Addis College

Department of Civil Engineering

Prepared by:

Name ID No_

Lesimu Worku: …………………………………………….0041/06

Mintesinot Geremew………………………………………. 0068/06

Samuel Abu…………………………………… ……………375/06

Hanan Ali………………………………................................ 204/06

Eyob G/meskel ……………………………………………...0003/06

Advisor: - Alemayehu

June, 2018
 Table of Contents
Abstract ..........................................................................................Error! Bookmark not defined.

1. Introduction …………………………………………………………………………………….3

1.1 General…………………………………………………………………………………….. 3

2. Statement of problem………………………………………………………………………….. 5

3. Objectives Of The Study............................................................................................................. 6

4. Material and Methods ................................................................................................................. 7

4.1. Methods………………………………………………………………………………………..……7
4.2. Methodology………………………………………………………………………………………...8
Work Plan ....................................................................................................................................... 9

Budget ........................................................................................................................................... 10

Reference ...................................................................................................................................... 11

Addis College department of civil engineering 1

This project mainly aims on the design of B+G+M+9 mixed use building with solid and ribbed

slab system and cost comparison between the two in addition to structural analysis, design, and

specification. It is intended to be located on the capital city of Ethiopia in Addis Ababa town. This

structural design is executed based on the Ethiopian Building Code of standard (EBCS) 1995 E.C.

This code follows the Limit State design approach. Limit state is a state beyond which the structure

no longer satisfies the design performance requirements. It consists of two states namely Ultimate

Limit and serviceability Limit states. Limit state design method (LSD) is adapted in the analysis

incorporating EBSC 1, 2 and 8 design aids. ETABS & SAP is used in the frame analysis for

different loading cases and Auto cad 2007 for all detailing structural drawing. The wind load and

Earth quake analysis was carried out according to the provision of EBCS -1- and EBCS -8- 1995

respectively. Uniformly distributed live load, the adjustment and determination of moment

exclusively is based on EBCS -2- 1995.

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1.1. General

The primary aim of all structural design is to insure that the structure will perform adequately

during its design life. Specifically, the design must be checked that the structure is capable of

carrying the loads safely and that it will not deform excessively due to the applied loads. This

requires the designer to make realistic estimates of the strengths of the materials composing the

structure and the loading to which it may be subjected during its design life. Furthermore, the

designer will need a basic understanding of structural behavior. The designer must make an

assessment of the future likely level of loading, including self-weight, to which the structure may

be subjected during its design life. Using computer methods or hand calculations the design loads

acting on individual elements can be then be evaluated. The design loads are used to calculate the

bending moments, shear forces and deflections at critical points along the elements. Finally,

suitable dimensions for the element can be determined.

A structural design is executed in such a way that the building will remain fit with appropriate

degrees of reliability and in an economic way. It should sustain all the actions and influences

during execution and use. Therefore, structural design focuses on structural safety and

serviceability with durability. It must also optimize the cost expended in building the structure and

maintenance.

The primary function of structural members is to build up and maintain its shape under a

considerable load action to have adequate stability strength and stiffness. Not only safety but it

also fulfills the requirement of serviceability as well as it should be economical. Regarding safety,it
Addis College department of civil engineering 3
requires that the strength of the structure should be adequate for all the loads which are reasonably

considered. Coming to the serviceability, it requires that all kinds of loads likely to occur during

use, everything should be satisfactory, for example excessive deflection should be adequately

small; vibration should be within the tolerable limit, the maximum width of crack also should not

be greater than the specified limit etc. The structure also should be economical keeping its safety

against to collapse. Generally; the building structure to serve its purpose, it must be safe against

collapse and economical to user and gives its serviceability in use (functional).

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The past 10 years have witnessed to increasing the number of population in Addis Ababa. This

growth of population has been accompanied by equally strong growth in the number of high-rise

buildings, residential houses, schools, road etc. therefore, the proximity of these significant

earthquakes to the major population center such as Addis Ababa, Hawassa and Adama, obviously

leads to the question of how much damage will be sustained by these buildings, bridges and soon.

The majorities of buildings in these cities, as in many cities in developing countries, were not

designed as per a strict earthquake design guidelines and could, unfortunately, sustain significant

damage varying from total collapse to structural failure that will render them unfit for occupation.

An increasing number of buildings, especially those built recently, do not even go through proper

quality control procedure to assure compliance with some basic requirements of the country’s

building code standards.

The majority of concrete buildings in Addis Ababa & generally in our country are not designed

to withstand earthquake loads and will experience various failures.

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3.1 General Objective

The prime objective of design is structural safety and serviceability. In case the structure fails, it

must be in such a way it will minimize risks and casualty. It must extend the time for evacuation

of people inside a building. This requirement of structural design is accomplished by the principle

called ductility. Ductility allows yielding of steel reinforcement prior to the collapse of the

building. Yielding of steel bars warns from the start of failure of a structure or its part. Therefore,

structures are designed to be under reinforced by certain percent to assure ductility mode of failure

if it happens.

3.2. Specific objective

 To minimize the hazard

 To design safe, strong and economical structure using EBCS as a guide –line

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A thorough investigation and assessment of ground conditions and stability is an essential stage

of any project in order to determine issues such as: -

 whether a site is suitable

 whether the best place to locate any buildings or infrastructure might be

 types and sizes of any foundations

An assessment of ground conditions in relation to construction projects typically includes geology

and soil conditions of a site and surrounding along with contaminated land.

The following conditions might be considered

 General land form

 The proximity of the site to any proposed buildings or excavation

 Historical or present risk of landslides or subsidence

 Soil types

 The presence of any expansive soils

 Zone of earth quake

4.1.Methods

For our project to collect different data we use different methods such as interview and reading

the published review documents.

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The study is carried out in different phases.

1stphase study the drawing and location of the site according to the soil type and general ground

condition in related to construction.

2nd phase calculate the weight of the building and design of all structural members

3rd phase earth quake load analysis

4th phase foundation design

To analyze or conduct the above tasks we use deep hand calculation and software based on the

theories we have gained knowledge of throughout our academic years and Software’s such as

ETABS (3D analysis), SAP and AUTOCAD (detail structural drawing) have been used throughout

the project for analysis purpose.

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ACTIVITY 6-12 13-20 21-27 28-04 05-11 12-18 19-26 27-05

Wind load analysis

&SLAB DESIGN

OF FLOOR

Staircase design &

LATERAL LOAD

LOAD TRANSFER

FRAM ANALYSIS

BEAM COLUMN

DESIGN

SHEAR WALL

&FOUNDATION

DESIGN

SCHEDULING

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Equipment and Facilities

Item Facilities Cost

1 Paper 300

2 Pen 50

3 Copy 400

4 Print 400

5 Internet 300

6 transportation 300

Total 1750 birr

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1. Ethiopian Building Code of Standard (EBCS) 1995

2. Structural design books

3. Internet

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