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The document describes a simulation that compares the bit error rate (BER) performance of different diversity schemes in a wireless communication system using BPSK modulation. It simulates a 1x1 system with no diversity, a 2x1 Alamouti coded system, and a 1x2 system with maximal ratio combining. The BER is measured over varying signal to noise ratios and compared to theoretical diversity performance.

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Estifanos Lisanework
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as TXT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
182 views

Mimo Code

The document describes a simulation that compares the bit error rate (BER) performance of different diversity schemes in a wireless communication system using BPSK modulation. It simulates a 1x1 system with no diversity, a 2x1 Alamouti coded system, and a 1x2 system with maximal ratio combining. The BER is measured over varying signal to noise ratios and compared to theoretical diversity performance.

Uploaded by

Estifanos Lisanework
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as TXT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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frmLen = 100; % frame length

numPackets = 1000; % number of packets


EbNo = 0:2:20; % Eb/No varying to 20 dB
N = 2; % maximum number of Tx antennas
M = 2; % maximum number of Rx antennas
% Create comm.BPSKModulator and comm.BPSKDemodulator System objects(TM)
P = 2; % modulation order
bpskMod = comm.BPSKModulator;
bpskDemod = comm.BPSKDemodulator('OutputDataType','double');

% Create comm.OSTBCEncoder and comm.OSTBCCombiner System objects


ostbcEnc = comm.OSTBCEncoder;
ostbcComb = comm.OSTBCCombiner;

% Create two comm.AWGNChannel System objects for one and two receive
% antennas respectively. Set the NoiseMethod property of the channel to
% 'Signal to noise ratio (Eb/No)' to specify the noise level using the
% energy per bit to noise power spectral density ratio (Eb/No). The output
% of the BPSK modulator generates unit power signals; set the SignalPower
% property to 1 Watt.
awgn1Rx = comm.AWGNChannel(...
'NoiseMethod', 'Signal to noise ratio (Eb/No)', ...
'SignalPower', 1);
awgn2Rx = clone(awgn1Rx);

% Create comm.ErrorRate calculator System objects to evaluate BER.


errorCalc1 = comm.ErrorRate;
errorCalc2 = comm.ErrorRate;
errorCalc3 = comm.ErrorRate;

% Since the comm.AWGNChannel System objects as well as the RANDI function


% use the default random stream, the following commands are executed so
% that the results will be repeatable, i.e., same results will be obtained
% for every run of the example. The default stream will be restored at the
% end of the example.
s = rng(55408);

% Pre-allocate variables for speed


H = zeros(frmLen, N, M);
ber_noDiver = zeros(3,length(EbNo));
ber_Alamouti = zeros(3,length(EbNo));
ber_MaxRatio = zeros(3,length(EbNo));
ber_thy2 = zeros(1,length(EbNo));

% Set up a figure for visualizing BER results


fig = figure;
grid on;
ax = fig.CurrentAxes;
hold(ax,'on');

ax.YScale = 'log';
xlim(ax,[EbNo(1), EbNo(end)]);
ylim(ax,[1e-4 1]);
xlabel(ax,'Eb/No (dB)');
ylabel(ax,'BER');
fig.NumberTitle = 'off';
fig.Renderer = 'zbuffer';
fig.Name = 'Transmit vs. Receive Diversity';
title(ax,'Transmit vs. Receive Diversity');
set(fig, 'DefaultLegendAutoUpdate', 'off');
fig.Position = figposition([15 50 25 30]);

% Loop over several EbNo points


for idx = 1:length(EbNo)
reset(errorCalc1);
reset(errorCalc2);
reset(errorCalc3);
% Set the EbNo property of the AWGNChannel System objects
awgn1Rx.EbNo = EbNo(idx);
awgn2Rx.EbNo = EbNo(idx);
% Loop over the number of packets
for packetIdx = 1:numPackets
% Generate data vector per frame
data = randi([0 P-1], frmLen, 1);

% Modulate data
modData = bpskMod(data);

% Alamouti Space-Time Block Encoder


encData = ostbcEnc(modData);

% Create the Rayleigh distributed channel response matrix


% for two transmit and two receive antennas
H(1:N:end, :, :) = (randn(frmLen/2, N, M) + ...
1i*randn(frmLen/2, N, M))/sqrt(2);
% assume held constant for 2 symbol periods
H(2:N:end, :, :) = H(1:N:end, :, :);

% Extract part of H to represent the 1x1, 2x1 and 1x2 channels


H11 = H(:,1,1);
H21 = H(:,:,1)/sqrt(2);
H12 = squeeze(H(:,1,:));

% Pass through the channels


chanOut11 = H11 .* modData;
chanOut21 = sum(H21.* encData, 2);
chanOut12 = H12 .* repmat(modData, 1, 2);

% Add AWGN
rxSig11 = awgn1Rx(chanOut11);
rxSig21 = awgn1Rx(chanOut21);
rxSig12 = awgn2Rx(chanOut12);

% Alamouti Space-Time Block Combiner


decData = ostbcComb(rxSig21, H21);

% ML Detector (minimum Euclidean distance)


demod11 = bpskDemod(rxSig11.*conj(H11));
demod21 = bpskDemod(decData);
demod12 = bpskDemod(sum(rxSig12.*conj(H12), 2));

% Calculate and update BER for current EbNo value


% for uncoded 1x1 system
ber_noDiver(:,idx) = errorCalc1(data, demod11);
% for Alamouti coded 2x1 system
ber_Alamouti(:,idx) = errorCalc2(data, demod21);
% for Maximal-ratio combined 1x2 system
ber_MaxRatio(:,idx) = errorCalc3(data, demod12);
end % end of FOR loop for numPackets

% Calculate theoretical second-order diversity BER for current EbNo


ber_thy2(idx) = berfading(EbNo(idx), 'psk', 2, 2);

% Plot results
semilogy(ax,EbNo(1:idx), ber_noDiver(1,1:idx), 'r*', ...
EbNo(1:idx), ber_Alamouti(1,1:idx), 'go', ...
EbNo(1:idx), ber_MaxRatio(1,1:idx), 'bs', ...
EbNo(1:idx), ber_thy2(1:idx), 'm');
legend(ax,'No Diversity (1Tx, 1Rx)', 'Alamouti (2Tx, 1Rx)',...
'Maximal-Ratio Combining (1Tx, 2Rx)', ...
'Theoretical 2nd-Order Diversity');

drawnow;
end % end of for loop for EbNo

% Perform curve fitting and replot the results


fitBER11 = berfit(EbNo, ber_noDiver(1,:));
fitBER21 = berfit(EbNo, ber_Alamouti(1,:));
fitBER12 = berfit(EbNo, ber_MaxRatio(1,:));
semilogy(ax,EbNo, fitBER11, 'r', EbNo, fitBER21, 'g', EbNo, fitBER12, 'b');
hold(ax,'off');

% Restore default stream


rng(s);

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