Revised Spring 2018 Chapter 1 Review

MANAGERIAL ACCOUNTING
LO 1: Understand the difference in managerial and financial accounting:
Financial Managerial
External Users Internal Users
Quarterly/Annual Financial Statement Internal Reports
General Purpose Reports Special Purpose Reports
GAAP - Audited Used for Decision Making Purposes

Understand Management Responsibilities and Structure

Responsibilities:
Planning: looking ahead to establish objectives that add value to the business
Directing: coordinating company’s activities and human resources to operate effectively
Controlling: keeping all the activities on track to accomplish objectives
Structure:

LO 2: MANUFACTURING COSTS
Terms
Direct Materials Manufacturing Overhead
Indirect Materials Product Cost
Direct Labor Period Cost
Indirect Labor

Manufacturing consists of activities and processes that convert raw materials into finished
goods.

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Raw Materials: Basic material and parts used in the manufacturing process

Work in Process: Product costs associated with partially completed units

Finished Goods: Completed units that are unsold

PRODUCT COSTS: Manufacturing Costs PERIOD COSTS: Nonmanufacturing Costs

Direct Materials Selling Expenses
Direct Labor Administrative Expenses
Manufacturing Overhead (all indirect costs)

Practice #1
Indicate how a manager would assign the following costs to the various categories for a
motorcycle company.

Product Costs
Direct Materials Direct Labor Manufacturing Period Cost
Overhead
Engines
Labor costs
Factory
Equipment
Depreciation
Electricity to run
factory
equipment
Advertising
Salary of Plant
Manager
Shipping of
finished product
Salary of CFO
Lubricant for
tightening screws
Motorcycle seat

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LO 3: FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Terms
Cost of Goods Sold Raw Materials
Cost of Goods Manufactured Work in Process Inventory
Total Manufacturing Costs Finished Goods Inventory

Cost of Goods Manufactured

1) Start with the Beginning Work in Process
2) Find Direct Materials Used
3) Find Total Manufacturing Costs
4) Find Cost of Goods Manufactured

 Use this basic equation:

beginning balance + additions – deductions = ending balance

1) Find Beginning Work in Process

2) Find Direct Materials Used

Raw Materials Beginning Inventory
+ Raw Materials Purchased
= Raw Materials Available for Use
- Raw Materials Ending Inventory
= Direct Materials Used

3) Find Total Manufacturing Costs

Direct Materials Used (Step 2)
+ Direct Labor
+Total Manufacturing Overhead
=Total Manufacturing Costs

4) Find Cost of Goods Manufactured

Work in Process Beginning Inventory (Step 1)
+Total Manufacturing Costs (Step 3)
= Total Cost of Work in Process
- Work in Process Ending Inventory
= Cost of Goods Manufactured

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Beginning Total
Work in Total Cost of Ending Work Cost of
Process Manufacturing Work in in Process Goods
Inventory + Costs = Process - Inventory = Manufactured

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Cost of Goods Sold on the Income Statement

Beginning Finished Cost of Goods Ending Finished Cost of Goods

Goods Inventory + Manufactured - Goods Inventory = Sold

Inventory on the Balance Sheet

 Manufacturing companies have three inventory accounts: raw materials inventory,
work-in-process inventory and finished goods inventory.
 Raw Materials inventory includes all the direct and indirect materials purchased
but not yet used in the manufacturing or production process.
 Work-In-Process Inventory includes all the direct materials, direct labor and
manufacturing overhead costs that have been added to the manufacturing
process but for which production has not been completed.
 Finished Goods Inventory includes all manufacturing costs for products that have
been completed but not sold.

Raw Materials Work in Process Finished Goods

Direct Materials Cost of Goods

Used Manufactured

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Practice #2

T Company has provided the following data for the month of July:

Beginning Ending
Work-in-process inventory $23,000 $21,000
Finished goods inventory 26,000 35,000

July Activity
Direct materials used $56,000
Direct labor incurred 91,000
Manufacturing overhead 61,000

Required: a) Determine total manufacturing costs, cost of goods manufactured

and cost of goods sold for July.

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LO 4: TRENDS
Terms
Value Chain Balanced Scorecard
Just in Time Inventory Sarbanes-Oxley Act
Total Quality Management Corporate Social Responsibility
Theory of Constraints Triple Bottom Line
Activity Based Costing

Solution #1
Indicate how a manager would assign the
following costs to the various categories for a
motorcycle company.

Product Costs
Direct Direct Manufacturing Period
Materials Labor Overhead Cost
Engines X
Labor costs X
Factory
Equipment X
Depreciation
Electricity
to run
X
factory
equipment
Advertising X
Salary of
Plant X
Manager
Shipping of
finished X
product
Salary of
X
CFO
Lubricant
for
X
tightening
screws
Motorcycle
X
seat

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Solution #2

a)
Direct materials used $56,000
Direct labor incurred 91,000
Manufacturing overhead 61,000
Total manufacturing cost $208,000

Beginning work-in-process $23,000

Total manufacturing cost 208,000
Ending work-in-process 21,000
Cost of goods manufactured $210,000

Beginning finished goods $26,000

Cost of goods manufactured 210,000
Ending finished goods 35,000
Cost of goods sold $201,000

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Practice Problems

Practice #2

P Company has provided the following data for the month of March:

Beginning Ending
Raw materials inventory $25,000 $30,000
Work-in-process inventory 16,000 18,000
Finished goods inventory 36,000 59,000

March Activity
Direct materials purchases $71,000
Direct labor incurred 83,000
Manufacturing overhead 74,000
Indirect materials included in overhead 5,000

Required: Prepare a Schedule of Cost of Goods Manufactured and a Partial

Income Statement Showing the Cost of Goods Sold

Solution #2

Schedule of Cost of Goods Sold

Beginning finished goods inventory $36,000

Cost of goods manufactured 216,000
Goods available for sale 252,000
less: Ending finished goods inventory 59,000
Cost of goods sold $193,000

Schedule of Cost of Goods Manufactured

Beginning raw materials inventory $25,000

Direct materials purchases 71,000
Raw materials available for use 96,000
less: Ending raw materials inventory 30,000

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Raw materials used 66,000

less: indirect materials used 5,000
Direct materials used 61,000
Direct labor incurred 83,000
Manufacturing overhead inventory 74,000

Practice #3

D Company reported the following information on its income statements for the first quarter:

January February March

Beginning Finished goods inventory $61,600 ? ?
Cost of Goods Manufactured 229,000 ? 531,400
Goods Available for Sale ? 260,000 ?
Cost of Goods Sold ? ? 531,400
Ending Finished goods inventory 72,800 61,600 ?

Required: Determine the missing values.

Solution #3

January February March

Beginning Finished goods inventory $61,600 72,800 61,600
Cost of Goods Manufactured 229,000 187,200 531,400
Goods Available for Sale 290,000 260,000 593,000
Cost of Goods Sold 217,200 198,400 531,400
Ending Finished goods inventory 72,800 61,600 61,600

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True / False Questions

1. Total beginning finished goods inventory + cost of goods manufactured -
ending finished goods inventory = cost of goods sold.
True False

2. Cost of Goods Manufactured represents the total direct materials, direct labor
and overhead added to work-in-process inventory.
True False

3. The schedule of cost of goods manufactured is the same as the statement of

cost of goods sold.
True False

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Multiple Choice Questions

1. On the Schedule of Cost of Goods Manufactured, the final Cost of Goods
Manufactured figure represents:
a) The amount of cost charged to Work in Process during the period
b) The amount of cost transferred from Finished Goods to Cost of Goods Sold
during the period
c) The amount of cost placed into production during the period
d) The amount of cost of goods completed during the current year whether
they were started before or during the current year

The next 2 questions refer to the following information.

A manufacturing company has a beginning finished goods inventory balance of
$14,600, cost of goods manufactured of $32,500 and an ending finished goods
inventory balance of $17,800.

2. The cost of goods sold is:

a) $21,200
b) $29,300
c) $32,500
d) $27,600

3. The total costs transferred from work-in-process inventory to finished goods

inventory is:
a) $21,200
b) $29,300
c) $32,500
d) $27,600

4. R Company had finished goods inventory $3,200 on January 1 and $4,000 on

December 31. During the year, cost of goods sold was $14,200. Cost of
goods manufactured was:
a) $21,400
b) $11,000
c) $15,000
d) $17,400

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5. J Company had the following inventory balances for the year:

January 1 December 31
Raw Materials $57,000 $60,000
Work-in-process 68,000 50,000
Finished goods 79,000 40,000

Raw materials used in manufacturing during the year were $118,000. Raw
materials purchases during the year were:
a) $107,000
b) $115,000
c) $118,000
d) $121,000

6. Total manufacturing costs incurred do not include:

a) Direct materials used
b) Factory supplies used
c) Direct materials purchased
d) Indirect labor used

7. D Company reported the following information for the year:

Ending work-in-process inventory $4,000

Beginning work-in-process inventory 3,000
Factory overhead 5,100
Direct labor cost 7,000
Direct materials used 5,000

Manufacturing costs added to work-in-process inventory were:

a) $12,000
b) $16,100
c) $13,600
d) $17,100

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Solutions to Practice Problems

Practice Problem #1

Factory supplies $7,000

Factory depreciation 2,000
Indirect labor 23,000
Total Overhead $32,000

Practice Problem #2

Direct labor $43,000

Manufacturing overhead 71,000
Total Conversion Cost $114,000

Total manufacturing cost 218,000

Beginning work-in-process inventory 16,000
234,000
less: Ending work-in-process inventory 18,000
Cost of goods manufactured $216,000

Practice Problem #5

Beginning raw materials inventory $28,000

Direct materials purchases 72,000
Direct materials used 86,000
Ending raw materials inventory $14,000

Total manufacturing cost $309,000

less: Direct materials used 86,000
Direct labor incurred 112,000
Manufacturing overhead $111,000

Ending work-in-process inventory $25,000

Cost of goods manufactured 307,000
less: Total manufacturing cost 309,000
Beginning work-in-process inventory $23,000

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Beginning finished goods inventory $37,000

Cost of goods manufactured 307,000
less: Ending finished goods inventory 55,000
Cost of goods sold $289,000

Practice Problem #6

Schedule of Cost of Goods Manufactured

Beginning raw materials inventory $8,000

Direct materials purchases 18,000
Raw materials available for use 26,000
less: Ending raw materials inventory 8,700
Direct materials used 17,300
Direct labor incurred 10,000
Manufacturing overhead 15,000
Total manufacturing cost 42,300
Beginning work-in-process inventory 2,100
44.400
less: Ending work-in-process inventory 3,200
Cost of goods manufactured $41,200

Income Statement

Sales $55,300
Cost of Goods Sold:
Beginning finished goods inventory $5,000
Cost of goods manufactured 41,200
Goods available for sale 46,200
less: Ending finished goods inventory 5,700
Cost of goods sold 40,500
Gross Profit 14,800
Selling and administrative expenses 6,300
Net Income $8,500

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Solutions to True / False Problems

1. True
2. False – cost of goods manufactured are the costs added to
finished goods inventory. Total manufacturing costs are the direct
materials, direct labor and overhead added to work-in-process.
3. False – they are different statements.
4.
5.
6.
7.

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Solutions to Multiple Choice Questions

1. D
2. B
3. C
4. C
5. D
6. C
7. D

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