ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I am very much thankful from the core of my heart for the precious contribution of my guide
who provided his possible help the succses ful completion of the project has been possible due to
sincere co operation guidance ,inpiration, moral support and timely advice of my guidewho
ddevoted his utmost co operation in this project work.I also give special thanks to my colleagues
for that endlessflow of ideas and all those who helped in this project insome way or the other.
ABSTRACT
This project titled “Microcontroller based Bidirectional Visitor counter” is designed

and presented in order to count the visitors of an auditorium, hall, offices,
malls,sports venue, etc. The system counts both the entering and exiting
visitor of theauditorium or hall or other place, where it is placed. Depending
upon the interruptfrom the sensors, the system identifies the entry and exit
of the visitor. On thesuccessful implementation of the system, it displays the
number of visitor present inthe auditorium or hall. This system can be
economically implemented in all theplaces where the visitors have to be
counted and controlled. Since counting thevisitors helps to maximize the
efficiency and effectiveness of employees, floor areaand sales potential of an
organization, etc.
INTRODUCTION
Circuit Components
Here is the list of components and their corresponding values used in this circuit.
 LPC2148 Development Board

 Push Button
 16 x 2 LCD Display
 2 x IR Sensors (Reflective Type)
 Connecting Wires
 Power Supply
 Keil µVision Software
 Proteus
1.LPC2148
LPC2138/48 mini development board from rhydolabz is an easy to handle, general purpose
Development board built around LPC2138/48 (microcontroller based on ARM7TDMI-S CPU)
and related peripherals.
The board is designed with a variety of hardware to exercise LPC2138/48 microcontroller
peripherals.Mini Bread board is also provided to ease the use. Ideally suitable for training and
developmentpurposes.
LPC 2148
 High Performance 32-bit ARM7TDMI-S™ CPU

 512 kB Programmable Flash Memory provides minimum of
10,000 erase/write cycles and 10 years of data-retention
 32 kB + 8 kB Data Memory (SRAM)
 Provides 8 kB of on-chip RAM accessible to USB by DMA
 Two 10-bit ADCs provide a total of 14 analog inputs, with conversion times
as low as 2.44 us per channel
 Single 10-bit DAC provides variable analog output
 Two 32-bit Timers/External event counters
 Four Capture and four Compare channels
 PWM unit with six output pins
 Low power Real-time clock with independent power and dedicated 32 kHz clock input
 Multiple serial interfaces including two UARTs (UART0 & UART1)
 Vectored interrupt controller with configurable priorities and vector addresses
 Up to nine edge or level sensitive external interrupt pins

 USB 2.0 Full-speed compliant device controller with 2 KB of endpoint RAM
2.IR SENSOR
Infrared Obstacle Sensor Module has builtin IR transmitter and IR receiver that sends out IR energy and loo
any obstacle in front of the sensor module. The module has on board potentiometer that lets user adjust detect
response even in ambient light or in complete darkness.
Working Principle of IR Obstacle Sensor

An IR sensor consists of an IR LED and an IR Photodiode; together they are called as Pho
before,the Infrared Obstacle Sensor has builtin IR transmitter and IR receiver. Infrared Tra
which emits infrared radiations. Hence, they are called IR LED’s. Even though an IR LED lo
emitted by it is invisible to the human eye.
Infrared receivers are also called as infrared sensors as they detect the radiation from an
the form of photodiodes and phototransistors. Infrared Photodiodes are different from norm
infrared radiation. When the IR transmitter emits radiation, it reaches the object and some o
receiver. Based on the intensity of the reception by the IR receiver, the output of the sensor
IR Sensor Interfacing with LPC2148

Connection
IR Sensor
 Vcc – 5v
 Gnd – Ground
 Out – P1.24
LCD
 RS – P0.8
 RW – P0.9
 EN – P0.10
 Data Lines – P0.0 – P0.7
Source Code
If it is detecting any object i
3. LCDs (Liquid Crystal Displays) are used for displaying status or parameters in embedded systems.
LCD 16x2 is a 16-pin device which has 8 data pins (D0-D7) and 3 control pins (RS, RW, EN). The remainin
LCD.
The control pins help us configure the LCD in command mode or data mode. They also help configure read
write.
LCD 16x2 can be used in 4-bit mode or 8-bit mode depending on the requirement of the application. In orde
to the LCD in command mode and once the LCD is configured according to our need, we can send the requi
Interfacing Diagram
LCD Data pins D0-D7 are connected to pins P0.8-P0.15 of Port 0.
LCD control pins RS, RW and EN are connected to P0.4, P0.5 P0.6 respectively.
Building LCD custom character is basically the process of storing the 5x8 dot matrix pattern of the character
User can maintain up to 8 different characters in the CGRAM at 8 different locations.
4.
APPLICATION:
1. Offices.
2. Public Places
3. Restrooms at railway stations.
Advantages:
1. No need of human intervention.

2. Can work 24x7 without any problem.
3. Low cost and very easy to implement.
Disadvantages:
1. If there are multiple doors for the same room the project becomes quite complex.
2. IR sensor cannot detect if lots of people are entering at one time.
Future Scope:
1. Lights can be turned ON/OFF according to the number of people in the room.
2. We can check the ambient light intensity and then decide if the light needs to be turned ON or not.
3. Metal detector can be added for security reasons.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

This project titled “Microcontroller based Bidirectional Visitor counter” is designed

 LPC2148 Development Board

 High Performance 32-bit ARM7TDMI-S™ CPU

 Up to nine edge or level sensitive external interrupt pins

Working Principle of IR Obstacle Sensor

IR Sensor Interfacing with LPC2148

User can maintain up to 8 different characters in the CGRAM at 8 different locations.

1. No need of human intervention.

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