NLL - Elementary - Coursebook 2019 PDF
NLL - Elementary - Coursebook 2019 PDF
NLL - Elementary - Coursebook 2019 PDF
1 Cities
1.1 BIG CITIES: CITY FACTS
GRAMMAR
• to be
• there is, there are (+ any)
VOCABULARY
• cities
• adjectives (1)
• places in a city
SCENARIO
• saying where places are
• using a map
STUDY SKILLS
• using your dictionary (1)
WRITING SKILLS
• a city description
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A
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‘I’m a city person – I go on holiday and I’m bored.’ Danny Boyle, 1956–, British film director
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VOCABULARY
CITIES, ADJECTIVES (1)
10 FACTS
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1 Using existing knowledge Match the cities in the box Jakarta, Indonesia ABOUT MY CITY
with the photos (A–D). (There are four extra cities.)
1 It’s in the west of Indonesia.
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2 Match the adjectives (1–8) with their opposites 4 It isn’t a quiet city. In fact, it’s very noisy.
(a–h), then choose two or three words for each city 5 It’s the capital of Indonesia.
in the photos.
1 good a hot 6 The weather is hot all year. It’s wet from October
to March.
2 old b dry
3 big c quiet 7 It’s famous for food.
4 cold d new
5 wet e expensive 8 The restaurants are good.
6 noisy f ugly 9 The boats in the old port are big.
7 beautiful g bad They’re beautiful, too.
8 cheap h small
10 The buses aren’t expensive.
Istanbul – big, …
READING
3b Are these sentences about Jakarta true or false?
3a Read the text and choose the correct answer.
1 It’s in Indonesia. true
Jakarta is 2 It’s in the west of the country.
1 big and noisy. 3 The weather is dry in December.
2 small and quiet. 4 It isn’t the capital of Indonesia.
3 cold and expensive. 5 The restaurants are bad.
6 The boats in the old port aren’t beautiful.
LISTENING
8a 1.1 Understandingc ontext Listen to two
conversations and choose the correct endings for
these sentences.
1 The conversations are between
a two students.
b two teachers.
GRAMMAR c a teacher and a student.
2 The situation is
TOBE
a on the phone.
4 Read the text again. Complete the table. b in a school/university.
c in a café.
affirmative(+ ) negative(–) question (?)
8b Listen again and complete these phrases.
I’m (I am) I’m not (I am not) am I?
Mexico City Istanbul
he’s (he is) he isn’t (he is not) is he?
1 big, noisy, old 4 big, , noisy
she’s (she is) she isn’t (she is not) is she? 2 the of Mexico 5 mosques
1
it’s (it is) it 2 (it is not) is it? 3 buses 6 in winter
you’re (you are) you aren’t (you are not) are you?
SPEAKING
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we’re (we are) we aren’t (we are not) are we?
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(they they 4 (they are are they? 9a Look at Audio script 1.1 on page 148. Practise the
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are) not) conversations with a partner.
9b Work with a partner to make similar conversations
Language reference and extra practice, pages 102–103
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between a teacher and a student.
5a Choose the correct word.
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1 London is / are the capital of the UK.
It’s / He’s an old city. C
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GRAMMAR TIP
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VOCABULARY READING
PLACES IN A CITY 2 Understanding main points Read the article about
1a Match the words in the box with the corresponding famous cities from an in-flight magazine below.
photo(s) on pages 8 and 9. You will not need all the words. Put these words in the correct gaps.
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a cars b people c boats
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C
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PL
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Famous cities In all cities there are large buildings, parks, museums and
schools, but a lot of cities are famous for other things.
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SPEAKING
7 Work with a partner to find out about
different cities.
Student A: Look at the table on page 131
J and ask questions.
Student B: Look at the table on page 132
and ask questions.
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LISTENING
8a 1.2I Love My City is a TV
programme. Listen to the programme
and match the people with the cities.
1 Yukako a Cape Town
2 Pablo b Lima
3 Stefan c Kyoto
4 Peter d Chicago
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GRAMMAR 1 Kyoto
a There are a lot of new buildings.
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THERE IS, THERE ARE
b There are a lot of old buildings. ✓
4a Complete the sentences from the article. N 2 Lima
1 In Rio, there is a famous carnival. a There are a lot of cafés.
2 In Mumbai, a lot of cinemas. b There are a lot of cars and buses.
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3 In Mumbai, a carnival. 3 Chicago
4 In Venice, buses or cars. a There are a lot of museums.
4b b There are a lot of temples.
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4 in Exercise 4a. When do we use any in a negative sentence? a There’s a beautiful fountain.
b There’s a beautiful mountain.
5 Complete the table below with the correct words in the box.
PREPARATION
1 Match the places in the box with the symbols (1–15).
1 2 3 4 5
bookshop
6 7 8 9 10
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11 12 13 14 15
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N
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2 1.4 Listen to six sounds from a city. Match them
with places in Exercise 1.
1 – railway station
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City Focus
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Cambridge is a famous
Cambridge
university city in the UK.
It’s in the east of 1 England ,
80 kilometres north of
London. It’s a small city
with a 2 of 124,000.
Cambridge is a beautiful old
city, and is very green, with
many parks and 3 .
There are 31 colleges in the
University of Cambridge –
King’s and Trinity are two
4
colleges. There
are 18,000 5 at the
university. There are also
a lot of English 6
schools in the city.
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4b Listen again and choose the best phrase (a, b or c) to complete 6b 1.7 Underline the parts of the
the sentences. words below with the schwa. Listen and
check, then repeat the words. One word
1 The bookshop is 3 The bus station is has two schwas.
a in Trinity College. a next to the park.
b opposite Trinity College. b opposite the post office. canal fountain library cinema
c next to Trinity College. c between the post office quiet million
2 The market is and the market.
a next to Trinity College. 4 The library is TASK
b in the shopping centre. a opposite the bus station.
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USING A MAP
c between Trinity College b in the shopping centre.
and the main post office. c between King’s College and 7 Work with a partner to find places on
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the tourist information centre. a map. Use the language from Exercises
4b–5 and the Useful phrases to help.
5 Look at the map again and make sentences. Use the table to help you.
N Student A: Look at the information on
The post office between Trinity College. page 131.
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Student B: Look at the information on
The theatre next to the tourist information centre.
page 147.
The library is in King’s College and the tourist
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STUDY SKILLS 8 A dictionary entry Look at the dictionary extracts below. Complete
USING YOUR DICTIONARY (1) the labels (1–6) with the phrases in the box.
1 1.8 The alphabet What is the first part of speech definition pronunciation example
letter of the English alphabet? What is opposite meaning different meanings of the word
the last letter? Listen and repeat the
alphabet. Look at Audio script 1.8 on
page 148. 1
2 1.9 Complete groups 1–7 with these P po.ny /ˈpəʊni $ ˈpoʊni/ noun (plural ponies)
letters. Listen and check your answers. a small horse 2
po.ny.tail /ˈpəʊniˌteɪl $ ˈpoʊniˌteɪl/ noun long
C E J K L N O P T
hair tied at the back of your head so that it hangs
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down: Kim’s hair was pulled back in a ponytail.
1 /eɪ/ AH see picture at HAIRSTYLE
2 /iː/ B C D G V
3 /e/ F M S Z
4 /aɪ/ I
5 /uː/ Q W pool1 /puːl/ noun 1 a place that has been made
6 /əʊ/ for people to swim in SYNONYM swimming pool:
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7 /ɑː/ R They have a pool in their back garden. 2 a pool
3
of water, blood, etc. is a small area of it somewhere:
3
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Which letters are these? Practise
saying the letters. Use the phonetic chart There was a pool of oil under the motorbike.
on page 159. 3 (no plural) a game in which you use a long stick
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1 /siː/ C 5 /kjuː/ to hit numbered balls into holes at the edge of a
2 /dʒiː/ 6 /juː/ table. You play or shoot pool.
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3 /eɪtʃ/ 7 /waɪ/
4 /dʒeɪ/ 8 /zed/
4 part of
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4a Listen to your teacher spell some poor /pʊə $ pʊr/ adjective 1 someone who is speech
words. Write the words. poor has very little money and does not own many
PL
Student B: Look at page 131. that had very little money). 2 something that is
poor is not as good as it should be: His schoolwork 6
5
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Number these words in alphabetical has been poor recently. 3 (spoken) used to show
order. You have 30 seconds. that you feel sorry for someone: Poor Ted had no
yes is idea what was happening.
famous café 1
market music From the Longman WordWise Dictionary
chair harbour
no cold
city park 9 Parts of speech The underlined words in sentences 1 and 2 are
mountain museum nouns. The underlined words in sentences 3 and 4 are adjectives.
6a Work with a partner and do a 1 There is a harbour in Sydney.
word race. Find these words in your 2 There is a museum in my city.
dictionary. Write the next word from 3 Mumbai is a busy city.
your dictionary. Who is first? 4 My city is big.
Which words below are nouns? Which words are adjectives? Use
under grass map head sea your dictionary. Write n or adj next to the words. (Dictionaries often
food radio thing English use n for nouns and adj for adjectives.)
1 international adj 7 quiet
6b Compare your words. Are they the
2 kilometre 8 shop
same?
3 lovely 9 small
7 Listen to your teacher and write down 4 noisy 10 station
the words you hear. Check your spelling 5 peaceful 11 university
in your dictionary. 6 port 12 zoo
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1 It isn’t hot, it isn’t cold. It’s warm . 13 Write a fact file for your city or another city.
2 It’s new. It’s . • Note information about the city.
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3 It’s full of people, cars and noise. It’s . • Put the information into sections, e.g. Location,
4 It isn’t ugly. It’s . N Climate …
5 It’s very good. It’s . • Write sentences for each section. Use adjectives.
Use and.
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1
Toronto is in the south-east of Canada, in Ontario.
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It is on Lake Ontario.
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2
In the summer, Toronto is warm (25˚C) and in the
winter, it is very cold (–10˚C).
3
Toronto is a big city. The population is 2.6 million.
4 General description
Toronto is a modern and busy city. There is a
beautiful harbour. There are a lot of museums,
theatres and restaurants.
5
Chinatown – There are a lot of restaurants and
Chinese shops here.
The CN Tower – There is a restaurant and a theatre
at the top of the tower. The views are wonderful.
Niagara Falls – This beautiful tourist attraction is
160km from Toronto.
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GRAMMAR
• questionw ords
• adverbs of frequency
VOCABULARY
• verbs connected with water
• adjectives(2)
SCENARIO
• making and responding to
suggestions
STUDY SKILLS
• classroomlanguage
WRITING SKILLS
• a description of a process
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A
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‘Let nature be your teacher.’ William Wordsworth, 1770–1850, British poet
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and lemon?
VOCABULARY a) early in the morning b) late at night
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GRAMMAR
QUESTION WORDS
5a Look at the quiz in Exercise 1 and
Audio script 3.1 on page 149. Underline
B C the question words (for example, what).
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7 asks about a choice between
two or more things.
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LISTENING
GRAMMAR TIP
3a What do we call a place with almost no water? (Look at the quizN
in Exercise 1.) Match photos A–E with the words in the box. We sometimes use What … ? and
Which … ? with a noun.
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cactus camel plant rock sand What percentage …?
Which languages …?
3b Do you know the names of any deserts? Where are they?
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4b 3.1 Listen to the interview and tick (✓) the ideas you hear. 1 When / Who / Where do you live?
2 How / What / Who do you study
1 Deserts are not all the same.
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English?
2 There’s almost no water in deserts.
3 Which / Why / What do you want to
3 Life in deserts is difficult.
learn English?
4 Dangerous animals live in deserts.
4 How / Who / Why do you remember
5 People don’t live in deserts.
from your first school?
6 Desert people don’t stay in one place.
5 Who / Where / What do you meet
4c 3.2 Listen to the first part of the interview again and complete your friends?
the sentences with numbers. 6 Where / Which / How hand do you
write with, your left or your right?
1 In hot deserts, the temperature changes from degrees in the
7 Why’s / What’s / When’s your
day to at night.
favourite city?
2 Only percent of the world’s deserts are sand.
8 What / Who / When do you drink
3 Deserts have a maximum of millimetres of rain a year.
coffee?
4d 3.3 Listen to the second part of the interview again and
complete these notes. SPEAKING
Life in the desert
7 Work with a partner to find out some
• Animals: A lot of them sleep 1 in the day . At night, more facts about water.
they 2 .
Student A: Look at the information on
• Plants: The Saguaro cactus has five tonnes of 3 page 132.
. Student B: Look at the information on
• People: They move from 4 . In Australia, page 131.
they eat 5 .
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Two jobs available this year: help with the sea kayak
• Work in the rainforest – be a park ranger. tours – they’re fun and
• Work with dolphins – be a wildlife officer. we usually see beautiful
Keep a blog to share your incredible experience with animals like seals and
the world. dolphins. There are 15
many of them here. We
AU$100,000 salary
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occasionally see large
Accommodation included. sharks. They come
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Are you interested in adventure? about once a month,
Do you love nature and wildlife? but we never have any 20
Are you a good communicator? N problems with them.
Aged 18–30?
Working here is great!
If yes, send a video to apply.
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To find out more about the jobs, click here
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3 A / once a year / visitor / gets lost / about / .
4 People / enjoy / the / always / mountain walks / .
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5 There / are / every afternoon / sea kayak tours / .
6 I / get / never / bored / because / the natural world /
always / is / incredible / .
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11 Add an adverb or expression of frequency to the
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sentences to make them true for you.
1 I swim in the sea.
2 I watch wildlife shows on TV.
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3 I go to national parks.
4 I travel by boat.
PL
8 I play sport.
7a Match the sentence beginnings (1–2) with the 9 I read a newspaper.
sentence endings (a–b). 10 I play computer games.
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PREPARATION
1 Read about the three charities below. Which one is most
interesting, do you think?
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3b What do these phrases describe? Listen again to check.
1 … are great fun.
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2 … is not much fun.
3 I don’t think … is a big problem.
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4 There are many good …
5 … are always popular.
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6 That’s a nice idea.
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Pandas
PL
INTERNATIONAL
There are only about
2,000 pandas alive in the
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4b Which sentences in Exercise 4a ask for 7 With your partner, make and respond to
suggestions? Which ones make suggestions? suggestions about this weekend. Use the language
in Exercises 4a and 6a.
PRONUNCIATION A: Let’s go to the cinema.
B: Greatid ea!
5a 3.6 Showing interest Listen to the end of the
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conversation again and answer these questions.
TASK
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1 Does Jess think the art competition is a really
good idea? MAKING AND RESPONDING TO SUGGESTIONS
2 Does Andy think going for something to eat is a 8a You are on a Student Committee. You want to plan
really good idea?
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a weekend of fund-raising events for a charity from
3 Does Chris think having a burger is a really good idea? Exercise 1. Prepare ideas for fund-raising activities and
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events. Think about typical ideas and unusual ideas.
great importance to
the world, but it is That sounds fun/good.
disappearing. Every That sounds interesting.
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7 Can you repeat that, please? a gas.
8 What’s the answer to number 1? e Parować.
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9 I don’t know. f It’s a verb.
10 Close your books. g /ɪˈvæpəreɪt/
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2b Match sentences a–e with five sentences from 4 Asking about words Work with a partner. Ask for
Exercise 2a with similar meanings. the English word, spelling and word stress for the
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a Sorry, I don’t understand. things in some pictures.
b I have no idea. Student A: Look at pictures A–D on page 133 and ask
c Look at page 28.
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5b Complete these sentences about parts 1–4 in the 7b We can use and with the pronouns it and they to
picture. Use the present simple form of these verbs. join two sentences or ideas. Look at the examples in
Exercise 7a, then join sentence pairs 1 and 2 below.
evaporate form heat move 1 The water vapour goes into the air. + The water
vapour forms clouds.
1 The sun the sea. 2 Animals go to the rivers. + Animals drink the water.
2 The water .
3 The water vapour clouds . 8 Look at the second part of the water cycle (parts
4 The clouds above the mountains. 5–8). Put these sentences in the right order.
a The rain goes into the rivers.
6 Linkers Complete this description of the first part of b The cycle begins again.
the water cycle (parts 1–4). Use the phrases in the box. c The rain falls to the ground.
Some phrases can go in more than one gap. There is d The water vapour changes into rain.
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one phrase you do not need. e The rivers carry the water to the sea.
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next, finally, then, first of all, after that, 9 Now describe the second part of the water cycle
(parts 5–8). Use the ideas in Exercise 8. Don’t forget
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1
the sun heats the sea. 2 the water in the to use linkers and pronouns. Look at Exercise 6 to
sea evaporates and it goes into the air. 3 the water help you.
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vapour forms clouds. 4 the clouds move over the In the cold air, the water vapour …
land and they move above the mountains.
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GRAMMAR
• comparative adjectives
• superlativeadj ectives
VOCABULARY
• transport
• airtr avel
SCENARIO
• buying a ticket
• booking a flight
STUDY SKILLS
• planning your written work
WRITING SKILLS
• description (a transport
system)
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‘O! for a horse with wings.’ William Shakespeare, 1564–1616, British playwright
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1a Match the means of transport in the box with the Question of the day
verbs (1–4) below.
How fast can I travel? What are the top
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1
2
to travel/go by bike, boat …
to drive a bus, a car …
3
4
to ride
to fly
Answer:
You’re obviously in a hurry! Let’s start with
1b Which means of transport do you use? Which do travelling on land. Modern cars can go very fast –
you like/not like? the Bugatti Veyron Supersport has a top speed of
about 430km/h, but there’s a speed limit on the
I usually travel by bus because buses are cheap. majority of motorways, so you can only drive at
I don’t like motorbikes because they’re noisy. around 120km/h.
Trains are usually faster than cars. The Chinese
READING high-speed train (CRH380A) can go at 486km/h,
but it usually travels at a slower speed of
2 Match the means of transport 1–5 with photos A–E. 380km/h. You can take this train from Beijing to
1 high-speed train 4 passenger ship Shanghai – a journey of about five hours.
2 sportscar 5 private plane Of course, planes are faster than cars or trains.
3 passenger plane The Airbus A350 travels at about 900km/h – fast,
but slower than the Cessna Citation X. This flies at
3 Match the means of transport in Exercise 2 with 972km/h – but it’s quite small and only carries a
these speeds. Then read the article and check. maximum of nine passengers.
a 56km/h 4 d 486km/h But life isn’t all about speed. Ships are a nice,
b 972km/h e 903km/h easy way of travelling. They’re slow – even a
fast passenger ship reaches only 56km/h – but
c 430km/h
they’re more comfortable and more relaxing than
other means of transport. Isn’t that sometimes
important, too?
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go at over 850km/h. Exercise 6. What is the vowel sound in than?
6 Travelling by sea is slow.
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7b Work with a partner. Make comparisons with these
GRAMMAR prompts. Be careful with the pronunciation of than.
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COMPARATIVE ADJECTIVES 1 trains / planes / cheap
2 planes / motorbikes / noisy
5 We use comparative adjectives to compare one
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3 motorbikes / ships / exciting
person or thing with another person or thing.
4 bikes / cars / safe
Planes are faster than trains or cars. 5 trams / buses / common
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adjective comparative
8 Collaboration Work with a partner. You want to buy
slow 1
slower a new car. Look at the information below and compare
fast 2
the cars. Use the adjectives in the box. Which car do
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3
nicer you want?
4
easier than
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3 Are these sentences true or false? London has perhaps the most famous buses in the world –
the red double-deckers. It also has a good metro (or underground)
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1 London is smaller than Moscow.
system, and it is the oldest in the world. Unfortunately,
2 New York’s metro system is smaller than some
it is also the most expensive in the world.
others.
3 People do not know about the buses in London.
N Many people think that public transport in
Tokyo is the best in the world. It is certainly
4 London’s underground trains are cheap.
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B very busy and always crowded. In fact,
5 There are many passengers in Tokyo’s
the busiest train station in the world is
metro stations.
Shinjuku Station, central Tokyo, with 3.6
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A
C
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GRAMMAR LISTENING
SUPERLATIVE ADJECTIVES 7a 5.2 Listen to three people talking about
4a Match sentences 1–3 with a–c. Do we use how they get around their cities. Choose the
superlative adjectives to compare one thing with correct answers.
another thing, or with several things in a group?
1 New York has the world’s biggest station. person city transport to journey to
2 The London Underground is the oldest metro system college/work college/work
in the world. 1 Mei Beijing/ motorbike / 30 minutes /
3 The London Underground is the most expensive Nanjing bus / metro / 13 minutes
metro system in the world. electric bike
a It’s older than all the others. 2 Fuad Khartoum / car / bus / 1 hour /
b It’s more expensive than all the others. Cairo metro 1 hour 30
c It’s larger than all the others. minutes
3 Sandra Amsterdam / tram / boat / 20 minutes /
4b Complete the table with superlatives from the
Anderlecht bike / 12 minutes
article.
motorbike
adjective superlative
old the 1 7b Listen again. Which city/cities does each sentence
describe? Check your answers with Audio script 5.2 on
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large the 2
page 150.
big the 3
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1 The metro system is small. Beijing and
busy the 4 2 The buses are busy. and
famous the 5 3 Bikes are popular. and
beautiful the 6
N 4 The metro is a nice way to travel.
good the 7 5 Some people travel by boat.
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bad the 8 worst
SPEAKING
Language reference and extra practice, pages 110–111
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age (first trains) 1904 1863 1927 9 Evaluation Write a paragraph about transport and
travelling around your town/city. Use Audio script 5.2
Length (long/short) on page 150 to help you.
The metro system in New York is 1 longer thanthe The best way to get around Paris is the metro,
metro in Tokyo, but the London Underground is 2 because ...
system of the three.
The metro system in New York is 3 than the metro
in London, but the Tokyo metro is 4 system of the
three.
MEET THE EXPERT
Watch an interview with Chloe
5b Write pairs of sentences for the other information Couchman, an expert on London tourism,
in the table. about getting around a famous city.
• price (expensive/cheap) Turn to page 128 for video activities.
• age (old/modern)
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PREPARATION
1 Match sentences 1–4 with sentences a–d with a
similar meaning.
1 The flight takes ten hours. TopAir
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2 The plane departs at 17.00.
We give you more than other airlines
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3 The arrival time is 17.00.
4 The price of the ticket is €500. Full meal and drinks service
a The plane leaves at five o’clock. In-flight films and video games
b The ticket costs €500.
N In-flight head-massage service (extra charge)
c The flight is ten hours long.
Bigger seats and more leg room
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d The plane lands at 5 p.m.
We fly three times a week to all our destinations.
2 5.3 Complete the sentences below with the
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company pays and then I fly clas s. 20% cheaper than other airlines.
3 This airline has really good service.
How do we do it?
-cost
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price to the travel agent and underline
the important information. Then phone the travel agent
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in-flight good / very good / good / very good /
and take notes of the information. Choose the best flight
service excellent excellent
and make a booking.
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Student B: You are Chris, the travel agent. Read the
6a 5.5 Which flight does Kasia decide to book, do you email below from a frequent customer. Look at the
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think? Listen to the rest of the conversation and check. timetable and information on page 135 and follow the
instructions.
6b Listen again and complete this booking form.
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From: Jo Staveley
inbox 2
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Class: Seat: (to arrive Monday) and returning one week later. I need to
arrive in Moscow by midday their time.
Payment method:
The return time is not important, but I don’t want to leave
Moscow very early in the morning. Of course, the cheaper
the better! Can you find a suitable flight for me?
KEY LANGUAGE I think the flight is very long – what in-flight services do
BUYING A TICKET they offer?
7a 5.6 Complete these questions and write answers Speak to you soon.
for the two airlines. Then listen and check. Best wishes,
1 When it leave?
Jo
2 When it arrive?
3 How does it take?
4 How does it cost?
5 it a good airline?
USEFUL PHRASES
7b Write the travel agent’s questions for 1–6 on the
Customer Travel agent
booking form in Exercise 6b. Look at Audio script 5.5
Can you tell me about … ? Would you like … ?
on page 151 and check your ideas.
How much does … ? How would you like
1 Which airline would you like to travel with? When does … ? to pay?
I’d like to …
8 Practise the conversation with a partner. Remember How long does … ?
the pronunciation of compound nouns.
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STUDY SKILLS 3 Word webs Use word webs to organise information in a visual
PLANNING YOUR WRITTEN WORK way. This helps you remember the information. Use the word web
below to record the information from Exercise 2.
1a Stages in writing Look at these stages
in a piece of writing. Number them in the
order you do them. good system General excellent links
a Do a draft. information
b Join ideas together.
c Read and understand the Air
Sea TRANSPORT
question or task.
d Do a final copy. IN ITALY
e Make changes and add new
ideas to your draft.
Road Rail
f Think of ideas and write
them down.
g Put ideas in the best order.
S
these things when you write? Which
IT
things do you miss out? Why?
airports.
5 Italy has a very good transport system.
SA
4b Now make a word web with the information from Exercise 4a.
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S
Read this paragraph from the text, then choose the best topic
sentence below (a–d). they’re cheaper but at night.
2 On Italian motorways, but the speed
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limit is 130km/h but it’s 50km/h in
4
There are a lot of boats and ships on the big rivers like the River
N towns.
Ganges. These boats carry people, animals, food and goods. 3 In Mexico, buses are cheap but long
Some people live on boats and catch fish to eat. journeys can take but more than 24
U
hours.
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1
India is a very large 2
The most popular way 3
The railway system 4
There are a lot of boats
country with a population to travel in India is by carries more than 25 and ships on the big rivers
of over one billion people. road, and there are over million people every day. like the River Ganges.
There are very long 4,200,000 kilometres The longest train journey These boats carry people,
distances between places. of roads. India now has is 4,286 kilometres and it animals, food and goods.
Different kinds of transport new roads, but there goes from Dibrugarh in the Some people live on boats
move people hundreds of are still problems with north-east to Kanyakumari and catch fish to eat.
kilometres every day. road transport. The new in the south. It takes 82
roads aren’t near a lot of hours and there are 56
the villages. Also, a lot stops.
of people are poor and
cannot buy cars. Buses are
very popular, but they are
often very crowded.
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