HISTORY OF PLUMBING PRACTICE

17th Century Birth of the plumbing profession in the Philippines

Filipino plumbers were assigned the task of maintaining, repairing and/or

18th and 19th Centuries remodeling plumbing systems in all "pueblos" or towns including churches,
convents and government buildings.

PLUMBING took a great leap with the arrival of the American soldiers, engineers,
Thomasite teachers, doctors and evangelists. Health and hygiene became priority
20th Century
when epidemics including cholera, leprosy. schistosomiasis and other contagious
diseases engulfed the Philippines.

PLUMBING TRADE was duly recognized by the government. The City of Manila
1902
was the model community.

Master Plumber John F. Hass became the first Chief of the Division of Plumbing Construction and Inspection

A plumbing code based on the Plumbing Code of the United States was
Filipino Master Plumbers Initiative
incorporated into the Building Code for the City of Manila

1935 NAMPAP was organized and registered with SEC

Initiated by NAMPAP
City Ordinance 2411 – (The Plumbing Code
practice of plumbing was eventually placed under the Department of Public
for the City of Manila)
Services

R.A. 1378 (June 18, 1955) - Plumbing Law of Emanated from House Bill 962 on 1954
the Philippines signed by President Ramon Magsaysay

prepared by the NAMPAP was promulgated and approved by Malacañang.

January 28, 1959
NAMPAP also assisted in the passage of the law creating the National Waterworks
(National Plumbing Code of the Philippines)
and Sewerage Authority (NAWASA).

1966-1969 Prepared by Board of Examiners for Master Plumbers and the NAMPAP and was
Curriculum for Plumbing Engineering approved by the DEPED and was first introduced at the Feati University.

1st Amendment to the National Plumbing Code was approved, which effected the
November 28, 1967
inclusion of "ASBESTOS·CEMENT PIPE" as an approved plumbing material

Republic Act No. 6541 otherwise known as the “Building Code of the Philippines"
1972 (Before Martial Law)
was passed with the "National Plumbing Code of 1959" as referral code in full text

NAMPAP President JAIME M. CABASE spearheaded the updating of the Revised

1996
National Plumbing Code

October 1999 NAMPAP submitted the Draft Code to the Board of Master Plumbers (BOMP)
Chaired by Engr. FORTIJNATO H. AMOSCO.

December 21, 1999 President JOSEPH EJERCITO ESTRADA approved Revised Plumbing Code of 1999
BASIC PRINCIPLES
1. All premises intended for human habitation, occupancy or use shall be provided with a supply of pure and wholesome
water, neither connected with unsafe water supplies nor subject to hazards of backflow or back-siphonage.
2. Plumbing fixtures, devices and appurtenances shall be supplied with water in sufficient volume and at pressure adequate to
enable them to function satisfactorily and without undue noise under all normal conditions of use
3. Plumbing shall be designed and adjusted to use the minimum quantity of water consistent with proper performance and
cleaning.
4. Devices for heating and storing water shall be so designed and installed as to prevent dangers from explosion through
overheating.
5. Every building having plumbing fixtures installed and intended for human habitation, occupancy or use on premises
abutting on a street, alley or easement where there is a public sewer, shall be connected to the sewer system
6. Each family dwelling unit on premises abutting on a sewer or with a private sewage-disposal system shall have at least one
water closet and one kitchen type sink. Further, a lavatory and bathtub or shower shall be installed to meet the basic
requirements of sanitation and personal hygiene.
7. Plumbing fixtures shall be made of smooth nonabsorbent material, free from concealed fouling surfaces and shall be
located in ventilated enclosures.
8. The drainage system shall be designed, constructed and maintained to safeguard against fouling, deposit of solids, clogging
and with adequate cleanouts so arranged that the pipes may be readily cleaned
9. All pipings of plumbing systems shall be of durable NAMPAPAPPROVED materials, free form defective workmanship,
designed and constructed by Registered Master Plumbers to ensure satisfactory service
10. Each fixture directly connected to the drainage system shall be equipped with a water-sealed trap.
11. The drainage piping system shall be designed to provide adequate circulation of air free from siphonage, aspiration or
forcing of trap seals under ordinary use.
12. Vent terminals shall extend to the outer air and installed to preempt clogging and the return of foul air to the building
13. Plumbing systems shall be subjected to such tests to effectively disclose all leaks and defects in the workmanship
14. No substance which will clog the pipes, produce explosive mixture~ destroy the pipes or their joints or interfere unduly with
the sewage-disposal process shall be allowed to enter the building drainage system
15. Proper protection shall be provided to prevent contamination of food, water, sterile goods and similar materials by
backflow of sewage. When necessary, the fixture, device or appliance shall be connected indirectly with the building
drainage system.
16. No water closet shall be located in a room or compartment which is not properly lighted and ventilated
17. If water closets or other plumbing fixtures are installed in buildings where there is no sewer within a reasonable distance,
suitable provision shall be made for disposing of the building sewage by some accepted method of sewage treatment and
disposal, such as a septic tank
18. Where a plumbing drainage system may be subject tb backflow of sewage, suitable provision shall be made to prevent its
overflow in the building.
19. Plumbing systems shall be maintained in serviceable condition by Registered Master Plumbers
20. All plumbing fixtures shall be installed properly spaced, to be accessible for their intended use
21. Plumbing shall be installed by Registered Master Plumbers with due regard to the preservation of the strength of structural
members and the prevention of damage to walls and other surfaces through fixture usage
22. Sewage or other waste from a plumbing system which may be deleterious to surface or sub-surface waters shall not be
discharged into the ground or into any waterway, unless first rendered innocuous through subjection to some acceptable
form of treatment

·
DEFINITIONS
ABS - Acrylonitrile-Butadiene·Styrene

AIRBREAK_-· a physical separation. which may be a low inlet into the indirect waste receptor from the fixture, appliance or device
indirectly connected

AIR GAP, DRAINAGE - the unobstructed vertical distance through the free atmosphere between the lowest opening from any pipe,
plumbing fixture, appliance or appurtenance conveying waste to the flood level rim of the receptor.

AIR GAP, WATER DISTRIBUTION- an unobstructed vertical distance through the free atmosphere between the lowest opening from
any pipe or faucet conveying potable water to the flood-level rim of any tank, vat or fixture

BACKFLOW- the flow of water or other liquids, mixtures or substances into the distributing pipes of a potable supply of water from
any source other than from its intended source

BACKFLOW CONNECTION - condition or any arrangement whereby reverse flow can occur.

BACKPRESSURE BACKFLOW - occurs due to an increased reverse pressure above the supply pressure. This may be due to pumps,
boilers, gravity or other sources of pressure

BACKFLOW PREVENTER - device or means to prevent flow of liquid from returning to the source of supply. Also called vacuum
breaker.

BACK-SIPHONAGE - the flowing back of used, contaminated or · polluted water from a plumbing fixture or vessel into a water supply
pipe due to a negative pressure in such pipe. See backflow

BACKWATER VALVE - a device installed in a drainage system to prevent reverse flow.

BACKVENT PIPE - the part of a vent line, which connects directly with an individual trap underneath or behind the fixture and
extends to the branch or main vent pipe at any point higher than the fixture or fixture traps it serves. This is sometimes called an
individual vent. See revent pipe

BALL COCK - a valve opened and closed by the fall and rise, respective! y, of an attached ball floating on the surface of the liquid

BALL JOINT- a type of pipe connection in which a ball-shaped end is held in a cuplike shell and allows movements in every direction.

BATHROOM - a room equipped with a shower stall or bathtub.

BATTERY OF FIXTURES - any of two or more similar adjacent fixtures which discharge into a common horizontal soil or waste branch.

BELL OR HUB - that portion of a pipe which, for a short distance, is sufficiently enlarged to receive the end of another pipe of the
same diameter for the purpose of making a caulked or push-on joint

BENDING PIN (or IRON) - a tool for straightening or bending lead pipe

BIBB-synonymous with faucet, cock, tap, plug, etc. The word "faucet" is preferred

BIDET - A plumbing fixtures used for washing the middle private part of the body, especially the genitals. Also called a "sitz" bath.

BLANK FLANGE- A pipe flange that is not drilled for bolt holes

BLIND FLANGE - a flange that closes the end of a pipe. There is no opening for the passage of liquid or gas

BLOW·OFF - a controlled outlet of a pipeline to discharge liquid or detritus.

BOILER BLOW-OFF - a valved outlet of a boiler that permits discharge of accumulated sediment

BRANCH - any part of the piping system other than a main, riser or stack.

BRANCH INTERVAL - a length of soil or waste stack corresponding in general to a story height, but in no case less than 2.43 meters
within which the horizontal branches from one floor or story of a building are connected to the stack
BRANCH VENT - a horizontal vent connecting one or more individual vertical back vents with the vent stack or stack vent

BRAZED JOINT - any joint obtained by joining of metal parts with alloys which melt at temperatures higher than 449 degrees
centigrade, but lower than the melting temperature of the parts to be joined.

BUILDING DRAIN - that part of the lowest horizontal piping of a drainage system which receives the discharge from soil, waste and
other drainage pipes inside the walls of the building and conveys it to the building sewer beginning 0.6 meter outside the building
wall.

BUILDING SEWER - that pat1 of the horizontal piping of a drainage system which starts from the end of the building drain and which
receives the discharge of the building drain and conveys it to a public sewer, private sewer, individual sewage disposal system or
other point of disposal.

BUILDING SUBDRAIN - that portion of an underground system, which cannot drain by gravity into the building sewer.

BUILDING SUPPLY - the pipe carrying potable water from the water meter or other source of water supply to a building or other
point of use or distribution on the lot. Building supply shall also mean water service connection.

CAULKING - plugging an opening with oakum, lead or other materials that are pounded into the annular space. Also, the material
pounded into the annular opening.

CAP-- a fitting, screwed or caulked over the end of a pipe for closing the pipe end.

CATCH BASIN - a receptacle in which liquids are retained for ~ sufficient period of time to allow settable material to deposit

CESSPOOL - a non-watertight lined excavation in the! ground which receives the discharge of a sanitary drainage system or part
thereof, designed to retain the organic matter and solids discharging therefrom, 0ut permitting the li4uid to seep through the
bottom and sides of the cesspool.

CHASE - a vertical shaft for installation of different pipe stacks.

CHECK VAl.VE- a valve that automatically closes to prevent the flow of liquid or gas in a reverse direction

CIRCUIT VENT - a group vent pipe which starts in front of the extreme fixture connection on a h01izontal branch and connects to the
vent stack.

CONTINUOUS VENT - a continuous vent is vertical vent that is a continuation of the drain to which the vent connects.

CONTINUOUS WASTE - a drain connecting the compartments of a set of fixtures to a trap or connecting other permitted fixtures to a
common trap.

CONDUCTOR OR DOWNSPOUT- a vertical pipe to convey rainwater.

CORPORATION COCK - a stop valve placed at the connection of the water service pipe to the water main

CRITICAL LEVEL- C-L or C/L - marking on a backflow prevention device or vacuum breaker is a point conforming to approved
standards and established by the testing laboratory (usually stamped on the device by the manufacturer) which determines the
minimum elevation above the flood level rim of the fixture or receptacle served where the device may be installed. When a backflow
prevention device does not bear a critical level marking, the bottom of the vacuum breaker, combination valve or the bottom of any
such approved device shaft constitute the critical level.

CROSS-CONNECTION - any connection or arrangement, physical or otherwise, between a potable water supply system and any
plumbing fixture or any tank. receptacle, equipment or device, through which enables non-potable, used, unclean, polluted,
contaminated water or other substances to enter into any part of such potable water system under any condition.

DEVELOPED LENGTH - the length of a pipe along its centerline and fittings.

DOMESTIC SEWAGE - the liquid and water-home wastes derived from the ordinary living processes, free trom industrial wastes and
of such character that permit satisfactory disposal without special treatment. It is discharged into the public sewer or into a private
sewage disposal system.
DOUBLE-BEND FITTING - a pipe fitting with adjacent reverse bends and shaped like the letter "S''

DOUBLE OFFSET- two offsets in succession or in series such that the centerlines of the outside ends are in the same straight line.

DOWNSPOUT -· the vertical portion of a rainwater conductor.

DRAIN - a pipe, which carries ground and surface waters, storm water or wastewater into a building drainage system

DRAINAGE SYSTEM - includes all the pipings within public or private premises which convey sewage or other liquid wastes to a legal
point of disposal but does not include the mains of a public sewer system or a public sewage treatment or disposal plant.

DURHAM SYSTEM- a term used to describe soil or waste system where all pipings are of threaded pipe, tubing or other such rigid
construction using recessed drainage fittings to correspond to the types of piping.

FAUCET- a valve located at the end of a water pipe through of which water can be drawn from or held within the pipe

FERRULE - a metallic sleeve, caulked or joined to an opening in a pipe, into which a plug is screwed that can be removed for cleaning
or examining the interior of the pipe.

FIXTURE - a receptacle other than a trap attached to a plumbing system in which water or wastes may be collected or retained for
ultimate discharge into the plumbing system

FIXTURE BRANCH - the water supply pipe between the fixture supply pipe and the water-distributing pipe.

FIXTURE DRAIN - the drainpipe from the trap of a fixture to the junction of that drain with any other drainpipe

FIXTURE SUPPLY - a water supply pipe connecting the fixture with the fixture branch.

FIXTURE UNIT - is an arbitrary quantity in terms of which the load producing effects or water requirements on the plumbing system
of different kinds of plumbing fixtures are expressed in some arbitrarily chosen scale. One fixture unit is equivalent to a rate of flow
at 28.3 liters per minute (1 cu. ft./minute). FLOOD LEVEL - the level in a fixture at which water begins to overflow over the top or rim
of the fixture.

FLOOD LEVEL RIM - is the top edge of a receptacle from where water overflows.

FLOODED - a fixture is flooded when the liquid therein rises to the flood level rim.

FLUSH TANK -a tank located above or integral with water closet, urinal or similar fixtures for flushing or removing excrements in the
fixture.

FLUSH VALVE - is a device located at the bottom of the tank for the purpose of flushing waster closet and similar fixtures.

FLUSHOMETER TANK- is integrated within an air accumulator vessel which is designed to discharge a predetermined quantity of
water into fixtures for flushing purposes.

FLUSHOMETER VALVE- is a device, which discharges a predetermined quantity of water into fixtures for flushing purposes and is
actuated by direct water pressure.

GATE VALVE - a valve in which the flow of water is cut off by means of a circular disc fitted against machine-smoothed faces, at right
angles to the direction of flow. The disk is raised or lowered by means of a threaded stern connected to the handle of the valve. The
opening in the valve is usually as large as the full bore of the pipe.

GLOBE VALVE - a valve in which the flow of fluid is cut off by means of a circular disc that fits over and against the horizontal valve
seat. The movement of the plane of disc is parallel to the normal direction of flow of water through the orifice resulting to a tortuous
passage which offers a high. pressure loss.

GOOSENECK - a return bend of small-sized pipe, one end of which is about 30 cm. long and the other end is about 7. 5 cm. long. It is
commonly used as a faucet for a pantry sink. Also, the term means the flexible tubing connection between a service pipe and a
water main.

GRADE - is the slope or fall of a line of pipe with reference to a horizontal plane. In drainage, it is usually expressed as the fall in
centimeters per meter or percentage slope of pipe.
GREASE INTERCEPTOR - an interceptor of at least 3 cubic meters capacity to serve one or more fixtures and which is remotely
located.

GREASE TRAP - a device designed to retain grease from one to a maximum of tour fixtures.

GROUND WATER - the water that stands in or passes through the ground.

GROUP VENT- a branch vent that performs its functions for two (2) or more traps.

HORIZONTAL PIPE - is any pipe or fitting installed in a horizontal position or which forms an angle of not more than forty-five (45)
degrees with the horizontal plane.

HOUSE DRAIN - is that part of the lowest horizontal piping of a plumbing system which receives the discharges from soil, waste and
other drainage pipes inside of a building and conveys it to the house sewer outside of the building.

HOUSE SEWER - is that part of a plumbing system extending from the house drain at a point 0.60 meters from the outside face of
the foundation wall of a building to the junction with the street sewer or to any point of discharge, and conveying the drainage of
one building site.

HOUSE STORM SEWER - is the pipeline from the building to the public or street storm drainage system.

HUBLESS PIPES - are cast iron soil pipes with plain ends connected together with bolted stainless steel bands and neoprene gaskets

INDIRECT WASTE PIPE - is a pipe that does not connect directly with the drainage system but conveys liquid wastes by discharging
into a plumbing fixture, interceptor or receptacle directly connected to the drainage system.

INDIVIDUAL VENT- is a pipe installed to vent a fixture trap and which collects with the vent system above the fixture se1ved or
terminates in the open air.

INDUSTRIAL WASTE - any and all liquid or water-borne waste from industrial or commercial processes, except domestic sewage.

I.P.S. - means Iron Pipe Size.

INTERCEPTOR (CLARIFIER) - is a device designed and installed to separate and retain deleterious, hazardous or undesirable matters
from normal wastes and permits normal sewage or liquid wastes to discharge into the disposal terminal by gravity.

INVERT - The lowest portion of the interior part of any pipe or conduit that is not vertical.

LATRINE - a water closet consisting of a continuous trough containing water. The trough extends under two or more adjacent seats.
Prohibited by health authorities for permanent installations.

LAVATORY - a fixture designed for the washing of the hands or face. Sometimes called a wash basin.

LEACHING CESSPOOL - a cesspool that is not watertight.

LEADER- (See Conductor) - a pipe connected from building gutter to the downspout or conductor

LOCAL VENT - a pipe or shaft to convey foul air from a plumbing fixture or a room to the outer air.

LOOP OR CIRCUIT VENT - a vertical vent connection on a horizontal soil or waste pipe branch at a point downstream of the last
fixture connection and turning to a horizontal line above the highest overflow level of the highest fixture connected thereat; the
terminus connected to the stack vent in the case of loop venting or to the vent stack nearby in the case of circuit venting.

MAIN VENT - the p1incipal artery of the venting system to which vent branches are connected.

MANHOLE - a large opening in a sewer line or part of a plumbing system constructed with sufficient size for a man to gain access
therein for maintenance purposes and facility for changes of line and/or grade of pipeline.

OAKUM - hemp or old hemp rope soaked in oil or tar to make it waterproof.

PB - Polybutylene. Tube made of plastic material and colored black. The cross-sectional shape is normally oval and is denoted by its
outside diameter or 0.0. Nom1ally used as water service connection from main to meter.
PE - Polyethylene. Tube made of plastic material and colored black. The cross-sectional shape is circular and is denoted by its outside
diameter or O.D.

PIPE - a cylindrical conduit or conductor conforming to the particular dimensions commonly known as pipe size, and is denoted by its
interior diameter or l.D.

PLUMBJNG FIXTURES - are approved-type installed receptacles. devices or appliances supplied with water or receive liquid or liquid-
borne wastes and discharge such wastes into the drainage system to which they may be directly or indirectly connected

PRESSURE - the normal force exerted by a homogeneous liquid or gas, per unit of area on the wall of the container

STATIC PRESSURE - the pressure existing without any flow motion.

RESIDUAL PRESSURE - the pressure available at the fixture or water outlet; allowance is made for pressure drop due to friction loss,
head, meter and other losses in the system during maximum demand period.

PRIMARY BRANCH - of the building drain is the single sloping drain from the base of a stack to its junction with the main building
drain

PRIVATE SEWER - a building sewer, which receives the discharge from more than one building drain and conveys it to a public sewer,
private sewage disposal system, or other points of disposal

PRIVY - an outhouse or structure used for the deposition of excrement

PRIVY VAULT- a pit beneath a privy where excrement collects

PUBLIC SEWER - a common sewer directly controlled by public authority to which all abutters have equal rights of connections

PVC (Polyvinyl Chloride) - Potable water pipings are color-coded BLUE. Drainpipes are manufactured with toxic components and are
color-coded gray, orange or brown

RECEPTOR - an approved plumbing fixture or device of such materials, shape and capacity to Adequately receive the discharge from
indirect waste pipes, constructed and located to be readily cleaned

REGULATING EQUIPMENT - include all valves and controls used in plumbing systems which are accessible.

RELIEF VENT - a vertical vent line, the primary function of which is to provide additional circulation of air between the drainage and
vent systems or to act as an auxiliary vent on a specially designed system such as a ''yoke vent" connection between the soil and
vent stacks.

RETURN BEND - an open return bend usually made up two 90° bends with inside and outside threads, flanged or welded fittings~
and applied also to a one hundred eighty degrees bend in copper tubings.

REVENT PIPE- see backvent pipe.

RIM - an unobstructed top open edge of a fixture.

RISER - a water supply pipe, which extends vertically to one full story or more to convey water into pipe branches or plumbing
fixtures.

ROUGHING-IN - the installation of all pipings and fitting parts of the plumbing system, which can be completed prior to the
installation of fixtures and accessories. These include sanitary and storm drainage, tap, hot and chilled water supplies, gas pipings,
vent pipings and the necessary fixture supports.

SANITARY SEWAGE - the wastewater containing human excrements and liquid household waste. Also called domestic sewage.

SANITARY SEWER - a sewer intended to receive sanitary sewage with or without pre-treated industrial wastes and without the
admixture of rain or ground water.

SEAL- the vertical distance between the dip and the crown weir of a trap. Also, the water in the trap between the dip and the crown
weir.

SECONDARY BRANCH - any branch in a building drain other than the primary branch.
SEEPAGE PIT- a loosely lined excavation in the ground. which receives the discharge of a septic tank and designed to permit the
effluent from the septic tank to seep through pit bottom and sides.

SEPTIC TANK - a water-tight receptacle which receives the discharge of a sanitary plumbing system or part thereof, designed and
constructed to retain solids, digest organic matter through a period of detention and to allow the liquids to discharge into the soil
outside of the tank through a system of open-jointed sub-surface pipings or a seepage pit meeting the requirements of this Code.

SERVICE PIPE - the pipe from the street water main or other source of water supply to the building served

SEWAGE - any wastewater containing animal or vegetable matter in suspension or solution and may include liquids containing
chemicals in solution.

SEWER- a pipe or conduit for carrying sewage and wastewater

SHAFT - a vertical opening through a building for elevators, dumbwaiters, lights. ventilation or similar purposes

SIAMESE CONNECTION - a hose fitting with clapper valves for combining the flow from two or more lines of hose into a single
stream. The inlet fitting of a fire standpipe located above ground level.

SIPHONAGE - a suction created by the t1ow of liquids m p1pes. A pressure less than atmospheric

SHIELDED COUPLING - an approved elastomeric sealing gasket with an approved outer shield and a tightening mechanism

SLIP JOINT - an adjustable tubing connection, consisting of a compression nut, a friction ring, and a compression washer. designed to
fit a threaded adapter fitting or a standard taper pipe thread

SOIL STACK PIPE - a vertical soil pipe conveying fecal matter and wastewater

SOIL PIPE - any pipe, which conveys the discharge of water closet, urinal or fixtures having similar functions, with or without the
discharges from other fixtures to the building drain or building sewer

SOLDERED JOINT - a pipe joint obtained by joining metal parts with metallic mixtures or alloys which melt at a temperature below
427 degrees centigrade and above 149 degrees centigrade

SPIGOT - the end of a pipe which fits into a bell. Also a word used synonymously with faucet.

SPECIAL WASTES - wastes which require some special methods of handling such as the use of indirect waste piping and receptors;
corrosion resistant piping~ sand, oil or grease interceptors, condensers or other pretreatment facilities.

STACK - the vertical main of a system of soil, waste or vent pipings extending through one or more stories and extended thru the
roof

STANDPIPE - a vertical pipe, or a reservoir, into which water is pumped to give it at a head, classified as:

1. Wet Standpipe- water pressure is maintained at all times

2. Automatic Standpipe System - operates automatically by opening a hose valve

3. Manually-Operated Standpipe System - remote control device al each hose station; and

4. Dry Standpipe - having no permanent water inside the pipe

STORM WATER - that portion of the rainfall or other precipitation which runs off over the earth surface after a storm

SUBSOIL DRAIN - an underground drainpipe that receives only subsurface or seepage water and convey it to a sump for disposal by
gravity flow or by lift pump.

STACK VENT - the. extension of a soil or waste stack above the highest horizontal drain connected to the stack. The uppermost end
above the roof is called stack vent through roof (SVTR).

SUMP - an approved tank or pit which receives sewage or wastewater and is located below the normal grade of the gravity system
and must be emptied by mechanical means.
SUPPORTS - supports, hangers, anchors, brackets, cradles are devices for holding and securing pipes and fixtures to walls, ceiling,
floors or structural members.

SURFACE WATER - that portion of rainfall or other precipitation which runs off over the surface of the ground.

SWIMMING POOL - a water basin used for swimming designed to accommodate many bathers at a time and properly connected to
a disposal system, fills and draws water supply or provided with approved water purification and recirculation system.

TAILPIECE -the pipe or tubing that connects the outlet of a plumbing fixture to the trap.

TAPPED TEE - a tee with the branch tapped to receive a threaded pipe or fittings.

TRAP - a fitting or device designed and constructed to provide, when properly vented, a liquid seal which prevents the backflow of
foul air or methane gas without materially affecting the flow of sewage or wastewater through it.

TRAP ARM - that portion of a fixture drain between a trap and the vent.

TRAP SEAL - the maximum vertical depth of liquid that a trap will retain measured between the crown weir and the top of the dip of
the trap.

TUBE - a cylindrical conduit or conductor Conforming to the particular dimensions known as "tube sizes" and denoted by its outside
diameter or O.D.

UNIT VENT - an arrangement of venting so installed that one vent pipe will serve two (2) traps

VENT PIPE - a pipe or opening used for ensuring the circulation of air in a plumbing system and for relieving the negative pressure
exerted on trap seals

VENT STACK - the vertical vent pipe installed primarily for providing circulation of air to and from any part of the soil, waste of the
drainage system

VENT SYSTEM - pipes installed to provide flow of air to or from a drainage system or to provide a circulation of air within such
system to protect traps seals from siphonage and back pressure.

VERTICAL PIPE - any pipe or fitting installed in a vertical position or which forms an angle of not more than forty-five (45) degrees
with the vertical line

WASTE PIPE - A pipe, which conveys only wastewater or liquid waste, free of fecal matter

WATER TREATMENT - a device which conditions cr treats water supply to improve water quality, remove suspended solids by
filtration.

WATER- DISTRIBUTING PIPE - a pipe which conveys potable water from the building supply pipe to the plumbing fixtures and other
water outlets.

WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM - of a building or premises consists of the water service pipe, water supply line, water distributing pipe and
the necessary branch pipes, fittings, valves and all appurtenances required for the supply of potable water

WELDED JOINT OR STEAM - any joint or seam obtained by the joining of metal parts in a plastic molten state

WYE - a hose connection with two gated outlets permitting two connections of the same or smaller coupling diameter to be taken
from a single supply line. Also, a pipe fitting of three branches that form the letter "WYE”

YOKE VENT - a pipe connecting upward from a soil or waste stack below the floor and below horizontal connection to an adjacent
vent stack at a point above the floor and higher than highest spill level of fixtures for preventing pressure changes in the stacks.
GENERAL REGULATIONS
DISPOSAL OF WASTEWATERS

 only by means of an approved Excreta and Storm Drainage Systems installed and maintained in accordance with the
provisions of this Code

GRADE OF HORIZONTAL DRAINAGE PIPING

 shall run in alignments and at a uniform slope between manholes

 Min. Slope: 20 mm/m or 2% toward the point of disposal
 102 mm. or larger in diameter - may have a slope of 10 mm/m or 1%

CHANGES IN DIRECTION OF DRAINAGE FLOW

 Changes in direction of drainage piping Angles - 22 l/2° bend, 45° bend, 60° bend or other approved fittings of longer
sweeps
 Horizontal drainage lines connecting to a vertical stack - shall enter through 45° or 60° wye branches, combination wye
and 1/8 bend branches, sanitary tee or other approved fittings of longer sweeps.
 Horizontal drainage lines connecting to other horizontal drainage lines - shall enter through 45° wye branches,
combination wye and 1/8 bend branches or other approved fittings of longer sweeps
 Vertical drainage lines connecting to horizontal drainage line - shall enter through 4S-degree branches, or other approved
fittings of longer sweep Sixty (60) degree branches or offsets may be used only when installed in a true vertical position

PROHIBITED FITTINGS AND PRACTICES

 No double hub fitting for lead-caulked joint in vertical position, single or double tee branch; single or double tapped tee
branch, side inlet quarter bend, running thread, band or saddle shall be used as a drainage fitting ____ except that a
double hub sanitary tapped tee may be used on vertical lines as a fixture connection. (Approved stainless steel bands with
neoprene gaskets for jointing of hub less cast iron soil pipes are acceptable for use

PROTECTION OF PIPING, MATERIALS AND STRUCTURES

 Passing under/through walls - shall be protected from breakage with embedded metal pipe sleeves
 Passing through/under cinders or other corrosive materials - shall be protected from external corrosion by encasing same
with polyethylene sheath
 Void between pipes and sleeves through concrete floors in the ground - shall be appropriately sealed with bitumen
 No pipe shall be directly embedded in concrete and masonry walls without metal sleeve.
 Bottom of all pipe trenches deeper than the footing of any adjacent bldg./struct. and parallel to it - must be at least for1y-
five (45) degrees therefrom
PLUMBING FIXTURES
MATERIALS

 shall be manufactured of dense, durable, non-absorbent materials and must have smooth impervious surfaces, free from
unnecessary concealed fouling surfaces.
 porcelain enamel surfaces on plumbing fixtures shall be acid resistant
 Strainers - shall have waterway equivalent to the area of the tailpiece
 Fixtures having concealed slip joint connections shall be provided with an access panel or utility at least 0.3 meter in its
least dimension

PROHIBITED FIXTURES

 Use of water closets having invisible seats or unventilated space or having walls, which are not thoroughly washed out at
each discharge

SETTING

 WC/Bidet – center to wall (0.375); center to center (0.75)

 Urinal – center to wall (0.30); center to center (0.60)

SHOWER COMPARTMENTS (regardless of shape)

 Min. finished interior area = 0.6 square meter

 Capable of encompassing a 762 mm diameter circle.
 The minimum area and dimensions shall be maintained from a point above the shower drain outlet to a height of l. 78
meters with no protrusions other than the fixture valve or valves, shower head and safety grab bars or rails

WATER SUPPLY AND DISTRIBUTION

RUNNING WATER REQUIRED

 plumbing fixture shall be provided with an adequate supply of potable running water
 Water closets and urinals shall be flushed by means of an approved flush tank or flushometer vaJve
 Faucets and diverters shall be connected to the hot and cold water distribution supplies so that the hot water supply is
located at Left side of the combination fitting

BACKFLOW PREVENTION DEVICES, ASSEMBLIES, AND METHODS

 Airgap - minimum airgap: 25mm

 Atmospheric Vacuum Breaker (AVB) - consists of a body, a checking member and an atmospheric opening
 Double Check Valve Backflow Prevention Assembly (DC) - consists of two independently acting internally or externally
loaded check valves, four properly located test cocks with connectors and two isolation gate valves
 Pressure Vacuum Breaker Backflow Prevention Assembly (PVB) - consists of a loaded air inlet valve, an internally load<0.
check valve, two properly located test cocks and two isolation gate valves
 Reduced Pressure Principle Backflow Prevention Assembly (RP) - consists of two independently acting internally loaded
check valves, a differential pressure relief valve, four properly located test cocks and two isolation gate valves

MATERIALS

Water pressure pipes for cold water distribution systems

 shall be of copper, Centrifugal Cast Iron (CCI), B & S and F & F ends, ductile cast iron (DCI), Galvanized Wrought Iron,
Galvanized Steel, or other approved PE & PVC.
 CPVC water pipe and tubing may be used for hot and cold water distribution systems within a building.
 Cast iron fittings up to and including 51 mm in size, when used in connection with potable water piping shall be galvanized
 Water pipes and fittings with a lead content that exceed eight (8) percent shall be prohibited and not used in potable piping
systems
VALVES

 Valves up to and including 51 mm in size shall be brass

 Sizes over 51 mm may have cast iron or brass bodies
 A valve used to control two (2) or more openings shall be a fi.11lway gate valve
 fullway gate valve controlling all outlets shall be installed on the discharge side of each water meter and on each
unmetered water supply
 fullway gate valve shall be installed on the cold water supply pipe to each water heater near the water heater
 fullway gate valve shall be installed for each apartment or dwelling occupied by more than one family
 main supply shutoff valve for each apartment, individual shutoff gate valves shall be provided for each fixture
 Control gate valves shall be installed before each water-supplied appliance slip joint, supply pipings for non-metallic fixture
and appliance
 required shutoff or control valves shall be accessible

WATER PRESSURE

 MIN. = 103 KPA MAX. = 551KPA

INSTALLATION

 bottom of the water pipe at all points, shall is at least 0.3 m above the top of the sewer or drain line
 Water pipes crossing sewer or drainage piping constructed of clay or materials, not approved for use within a building, shall
be laid a minimum of 0.3 m above the sewer or drainpipe
 Unions - unions shall be installed in the water supply piping within 0.3 meter away from regulating equipment, water
heater, conditioning tank and similar equipment which require removal for servicing or replacement

SIZE OF POTABLE WATER PIPING

 shall be based on the total water demand

 quantity of water required to be supplied to every plumbing fixture shall be represented by "Fixture Units" (FU)
 No building water service pipe shall be less than 19 mm in diameter

SUPPORT

 Support all piping at intervals of not more than four (4) feet (1219 mm), at end of branches, and at change of direction or
elevation.

THRUST BLOCKING

shall be installed at all:

 Changes in direction, as at tees and bends

 Changes in size, as at reducers;
 Stops, as at dead ends; and
 Valves, where thrusts may be expected
EXCRETA DRAINAGE SYSTEM
 Excreta Drainage pipings - shall be cast iron, ductile iron, galvanized steel galvanized wrought iron, lead, copper, brass,
Series 1000 PVC DWV extra-strength vitrified clay pipe
 No galvanized wrought iron/galvanized steel pipe - shall be used underground and shall be kept at least 152 mm above
ground
 ABS and PVC DWV piping installations - shall be used in high-rise buildings
 No Vitrified Clay Pipes or Fittings for Building Drain or Sewer - shall be used above ground or whenever piping is
pressurized by a pump or ejector. They shall be kept at least 0.3 meter below finish ground level
 Drainage fittings - shall be of cast iron, malleable iron, lead, brass, copper, ABS, PVC, vitrified clay, or other approved
materials having a smooth interior waterway of the same diameter as the piping served and all such fittings shall be
compatible with the type of pipe used
 Threads of drainage fittings - shall be tapped to allow two (2) percent or 21 mm/m grade

SIZE OF DRAINAGE PIPING

 shall be determined from the total of all fixture units connected thereto, and additional, in the case of vertical drainage
pipes, in accordance with their height or length

CHANGES IN DIRECTION OF EXCRETA DRAINAGE FLOW

 Changes in direction of drainage piping shall be made by the appropriate use of approved fittings and shall be of the angles
presented by a 22 '12'' or 1/16 bend, 45° or 1/8 bend, and 60° or 1/6 bend or other approved fittings of equivalent sweeps

CLEANOUTS

 Horizontal run is more than 15 meters: provide a cleanout at every 15-meter length
 Cleanouts may be omitted on a horizontal drain line less than I. 5 meter in length unless such line is serving sinks or urinals
 Cleanouts may be omitted on short horizontal drainage pipe installed at a slope of (72) degrees or less from the vertical line
(or an angle 1/5 bend)
 additional cleanout shall be provided on a horizontal line with an aggregate offset angle of direction exceeding one hundred
and thirty-five (135) degrees
 shall be installed so it opens in the direction of flow to allow cleaning of the soil or waste line or at right angles thereto and,
except in the case of wye branch and end-of-line cleanouts, shall be installed vertically above the flow line of the pipe
 cleanout in piping S 1 mm or less in size shall be installed so that there is a clearance of not less than 305 mm in front of the
cleanout
 Cleanouts in piping larger than 51 mm shall have a clearance of not less than 0.45 m in front of the cleanout
 Cleanouts in underfloor piping shall be extended to or above the finished floor or shall be extended outside the building
when there is less than 0.45 meter vertical and 0.75-meter horizontal clearance from the means of access to such cleanout.
 No underfloor cleanout in any residential occupancy shall be located more than 6.1 meters from an access door, trap door
or crawl hole

GRADE OF HORIZONTAL EXCRETA DRAINAGE PIPING

 Horizontal drainage piping shall run in practical alignment and at a uniform slope of not less than 2% or 20 mm/m towards
the point of disposal
 where it is impractical due to the depth of the street sewer or to adverse structural features or to some irregular
arrangements of affected building or structure to obtain a slope of 2 percent or any such pipe or piping 102 mm or larger in
diameter may ~we a slope of not less than one 1 percent or 10 mm/m

SUDS RELIEF

 Fixture outlets shall not be connected to the horizontal excreta drainage piping system within 2.4 meter of any vertical to
horizontal change of direction of H stack containing suds-producing fixtures
 Bathtubs, laundries, washing machine standpipes, kitchen sinks and dishwashers shall be considered suds-producing
fixtures
 Exceptions: (a) Single family residences. (b) Stacks receiving the discharge from less than (3) stories of plumbing fixtures
 MAXIMUM FIXTURE UNIT LOADING AND MAXIMUM LENGTH OF EXCRETA DRAINAGE AND VENT PIPING

 Individual vent diameter - shall not be less than 32 mm nor less in size than one-half (1/2) the diameter of the drain to
which it is connected
 Only four (4) water closets or 6 fixture unit traps are allowed on any vertical pipe or stack and not to exceed three (3) water
closets or six (6) fixture unit traps on any horizontal branch or drain.

INDIRECT WASTE PIPING, WET-VENTED SYSTEMS AND SPECIAL WASTES

 No evaporative cooler, air washer or similar air conditioning equipment - shall have any drain pipe in connection
therewith, directly connected to any soil, waste and vent pipe. Such equipment shall be drained by means of indirect waste
and all wastes drained by them shall discharge through an airbreak into an open floor sink or other approved type receptor
properly connected to the drainage system
 No cold storage room, refrigerator, cooling counter, compartment, receptacle, appurtenance or device used for the
storage or holding of food or drink and no dishwashing or culinary sink in any food preparation room used for soaking,
washing or preparing ready·-to-serve food - shall have any drain in connection therewith directly connected to any soil,
waste or vent pipe. Such equipment or fixtures shall be drained by means of indirect waste pipe
 Cooling and air-conditioning equipment may be separated by an airbreak, but all food equipment shall be separated from
the drainage system by a full airgap
 airgap for drainage - shall be not less than 25 mm between the plumbing fixture, appliance or appurtenance outlet and the
rim of the floor sink or receptor.

INDIRECT WASTE RECEPTORS

 No standpipe receptor for any clothes washer shall extend more than 0.8 meter nor less than 0.45 m above its trap.
 No trap for any clothes washer standpipe receptor shall be installed below the floor, but shall be roughed no less than 15
cm and not more than 45 cm above the floor.
 No indirect waste receptor shall be installed in any toilet room, closet, cupboard or storeroom nor in any other portion of a
building not for general use by the occupants thereof

COMBINATION WASTE AND VENT SYSTEMS

 Any branch more than 4.6-meter m length shall be separately vented in an approved manner.
 The minimum area of any vent installed in a CW & VS shall be at least one··half (l/2) the inside cross sectional area of the
drain pipe served. The vent connection shall be downstream of the uppermost fixture.

DIRECT WASTE TO GROUND

 "Sacrarium" waste of holy water and washwater at church altar service! must not be discharged into the sanitary drainage
system but disposed off directly into the ground.

CLEAR WATER WASTES

 Water lifts., expansion tanks cooling jackets, sprinkler systems, drip or overflow pans or similar devices which discharge
clear waste water into the building drainage system shall discharge through an indirect waste by means of an air gap.

SWIMMING POOLS

 Pipes carryi11g wastewater from swimming or wading pools., including pool drainage and backwash from filters, and water
from promenade drains which serve walks shall be installed as an indirect waste Where a pump is used to discharge waste
pool water to the drainage system, the pump discharge shall be installed as an indirect waste
REFRIGERATION WASTES

 The indirect waste lines carrying refrigeration waste shall not be smaller than shown in the following pipe size schedule:
o 32 mm -- 1 inlet serving not more than 2.8 m3 of refrigeration space
o 51 mm- 4 to 12m·\ 32 mm inlets or the equivalent refrigeration space
o 76 mm ··· 13 to 36m3~ 32 mm inlets or the equivalent refrigeration space

AIR-CONDITIONING EQUIPMENT

 if discharged into the drainage system any evaporative cooler, airwasher, or similar air-conditioning equipment shall be
drained by means of an indirect waste pipe.
 Point of Discharge
o Air-conditioning condensate waste pipes shall connect indirectly to the drainage system through an airgap or
airbreak to:
 A. A properly trapped receptor or
 B. Other points of discharge acceptable to the Administrative Authority including dry wells. leach pits, the
tailpiece of plumbing fixture, etc.

VENTS AND VENTING

MATERIALS

 Vent pipes shall be cast iron, ductile cast iron, galvanized steel, galvanized wrought iron, lead, copper, brass, Schedule 40,
ABS, DWV, Series 1000, PVC, DWV or other approved materials having a smooth and uniform bore except that:
o Galvanized Wrought Iron/Galvanized Steel Pipe – at least 15 cm. above ground; shall not be use underground
o Horizontal and vertical vent lines and vent stacks – shall be copper, cast iron. galvanized wrought iron or polyvinyl
chloride pipes.
 Vent fittings - shall be cast iron, galvanized malleable iron or galvanized steel, lead, copper, brass, ABS, PVC. or other
approved materials, except that no galvanized malleable iron or galvanized steel fittings shall be buried underground but
shall be kept at least 152 mm above finish ground level

VENT TERMINATION

 (SVTR) - shall extend its flashing all around and the stack vent shall terminate vertically 15 cm (Min.) above the roof nor less
than 0.3 meter from any vertical surface nearby
 Each vent opening shall terminate not less than three (3) meters from, or at least 0. 9 meter above any openable window,
door opening, air intake or vent shaft~ nor less than 0.9 meter away from any lot line, alley and street boundary lines.
 Vent pipes shall be extended separately or combined, of full required size not less than 15 cm above the roof or fire wall.
Flagpoling of vents b prohibited except where the roof is used for purposes other than weather protection
 Vertical vent pipes for outdoor installations shall extend to at least 3 meter distant from any part of the roof that is used for
other purposes and shall extend not less than 2.1 meter above such roof and shall be securely layed.

VENT STACKS AND RELIEF VENTS

 Soil/Waste stack which extends 10/more stories above building drain - shall be served by a parallel vent stack which shall
extend undiminished in size from its upper terminal at the roof and connect to the soil or waste stack at ground level and at
every fifth floor levels with a "yoke vent" at a point below the horizontal soil or waste branch connection to the stack and at
the nearby vent stack above the same floor to provide a relief vent. The size of yoke vent shall be not less in diameter than
either the soil stack or the vent stack, whichever is smaller
 The yoke vent connection with the vent stack shall be placed not less than 1.00 meter above the floor level, and the yoke
vent connection with the drainage stack shall be by means of a wye branch fitting placed below the fixture branch serving
that floor
SIZE OF VENTS

 The size of vent piping shall be determined from its length and the total number of fixture units connected thereto
 The diameter of an individual vent shall not be less than one and one-fourth (l-l/4) inches (32 mm) nor less than one-half
(1/2) the diameter of the drain to which it is connected.
 the drainage piping of each building and each connection to a public sewer or a private sewage disposal system shall be
vented by means of one or more vent pipes, the aggregate cross-sectional area of which shall not be Jess than that of the
largest required building sewer
 No more than one-third (1/3) of the total permitted length of any minimum sized vent shall be installed in a horizontal
position.

TRAPS AND INTERCEPTORS

 Not more than one trap shall be permitted on a trap arm.
 1 trap may serve a set of not more than 3 single compartment sinks or laundry tubs of the same depth or 3
lavatories immediately adjacent to each other and in the same room if the waste outlets are not more than 0.75
meter apart and the trap is centrally located when three (3) compartments are installed. The depth requirement
may be waived if approved-type pump discharge the fixtures or appliances.
 vent pipe opening from a soil or waste pipe, except for water closets and similar fixtures, shall not be below the
weir of the trap
 The vent pipe opening from a soil or waste pipe, except for water closets and similar fixtures, shall not be below
the weir of the trap
 The developed length betwee11 the trap of a water closet or similar fixture measured from the top of closet ring
(closet flange) to inner edge of vent shall not exceed 1.8 meters.
 trap arm may change direction without the use of a cleanout when such change of direction does not exceed
ninety (90) degrees.
o Exception: For trap arms 76 mm in diameter and larger, the change of direction not exceeding 22 % no
cleanout is required and for change of direction greater than 22% 0 a cleanout is required at the bend

 TRAPS PROHIBITED
o ''S”, Bell and Crown vented traps are prohibited
o No fixture shall be double trapped
o No drum trap shall be installed without a vent
o No form of trap which depends for its seal upon the action of movable parts or concealed interior
partitions shall be used
 TRAP SEALS
Each fixture trap shall have a water seal of not less than 51 mm and more than 102 mm deep except where a
deeper seal is found necessary
 GREASE TRAPS
o not required for individual dwelling units or tor any private living quarters
o No water jacketed grease trap or grease interceptor shall be approved or installed
o Each grease trap shall have an approved water seal of not less than 51mm in depth or the diameter of
its outlet, whichever is greater
STORM DRAINAGE SYSTEM
 Storm drainage are required for roof areas, courts and courtyards to collect storm water and discharge the
storm water to an approved point of disposal
 MATERIALS
 downspout or conductor pipings placed within the interior of a building inside a ve11ical pipe chase or run w/n a
vent shaft shall be of cast iron, galvanized steel, iron. brass, copper, lead, Schedule 40 ABS, DWV, Series 1000,
PVC DWV or other approved materials
 Rainwater downspout or conductor located on the exterior side of a low height building - shall be not less than
26 ga. galvanized sheet metal
 Rainwater piping located within a medium height building basement area shall be of galvanized iron pipe,
Schedule 30; cast iron soil pipe, S.W. Type DWV copper tube, Schedule 40 ABS, DWV, Series 1000, PVC DWV, or
other approved materials
 Downspouts for high rise buildings shall be of stronger pipe materials to resist the high hydrostatic pressure
inside the vertical downspout instal1ed within the pipe chase which has no intermediate branch from the roof
to the ground level
 CONNECTIONS AND INSTALLATION
o Rainwater piping shall not be used as soil, waste & vent pipes
 ROOF DRAIN
o Roof drains shall be of cast Iron, copper. or other corrosion-resistant materials
o shall be equipped with strainers extending not less than 102 mm above the surface of the roof
immediately adjacent to the drain, Dome-Type Strainers shall have a minimum total net inlet area of
one and one-half (1 1/2) times the area of the outlet pipe to which it is connected.
 SIZING OF RAINWATER PIPING
 based upon maximum depth in mm or rainfall per hour falling upon a given roof area in square meter
 Manila Area Rainfall Intensity = 102 mm/hour

HOUSE DRAINS AND HOUSE SEWERS

 DAMAGE TO PUBLIC SEWER OR PRIVATE SEW AGE DISPOSAL SYSTEM
o No rain, surface or subsurface waters shall be connected to or discharge into any excreta drainage
system
o No cesspool and septic tank effluents, seepage pit or underdrain system shall be connected to the
excreta building sewer leading to public sewer main
 BUILDING SEWER MATERIALS
o shall be installed not less than 0.6 meter from the outer face of any building foundation or wall, nor less
than 0.3 meter below the finish surface of the ground
o No building sewer shall be smaller than 150 mm diameter nor less in size than the building drain
o Building sewers shall be run in practical alignment at a uniform slope of not less than (2) percent or 21
mm per meter toward the point of disposal. i.e. to the septic tank or to the street sewer main
o when it is impractical, due to the depth of the street sewer or the structural features or due to adverse
arrangement of any building or structure, to obtain a slope of two (2) percent or 21 mm per meter, any
such pipe or piping_ 102 mm and 152.4 mm in diameter may have a slope not less than s = 1%. (10.5
mm per meter) and any such piping 203 mm diameter and larger may have a slope of not less than s =
0.5%, (5.3 mm per meter).
  CLEANOUTS
o Cleanouts shall be placed inside the building near the connection between the building drain and the
building sewer or installed outside the building at the lower end of the building drain and extended to
grade
o shall be installed not to exceed 15 meter on center in straight runs and for each aggregate change in
direction exceeding 135 degrees
o Cleanouts installed under concrete or asphalt paving shall be made accessible by strong yard boxes with
hinged cover or extending the top cover with countersunk operating nut flush with paving with
approved materials and be adequately protected
o maximum distance between manholes shall not exceed 91 meters
o inlet and outlet pipe connections of manholes shall be made by the use of flexible compression joints no
closer than 0.3 meter from outside of the manhole

 SEWER AND WATER PIPES

o bottom of the water pipe. at all points, shall be at least 0.3 m above the top of the sewer or drain line
o water pipe shall be placed on a solid shelf excavated at one side of the common trench with a minimum
clear horizontal distance of at least 0.3 meter from the sewer or drain line
o Water pipe joints shall be installed not less than 3 meters away from sewer line in both directions
o Water pipes crossing sewer or drainage piping constructed of clay or materials which are not approved
for use within a building shall be laid a minimum of 0.3 m clear above the sewer or drain pipe

 MINIMUM HORIZONTAL DISTANCE REQUIRED FROM BUILDING SEWER

Description Distance
Building or Structures 0.6
Property Line adjoining Property Clear
Water Supply Well 15.2
Streams 15.2
On-Site Domestic Water Lines 0.3
Public Water Main 0.3

o All drainage piping shall clear domestic water supply wells by at least 15.2 m. The distance may be
reduced to not less than 7.6 m when the drainage piping is constructed of materials approved for use
within a building.

JOINTS AND CONNECTIONS

 TYPES OF JOINTS

 Caulked Joints - for bell-and-spigot cast iron soil pipe (CISP) and other similar joints shall be firmly packed with
oakum or hemp and filled with molten pig lead to a depth of not less than 25.4 mm. The lead shall be caulked
thoroughly at the inside and outside edges of the joint. After caulking, the finished joint shall not extend more
than 3.2 mm below the rim of the hub. No painting, varnish or other coatings shall be permitted on the jointing
material until after the joint has been tested and approved. Caulked joints in centrifugally cast iron (CCIP) belt-
and-spigot water pipe shall be made with non-toxic materials
 Threaded Joints - for iron pipe size (IPS) pipe and fittings shall be standard taper pipe threads. Threads on plastic
pipe shall be factory cut or molded. Threaded plastic pipe shall be Schedule 80 minimum wall thickness. Tubing
threads shall conform to fine tubing thread standards. When a pipe joint material is used, it shall be applied only
on the male threads and such materials shall be approved type, insoluble in water and nontoxic. Cleanout plugs
and caps shall be lubricated with water-insoluble, non-hardening material. Tape is acceptable for use on male
threads, only if screwed pipe joint

 Wiped Joints - Joints in lead pipe or fittings or between lead pipe of fittings and brass or copper pipe, ferrules,
solder nipples or traps shall be full-wiped lead joints. Wiped lead joints shall have an exposed surface on each
side of a joint not less than 19 mm and at least as thick as the material being joined. Wall or floor flange lead-
wiped joints shall be made by using a lead ring or flange placed behind the joint at wall or floor joints between
lead pipe and cast iron, steel or wrought iron pipe shall be made by means of a caulking ferrule or soldering
nipple

PRIVATE SEWAGE DISPOSAL SYSTEM

 SEPTIC TANK
o shall have a minimum of (2) compartments.
o The inlet compartment of any septic tank shall be not less than (2/3) of the total capacity of the tank,
nor less than 2 m3 liquid capacity
o shall be at least 0.9 m in width and 1.5 m in length.
o Liquid depth shall be not less than 0.6 m nor more than 1.8 m
o Secondary compartment of any septic tank shall have a minimum capacity of 1 m3 and a maximum
capacity of (1/3) of the total capacity of such tank.
o Septic tanks having over 6 m3 capacity, the secondary compartment may be not less than 1.5 m in
length
o Access to each septic tank shall be provided by at least two (2) manholes 508 mm in minimum
dimension or by an equivalent removable cover slab.
o One access manhole shall be located over the inlet and one (1) access manhole shall be located over the
outlet.
o Wherever a first compartment exceeds 3.7 min length, an additional manhole shall be provided over the
baffle wall
o The inlet and outlet pipe openings shall be not less in size than the connecting sewer pipe. The vertical
leg of a round inlet and outlet fittings shall not be less in size than the connecting sewer pipe nor less
than 104.6 mm
o The inlet and outlet pipe or baffle shall extend 101.6 mm above and at least 304.8 mm below the water
surface. The invert of the inlet pipe shall be at a level not Jess than 50.8 mm above the invert of the
outlet pipe
o side walls shall extend at least 228.6 mm above the liquid depth The cover of the septic tank shall be at
least 50.8 rum above the back vent openings
o Partitions or baffles between compartments shall be of solid durable material and shall extend at least
101.6 mm above the liquid level. An inverted fitting equivalent in size to the tank inlet, but in no case
less than 104.6 mm in size, shall be installed in the inlet compartment side of the baffle with the bottom
of the fitting placed midway in the depth of the liquid. Wooden baffles are prohibited
o septic tank covers shall be capable of supporting an earth load of not less than 14.4 kPa when the
maximum coverage does not exceed 9 m
 o Concrete Septic Tanks
 All concrete septic tanks shall be protected from corrosion by coating with an approved
bituminous coating or by other acceptable means. The coating shall extend to at least 101.6 mm
below the water line and shall cover all of the internal area above that point
o Steel Septic Tanks
 The minimum wall thickness of any steel tank shall be No. 12 U.S. gauge (.109) (2.8 mm) and
each such tank shall be protected from corrosion, both externally and internally, by an approved
bituminous coating or by other acceptable means

 SEEPAGE PITS
o Shall be circular in shape
o Shall have excavated min. diameter of 2.2m
o Shall be lined with approved type whole new hard burned clay brick. concrete brick, concrete circular
type cesspool blocks or other approved materials.
o All brick or block used in seepage pit construction shall have a minimum compressive strength of 17225
kPa
o Each seepage pit shall have a minimum sidewall (not including the arch) of 3 m below the inlet

 CESSPOOLS

o shall be considered only as a temporary expedient pending the construction of a public sewer, as an
overflow facility when installed in conjunction with an existing cesspool, or as a means of sewage
disposal tor limited, minor, or temporary uses when first approved by the Administrative Authority

 LOCATION OF SEWAGE DISPOSAL SYSTEM

MINIMUM HORIZONTAL
DISTANCE IN CLEAR BUILDING SEWER SEPTIC TANK DISPOSAL FIELD SEEPAGE PIT
REQUIRED FROM:
Building/Structures 0.6 1.5 2.4 2.4
Property Line adjoining
Clear 1.5 1.5 2.4
Private Property
Water Supply Wells 15.2 15.2 30.5 45.7
Streams 15.2 15.2 15.2 30.5
Trees - 3 - 3
Seepage Pits/Cesspools - 1.5 1.5 3.7
Disposal Field - 1.5 1.2 1.5
On-Site Domestic Water
0.3 1.5 1.5 1.5
Service Line
Distribution box 1.5 1.5
Pressure Public Water Main 3 3 3 3

o When disposal fields and/or seepage pits are installed in sloping ground. the minimum horizontal
distance between any part of the leaching system and ground surface shall be 4. 6 m
 LIST OF PLUMBING MATERIALS FOR SPECIFIC USES

o FOR POTABLE WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM

Aluminum Pipes (For Distilled

AlP
Water Line)
Copper Pipes & Tubes
Steel/Wrought Iron Pipes with
Lining Coating
Stainless Steel Pipe
Centrifugally Cast Iron Pipes with
Cement Mortar Lining
Centrifugally Cast Ductile Pipes
with Cement Mortar Lining
Plastic Tubes with NEOPRENE
Gaskets
Polyvinyl Chloride Tubes
Polybutylene Tubes
Polyethylene Tubes
Polypropylene Tubes
Polythene Tubes
Composite Aluminum & PE Lining &
Cooling
Reinforced Concrete Pressure Pipes
Glass Lined Metallic Pipes