOR on the 2 190 200
glareshield is set to OFF.
17. Aircraft will now steer to 047 as set by 5 160 170
the Heading Select bug. 15 150 160
18. Set the Flight Director PITCH 25 140 150
COMMAND knob as shown to allow a
smooth climb NOTE: FOR MANEUVERS IMMEDIATELY AFTER TAKE-OFF
EXCEEDING 15 DEG BANK, MAINTAIN AT LEAST V2 + 10 KTS AT
19. Rise flaps as per flaps schedule. TAKE-OFF FLAPS
a) Set flaps to 15 at 150 kts
b) Set flaps to 5 at 160 kts
c) Set flaps to 2 at 190 kts Heading Bug
d) Set flaps to 0 at 200 kts 16
18 14
17b
14
Aircraft will steer to line

up orange heading bug 17a
with current heading 118
TAKEOFF
119
Cruising Altitude
CLIMB 33000 ft
1. Set Selected Airspeed Bug to 250 kts SID Target Altitude
(5000 ft)
2. Set Autopilot PITCH SELECTOR to IAS HOLD (Airspeed Hold).
The aircraft will now climb while maintaining this speed.
3. When reaching 5,000 ft (the end of the first climb
segment): 5
a) Landing Lights switches – ON
b) Taxi Light switch – ON Takeoff
c) Runway Turnoff Lights switches – ON
d) The ALT light wlil turn green when target altitude
has been reached.
e) Set Selected Altitude to cruising altitude of 33000 ft
f) Press the ALT SEL button to arm the Altitude Select
autopilot mode.
4. Set Autobrake switch – DISARM
5. Throttle back to a cruise setting of 92 % N1. 3e
3f
3b
3a 2 120 1
3c
CLIMB
PART 6 – TAKEOFF, CLIMB & CRUISE 8
6. To track the waypoints we entered in our CIVA,

we will choose what waypoint we want to track
first. Press the WY PT CHG (Waypoint Change)
button and press “01”.
7. The FROM-TO display will now show 01, meaning 11
that we are flying FROM waypoint 0 (which is the
7
position of the aircraft) TO waypoint 1 (SIKBO).
8. Set NAV SELECTOR to AUX NAV to set the CIVA as
the data source that drives the autopilot.
9. Set the Autopilot Mode Selector switch to
NAV/LOC.
10. The aircraft will now steer from your current
position (waypoint 0) towards waypoint 1
(SIKBO).
11. Set the CIVA Data Selector Switch to DIS/TIME to
display the distance from tracked waypoint (in 9 6
nautical miles) and the time to waypoint (in
minutes). The picture shows that we are 13 nm 11
from waypoint 1 and that we will cross it in 2.9
minutes.
10
121
CLIMB
12. Once you have reached waypoint 1 (SIKBO), press
WY PT CHG button, then type “02” on the CIVA 12
keypad. The aircraft will then track from your
current location to Waypoint 2 (HANKK).
13. As we can see, the estimated distance is quite
similar to what SkyVector gave us. Repeat those
steps to track Waypoint 3 (PONCT) and finally
Waypoint 4 (KBOS).
Current Location
122
CLIMB 15a
PART 6 – TAKEOFF, CLIMB & CRUISE 15b
14. Once you pass transition altitude (3000 ft in Europe, 18000 ft in the US), adjust altimeter setting to
standard barometric pressure (29.92 in Hg). Do it SLOWLY or your autopilot will start freaking out
since you are changing his pressure reference. Using STANDARD pressure is done in order to use
flight levels as a reference. This means you will be using a standard barometric pressure of 29.92 in
Hg, which is also used by other aircraft in the airspace instead of a local one given by an Air Traffic
Controller. If pilots don’t use a “standard” barometric pressure, different aircraft may collide in flight
since they don’t use the same pressure to define their current altitude. This is why higher altitudes
are defined as “flight levels” (i.e. FL330 would be 33000 ft).
15. When you reach your cruising ceiling (33,000 ft), the autopilot will automatically set itself in the
Altitude Hold mode. The amber ALT SELECT will turn to green, meaning altitude has been captured.
Altitude (33000 ft) not captured Altitude (33000 ft) captured
Transition Altitude (U.S. system)
14
14
123
CLIMB
124
CRUISE
1. When reaching cruising altitude, the autopilot
will start levelling off.
2. Once levelled off to 33000 ft, set Airspeed Bug
to Mach 0.78.
3. Set Autopilot PITCH SELECTOR to MACH HOLD.
The autopilot will now hold a Mach speed of
0.78, meaning that your cruising altitude will 2
vary a little bit to maintain that speed. Keep in
mind that you will have to adjust your throttle
to control your cruising altitude and keep it
constant. (Yep, there is no autothrottle on this
bad boy).
3b
125
3a
CRUISE
4. When you fly over a waypoint, the CIVA will automatically follow the next one. The FROM-TO
menu will indicate which leg you are currently following. As an example, the CIVA in the picture to
the right shows that we are following the leg from Waypoint 2 (HANKK) to Waypoint 3 (PONCT).
4
Alternatively, you can use the WY PT CHG technique by typing 0 (your current location) followed by
the waypoint number you want to track, as shown before. This method is like a DIRECT TO since it
will direct the autopilot directly from your position to the waypoint you want to track.
Current Location
126
CRUISE
127
CRUISE
128
CRUISE
129
Introduction to Autopilot
Sperry SP-50 Autopilot Control Panel
Many newcomers in the flight simulation world have this
idea that the autopilot is the answer to EVERYTHING. And
I mean: e-v-e-r-y-t-h-i-n-g. Spoiler alert: it’s not. The
autopilot is a tool to help you fly to reduce your workload,
not a tool to replace the pilot. The autopilot should be
seen as a system that can make your life easier.
PART 7 – AUTOPILOT
Now, why am I saying this? Because some people’s

knowledge of modern autopilot systems is summed up in
“hit LNAV and VNAV, then go watch an episode of Mayday
while the aircraft does all the work”. Beware! The Boeing
727 has no ordinary autopilot: it is equipped with the
Sperry SP-50. This is old school. Basically, the Sperry will
let you control the aircraft laterally and vertically in a
number of ways. Keep in mind that there is no auto-
throttle system, which means that the aircraft can start Flight Director Modes and
abruptly pitching up to increase its angle of attack in order Commands
to increase lift if you are asking for a flight parameter (like
altitude) to be maintained while not enough power is
available to maintain said parameter.
There are three main components to the Autopilot

• The Sperry Autopilot Panel
• The Flight Director
• The APD (Approach Progress Display), which is basically
the ancestor of the FMA (Flight Mode Annunciator)
installed on modern the Boeing 737 and 747.
APD (Approach Progress Display) for

Autopilot (A/P) and Flight Director (F/D)
130
Sperry SP-50 Control Panel
Autopilot Heading Autopilot Engage

Selector Button Switch
Autopilot Vertical Autopilot Roll
Speed Selector (Turn) Selector Autopilot ENG
(Engaged) Light
Autopilot Altitude
Autopilot Pitch Selector Selector Button Sperry SP-50 Autopilot Navigation (Mode) Selector
• MACH HOLD: Aircraft pitch varies to maintain a constant Mach number • AUX NAV: Auxiliary Navigation (CIVA, X-FMC)
• IAS HOLD: Aircraft pitch varies to maintain a constant Indicated • NAV LOC: Navigation Localizer
Autopilot Altitude Select • TURN KNOB: Autopilot Roll/Turn Selector Mode
Airspeed
• PITCH HOLD: Aircraft varies airspeed to maintain a constant pitch Mode ARM Light (Armed) • AUTO G/S: Automatic Glide Slope (ILS)
• VERT SPEED: Aircraft varies airspeed and pitch to maintain a constant • MAN G/S: Manual Glide Slope
vertical speed (climb/descent rate) Autopilot Altitude Select
Mode ENG Light (Engaged)
131
Flight Director Control Panel Flight Director (Autopilot) Mode Selector
GA: Go-Around
OFF: Autopilot Off
HDG: Heading Select
NAV/LOC: Navigation/Localizer
APPR AUTO: Automatic Approach (ILS)
APPR MAN: Manual Approach
Flight Director Pitch Command

Sets aircraft pitch manually
Airspeed Bug (IAS HOLD)
Altitude Hold
Altitude Selected
Heading Bug (HEADING SELECT)
Altitude Select Knob
132
APD (Approach Progress Display)
Autopilot Mode Description

IAS/MACH HOLD Vertical autopilot changes aircraft attitude to hold
indicated airspeed or Mach Number
VERT SPEED Vertical autopilot changes aircraft attitude to hold
vertical speed
PITCH HOLD Vertical autopilot maintains aircraft attitude by varying

airspeed and altitude
ALT HOLD Vertical autopilot changes aircraft attitude to maintain
current altitude
ALT SELECT Vertical autopilot changes aircraft attitude to fly to
target altitude
GLIDE SLOPE Vertical autopilot changes aircraft attitude maintain an
adequate glide slope on approach (requires an ILS)
HDG Lateral autopilot tracks selected heading
AUX NAV Lateral autopilot tracks auxiliary navigation systems like

CIVA waypoints
VOR/LOC Lateral autopilot arms autopilot to capture and track a
selected VOR or LOC course.
VERTICAL MODE
LATERAL MODE APD (Approach Progress Display) for Autopilot (A/P) and Flight Director (F/D)
• GO AROUND
• ALT SELECT
• ALT (Altitude Hold)
• HDG (Heading Hold)
• VOR/LOC (Localizer)
• GLIDE SLOPE
• GPS
• FLARE
Note: Amber means ARMED (as in trying to capture a localizer), Green Means 133
CAPTURED (as In Glide Slope is captured).
PLANNING DESCENT
PART 8 – APPROACH & LANDING So, you’ve finally made it all the way up to
your cruising altitude? Congrats! Now, we
have a bit of planning to do.
First, let’s introduce you to the ILS (Instrument

Landing System). This system exists to guide
you during your approach.
• The Localizer is generally an array of
antennas that will give you a lateral Localizer Array Station at Hannover Glide Slope Station at Hannover
reference to the center of the runway.
• The Glide Slope station will help you
determine the descent speed you need in Great video explanation of ILS
order to not smack the runway in a https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KVtEfDcNMO8
smoldering ball of fire.
Lateral Axis
Vertical Axis 134

PLANNING THE
APPROACH - STAR
PART 8 – APPROACH & LANDING
These charts are for the STAR (Standard Terminal Arrival
Route) from PONCT to Boston Logan International Airport
(KBOS). This STAR is a little complicated for those not used
to land by tracking VORs, so we will simplify it a little. We
intend to:
1. Come from PONCT waypoint

2. Fly from PONCT towards the GARDNER FOUR arrival
route via PONCT -> ALB.
3. Follow the STAR (ALB -> GDM -> BOS)
4. Follow the approach towards the runway, guided by the
KBOS airport’s ILS (Instrument Landing System).
5. Land at Boston (KBOS) on runway 22L (orientation: 215
Left)
PONCT
ALB
(ALBANY) GDM
FREQ 115.3 (GARDNER)
FREQ 110.6
BOS
(BOSTON) 135
FREQ 112.7
Here is a great link to know how to read these charts properly:
PLANNING DESCENT https://community.infinite-flight.com/t/how-to-read-an-approach-chart/8952 Cruise ALB
PART 8 – APPROACH & LANDING 33,000 ft 7000 ft
Final Approach Course: 215

This is the heading you will take when
approaching for final landing.
GDM
5000 ft
Minimums Decision Height: 200 LAND
ft KBOS
This is the minimum “decision height”
(DH) during landing. If you go lower than
200 ft above ground level, you are
committed to land no matter what
happens. Above 200 ft, you can still miss
your approach and go around. Take note
of the Airport Elevation (19) and the TDZE
(Touchdown Zone Elevation) of 16 ft.
ILS Frequency: 110.3 MHz

This is the ILS system frequency you will
track to guide your aircraft for landing.
ATIS Frequency: 135.0

The ATIS (Automatic Terminal Information
Service) will provide you valuable
information including wind direction and
speed, and the altimeter setting required
for landing.
Missed Approach Standby

Frequency: 112.7 MHz
VOR BOS will be the beacon we will track
in case we miss our approach and have to
go around.
Missed Approach Procedure

In case we miss our approach, the
procedure is to climb to 3000 ft then
follow the BOS VOR and hold.
136
PLANNING DESCENT
1. So we are finally approaching Boston by following leg 34 on the CIVA (PONCT-KBOS). For descent, we will track
VORs instead of CIVA waypoints since they are easier to track and the CIVA has accumulated drift during the
flight, which will make the approach more difficult than it needs to be.
137
PLANNING DESCENT
2. Set VHF-1 NAV Active frequency to 115.3
(ALBANY VOR) and set the VHF-1 NAV
Standby frequency to 110.6 (GARDNER
VOR).
3. Set VHF-1 COMM Radio Active frequency to
135.0 (Logan International ATIS).
Active Frequency
2 2
138
ALT SELECT (AMBER) =
PLANNING DESCENT Selected Altitude Mode Armed
Selected Altitude is not yet captured
4. Set a course of 111 on the HSI (Horizontal 10
5
Situation Indicator) to approach the ALBANY
VOR from a heading of 111 degrees. VOR LOC (GREEN) =
5. Set NAV SELECTOR to NAV LOC to make the Localizer is captured! 5
11
autopilot track the VOR instead of the CIVA
waypoints. Make sure the MODE SELECTOR is
also set to NAV/LOC. The VOR LOC will be
amber when the localizer is not captured, and
7
it will turn to green when localizer is captured.
6. Distance from VOR ALB (ALBANY) is displayed
on the HSI (Horizontal Situation Indicator). On
this image, we are 25 nm from ALB.
6 9
7. Set airspeed bug to descent speed of 250 kts.
8. Set PITCH SELECTOR to IAS HOLD. The aircraft
will try to maintain this speed during descent.
9. Set ALTITUDE SELECT to 7000 ft (ALB altitude
restriction).
10. Arm the ALT SEL mode on the Autopilot 4
control panel.
11. Set throttles to IDLE and start descent.
8
5
Distance and Time to CIVA

Waypoint 4 (KBOS Airport)
149 nm / 21.6 minutes
10 139
DESCENT
1. As you set your throttle to IDLE and start descending, watch carefully the HSI
(Horizontal Situation Indicator) and make sure that you are tracking the ALB VOR in
the correct direction. The white arrow points towards the tracked VOR beacon. You
can also check if the Distance to VOR is decreasing or increasing.
Your aircraft
heading
Aircraft not aligned with VOR radial
Distance to
VOR (nm)
Course (Radial) to VOR
Aircraft aligned with VOR radial
White Arrow:
TO VOR
Deviation from radial trajectory.
As you align yourself with VOR
Radial, the two lines will
eventually line up together.
Radial 111 to
VOR ALB
140
DESCENT 3 AFTER TAKEOFF NORMAL MANEUVERING SPEEDS
PART 8 – APPROACH & LANDING KTS IAS
2. When reaching the transition level of 18000 ft, set FLAPS BELOW MAX ABOVE MAX LANDING
barometric pressure to the altimeter setting specified by the (DEG) LANDING WEIGHT WEIGHT
ATIS (30.09 in Hg). Also set the Radio Altimeter bug to 200 ft
0 200 210
(Decision Height).
3. Deploy flaps as per flaps schedule. 2 190 200
a) Set airspeed bug to 190 kts, wait for the aircraft to 5 160 170 2
slow down, then set flaps to 2 at 190 kts 2
b) Set airspeed bug to 160 kts, wait for the aircraft to 15 150 160
slow down, then set flaps to 5 at 160 kts 25 140 150
c) Set airspeed bug to 150 kts, wait for the aircraft to
NOTE: FOR MANEUVERS IMMEDIATELY AFTER TAKE-OFF
slow down, then set flaps to 15 at 150 kts EXCEEDING 15 DEG BANK, MAINTAIN AT LEAST V2 + 10 KTS AT
d) Set airspeed bug to 140 kts, wait for the aircraft to TAKE-OFF FLAPS
slow down, then set flaps to 25 at 140 kts
2
When reaching 10,000 ft:
4. Landing Lights switches – ON
5. Taxi Light switch – ON
6. Runway Turnoff Lights switches – ON
7. Auto-Brake Switch - MED 2 3a
7
3a
4
5
6 141
DESCENT
If airspeed is dropping too low, don’t be scared to
throttle up a little. Once again, the aircraft does not
have an auto-throttle… so the aircraft pitch will vary
with throttle input and selected autopilot modes, which
act on the flight control surfaces. If you’re going too fast,
using the speed brake lever is also a viable option.
8. When you cross ALB (Albany), don’t track the GDM

(Gardner) yet. It is too far to be picked up yet.
Instead, use the instructions from the chart. We will
follow the same heading, overfly ALB, then continue
for 44 more miles before switching to GDM.
9. When you are 44 nm FROM Albany with a heading
of 111, switch VHF-1 NAV Active Frequency by using Active Frequency
the TFR (Transfer) Switch.
10. Set Course to 114 to line up the aircraft with radial 9
114 to GMD (Gardner) VOR.
11. Set ALTITUDE SELECT to 5000 ft and arm the ALT SEL
autopilot mode.
12. Keep controlling your descent rate and attitude with
your throttle.
10
11
10
ALB is 2 nm
ALB is 2 nm ALB is 45 nm
behind you 9 Tracking GDM VOR 142
in front of you behind you
SET UP APPROACH
13. Once you crossed the GDM (Gardner) VOR, set VHF-1 Standby Frequency to 112.7
(BOS, Boston VOR), then use the TFR (Transfer) switch to set it as the active
frequency
14. Set Course to 210 to line up the aircraft with radial 210 to GMD (Gardner) VOR.
15. The aircraft will keep its current heading until the aircraft intercepts the BOS radial
210. When the radial is intercepted, the autopilot will steer the aircraft and line it up
with the runway.
16. Keep controlling your altitude and attitude with your throttle.
Active Frequency
13b
14
15a 15b
Intercepting BOS VOR Lined up with BOS

VOR Radial 143
Tracking BOS VOR Radial 210
Overflying GDM VOR 13a
PART 8 – APPROACH & LANDING SET UP APPROACH
144
FINAL APPROACH
1. When the BOS VOR is tracked (VOR/LOC in green), set up the
VHF-1 Radio Navigation active frequency to the ILS Localizer
frequency (110.3)
2. Set the Localizer Course to 215 as per the ILS chart
3. Set the NAV SELECTOR switch to AUTO G/S (Glide Slope) and 3 3
make sure the MODE SELECTOR is set to APPR AUTO.
4. VOR/LOC light will be amber when attempting to capture the
localizer, and will illuminate in green once localizer is captured 4
5. GLIDE SLOPE light will be amber when attempting to capture
the glide slope, and will illuminate in green once glide slope is
captured. 5
6. Set Landing Gear lever DOWN to deploy landing gear
145
FINAL APPROACH Localizer Captured 10
7. Click on the V CARD option button and select the LANDING tab. A recommended landing flaps
setting and reference speed will be calculated for you. In our case, we will do our final approach Glide Slope Captured 10
with flaps 30 with an approach speed of 119 kts.
8. Use the Airspeed Bug to set the aircraft speed to 119 kts.
9. Set flaps to 30 deg when airspeed is stabilized to VREF+5 (124 kts).
10. Once localizer (lateral component) and glide slope (vertical component) of approach path are
both captured and tracked by autopilot,
NOTE: If for some reason you decide to do a manual landing instead, a good procedure is to
disconnect the Autopilot switch and land the aircraft visually.
8
146
PART 8 – APPROACH & LANDING FINAL APPROACH
147
LANDING 3c
1. At your Decision Height (200 ft), you will hear the « Minimums » audio cue. Below
this altitude, you are now commited to land.
2. At 1500 ft, if autopilot remains engaged, the FLARE autopilot mode is armed. This
indicates the auto-flare mode is armed if you want to use it.
3. At 200 ft, disengage autopilot and land manually. 2
4. Throttle back to IDLE and gently flare before touchdown.
3a
3b
148
LANDING
5. On touchdown, push the nose into the ground to improve adherence with the runway and maximize braking (the Autobrake system will already brake
for you)
149
Thrust Reverser
LANDING 7 not engaged
6. Set the throttle at IDLE first, then press the “TOGGLE THRUST
REVERSERS” binding. This will link your throttle axis to the thrust
reverser lever axis.
7. Move your throttle forward to move the thrust reverser lever AFT.
This will illuminate the REVERSER OPERATING lights and engage
internal clam-shell thrust reversers to MAX REV. Deploy thrust
reversers until you slow down enough to vacate the runway safely.
8. Once landed safely, set your throttle back to IDLE and press the
“TOGGLE THRUST REVERSERS” binding again to reset your throttle
axis.
9. Retract flaps and throttle up to taxi towards parking spot.
Throttle at IDLE
Thrust Reverser at
MAX REV
Throttle
150 at IDLE
PART 8 – APPROACH & LANDING LANDING
151
152
153

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X-PLANE 11 GUIDE

The flight tutorial is structured as follows:

• Familiarize yourself with the cockpit layout

CIVA Tutorial by TheAlmightySnark (Mudspike)

Boeing 727-200 CBT (Computer Based Training)

Froogle Sims 727 First Impressions (Two Parts) (Youtube)

15 NM ARC – Cold and Dark Tutorial (Youtube)

Microphone Selector Lights

Audio Panel Volume Tuner

Audio Navigation System Receiver Selector

Autopilot Disengage Button

Control Wheel / Yoke

Compass RMI (Radio

Pitch Indicator Radio Altimeter

Glide Slope Flag

ADI Test Knob

Slip Indicator Standby ADI Caging

Altimeter Barometric Setting

Vertical Speed Indicator

DME (Distance Measuring

MDA (Mean Decision

Altitude Alert Annunciator Marker Beacon

Marker Beacon Light: Airways

Marker Beacon Light: Middle

Marker Beacon Light: Outer

Left Elevator Position Indicator

Right Elevator Position Indicator

Upper Yaw Damper

Lower Rudder Position Indicator

Lower Rudder Yaw Damper Disengaged Light

Lower Yaw Damper

Engine Pressure Ratio

Engine 1 EXT/EGT (Exhaust Gas Temperature)

Fuel Flow Indicator (x1000 lbs/hour)

Engine model used. The -9 refers to

Inboard Flaps Indicator

Leading Edge Flaps (Amber)

Leading Edge Flaps (Green)

Engine Low Oil Pressure Lights

Master Warning Push-Light

Landing Gear Lever

Flaps Limits (Indicated Airspeed)

Windshield Air Knob

Foot Air Knob

Audio Selector Panel

Flight Director (Autopilot) Flight Director Fire Extinguisher

HOLD Key Delco Carousel IV-A Inertial

Waypoint Selected WARN Warning Light

BAT Warning Light

ALERT Warning Light

CIVA Data Selector Switch INSERT Key

TCAS Message Button

TCAS (Traffic Collision Weather Radar Screen

Weather Radar Screen

Weather Radar Power (SYS) Switch