Pre-Course Section Exercise
Pre-Course Section Exercise
Pre-Course Section Exercise
155 Column1 70
157 69
158 Mean 162 68
158 Standard Error 0.965183375 69
159 Median 161 70
160 Mode 160 71
160 Standard Deviation 4.3164312745 71
160 Sample Variance 18.631578947 69
160 Kurtosis 0.8571338715 71
160 Skewness 0.850776058 72
162 Range 18
162 Minimum 155
162 Maximum 173
164 Sum 3240
164 Count 20
165
165
168 Mean 162
168 Median 161
173 Mode 160
Range 18
Standard
Deviation
(sampling) 4.31643127
Standard
Deviation (total
population) 4.20713679
2. MEAN / MEDIAN / MODE /
RANGE / STANDARD DECIATION
Column1 70 Column1
69
Mean 3 68 Mean 3
Standard Error 0.148964681 69 Standard Error 0.148964681
Median 3.1 70 Median 3.1
Mode 3.1 71 Mode 3.1
Standard Deviation 0.5769377288 71 Standard Deviation 0.5769377288
Sample Variance 0.3328571429 69 Sample Variance 0.3328571429
Kurtosis -0.421364577 71 Kurtosis -0.4213645773
Skewness 0.077251257 72 Skewness 0.077251257
Range 2.1 Range 2.1
Minimum 2 Minimum 2
Maximum 4.1 Maximum 4.1
Sum 45 Sum 45
Count 15 Count 15
Mean 70 Mean 70
Median 70 Median 70
Mode 69 Mode 69
Range 4 Range 4
Standard Standard
Deviation Deviation
(sampling) 1.2472191 (sampling) 1.2472191289
Standard Standard
Deviation Deviation
(total (total
population) 1.183216 population) 1.1832159566
Mode Multi-1 69
Mode Multi-2 71
Weight (Kg)
7070 7
69
68
67
66
1 2 3 4 5
Mr. Peter
68
66
64
62
1 2 3 4
64
62
1 2 3 4
Mr. Iqbal Weight Chart
72
70.6 70.7
71.03
70.2 70 70
69.8 69.6 69.11
68
3 4 5 6 7 8
73.93
72 72
71
70 70
69 69
68 68
66.07
3 4 5 6 7 8
3 4 5 6 7 8
Cp and Cpk Calculator (Process is CAPABLE if Cp>1). TO C
1) No Mean Shift - Cp Calculation
a) USL / LSL / σ or s given
USL 545 Cp 1.59
LSL 535 Sigma Level 4.76
σ or s 1.05
c) SW and PW given
SW 72 Cp 1.06
PW 68 Sigma Level 3.18
Cpk(USL) 1.67
Cpk(LSL) 1.67
BLE if Cp>1). TO Calculate SIGMA LEVEL in VARIABLE DATA
SW = Specification Width = USL - LSL
Driver Sleeping - 17, Signal Fault - 4, Track Fault - 8, Engine Fault - 12, Animals on Track - 3, Unmanned crossing -1, Others - 3, S
Solutions:
Arrange in descending orders 100.00
90.00
Cumulative 80.00
Causes No. of Case Percentage Percentage
70.00
Driver Sleeping 17 34.00 34.00
60.00
Engine Fault 12 24.00 58.00
50.00
Track Fault 8 16.00 74.00
40.00
Signal Fault 4 8.00 82.00
30.00
Animals on Track 3 6.00 88.00
20.00
Sabotage 2 4.00 92.00
Unmanned crossing 1 2.00 94.00 10.00
Others 3 6.00 100.00 -
ng a ul t a ul t a ul t ck
epi F F F Tra
le ne a ck al n
er S ngi Tr i gn l so Sa
ir v E S a
D im
total 50 100.00 An m
Un
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
No. of Cumulative
Complaints Percentage 100.00
Complaints Percentage
90.00
80.00
70.00
60.00
100.00
90.00
80.00
70.00
60.00
50.00
40.00
30.00
20.00
10.00
0 0 0
E PERCENTAGE COLUMN".
.00 18
.00 16
.00 14
.00
12
.00
10
.00
8
.00
6
.00 No. of Case
.00 4 Cumulative Percentage
.00 2
- 0
ng a ul t a ul t a ul t ck a ge ng rs
epi F F F Tra ot s si the
le ne a ck al n b cr
o O
er S ngi Tr i gn l so Sa
ed
iv E S a n
im an
An m
Un
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
100.00 12
90.00
10
80.00
70.00
8
60.00
100.00 12
90.00
10
80.00
70.00
8
60.00
No. of Complaints
50.00 6
Cumulative Percentage
40.00
4
30.00
20.00
2
10.00
- 0
HISTOGRAM EXERCISE
A) INSTRUCTIONS:
% Marks Obtained 1. Find the binary by the fo
School - A School - B 2. Click Data. Click Data Ana
96 90 3. Select the input range, b
91 81 4. Change the TITLE name a
91 81 5. Remove the BAR gap by
91 81 B) HISTOGRAM GRAPHS 6. Click the column graph a
82 73 RULE OF THUMB FOR THE INTERVALS
82 73 is SQUARE ROOT OF READINGS His
82 73 BINARY Frequency
82 73 7.071068 14 0 18
16
82 73 OR 7 INTERVALS 28 2 14
No. of Students
82 73 42 4 12
10
77 66 BINARY 56 11
8
77 66 14 70 16 6
77 66 28 84 13 4
2
77 66 42 98 4 0
77 66 56 More 0 14 28
77 66 70
77 66 84
68 61 98
68 61 BINARY Frequency
68 61 14 0 H
68 61 28 0 25
68 61 42 0
20
68 61 56 17
No. of Students
68 61 70 23 15
68 61 84 9 10
68 61 98 1 5
62 58 More 0 0
62 58 14 28
62 58
62 58
62 58
62 58
62 58 C) MEASURES OF CENTRAL TENDENCY:
55 55 School A School B
55 55 Average / Mean 64.18 61.74
55 55 Median 68 61
55 55 Mode 68 61
55 55 Min 23 50
55 55 Max 96 90
47 53 Range 73 40
47 53 Standard Deviation 17.03255 9.266736 Population
47 53 Standard Deviation 17.20547 9.360817 Sampling
47 53
47 53
38 51
38 51
38 51
38 51
23 50
23 50
INSTRUCTIONS:
1. Find the binary by the formula of Square Root of Readings
2. Click Data. Click Data Analysis. Click Histogram
3. Select the input range, binary range, output range and click chart output
4. Change the TITLE name and Frequency name
5. Remove the BAR gap by clicking the column graph and click the option "NO GAP"
6. Click the column graph and click the on the FORMAT OPTIONS - remove the "FILL COLOR" AND CLICK the desired "OUTLINE COLOR".
18
14
28
0
2
His
16 20
14 42 4
15
No. of Students
12 56 11
Frequency
10 10
70 16
8 5
6 84 13
4 0
98 4
2 14 28 42 56
0 More 0
B
14 28 42 56 70 84 98 More
BINARY
Histogram School-B
25
20
No. of Students
15
10
5
0
14 28 42 56 70 84 98 More
BINARY
the desired "OUTLINE COLOR".
Histogram
20
15
Frequency
10 Frequency
5
0
14 28 42 56 70 84 98 More
Bin
SCATTER DIAGRAM - CORRELATION INSTRUCTIONS:
1. Highlight the data (2 column e.g. Wt and Km/Lit colum
2. Click Insert, Click Scatter.
3. Click one of the points on the scatter diagram, then ri
4. Click "Display Equation on Chart", Click "Display R sq
5. R = √R² from R squared of Charts.
6. Other way is to type "=CORREL(1st column data range
7. CTP if R = -0.7 to -1.0 or 0.7 to 1.0; NOT CTP WEAK CO
r= -0.96631
OR r= 0.966333
WT KG KM/LIT
WT KG 1
KM/LIT -0.96631 1
Additional Exercise
Exercise -
Independent Variable
(System Size in Dependent Variable 600
Function Points) (Effort in work months)
1 800 20 500
2 300 10
400
Efort in Works
3 1500 80
4 500 15 300
5 1800 90
200
6 3000 220
7 5500 400 100
8 4000 300
9 6500 500 0
0 1000 2000 3000
10 4500 310
System Size in Fu
r= 0.997
Therefore X is CTP
APPENDIX 6 EXERCISE
r= 0.978
c) Average No. of ERRORS when front cover story was changed VS. when story was not changed
he scatter diagram, then right click, then click trendline, Click linear.
Chart", Click "Display R squared on Chart".
Chart Title
WT KG KM/LIT
WT KG 1
KM/LIT -0.96631 1
== -- 0.007677665x
0.007677665x + 26.8697969543
+ 26.8697969543
0.9337596361
0.9337596361
Exercise - 11
1 1.2
22 24 26
= 0.0 to -0.29 or 0.0 to 0.29
Six Sigma Calculator (For Count DATA)
Enter values in Gray cells only
A. All values required to calculate Sigma level
Defects: 35 DPMO: 70
Units: 100,000 Sigma Level: 5.31
Opportunities per Unit: 5
The calculation of a Sigma level, is based on the number of defects per million op
In order to calculate the DPMO, three distinct pieces of information are required:
a) the number of units produced
b) the number of defect opportunities per unit
c) the number of defects
Example:
Defects 3432
Opportunities 83934
Defect Opportunities per unit 8
X 1,000,000)
DPMO 5111.1588
Sigma Level 4.1
0Six%20Sigma%20Calculator.xls
CALCULATING SIGMA LEVEL OF AN ENTIRE ORGANIZATION
NO NO
* This are example of Product Quality and Support Quality of tangible products
3
Product Quality Support Quality
Timeliness of Credits Call Center support
Zero balance facilities Internet Banking
Email Bank Statements Queries Handling
Loan offers
* This are example of Product Quality and Support Quality of intangible products
7
"Make example from day to day or your Organization"
Identify the problem. What was the problem
How you did the correction ( damage control)
How you plan the RCO prevention
How you plan the ICD prevention
(POKA YOKE is related to prevention which can be RCO or ICD)
8
"Make example from day to day or your Organization"
What is the defect that occurred
How you did the root cause analysis
How would you do the Corrective actions. (Prevent Re-occurance of the mistake)
How would you do the Preventive Actions. (Proactive. Preven occurance in the first place)
/ productions (operational processes). And the AREA of actions for checking are ON-LINE / ON-GOING processes.
NO