Contents

Particulars
I. Scheme of Examinations------------------------------------------------------------- 01
II. Scheme of Studies-------------------------------------------------------------------- 03
III. Courses for Study
1. English (Core)--------------------------------------------------------------------- 07
2. Hindi-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 12
3. Mathematics---------------------------------------------------------------------- 15
4. Human Ecology and Family Science----------------------------------------- 19
5. Computer Science---------------------------------------------------------------- 24
6. Economics------------------------------------------------------------------------- 26
7. History----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 30
8. Political Science------------------------------------------------------------------ 36
9. Geography------------------------------------------------------------------------ 40
10. Psychology------------------------------------------------------------------------ 45
11. Sociology-------------------------------------------------------------------------- 49
12. Physical Education--------------------------------------------------------------- 53
13. Public Administration----------------------------------------------------------- 58
14. Sanskrit (Elective)---------------------------------------------------------------- 60
15. Music------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 63
16. Dance------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 70
17. Physics----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 73
18. Chemistry------------------------------------------------------------------------- 79
19. Biology---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 87
20. Accountancy---------------------------------------------------------------------- 91
21. Business Studies----------------------------------------------------------------- 95
22. Urdu-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 100
23. Philosophy------------------------------------------------------------------------ 101
24. Fine Arts--------------------------------------------------------------------------- 103
25. French------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 125
26. Yoga--------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 127

IV. Vocational Courses (NSQF) (Elective)

27. Automobiles
28. Agriculture
29. Security
30. Retail
31. ITES
32. Health Care
33. Tourism
34. Telecom
35. Physical Education
36. BSFI (Banking, Finance Service & Insurance)
37. Media & Entertainment

v. 38. Financial Literacy (Elective)

Note:- The Syllabus of Subjects mention at S. No 27 - 37 & 38 will be provided by the State Project
Director (SPD) Rashtriya Madhyamik Shiksha Abhiyan (RMSA) Shimla-1 & National Stock
Exchange (NSE) New Delhi.
 SCHEME OF EXAMINATIONS

THE FOLLOWING IS THE SCHEME OF EXAMINATION FOR PLUS TWO

EXAMINATION:-

Sr. Subject Comp/Ele/Voc Prt/non prt THEORY PRACTICAL INA

No. MARKS MARKS
1. English Compulsory NP 85 - 15
Humanities Group
2. Hindi NP 85 - 15
3. Mathematics Common Sc. NP 85 - 15
Comm
4. Human Ecology Common Sc. Prt 60 25 15
and Family Comm
Science
5. (Anyone of the Following)
i) Computer Common Sc. Prt 60 25 15
Science Comm
ii) yoga Common Sc. Prt 60 25 15
Comm
iii) Phy. Education Common Sc. Prt 60 25 15
Comm
6. Geography Common Sc. Prt 60 25 15
Comm
7. Economics Common Sc. NP 85 - 15
Comm
8. History NP 85 - 15
9. Political Science NP 85 - 15
10. Psychology Prt 60 25 15
11. Sociology NP 85 - 15
12. Public NP 85 - 15
Administration
13. Sanskrit NP 85 - 15
14. Music (any one) Prt 25 60 15
i) Hindustani
Vocal
ii) Hindustani
Instru. Melodic
iii) Hindustani
Instru. Percussion

15. Dance (any one) Prt 25 60 15

i) Kathak
 ii) Bharat Natyam
16. Urdu NP 85 - 15
17. Philosophy NP 85 - 15
18. Fine Art Prt 25 60 15
19. French NP 85 - 15
Science Group
20. Physics Compulsory Prt 60 25 15
21. Chemistry Compulsory Prt 60 25 15
22. Biology Compulsory Prt 60 25 15
Commerce
Group
23. Accountancy Compulsory Prt 65 20 Proj. 15
work
24. Business Studies Compulory NP 85 - 15
Vocational
Subject Under
NSQF
25. ITES Vocational Prt 35 50 15
26. Automobiles Vocational Prt 35 50 15
27. Security Vocational Prt 35 50 15
28. Retail Vocational Prt 35 50 15
29. Healthcare Vocational Prt 35 50 15
30. Agriculture Vocational Prt 35 50 15
31. Tourism Vocational Prt 35 50 15
32. Telecom wef.2018 Vocational Prt 35 50 15
33. Phy. Education Vocational Prt 35 50 15
34. BFSI (Banking, Vocational Prt 35 50 15
Finance Service
and Insurance
w.e.f. 2019)
35. Media & Vocational Prt 35 50 15
Entertainment wef
2019
36. Financial Literacy NP 85 - 15

(2)
 Scheme of Studies
Compulsory for All Group
1. English (Core)
I. Humanities Group:
Elective Subjects (Combination of four subjects to be offered form the following)
1. Dance (Any one of the following Indian Classical Dances)
(a) Kathak
(b) Bharat Natyam
2. Economics (Common with Commerce Group)
3. Geography (Common with Science Group)
4. History
5. Human Ecology and Family Science (Common With Science Group)
6. Mathematics (Common with Science and Commerce Groups)
7. Modern Indian Language (Any one of the following)
(a) Hindi
(b) Urdu
8. Music (Any one of the following)
(a) Hindustani (Vocal)
(b) Hindustani (Instrumental Melodic)
(c) Hindustani (Instrumental Percussion)
9. Philosophy
10. Political Science
11. Psychology
12. Sanskrit
13. Sociology
14. Public Administration
15. Any one of the following:-
(a) Informatics Practices (Common with Science & Commerce Groups)
(b) Yoga (Common with Science & Commerce Groups)
(c) Physical Education (Common with Science & Commerce Groups)
Subjects under NVEQF
(d) Information Technology Enabled Services (Common with Science & Commerce
Groups) (Under Normal Track Level 4)
OR
Information Technology Enabled Services (Common with Science & Commerce
Groups) (Under Fast Track Level 3 & Level 4)
(e) Automobiles (Common With Science & Commerce Groups) (Under Normal Track
Level 4)

(3)
 OR
Automobiles (Common with Science & Commerce Groups) (Under Fast-Track
Level 3 & 4)

(f) Security (Common with Science & Commerce Groups) (Under normal Track Level
4)
OR
Security (Common with Science & Commerce Groups) (Under normal Track level
3 & 4)
(g) Retail (Common with Science & Commerce Groups)(Under Normal Track Level 4)
OR
Retail (Common with Science & Commerce Groups)(Under Fast Track Level 3& 4)
(h) Healthcare (Common with Science & Commerce Groups)(Under Normal Track
Level 4)
OR
Healthcare (Common with Science & Commerce Groups)(Under Fast Track Level
3&4)
(i) Financial Literacy-2018
(j) Agriculture-2018
(k) Tourism-2018
(l) Telecom (2019)
(m) Phy. Education-2020
(n) BFSI(Banking, Finance Service & Insurance)-2020
(o) Media & Entertainment-2020

16. Fine Arts

17. French

II. Science Group

Compulsory

1. Physics
2. Chemistry
3. Biology and or Mathematics (Mathematics common with Humanities and Commerce
Groups)

(4)
4. Any One OF The Following:
(i) Mathematics/Biology (Mathematics Common with Humanities & Commerce
Groups)
(ii) Home Science (Common with Humanities Group)
(iii) Geography (Common with Humanities Group)
(iv) Any one of the following:-
(a) Informatics Practices (Common with Science, Humanities & Commerce
Groups)
(b) Yoga (Common with Science, Humanities & Commerce Groups)
(c) Physical Education (Common with Science, Humanities & Commerce
Groups)
(v) All other subjects mentioned as Electives under the humanities Group.

Subjects under NVEQF

(d) Information Technology Enabled Services (Common with Science &
Commerce Group) (Under Normal Track Level 4)
OR
Information Technology Enabled Services (Common with Science &
Commerce Group) (Under Fast Track Level 3 & Level 4)
(e) Automobiles (Common With Science & Commerce Groups)(Under
Normal Track Level 4)
OR
Automobiles (Common With Science & Commerce Groups)(Under
Fast Track Level 3 & 4)
(f) Security (Common With Science & Commerce Groups)(Under Normal
Track Level 4)
OR
Security (Common With Science & Commerce Groups)(Under Fast
Track Level 3 &4)
(g) Retail (Common With Science & Commerce Groups)(Under Normal
Track Level 4)
OR
Retail (Common With Science & Commerce Groups)(Under Fast
Track Level 3 &4)
(h) Healthcare (Common With Science & Commerce Groups)(Under Normal
Track Level 4)
OR

(5)
 Healthcare (Common With Science & Commerce Groups)(Under Fast
Track Level 3 & 4)
(i) financialLitracy-2018
(j) Agriculture-2018
(k) Tourism-2018
(l) Telecom (2019)
(m) Phy. Education-2020
(n) BSFI (Banking, Finance Service & Insurance)-2020
(o) Media & Entertainment-2020

III. Commerce Group

Compulsory

1. Accountancy
2. Business Studies
3. Economics and or Mathematics (Economics Common with Humanities Group and
mathematics common with Humanities and Science Groups).
4. Any one of the Following:-

All Subjects mentioned as Electives under the Humanities Group

NOTE: The subjects mentioned at serial number 15 (d), (e), (f), (g), and (h) under Humanities
and 4(iv) (d),(e), (f), (g) and (h)) under Science Groups have been incorporated under the
NVEQF. The Candidates opting for one of these subjects should ensure that they have studied
and passed the said subject in the level III in 11 th Class if they are seeking admission under
normal mode prescribed for these subjects.

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 1.ENGLISH CORE
BACKGROUND

Students are expected to have acquired a reasonable degree of language proficiency in

English by the time they come to class XII, and the course will aim, essentially, at promoting the
higher-order language skills.

For a large number of students, the senior secondary stage will be a preparation for the
university, where a fairly high degree of proficiency in English may be required. But for another
large group, the senior secondary stage may be a preparation for entry into the world of work.
The Core Courses should cater to both groups by promoting the language skills required for
academic study as well as the language skills required for the workplace.

OBJECTIVE

The general objective at this stage are :

- to listen to and comprehend live as well as recorded oral presentations on a variety of

topics.
- to develop greater confidence and proficiency in the use of language skills necessary for
social and academic purposes.
- to participate in group discussion/interviews, making short oral presentation of given
topics.
- to perceive the overall meaning and organization of the text (i.e., the relationships of
the different ‘’chunks’’ in the text to the each other).
- to identify the central/main point and supporting details etc.
- to build communicative competence in various registers of English.
- to promote advance language skills with an aim to develop the skills of reasoning,
drawing inferences etc. through meaningful activities.
- to develop ability and knowledge required in order to engage in independent reflection
and enquiry.
- to develop the capacity to appreciate literary use of English and also use English
creatively and imaginatively.

At the end of this stage learners will be able to do the following :

- read and comprehend extended texts (prescribed and non-prescribed) in the following
genres : fiction, science fiction, drama, poetry, biography, autobiography, travel and
sports literature, etc.

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 - text-based writing (i.e., writing in response to questions or tasks based on prescribed or
unseen texts)
- understand and respond to lectures, speeches, etc.
- write expository/argumentative essays of 250-500 words, explaining or developing a
topic, arguing a case, etc.
- write formal/informal letters and applications for different purposes.
- write items related to the workplace (minutes, memoranda, notices, summaries,
reports; filling up of forms, preparing CVs, e-mail messages etc.)
- taking/making notes from reference materials, recorded talks etc.

LANGUAGE ITEMS

The Core Course should draw upon the language items suggested for classes IX-X and
develop deeper into their usage and functions. Particular attention may, however, be given to
the following areas of grammar:

- The uses of different tense forms for different kinds of narration (e.g. media, commentaries,
reports, programmer, etc)
- The use of passive forms in scientific and innovative writings.
- Converting one kind of sentence/clause into a different kind of structure of well as other items
to exemplify stylistic variations in different discourses
- Modal auxiliaries – used based on semantic considerations.

METHODS AND TECHNIQUES

The techniques used for teaching should promote habits of self-learning and reduce
dependence on the teacher. In general, we recommend a multi-skill, learner-centred, activity based
approach, of which there can be many variations. The core classroom activity is likely to be that of silent
reading of prescribed/selected texts for comprehension, which can lead to other forms of language
learning activities such as role play, dramatization, group discussion, writing, etc. although many such
activities could be carried out without the preliminary use of textual material. It is important that
students be trained to read independently and intelligently, interacting actively with texts, with the use
of reference materials (dictionaries, thesauruses, etc.) where necessary. Some pre-reading activity will
generally be required, and the course books should suggest suitable activities, leaving teachers free to
devise other activities when desired. So also, the reading of texts should be followed by post reading
activities. It is important to remember that every text can generate different readings. Students should
be encouraged to interpret texts in different ways.

Group and pair activities can be resorted to when desired, but many useful language activities
can be carried out individually.

In general, teachers should encourage students to interact actively with texts and with each
other. Oral activity (group discussion, etc.) should be encouraged.

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One Paper Time : 3 Hours Marks : 85

UNIT-WISE WEIGHTAGE

Unit/Areas of Learning Marks

Section A

A. Reading Skills 17
Reading unseen prose passages and note making

Section B

B. Advanced writing skills 29

Section C

i. English Reader 26
ii. Supplementary Reader 13

SECTION - A

READING UNSEEN PASSAGES AND NOTE MAKING

17 Marks

The total length of the two passages will be between 950-1200 words. The passages will include
two of the following :

(a) Factual Passages e.g. instructions, descriptions, reports.

(b) Discursive Passage involving opinion e.g. argumentative, persuasive or interpretative text.
(c) Literary Passage e.g. extract from fiction, drama, Poetry, essay or biography.

SUMMARY

Unseen No. of Testing Areas Marks Allotted

Passages Words
1. 600-700 1. MCQ 04
2. Short answer type questions
To test local, global and 07 10
Inferential comprehension,
3. Vocabulary 03
2. 350-500 Note-making in an 04
appropriate Format 07
Abstraction 03

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 A passage of about 600-700 words carrying 10 marks and another passage of about 350-500
words carrying 07 marks.

1. A passage to test reading comprehension. The passage can be literary factual or discursive. The
length of the passage should be between 600-700 words. 10 Marks
2. A shorter passage of 350-500 words for note-making and abstraction. 07 Marks

SECTION - B

Advanced writing Skills 29 Marks

3. One out of two short compositions of not more than 50 words each e.g. 05
advertisement and notices, designing or drafting posters, writing formal
and informal invitations and replies.
4. A report or a factual description based on verbal input provided
(one out of two) (100-125 words) 08
5. Writing one out of two letters based on verbal 08
input.
Letter types include :
(a) business or official letters (for making enquiries, registering complaints,
asking for and giving information, placing orders and sending replies);
(b) letters to the editor (giving suggestions on an issue)
(c) application for a job
6. One out of two compositions based on visual or verbal inputs (150-200 08
words). Output may be descriptive or argumentative in nature such as an
article, or a speech.

SECTION - C

Text Books 39 Marks

Prescribed Books :
English reader 26
7. One out of two extracts based on poetry from the text to test 04
Comprehension and appreciation
8. Three out of four short questions from the poetry sections to test local 06
and global comprehension of text.
9. Four short answer question based on the lessons from prescribed 08
text. (2X4)
10. One out of two long answer type questions based on the text to 08
test global comprehension and extrapolation beyond the set text.
(Expected w word limit about 125-150 words each)

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Supplementary Reader 13

11. One out of two long answer type question based on supplementary 05
Reader to test comprehension and extrapolation of theme, character
and incidents (Expected word limit about 125-150 words)
12. Four short answer question from the Supplementary Reader (2X4) 08

Prescribe Books :

1. Flemingo - Published by H.P. Board of School Education,

Dharamshala.
2. Vistas - Published by H.P. Board of School Education,
Dharamshala.

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 2-fgUnh ¼,sfPNd½
mPprj ek/;fed Lrj esa izos”k ysus okyk fo|kFkhZ igys ckj lkekU; f”k{kk ls fo”ks’k vuq”kklu
dh f”k{kk dh vksj mUeq[k gksrk gSA nl o’kkZsa esa fo|kFkhZ Hkk’kk ds dkS”kyksa ls ifjfpr gks tkrk gSA Hkk’kk
vkSj lkfgR; ds Lrj ij mldk nk;jk vc ?kj, vkl&iM+ksl] Ldwy] izkar vkSj ns”k ls gksrk gqvk /khjs&/khjs
fo”o rd QSy tkrk gSA og bl mez esa igq¡p pwdk gS fd ns”k dh lkaLd`frd] lkekftd] jktuhfrd
vkSj vkfFkZd leL;kvksa ij fopkj&foe”kZ dj lds] ,d ft+Eesnkj ukxfjd dh rjg viuh ft+Eesnkfj;ksa
dks le> lds rFkk ns”k vkSj [kqn dks lgh fn”kk ns ldus esa Hkk’kk dh rkdr dks igpku ldsA ,ssls n`<+
Hkkf’kd vkSj oSpkfjd vk/kkj ds lkFk tc fo|kFkhZ vkrk gS rks mls foe”kZ dh Hkk’kk ds :Ik esa fganh dh
O;kid le> vkSj iz;ksx esa n{k cukuk lcls igyk mÌs”; gksxkA fd”kksjkoLFkk ls ;qokoLFkk ds bl
uktqd eksM+ ij fdlh Hkh fo’k; dk pquko djrs le; cPps vkSj muds vfHkHkkod bl ckr dks ysdj
lcls vf/kd fpafrr jgrs gSa fd p;fur fo’k; muds Hkkoh dSfj;j vkSj thfodk ds voljksa esa enn
djsxk fd ughaA bl mez ds fo|kfFkZ;ksa esa fparu vkSj fu.kZ; djus dh izo `fRr Hkh izcy gksrh gS blh
vk/kkj ij os vius ekufld] lekftd] ckSf)d vkSj Hkkf’kd fodkl ds izfr lpsr gksrs gS vkSj vius Hkkoh
v/;;u dh fn”kk r; djrs gSa nl Lrj ij ,sfPNd fganh dk v/;;u ,d l`tukRed] lkfgfR;d]
lkaLd`frd vkSj fofHkUu iz;qfDr;ksa dh Hkk’kk ds :i esa gksxkA bl ckr ij Hkh cy fn;k tk,xk fd fuajrj
fodflr gksrh fganh ds vf[ky Hkkjrh; Lo:Ik ls cPps dk fj”rk cu ldsA

bl Lrj ij fo|kkfFkZ;ksa esa Hkk’kk ds fyf[kr iz;ksx ds lkFk&lkFk mlds ekSf[kd iz;ksx dh
dq”kyrk vkSj n{krk dk fodkl Hkh t:jh gSA iz;kl ;g Hkh gksxk fd fo|kFkhZ vius fc[kjs gq, fopkjksa
vkSj Hkkoksa dh lgt vkSj ekSfyd vfHkO;fDr dh {kerk gkfly dj ldsA

bl ikB~;dze ds v/;;u ls ¼1½ fo|kkFkhZ viuh :fp vkSj vko”;drk ds vuq:Ik lkfgR; dk
xgu vkSj fo”ks’k v/;;u tkjh j[k ldsaxsA ¼2½ fo”ofo|ky; Lrj ij fu/kkZfjr fganh lkfgR; ls lacf/kr
ikB~;dze ds lkFk lgt laca/k LFkkfir dj ldsaxsA ¼3½ ys[ku dkS”ky ds O;kogkfjd vkSj l`tukRed
:iksa dh vfHkO;fDr esa l{ke gks ldsaxsA ¼4½ jkstxkj ds fdlh Hkh {ks= esa tkus ij Hkk’kk dk iz;ksx izHkkoh
<ax ls dj ldsaxsA vkSj ¼5½ ;g ikB~;dze fo|kFkhZ dks lapkj rFkk izdk”ku tSls fofHkUu {ks=ksa esa viuh
{kerk vktekus ds volj iznku dj ldrk gSA

mn~ns”;
 Lk`tukRed lkfgR; dh ljkguk] mldk vkuan mBkuk vkSj mlds izfr l`tukRed vkSj vkykspukRed
n`f’V dk fodklA
 lkfgR; dh fofo/k fo/kkvksa ¼dfork] dgkuh] fuca/k vkfn½ egRoiw.kZ dfo;ksa vkSj jpukdkjksa] izeq[k
/kkjkvksa vkSj “kSfy;ksa dk ifjp; djkukA
 Hkk’kk dh l`tukRed ckjhfd;ksa vkSj O;kogkfjd iz;ksx dk cks/k rFkk mldk lanHkZ vkSj le;ds
vuqlkj izHkko”kkyh <ax ls ekSf[kd vkSj fyf[kr vfHkO;fDr dj ldukA
 fofHkUu Kkukuq”kkluksa ds foe”kZ dh Hkk’kk ds :Ik esa fganh dh fof”k’V izd`fr ,oa {kerk dk cks/k
djkukA
 lkfgR; dh izHkkodkjh {kerk dk mi;ksx djrs gq, lHkh izdkj dh fofo/krkvksa ¼/keZ] tkfr] fyax] oxZ]
Hkk’kk vkfn½ ,oa varjksa ds izfr ldkjkRed vkSj laosnu”khy joS;s dk fodkl djkukA
 ns”k&fons”k esa izpfyr fganh ds :iksa ls ifjfpr djkukA

(12)
 lapkj&ek/;eksa ¼fizaV vkSj bysDVªkWfud½ esa iz;qDr fganh dh izd`fr ls voxr djkuk vkSj uohu fof/k;ksa
ds iz;ksx dh {kerk dk fodkl djukA
 lkfgR; dh O;kid /kkjk ds chp j[kdj jpukvksa dk fo”ys’k.k vkSj foospu djus dh {kerk gkfly
djukA
 foijhr ifjfLFkr;ksa esa Hkh Hkk’kk dk bLrseky “kkafr ds lkFk djukA
 vewrZ fo’k;ksa ij iz;qDr Hkk’kk dk fodkl rFkk dYiuk”khyrk vkSj ekSfyd fparu ds fy, iz;ksx
djukA

ikB~;lkexzh vkSj ikB~; fcanq

1) dkO; vkSj x| laxzg vUrjk Hkkx&2 esa izeq[k jpukdkjksa }kjk fyf[kr fofo/k fo/kkvksa ls lac) dkO;
vkSj x| ¼yxHkx 20 ikB½ jpuk,¡ gksaxhA ;s jpuk,¡ jpukdkjksa vkSj fo/kkvksa dh fofHkUu “kSfy;ksa ls
fo|kFkhZ dks ifjfpr djk,¡xhA jpukvksa esa ys[kd&ifjp; esa mudh lkfgfR;d i`’BHkwfe] lkfgfR;d
izo`fRr la{ksi esa nh tk ldrh gSA iz”u&vH;klksa esa ,sls iz”u gksaxs tks fo|kFkhZ dh l`tukRedrk vkSj
ekSfydrk dk fodkl dj ldsA jpukvksa dh izLrqfr bl izdkj gksxh fd fo|kFkhZ esa lkfgR; ds
fodklkRed Lo:Ik gh le> cu ldsA
2) ,sfPNd ikB~;dze ds fy, iwjd iBu dk izko/kku&lkfgR; dh fofo/k fo/kkvksa dh jpukvksa dk ,d
ladyu ¼vUrjky Hkkx&2½
3) jpukRed vkSj O;kogkfjd ys[ku ij vk/kkfjr ,d iqLrd ¼d{kk XI vkSj d{kk XII nksuksa ds fy,½
vfHkO;fDr vkSj ek/;eA bl iqLrd esa fuEu fo’k; lfEefyr gksaxsA
l`tukRed ys[ku&dfork] ukVd] Mk;jh] dgkuh
lwpuk ra= ds fy, ys[ku
¼d½ fizaVek/;e ¼lekpkj i= vkSj if=dk½
o`Rr ys[ku] iqLrd&leh{kk] lk{kkRdkj] lekftd fo’k;ksa ij ys[ku
¼[k½ bysDVªkWfud ek/;e
jsfM;ks&nwjn”kZu ds fy, ys[ku] lekpkj ys[ku
O;kogkfjd ys[ku& izfrosnu] dk;Zlwph] dk;Zo`Rr

¼d½ vifBr cks/k ¼ x|ka”k vkSj dkO;ka”k cks/k½ ¼8+8½ 16

¼[k½ jpukRed rFkk O;kogkfjd ys[ku 18
¼x½ varjk] Hkkx&2 ¼dkO; Hkkx½ 18
¼x|&Hkkx½ 17
Ikwjd iqLrd] ¼Hkkx&2½ 16
85

d- vifBr cks/k % ¼x|ka”k vkSj dkO;ka”k cks/k½ 16

1. x|ka”k cks/k % x|ka”k ij vk/kkfjr ik¡p ogqfodYih iz”u rFkk nks
y?kqRrjkRed iz”u rFkk “kh’kZd dk pquko ¼1+1+1+1+1+1½+1½+½ 08
2. dkO;ka”k cks/k % dkO;ka”k ij vk/kkfjr ik¡p ogqfodYih iz”u rFkk
y?kwRrjkRed iz”u ¼1+1+1+1+1+1½+1½+½ 08

(13)
[k- jpukRed RkFkk O;kogkfjd ys[ku % 18
l`tukRed ys[ku ls lacaf/kr nks iz”u
3. fuca/k 05
4. i= 05
5 o 6- O;kogkfjd ys[ku ij nks iz”u ¼4+4½ 08

x- varjk] Hkkx&2 ¼18+17 vad½ 35

dkO; Hkkx % 18
7. lizlax O;k[;k ¼nks esa ls ,d½ 03
8. dfork ds dF; ij rhu iz”u ¼2+2+2½ 06
9. dfork ds dkO;&lkSan;Z ij ,d iz”u 04
10. fdlh ,d dfo dk ifjp;& 05
 thou ifjp; 02
 jpuk&ifjp; 02
 dkO;&f”kYi dh fo”ks’krk 01

x| Hkkx % 17
11. lizlax O;k[;k ¼rhu esa ls nks½ ¼4+4½ 08
12. ikBksa dh fo’k; oLrq ij pkj esa ls rhu iz”u ¼1½+1½+1½) 4½
13. fn, x, nks ys[kdksa esa ls fdlh ,d dk ifjp; ¼1½+1½+1½) 4½
¼thou&ifjp;] jpuk&ifjp;] Hkk’kk&f”kYi dh fo”ks’krk,¡½

iwjd iqLrd% ¼Hkkx&2½ 16

14. fo’k; oLrq ij vk/kkfjr ¼rhu esa ls nks iz”u½ ¼4+4½ 08
15. fofo/k fo/kkvksa ij vk/kkfjr nks cks/kkRed iz”u ¼4+4½ 08
fu/kkZfjr iqLrdsa %& ¼1½ varjk Hkkx&2 ¼ikB~; iqLrd½ ¼fg-iz- Ldwy f”k{kk cksMZ }kjk izdkf”kr½
¼2½ iwjd iqLrd Hkkx&2 ¼fg-iz- Ldwy f”k{kk cksMZ }kjk izdkf”kr½
¼fofo/k fo/kkvksa dk ladyu½
¼3½ vfHkO;fDr vkSj ek/;e ¼fg-iz- Ldwy f”k{kk cksMZ }kjk izdkf”kr½

(14)
 3.MATHEMATICS

The syllabus in the subject of Mathematics has undergone changes from time to time in
accordance with growth of the subject and emerging needs of society. Senior secondary stage is
a launching stage from where the students go either for higher academic education in
Mathematics or for professional courses like engineering, physical and Bioscience, commerce or
computer applications. The present revised syllabus has been designed in accordance with
National curriculum Frame Work 2005 and as per guidelines given in Focus Group on teaching
of Mathematics 2005 and which is to meet the emerging needs of all categories of students.
Motivating the topics from real life situations and other subject areas, greater emphasis has
been laid on application of various concepts.

OBJECTIVES

The board objectives of teaching Mathematics at senior school stage intend to help the
pupil:

 To acquire knowledge and critical understanding particularly by way of motivation of

visualization of basic facts, concepts, terms, principles and symbols and mastery of
underlying processes and skills.
 To feel the flow of reasons while proving a result or solving a problem.
 To apply the knowledge and skills acquired to solve problems and wherever possible, by
more than one method.
 To develop positive attitude to think, analyze and articulate logically.
 To develop interest in the subject by participating in related competitions.
 To acquaint students with different aspects of mathematics used in daily life.
 To develop an interest in students to study mathematics as a discipline.
 To develop awareness of the need for national integration, protection of environment
observance of small family norms, removal of social barriers, elimination of sex biases.
 To develop reverence and respect towards great Mathematicians for their contribution
to the field of Mathematics.

(15)
ONE PAPER THREE HOURS M.M. 85

Units Marks

I. RELATIONS AND FUNCTIONS 9

II. ALGEBRA 11
III. CALCULUS 38
IV. VECTORS AND THREE-DIMENSION GEOMETRY 13
V. LINEAR PROGRAMMING 6
VI. PROBABILITY 8
TOTAL 85

UNIT I. RELATIONS AND FUNCTIONS

1. Relations and Functions: (4) Marks

Types of relations: reflexive, symmetric, transitive and equivalence relations. One to one
and onto functions, composite functions, inverse of a function. Binary operations.
2. Inverse Trigonometric Functions: (1+4) Marks
Definition, range, domain, principal value branches. Graphs of inverse trigonometric
functions. Elementary properties of inverse trigonometric functions.

UNIT II. ALGEBRA (1+4(c)+6=11) Marks

1. Matrices:
Concept, notation, order, equality, types of matrices, zero matrix, transpose of a matrix,
symmetric and skew symmetric matrices. Addition, multiplication and scalar
multiplication of matrices, simple properties of addition, multiplication and scalar
multiplication. Non-commutatively of multiplication of matrices and existence of non-
zero matrices whose product is the zero matrix (restrict to square matrices of order 2).
Concept of elementary row and column operations. Invertible matrices and proof of the
uniqueness of inverse, if it exists; (Here all matrices will have real entries).
2. Determinants:
Determinant of a square matrix (up to 3 X 3 matrices), properties of determinants,
minors, cofactors and applications of determinants in finding the area of a triangle.
Adjoint and inverse of a square matrix. Consistency, inconsistency and number of linear
equations by examples, solving system of linear equations in two or three variables
(having unique solution) using inverse of a matrix.

(16)
UNIT III. CALCULUS 38 Marks

1. Continuity and Differentiability: (1+3+4) Marks

Continuity and differentiability, derivative of composite functions, chain rule. derivatives
of inverse trigonometric functions., derivative of implicit function. Concept of
exponential and logarithmic functions and their derivative. Logarithmic differentiation.
Derivative of functions expressed in parametric forms. Second order derivatives Rolle’s
and Lagrange’s Mean Value Theorems (without proof) and their geometric
interpretations.
2. Applications of derivatives: Rate of change, increasing/decreasing functions, tangents &
normals, approximation, maxima and minima (first derivative test motivated
geometrically and second derivative test given as a probable tool). Simple problems
(that illustrate basic principles and understanding of the subject as well as real-life
situations). ( 1+3+6(c)) Marks

3. Integrals: (1+4(c)+4) Marks

Integration as inverse process of differentiation. Integration of variety of functions by
substitution, by partial fractions and by parts only simple integrals of the type.
∫ , ∫ , ∫ , ∫√ , ∫√ ,
± ± √

∫ ,∫ , ∫ ± and √ −
√
to be evaluated.
Definite integrals as a limit of a sum, Fundamental Theorem of Calculus (without proof).
Basic properties of definite integrals and evaluation of definite integrals.

4. Applications of the Integrals: (6(c)) Marks

Applications in finding the area under simple curves, especially lines, areas of
circles/parabolas/ellipses (ij standard form only). Area between the two above said
curves (the region should be clearly identifiable).

5. Differential Equation: (1+4(c)) Marks

Definition, order and degree, general and particular solutions of differential equation,
Formation of differential, equation whose general solution is given, Solution of
differential equations by method of separation of variables, homogenous differential
equations of first order and first degree. Solutions of linear differential equation of the
type: + ( ) = ( ), where p(x) and q(x) are functions of x.

(17)
UNIT IV. VECTORS AND THREE-DIMENSIONAL GEOMETRY 13 Marks

1. Vectors: (1+1+4) Marks

Vectors and scalars, magnitude and direction of a vector. Direction consines/ratios of
vectors. Types of vectors (equal, unit, zero, parallel and collinear vectors). Position
vector of a point, negative of a vector, component of a vector, addition of vectors,
multiplication of a vector by a scalar, position vector of a point dividing a line segment in
a given ratio. Scalar (dot) product of vectors, projection of a vector on a line. Vector
(cross) product of vectors.
2. Three – Dimensional geometry: (1+6(c)) Marks
Direction cosines/ratios of a line joining two points. Cartesian and vector equation of a
line, coplanar and skew lines, shortest distance between two lines. Cartesian and vector
equation of plane. Angle between (i) two lines, (ii) two planes. (iii) a line and a plane.
Distance of a point from a plane.

UNIT V. LINEAR PROGRAMMING

1. Linear Programming: (6) Marks

Introduction, definition of related terminology such as constraints, objective function,
optimization, different types of linear programming (L.P.) problems, mathematical
formulation of L.P. problems, graphical method of solution for problems in two
variables, feasible and infeasible regions, feasible and infeasible solutions, optional
feasible solutions (up to three non-trivial constraints).

UNIT VI. PROBABILITY

1. Probability: (1+3+4) Marks

Multiplication theorem on probability. Conditional probability, independent events,
total probability, Baye’s theorem, Random variable and its probability distribution,
mean and variance of haphazard variable. Repeated independent (Bernoulli) trials and
Binomial distribution.

PRESCRIBED BOOKS:

1. Mathematics Part-I published by H.P. Board of school Education Dharamshala.

2. Mathematics Part-II published by H.P. Board of school Education Dharamshala.

(18)
 4.HUMAN ECOLOGY AND FAMILY SCIENCE
OBJECTIVES

The Human Ecology and Family Sciences (HEFS) Curriculum has been framed to enable
the learners to:

1. Develop an understanding of the self in relation to family and society.

2. Understand one’s role and responsibilities as a productive individual and as a member
of one’s family, community and society.
3. Integrate learning across diverse domains and form linkages with other academic
subjects.
4. Develop sensitivity and undertake a critical analysis of issues and concerns of equity and
diversity.
5. Appreciate the discipline of HEFS for professional careers.

THEORY

One paper (Theory) Time : 3 Hours 60 Marks

UNIT MARKS

I. Work, livelihood and career; Preparation, choices and selection 17

II. Career Opportunities 03
(A) Nutrition, Food Science and Technology 08
(B) Human Development and Family Studies 08
(C) Fabric and Apparel 08
(D) Resource and Management 08
(E) Communication and Extension 08
Total 60

UNIT I: Work, livelihood and career; Preparation, choices and selection

- Work, age and gender

- Occupational heritage of India
- Career options
- Entrepreneurship and self-employment
- Life skills for career building

(19)
UNIT II: Career Opportunities
Scope of Human Ecology and Family Science in higher education and careers Major concepts,
relevance and skills in the following areas;
A. Nutrition, Food Science and Technology
Specific Careers and Areas
 Clinical nutrition and dietetics
 Public nutrition and health
 Catering and food services management
 Food processing and technology
 Food quality and food safety
B. Human Development and Family Studies
Specific Careers and Areas
 Early childhood care and education
 Guidance and counseling
 Special education and support services
 Support services for children in difficult circumstances
 Management of institutions and programs for children, youth and elderly
C. Fabric and Apparel
Specific Careers and Areas
 Care and maintenance of fabrics in institutions
 Design for fabric and apparel
 Retailing and merchandising
 Production and quality control in garment industry
 Museumology and textile consevation
D. Resource Management
Specific Careers and Areas
 Human Resource Management
 Hospitality management
 Designing of interior and exterior space
 Event management
 Consumer services
E. Communication and Extension
Specific Careers and Areas
 Management of development programs
 Development communication and journalism
 Media management and advocacy
 Media design and production
 Corporate communication and public relations

(20)
Practical
Time: 3 Hours 60 Marks

I. Nutrition, Food Science and Technology 08

II. Human Development and Family Studies 02
III. Fabric and Apparel 02
IV. Resource Management 03
V. Extension and Communication 02
Projects 03
Record 03
Viva 02
Total 25

Specializations in HEFS

Nutrition, Food Science and Technology

1. Qualitative tests on food adulterations

2. Development and preparation of supplementary foods for nutrition programmes.
3. Planning messages for nutrition, health and life skills using different modes of
communication for different focal groups.
4. Preservation of foods using traditional and /or contemporary methods.
5. Packaging and study of shelf life of the prepared products.

Human Development and Family Studies

6. Preparation and use of teaching aids, using indigenous and locally available material to
communicate socially relevant messages for children adolescents and adults in the
community.
7. Conducting mock sessions among peers in career guidance, nutrition counseling and
personal counseling under supervision.

Fabric and Apparel

8. Preparation of articles using applied textile design techniques: tie and dye/batik/block
printing.
9. Application of quality control techniques in garment industry:
a) Fabric inspection
b) Quality of seams and notions
c) Size labels
d) Packaging

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10. Care and maintenance of fabric products:
a) Mending
b) Cleaning
c) Storage

Resource Management

11. Open and account in bank/ post office. Learn basic banking operations (Mock exercises
in the lab with real bank forms)
12. Application of traditional/contemporary techniques of home decorations:
a) Floor and wall decorations
b) Flower arrangement
c) Other forms of local decorations

Extension and Communication

13. Analysis and discussion of print, radio, and electronic media with reference to: focus,
presentation, technology and cost
14. Communicating with groups on any one of the following themes.
a) Social message-gender equality, AIDs, female foeticide, child labour, rights abuse
and other such themes)
b) Scientific fact/ discovery
c) Any significant incident/event

Projects

Anyone of the following may be undertaken and evaluated:

1a) Analysis of traditional occupations prevalent in one’s own local area, their beginnings,
present status and challenges faced.
b) Analysis of gender roles, entrepreneurial opportunities, and future careers and family
participation.
2. Documentation of any public/mass campaign being implemented in own area, with
reference to:
a) Purpose of campaign
b) Focal group
c) Modalities of implementation
d) Stakeholders involved
e) Media and methods used
Comment on the relevance of the campaign

(22)
3. Study of an integrated community-based programme being implemented in own area,
with reference to:
a) Programme objectives
b) Focal group
c) Modalities of implementation
d) Stakeholders involved
4. Visit to the neighboring areas and interviews two adolescents and two adults regarding
their perception of persons with special needs.
5. Profile any one person with special needs, child or adult: to find out their diet, clothing,
activities, physical and psychological needs
6. Observe and document any event in your school/ home or neighbourhood. Evaluate the
same with respect to:
a) Its relevance
b) Resource availability and mobilization
c) Planning and execution of the event
d) Financial Implications
e) Feedback from stakeholders

Suggest modifications for the future.

Viva
Record

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 5-Computer Science

UNIT - I
Network Operating System
Basic network concepts, Overview and History of Linux, Linux Kernel, Linux
Resources, Advantages of Linux, Creating and Viewing Files, Basic shell
concept, shell commands, I/O redirection, pipelines, vi editor, Linux File
System, manage files using shell, Cyber Laws.

Unit II
Network Operating System Administration (Configuration & Maintenance)
Hardware and Network Operating System Maintenance, Network Security and
IT Career opportunities, Window NT & it’s advantages, Difference between
Linux and Windows NT, Linux firewall and it’s types, Managing Storage
Devices Understanding basic disk concepts and manage system disks, logical
volume concepts and managing logical columns, manage file system attributes
and swap space, Mount point view, Introduction to shell Scripting.
Administering User Accounts using GUI tool and Command Line.

Unit III
Desktop Publishing (Advanced)
Introduction to CorelDraw, Various components of CorelDraw window, Tools in
CorelDraw, Creating Graphics & saving files, Importing images of various
graphic formats and editing them, Designing logos, Greeting Cards etc. Hands
on with CorelDraw.

Unit IV
Elementary Server side Scripting through PHP
Dreamweaver, XHTML, Difference between XHTML and HTML, Fundamentals
of PHP, it’s advantages, Variables, Data Types, Operators, scope of variable,
Control Program Flow (Decision statement and Looping statements), arrays,
functions, working with applications submitting forms, get/post methods,.
Date/time session variables.

Unit V
RDBMS Concepts and MYSQL
Basic of database systems, Problems in Traditional file oriented approach,
Three level architecture of DBMS, Roles of DBA, Data Dictionary, Advantages
and Disadvantages of RDBMS, Constraints: Domain level constraints,
Referential Constraints, SQL Statements: DDL Statements, DML Statements,
DCL Statements, TCL Statements, Concept of Keys, Constraints on Attributes,
SQL Functions.
Unit VI
PL/SQL
PL/SQL block structure, Basics of PL/SQL, Controlling PL/SQL Flow for
Execution, If statements, IF-THEN-ELSE statement Execution Flow, IF-THEN-
ELSEIF statement Execution Flow, LOOP Statement, Basic Loop, For Loop,
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While Loop.
Triggers, Types of Triggers: Row-Level Triggers, Statement Level Triggers,
BEFORE and AFTER Triggers.
Cursor, Types of Cursor: Implicit and Explicit Cursor.

Unit VII
Internet Business Applications
Concept of on line service-E-Commerce Practice, Net Banking, Online
submission of various application forms, Various kinds of online reservations
such as railways, Hotels etc., Online, Customer support services, online
marketing & shopping, Social Networking viz, Facebook etc.

Unit VIII
Project Work
DISTRIBUTION OF TIME/PERIODS
Module Code Name of Unit Theory Practical Total
Hours Hours Hours

CS – 401 Network Operating system 10 10 20

CS – 402 Network Operating system Administration 10 14 24

CS – 403 Desktop Publishing (Advanced) 12 16 28

CS – 404 Elementary Server side Scripting Though PHP 14 30 44

CS – 405 RDBMS Concepts & MySQL 12 18 30

CS – 406 PL/SQL 14 20 34

CS – 407 Internet Business Applications 12 16 28

CS – 408 On-Job Training/Project Work 0 16 16

Total 84 140 224

DISTRIBUTION OF MARKS

Unit Theory Practical INA Total

I 07 - - 07
II 07 02 - 09

III 07 02 - 09
IV 12 06 - 18

V 10 05 - 15
VI 07 02 - 09

VII 10 - - 10
VIII(Project work) - 04 - 04

Viva Voce - 04 - 04
INA - - 15 15

TOTAL 60 25 15 100

(25)
 6.ECONOMICS
Rationale

Economics is one of the social sciences, which has great influence on every human
being. As economic life and the economic go through change, the need to ground education in
children's own experience becomes essential. While doing so, it is imperative to provide them
opportunities to acquire analytical skills to observe the understand the economic realities.

At senior secondary stage, the learners are in a position to understand abstract ideas,
exercise the power of thinking and to develop their own perception. It is at this stage, the
learners and exposed to the rigour of the discipline of economics in a systematic way.

The economics courses are introduced in such a way that in the initial stage, the
learners are introduced to the economic realities that the nation is facing today along with
some basic statistical tools to understand these broader economic realities. In the later stage,
the learners are introduced to economics as a theory of abstraction.

The economics courses also contain many projects and activities. These will provide
opportunities for the learners to explore various economic issued both from their day-to-day
life and also from issues, which are broader and invisible in nature. The academic skills that
they learn in these courses would provide opportunities to use information and communication
technologies to facilitate their learning process.

OBJECTIVES

1. Understanding of some basic economics concepts and development of economic reasoning

which the learners can apply in their day-to-day life as citizens, workers and consumers.

2. Realization of learner’s role in nation building and sensitivity to the economic issues that the
nation is facing today.

3. Equipment with basic tools of economic and statistics to analyses economic issues. This is
pertinent for even those who may not pursue this course beyond senior secondary stage.

4. Development of understanding that there can be more than one view on any economics
issue and necessary skills to argue logically with reasoning.

(26)
Paper 1 3 Hours 85 Marks

Units Marks

PART A : INTODUCTORY MICRO ECONOMICS

1. Introduction 3
2. Consumer Behavior and Demand 12
3. Producer Behavior and Supply 20
4. Forms of Market and Price Determination 8
5. Simple applications of Tools of demand and supply cuves ---
43

PART B : INTROSUCTORY MACRO ECONMICS

6. National Income and Related Aggregates 12

7. Determination of income and Employment 10
8. Money and Banking 7
9. Government Budget and the Economy 7
10. Balance of Payments 6
42
UNIT 1 : INTRODUCTION

What is microeconomics?

Central problems of an economy, production possibility curve and opportunity cost.

UNIT 2 : CONSUMER BEHAVIOUR AND DEMAND

Consumer's Equilibrium - meaning and attainment of equilibrium through Utility

Approach: One and two commodity cases.

Demand, market demand,. Determinants of demand, demand schedule, demand curve,

movement along and shifts in demand curve, price elasticity of demand, measurement of price
elasticity of demand - percentage, total expenditure and geometric methods.

UNIT 3 : PRODUCER BEHAVIOUR AND SUPPLY

Production function - Returns to a factor and returns to scale.
 (27)

Supply, market supply, determinants of supply, supply schedule, supply curve,

movement along and shifts in supply curve, price elasticity of supply, measurement of price
elasticity of supply - percentage and geometric method.
Cost and Revenue - Short-run cost-total cost, Total variable cost, Total Fixed cost;
Average Fixed cost, Average Variable cost and Marginal Cost-meaning and their relationship.
Revenue total, average and marginal revenue-Producers' equilibrium-meaning and its
conditions in terms of total cost and total revenue.

UNIT 4 : FORMS OF MARKET AND PRICE DETERMINATION

Forms of market - Perfect competition, Monopoly, Monopolistic competition - their

meaning and features.
Price determination under perfect competition - Equilibrium price, effects of shifts in
demand and supply.

UNIT 5 : SIMPLE APPLICATIONS OF TOOLS OF DEMAND AND SUPPLY CURVES

Part B : Introductory Macro-Economics

UNIT 6 : NATIONAL INCOME AND RELATED AGGREGATES

Macroeconomics: Meaning.
Circular flow of income, concepts of GDP, GNP, NDP, NNP (at market price and factor
cost), National Disposable income (gross and net); Private income, Personal , Income and
Personal Disposable Income, Measurement of National Income - value Added method, Income
method and Expenditure method.

UNIT 7 : DETERMINATION OF INCOME AND EMPLOYMENT

Aggregate demand, Aggregate supply and their components.

Propensity to consume and propensity to save (average and marginal).
Meaning of Involuntary unemployment and full employment.
Determination of income and employment : Two sector model
Concept of investment multiplier and its working.
Problems of excess and deficient demand.

(28)
Measures to correct excess and deficient demand - availability of credit, change in Government
spending.

UNIT 8 : MONEY AND BANKING

Money - meaning and functions.

Central bank - meaning and functions.
Commercial banks - meaning and functions.
Recent significant reforms and issues in India Banking System.
Privatization and Modernization.

UNIT 9 : GOVERNMENT BUDGET AND THE ECONOMY

Government budget - meaning and its components.

Objectives of government budget.
Classification of receipts - revenue and capital; classification of expenditure - revenue and
capital, plan and non-plan, and development and non-development. Balanced budget, surplus
budget and deficit budget : meaning and implications. Revenue deficit, fiscal deficit and primary
deficit : meaning and implications; measures to contain different deficits.
Down sizing the role of government : Meaning and implications.

UNIT 10 : BALANCE OF PAYMENTS

Foreign exchange rate - meaning (Fixed and Flexible), merits and demerits; Determination
through demand and supply
Balance of payments account - meaning and components.
A brief analysis about recent exchange rate issues.

BOOKS RECOMMENDED :

O;f"V vFkZ'kkL= ,d ifjp;

lef"V vFkZ'kkL= ,d ifjp; Published by N.C.E.R.T., NEW DELHI

Introductory Microeconomics

Introductory Microeconomics

(29)
 7.HISTORY
RATIONALE

Through a focus on a range of important historical sources the students would be

introduced to a set of important historical events and processes. A discussion of these themes,
it is hoped, would allow students not only to know about these events and processes, but also
to discover the excitement of doing history.

OBJECTIVES

- Effort in these senior secondary classes would be to emphasize to students that history
is a critical discipline, a process of enquiry, a way of knowing about the past, rather than just a
collection of facts. The syllabus would help them understand the process through which
historians write history, by choosing and assembling different types of evidence, and by reading
their sources critically. They will appreciate how historians follow the trails that lead to the
past, and how historical knowledge develops.

- The syllabus would also enable students to relate/compare development in different

situations, analyze connection between similar processes located in different time periods, and
discover the relationship between different methods of social enquiry within different social
sciences.

- In class XII the focus will be on a detailed study of some themes in Ancient, Medieval
and Modern Indian history. The object would be to study a set of these themes in some detail
and depth rather than survey the entire chronological span of Indian history. In this sense the
courses will built on the knowledge that the students have acquired in the earlier classes.

- Each theme in class XII will also introduce the student to one type of source for the
study of history. Through such a study students would begin to see what different types of
sources can reveal and what they cannot tell. They would come to know how historians analyze
these sources, the problems and difficulties of interpreting each type of source, and the way a
larger picture of an event, a historical process, or a historical figure, is built by looking at
different types of sources.

- Each theme for class XII will be organized around four subheads : (a) a detailed overview
of the events, issues and processes under discussion, (b) a summary of the present state of
research on the theme, (c) an account of how knowledge about the theme has been acquired.
(d) an excerpt from a primary source related to the theme, explaining how it has been used by
historians.

- In the textbooks each theme would be located in a specific time and place. But these
discussions would be situated within a wider context by (a) plotting the spcific event within
time-lines, (b) discussing the particular event or process in relation to developments in other
places and other times.

(30)
One Paper 3 Hours 85 Marks

UNITS MARKS

PART-1 21

1. The Story of the First Cities Harappan Archaeology 5

2. Political and Economic History: How Inscriptions tell a story 8
3. Social Histories : Using the Mahabharata 3
4. A History of Buddhism : Sanchi Stupa 5

PART-II 26

5. Agrarian Relations : The Ain-i-Akbari 4

6. The Mughal Court : Reconstruction Histories Through Chronicles 8
7. New Architecture : Hampi 5
8. Religious Histories : The Bhakti-Sufi tradition 5
9. Medieval Society Through Travellers' Accounts 4

PART-III 33

10. Colonialism and Rural Society: Evidence from Official Reports' 3

11. Representations of 1857 8
12. Colonialism and Indian Towns : Town Plans and Municipal Reports 5
13. Mahatma Gandhi Through Contemporary Eyes 8
14. Partition through Oral Sources 4
15. The Making of the Constitution 5

PART-IV
Map Work (Units 1 to 15) 5

THEMES IN INDIAN HISTORY

THEMES OBJECTIVES

1. The Story of the First Cities : Harappan - Familiarize the learner with early urban
Archaeology. centers as economic and social institutions.
Broad overview : Early urban centres. - Introduce the ways can lead to a revisions of
Story of discovery : Harappan civilization existing notions of history.
Excerpt : Archaeological report on a major - Illustrate how archaeological reports are
site. analyzed and interpreted by scholars.
Discussion : how it has been utilized by
archaeologists/historians.

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2. Political and Economic History : How - Familiarize the learner with major trends in
Inscriptions tell a story. the political and economic history of the
Broad overview : Political and economic subcontinent.
history from the Mauryan to the Gupta period. - Introduce inscriptional analysis and the ways
Story of discovery : Inscriptions and the in which these have shaped the understanding
decipherment of the script. Shifts in the under of political and economic processes.
standing of political and economic history.
Excerpt : Asokan inscription and Gupta period
land grant.
Disussion : Interpretation of inscriptions by
historians.
3. Social Histories : Using the Mahabharata
Broad Overview : Issues in social history,
including caste, class kinship and gender. - Familiarize the learner with issues in social
Story of discovery : Transmission and history introduce strategies of textual analysis
publications of the Mahabharata. and their use in reconstructing social history.
Excerpt : from the Mahabharata, illustrating
how it has been used by historians.
Discussion : Other sources for reconstructing
social history.

4. A history of Buddhism : Sanchi Stupa

Broad overview : (a) A brief review of religious
histories of Vedic religion, Jainism, Vaisnavism, - Discuss the major religious developments in
Saivism (b) Focus on Buddhism. early India.
Story of discovery : Sanchi Stupa - Introduce strategies of visual analysis and
Excerpt : Reproduction of sculptures from their use in reconstructing histories of religion.
Sanchi.
Discussion : Ways in which sculpture has been
interpreted by historians, other sources for
reconstructing the history of Buddhism
5. Agrarian Relations : The Ain-i-Akbari
Broad overview : (a) Structure of agrarian
relations in the 16th and 17th centuries (b) - Discuss developments in agrarian relations.
Patterns of change over the period. - Discuss how to supplement official
Story of discovery : Account of the compilation documents with other sources.
and translation of Ain-i-Akbari
Excerpt : From the Ani-i-Akbari
Disussion : Ways in which historians have used
the text to reconstruct history.
6. The Mughal Court : Reconstructing
Histories throgh Chronicles - Familiarize the learner with the major
Broad overview : (a) Outline of political history landmarks in political history.
15th-17th centuries. (b) Disucssion of the - Show how chronicles and other sources are
Mughal court and politics. used to reconstruct the histories of political
Story of discovery : Account of the production institutions.
of court chronicles and their subsequent,
translation and transmission.
Excerpts : From the Akbarnama and
Padshahnama.
Discussion : Ways in which historians have
used the texts to reconstruct political
histories.
7. New Architecture : Hampi
Broad overview : (a) Outline of new buildings - Familizrize the learner with the new building
during Vijayanagar period-temples, forts, that were built during the time.
irrigation facilities. (b) Relationship between - Discuss the ways in which architecture can
architecture and the political system. be analyzed to reconstruct history.
Story of discovery : Account of Hampi was
found.
Excert : Visuals of buildings at Hampi.
Discussion : Ways in which historians have
analyzed and interpreted these structures.
8. Religious Histories : The Bhakti Sufi tradition
Broad overview : (a) Outline of religious - Familiarize the learner with religious
development during this period. (b) Ideas and developments.
practices of the Bhakti-sufi saints. - Discuss ways of analyzing devetional
Story of Transmission : How Bhakti-Sufi literature as sources of history.
compositions have been preserved.
Excerpt : Extracts from selected Bhakti Sufi
works.
Discussion: Ways in which these have been
interpreted by historians.
9. Medieval Society Through Travellers
Accounts - Familiarize the learner with the salient
Broad overview : Outline of social and cultural features of social histories describe by the
life as they appear in travellers accounts. travellers.
Story of their writings : A discussions of where - Discuss how travellers account can be used
they travelled, why they travelled, what they as sources of social history.
wrote, and for whom they wrote.
Excepts : From alberuni, Ibn Batuta Bernier.
Discussion : What these travel accounts can
tell us how they have been interpreted by
historians.
10. Colonialism and-Rural Society : Evidence
from offical Reports. Broad overview : (a) Life
of zamindars, peasants and artisans in the - Discuss how colonialism affected Zamindars,
later 18 century (b) East India Company, peasants and artisans.
revenue settlements and surveys. (c) Changes - Understand the problems and limits of using
over the nineeteenth century. official sources for understanding the lives of
Story of official records : An account of why people
official investigations into rural societies were
under taken and the types of records and
reports produced.
Excerpt : From Firminger's Fifth Report,
Accounts of Frances Buchanan-Hamilton, and
Deccan Riots Repot.
Discussion : What the official records tell and
do not tell, and how they have been used by
historians.
11. Representations of 1857
Broad overview : (a) The events of 1857-58.
(b) How these events were recorded and - Discuss how the events of 1857 are being
narrated. reinterpreted.
Focus : Lucknow - Discuss how visual material can be used by
Excerpts : Pictures of 1857. historians.
Extracts from contemporary accounts.
Disussions : How the pictures of 1857 shaped
British opinion of what had happened.
12. Colonialism and Indian Towns : Town
Plans and Municipal Reports.
Broad overview : The growth of Mumbai, - Familiarize the learner with the history of
Chennai, hill stations and cantonments in the modern urban centres.
18th and 19th century. - Discuss how urban histories can be written
Excerpts : Photographs and painting. Plans of by drawing on different types of sources.
cities. Extract from town plan reports.
Focus on Kolkata town planning.
Discussion : How the above sources can be
used to reconstruct the history of towns. What
these sources do not reveal.
13. Mahatma Gandhi Through contemporary - Familiarize the learner with significant
Eyes elements of the nationalist movement and the
Board Overview : (a) The nationalist nature of Gandhian leadership.
movement 1918-48, (b) The nature of - Discuss how Gandhi was perceived by
Gandhian politics and leadership different groups.
Focus : Mahatma Gandhi in 1931. - Discuss how historians need to read and
Excerpts : reports from English and Indian interpret newspapers, diaries and letters as
language newspapers and other contemporary historical source.
writings.
Discussion : How newspapers can be a source
of history.
14. Partition through oral sources Board - Discuss the last decade of the national
Overview : (a) The history of the 1940s; (b) movement, the growth of communalism and
Nationalism. Communalism and Partition. the story of Partition.
Focus : Punjab and Bengal - Understand the events through the
Excerpts : Oral testimonies of those who experience of those who lived through these
experienced partition. years of communal violence.
Discussion : Ways in which these have been - Show the possibilities and limits of oral
analyzed to reconstruct the history of the sources.
event.
15. The Making of the Constitution Board - Familiarize students with the history of the
Overview : (a) Independence and the new early years after independence.
nation state (b) The making of the - Discuss how the founding ideals of the new
constitution. nation state were debated and formulated.

Focus : The Constitutional Assembly debates. - Understand how such debates and
Excerpts : From the debates. discussions can be read by historians.
Discussion : What such debates reveal and
how they can be analyzed.

PRESCRIBED BOOKS :
1] Hkkjrh; bfrgkl ds dqN fo"k; Hkkx 1] 2 vkSj 3 fg- iz- Ldwy f'k{kk cksMZ /keZ'kkyk }kjk izdkf'kr
 8.POLITICAL SCIENCE
RATIONAE
At the senior secondary level students who opt Political Science are given an
opportunity to get introduced to the diverse concerns of a Political Scientist. At this level there
is a need to enable students to engage with political processes that surround them and
provided them with an understanding of the historical context that has shaped the present. The
different courses introduce the students to the various streams of the discipline of political
science : political theory, Indian political and international politics. Concerns of the other two
stream - comparative politics and public administration - are accommodated at different places
in these courses. In introducing these streams, special care has been taken not to burden the
students with the current jargon of the discipline. The basic idea here is to lay the foundations
for a serious engagement with the discipline at the under graduation stage.
OBJECTIVES
Indian Constitution At Work :-
- Enable students to understand historical processes and circumstances in which the
Constitution was drafted.
- Provide opportunity for students to be familiar with the diverse visions that guided the makers
of the Indian Constitution.
- Enable students to identify the certain key features of the Constitution and compare these to
other constitutions in the world.
- Analyse the way in which the provisions of the Constitution have worked in real political life.
POLITICAL THEORY
- Develop the skills for logical reasoning and abstraction.
- Inculcate attention to and respect for viewpoints other than one's own.
- Introduce students to the different political thinkers in relation to a concept and in everyday
social life.
- Enable students to meaningfully participate in a concern of current political life that surrounds
them.
- Encourage the students to analyses any unexamined prejudices that one may have inherited.

POLITICs IN INDIA AFTER INDEPENDENCE

- enable students to be familiar with some of the key political events and figures in the post-
independence period.
- Develop skills of political analysis through events and processes recent history.
- Develop their capacity to link macro processes with micro situations and their own life.
- Encourage the students to take a historical perspective of making sense of the contemporary
India.

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CONTEMPORARY WORLD POLITICS
- enable the students to expand their horizon beyond India and make sense of the political map
of contemporary world.
- Familiarise the students with some of the key political events and processes in the post cold
war era.
- Equip students to be conscious of the way in which global events and processes shape our
everyday lives.
- Strengthen their capacity for political analysis by thinking contemporary developments in a
historical perspective.

One Paper 85 Marks

UNITS MARKS
PART A : POLTICS IN INDIA SINCE INDEPENDENCE

1. Era of one-party dominance 5

2. Nation-Building and its problems
3. Politics of Planned Development
4. India's External relations 5
5. Challenges to and Restoration of Congress System 4
6. Crisis of the Constitutional order 6
7. Regional aspirations and conflicts 4
8. Rise of New Social Movements 5
9. Democratic upsurge and coalition parties 4
10.Recent issues and challenges 4
Total 45
PART B : CONTEMPORAY WORLD-POLTICS

11. Cold War Era in World Politics 8

12. Disintegration of the Second World and the
Collapse of Bipolarity 10
13. US Dominance in World Politics
14. Alternative centres of Economic and Political Power
8
15. South Asia in the Post-Cold war Era
16. International organizations in a unipolar world 4
17. Security in Contemporary World 4
18. Globalisation and its Critics 6
Total 40

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COURSE CONTENTS
1. Era of One-Party Dominance :
First three general elections, nature of Congress dominance at the national level, uneven
dominance at the state level, coalitional nature of Congress, Major opposition parties.
2. Nation-Building and its Problems :
Nehru's approach to nation-building: Legacy of partition: challenge of 'refugee' resettlement,
the Kashmir problem. Organization and reorganization of states; Political conflict over
language.
3. Politics of Planned Development :
Five year plans, expansion of state sector and the rise of new economic interests. Famine
and suspension of five year plans. Green revolution and its political fallouts.
4. India's External Relations :
Nehru's foreign policy. Sino-Indian war of 1962, Indo-Pak war of 1965 and 1971. India's
nuclear programme and shifting alliances in world politics.
5. Challenge to and Restoration of Congress System :
Political succession after Nehru. Non-Congressism and electoral upset of 1967, Congress split
and reconstitution, Congress' victory in 1971 elections, politics of garibi hatao.
6. Crisis of the Constitutional Order :
Search for committed bureaucracy and judiciary. Navnirman movement in Gujarat and the
Bihar movement. Emergency: context, constitutional and extra-constitutional dimensions,
resistance to emergency 1977 election and the formation of Janata Party. Rise of civil liberties
organisations.
7. Regional Aspirations and Conflicts :
Rise of regional parties. Punjab crisis and the anti-Sikh riots of 1984. The Kashmir situation.
Challenges and responses in the North East.
8. Rise of New Social Movements :
Farmers’ movements, women's movement, Environment and Development-affected
people's movements. Implementation of Mandal Commission report and its aftermath.
9. Democratic Upsurge and Coalition Politics :
Participatory upsurge in 1990s. Rise of the JD and the BJP. Increasing role of regional parties
and coalition polities. UF and NDA governments Elections 2004 and UPA government.
10. Recent issues and challenges :
Challenge of and responses to globalization: new economic policy and its opposition. Rise
of OBCs in North Indian politics. Dalit politics in electoral and non-electoral arena. Challenge of
communalism: Ayodhya dispute, Gujarat riots.

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PART B: CONTEMPORARY WORLD POLITICS
LEARNING OBJECTIVES :
COURSE CONTENTS
11. Cold War Era in World Politics
Emergence of two power blocks after the second world war. Arenas of the cold war.
Challenges to Bipolarity: Non Aligned Movement, quest for new international economic order.
India and the cold war.
12. Disintegration of the 'Second World" and the Collapse of Bipolarity
New entities in world politics: Russia, Balkan states and Central Asian states,
Introduction of democratic politics and capitalism in post-communist regimes. India's relations
with Russia and other post-communist countries.
13. US Dominance in World Politics :
Growth of unilateralism : Afghanistan, first Gulf War, response to 9/11 and attack on
Iraq. Dominance and challenge to the US in economy and ideology. India's renegotiation of its
relationship with the USA.
14. Alternative Centers of Economic and Political Power :
Rise of China as an economic power in post-Mao era, creation and expansion of
European Union, ASEAN. India's changing relations with China.
15. South Asia in the Post-Cold War Era :
Democratisation and its reversals in Pakistan and Nepal. Ethnic conflict in Sri Lanka,
Impact of economic globalization on the region. Conflicts and efforts for peace in South Asia.
India's relations with its neighbours.
16. International Organizations in a unipolar World :
Restructuring and the future of the UN. India's position in the restructured UN. Rise of
new international actors: new international economic organisations, NGOs. How democratic
and accountable are the new institutions of global governance?
17. Security in Contemporary World :
Traditional concerns of security and politics of disarmament. Non-traditional or human
security: global poverty, health and education. Issues of human rights and migration.
18. Globalisation and Its Critics.
Economic, cultural and political manifestations. Debates on the nature of consequences
of globalisation. Anti-globalisation movements. India as an arena of globalization and struggle
against it.

PRESCRIBED BOOKS :
1- ledkyhu fo'o jktuhrh fg-iz- Ldwy f'k{kk cksMZ] /keZ'kkyk }kjk izdkf'krA
2- LorU= Hkkjr esa jktuhrh fg-iz- Ldwy f'k{kk cksMZ] /keZ'kkyk }kjk izdkf'krA

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 9.GEOGRAPHY
RATIONAL

Geography is introduced as an elective subject at the senior secondary stage. After ten
years of general education, students branch out at the beginning of this stage and are exposed
to the rigorous of the discipline for the first time. Being an entry point for the higher education,
students choose geography for pursuing their academic interest and, therefore, need a broader
and deeper understanding of the subject. For others, geographical knowledge is useful in daily
lives because it is a valuable medium for the education of young people. Its contribution lies in
the content, cognitive processes, skills and values that geography promotes and thus helps the
students expore, understand and evaluate the environmental and social dimensions of the
world in a better manner.

Since geography explores the relationship between people and the environment, it
includes studies of physical and human environments and the interactions at different scales -
local, state/region, nation and the world. The fundamental principles responsible for the
varieties in the distributional pattern of physical and human features and phenomena over the
earth's surface need to be understood properly. Application of these principles would be taken
up through selected case studies from the world and India. Thus, the physical and human
environment of India and study of some issues from a geographical point of view will be
covered in greater detail. Students will be exposed to different methods used in geographical
investigations.

OBJECTIVES

The course in geography will help learners :

- Familiarise themselves with the terms, key concepts and basic principles of geography.

- Search for, recognize and understand the processes and patterns of the spatial
arrangement of the natural as well as human features and phenomena on the earth's surface;

- Understand and analyse the inter-relationship between physical and human

environments and their impact;

- Apply geographical knowledge and methods of inquiry to new situations or problems at

different levels-local, regional, national and global;

- Develop geographical skills, relating to collection, processing and analysis and

data/information and preparation of report including map and graphs, and use of computers
whereas possible, and

- Utilize geographical knowledge in understanding issues concerning the community such

as environmental issues, socio-economic concerns, gender and become responsible and
effective member of the community.

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ONE THEORY PAPER 3 HOURS 60 MARKS

A. FUNDAMENTALS OF HUMAN GEOGRAPHY 30 MARKS

Unit 1 : Human Geography 02
Unit 2 : People 04
Unit 3 : Human Activities 09
Unit 4 : Transport, Communication and Trade 09
Unit 5 : Human Settlements 04
Unit 6 : Map work 02

B. INDIAN: PEOPLE AND ECONOMY 30 MARKS

Unit 7 : People 04
Unit 8 : Human Settlements 04
Unit 9 : Resources and Development 12
Unit 10 : Transport, Communication and International Trade 06
Unit 11 : Geographical Perspective on Selected Issues and problems 02
Unit 12 : Map Work 02

C. PRACTICAL WORK 25 MARKS

Unit 1 : Processing of data and Thematic Mapping 17

Unit 2 : Field study of Spatial Information Technology 08

A. FUNDAMENTALS OF HUMAN GEOGRAPHY 30 MARKS

Unit 1 : Human Geography : Nature and Scope

Unit 2 : People
- Polulation of the world - distribution, density and growth
- Population change-spatial patterns and structure;
determinants of population changes;
- Age-sex ratio; rural-urban composition;
- Human development - concept; selected indicators,
international comparisons

UNIT 3 : HUMAN ACTIVITIES

- Primary activities - concept and changing trends; gathering, pastoral, mining,

subsistence agriculture, modern agriculture; people engaged in agricultural and allied activities
some examples from selected countries;

- Secondary activities-concepts; manufacturing: agro- processing, household, small scale,

large-scale; people engaged in secondary activities - some examples from selected countries;

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- Tertiary activities-concept, trade, transport and communication; services; people
engaged in tertiary activates - some examples from selected countries

- Quaternary activates-concept; knowledge based industries; people engaged in

quaternary activities - some examples from selected countries

UNIT 4 : TRANSPORT, COMMUNICATION AND TRADE

- Land transport - roads, railway - rail network; trans-continental railways;

- Water transport - inland waterways; major ocean routes;

- Air Transport Inter continental air routes

- Oil and gas pipelines;

- Satellite communication and cyber space

- International trade-Basis and changing patterns; ports as gateways of international

trade, role of WTO in international trade.

UNIT 5 : HUMAN SETTLEMENTS

- Settlement types - rural and urban; morphology of cities (case study ); distribution of
mega cities; problems of human settlements in developing countries.

UNIT 6 : MAP WORK OUTLINE POLITICAL MAP OF WORLD 2 MARKS

IDENTIFICATION ONLY

B. INDIA : PEOPLE AND ECONOMY 30 MARKS

UNIT 7 : PEOPLE

- Population distribution, density and growth; composition of population; linguistic and

religious; rural-urban population; change through time-regional variations; occupation;

- Migration : International, national-causes and consequences;

- Human Development - Selected indicators and regional patters.

- Population, environment and development.

UNIT 8 : HUMAN SETTLEMENTS

- Rural Settlements - types of distribution;

- Urban settlements - types, distribution, and functional classification.

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UNIT 9 : RESOURCES AND DEVELOPMENT

- Land resources - general land use; agricultural land use-major crops; agricultural
development and problems; Distribution of Wheat, Rice, Tea, Coffee, Cotton, Jute, Sugar cane
and Rubber.

- Water resources - availability and utilization-irrigation, domestic, industrial and other

uses; scarcity of water and conservation method-rain water harvesting and watershed
management (one case study related with participatory watershed management to be
introduced).

- Mineral and energy resources-metallic (Iron, ore, Copper, Bauxite, Manganese) and non-
metallic (Mica, Salt) minerals and their distribution; conventional (Coal, Petroleum, Natural gas
and Hydro electricity) and non-conventional energy sources (Solar, wind, biogas).

- Industries - types and distribution; industrial location and clustering; changing pattern of
selected industries - iron and steel, cotton textiles, sugar, petrochemicals and knowledge based
industries; impact of liberalization, privatization and globalization on industrial location.

- Planning in India - target area planning (case study); idea of sustainable development
(case study)

UNIT 10 : TRANSPORT, COMMUNICATION AND INTERNATIONAL TRADE

Transport and communication - roads, railways, waterways and airways; oil and gas
pipelines; national electric grids; communication networkings - radio, television, satellite and
internet.

- International trade-changing pattern of India's foreign trade; sea ports and their
hinterland and airports,

UNIT 11 : GEOGRAPHICLA PERSPECTIVE ON SELECTED ISSUES AND PROBLEMS

(ONE CASE STUDY TO BE INTRODUCED FOR EACH TOPIC)

- Environmental pollution; urban-waste disposal.

- Urbanisation-rural-urban migration; problem of slum.

- Land Degradation.

UNIT 12 : MAP WORK - ON OUTLINE POLITICAL MAP OF INDIA FOR LOCATING AND LABELLING
02 Marks

C. Practical Work 25 Marks

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UNIT I : PROCESSING OF DATA AND THEMATIC MAPPING

- Sources of data.

- Tabulating and processing of data; calculation of averages, measures of central

tendency, deviation and rank correlation;

- Representation of data - construction of diagrams: bars, circles and flowchart; thematic

maps; construction of dot; chropleth and isopleth maps;

- Use of computers in data processing and mapping.

UNIT II : FIELD STUDY OF SPATIAL INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

Field visit and study : map orientation, observation and preparation of sketch; survey on
any one of the local concerns; pollution, ground water changes, land use and land-use changes,
poverty, energy issues, soil degradation, drought and impacts, flood catchment area of school,
Market survey and Household survey (any one topic of local concern may be taken up for the
study; observation and questionnaire survey may be adopted for the data collection; collected
data may be tabulated and analysed with diagrams and maps):

OR

SPATIAL INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

Introduction to GIS; hardware requirements and software modules; data formats; roster
and vector data, data input, editing & topology building; data analysis; overlay & buffer.

BOOKS RECOMMENDED

rhu ikB~;iqLRkdsa %
ekuo Hkwxksy ds ewy fl}kUr] Hkkjr&yksx vkSj vFkZO;LFkk] Hkwxksy esa iz;ksxkRed dk;Z Hkkx&2 jk"Vªh;
'kSf{kd vuqla/kku kku vkSj izf'k{k.k ifj"kn~ }kjk izdkf'krA

(44)
 10.PSYCHOLOGY
Psychology is introduced as an elective subject at the higher secondary stage of school
education. As a discipline, psychology specializes in the study of experiences, behaviors and
mental processes of human beings within a socio-cultural and socio-historical context. This
course purports to introduce the learners to the basic ideas, principles and methods in
psychology so as to enable them to understand themselves and their social world better. The
emphasis is put on creating interest and exposure needed by learners to develop their own
knowledge base and understanding.

The courses deals with psychological knowledge and practices which are contextually
rooted. It emphasizes the complexity of behavioral processes and discourages simplistic cause-
effect thinking. This is pursued by encouraging critical reasoning, allowing students to
appreciate the role of cultural factors in behavior, and illustrating how biology and experience
shape behavior. The course while developing an appreciation of subjectivity, also focuses on
multiplicity of worldviews.

It is suggested that the teaching-learning processes should involve students in evolving

their own understanding. Therefore, Teaching of Psychology should be based on the use of case
studies , narratives, experiential exercises, analysis of common everyday experiences, etc.

The present effort at reforming and updating the syllabus is based on the feedback
received from the teachers and students as well as some new educational and curricular
concerns such as, the curriculum load, interdisciplinary approach, issues related to gender
parity, concerns of special and marginalised groups, peace and environmental concerns, and
inculcating citizenship values.

OBJECTIVES

1. To develop appreciation about human behaviour and human mind in the context of
learners' immediates society and environment.

2. To develop in learners an appreciation of multidisciplinary nature of psychological

knowledge and its application in various aspects of life.

3. To enable learners to become perceptive, socially aware and self-reflective.

4. To facilitate students' quest for personal growth and effectiveness, and to enable them
to become responsive and responsible citizens

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ONE THEORY PAPER MARKS : 60

UNIT-WISE WEIGHTAGE

UNITS MARKS

Psychology and self & Psychology and Society

I. Variations in Psychological Attributes 07
II. Self and Personality 08
III. Meeting Life Challenges 06
IV. Psychological Disorders 07
V. Therapeutic Approaches 06
VI. Attitude and Social Cognition 07
VII. Social Influence and Group Processes 06
VIII. Psychology and Life 07
IX. Developing Psychological Skills 06
Practicals (Psychological testing, Case Profile etc.) 25

PSYCHOLOGY AND SELF & PSYCHOLOGY AND SOCIETY

UNIT I : VARIATIONS IN PSYCHOLOGICAL ATTRIBUTES 07 Marks

The unit aim at studying how people differ with respect to their various psychological
attributes.

Individual differences in human functioning, Assessment psychological attributes;

Intelligence: Individual difference in intelligence: Theories of Intelligence: Culture and
Intelligence, Emotional intelligence: Special abilities: Aptitude-nature and measurement;
Creativity;

UNIT II : SELF AND PERSONALITY 08 Marks

The unit focuses on the study of self and personality in the context of different
approaches in an effort to appraise the person. The assessment of personality will also be
discussed.

Concepts of self, concept, self-esteem, self-efficacy, and self-regulation; culture and

self ; Personality concept; Major approaches type and Trait, Psychodynamic, Humanistic,
Behavioural, Cultural; Assessment of personality: Self-report measures, behavioural analysis,
and projective measures.

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UNIT III : MEETING LIFE CHALLENGES 06 MARKS

This unit deals with the nature of stress and how responses to stress depend on an
individual's appraisal of stressors. Strategies to cope with stress will also be dealt with.

UNIT IV : PSYCHOLOGICAL DISORDERS 07 MARKS

This unit discusses the concepts of normality and abnormality and the major
psychological disorders.

Concepts of abnormality and Psychological disorder, Factors, underlying abnormal

behaviour, Classification of disorder, Major psychological disorders- Anxiety, Somato-form
Dissociative, Mood, Schizophrenic, Developmental and Behavioural Substance Related.

UNIT V : THERAPUTIC APPROCHES 06 MARKS

The unit discusses the goals, techniques and effectiveness of different approaches to
treat psychological disorders.

Nature and process of therapy; Therapeutic relationship; Types of therapies: Psycho-

dynamic, Humanistic, Cognitive, Behaviour and Bio-medical; Alternative therapies - Yoga,
Meditation; Rehabilitation of mentally ill.

UNIT VI : ATTITUDE AND SOCIAL CONGNITION 07 MARKS

This unit focuses on formation and change of attitudes, cultural influences on

attribution tendencies and conditions influencing pro-social behaviour.

Explaining social behaviour: Impression formation and explaining behaviour of others

through attributions; Social cognition; Schemas and stereotypes; Nature and components of
attitudes; Attitude formation and change; Behaviour in the presence of others; Pro-social
Behaviour; Prejudice and discrimination; Strategies for handling prejudice.

UNIT VII : SOCIAL INFLUENCE AND GROUP PROCESSES 06 MARKS

The unit deals with concept of group, its functions and the dynamics of social influence
on conformity, obedience and compilance. Different conflict resolution strategies will also be
discussed.

Conformity, Obedience, and Compliance; Groups : Nature, formation and Types;

Influence of group on individual behavior, Inter-Group Conflicts; Conflict resolution strategies.

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UNIT VIII : PSYCHOLOGY AND LIFE 07 MARKS

The unit focuses on the application of psychological understanding to some important

social issues.

Human-environment relationship; Environmental effects on human behaviour: Noise,

pollution, crowding, natural disasters, Psychology and social concerns: Aggression, Violence and
Peace, Discrimination and Poverty, health, impact of television on behaviour Promoting pro-
environmental behaviour.

UNIT IX : DEVELOPING PSYCHOLOGICAL SKILLS 06 MARKS

The unit deals with some effective Psychological and interpersonal skills for facilitating
personal-social development.

Effective pscyhological skills: Observational skills, Interviewing skills, Testing skills

Counselling skills, Communication skills.

PRACTICALS PSYCHOLOGICAL TESTING (PROFILE) 25 MARKS

The students shall be required to prepare one case profile and conduct five practicals
related to the topics covered in the course. The case profile will include development history of
the subject, using both qualitative (observation, interview, rating scale etc.) and quantitative
(Psychological testing ) approaches. Practicals would involve using standardised psychological
assessment devices in different domains (intelligence, personality, aptitude, adjustment,
attitude, self-concept, and anxiety).

MARKS DISTRIBUTION

(i) Reporting file including case profile : 04 Marks

(ii) Viva Voice : 05 Marks
(iii) Two practicals 8 marks each 4 for accurate conduct and 4 for reporting.

BOOKS RECOMMENDED :

euksfoKku
Published by N.C.E.R.T., NEW DELHI.

Psychology

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 11.SOCIOLOGY
RATIONAL

Sociology is introduced as an elective subject at the senior secondary stage. The syllabus
is designed to help learners to reflect on what they hear and see in the course of everyday life
and develop a constructive attitude towards society in change; to equip a learner with concepts
and theoretical skills for the purpose. The Curriculum of Sociology at this stage should enable
the learner to understand dynamics of human behavior in all its complexities and
manifestations. The learners of today need answers and explanations to satisfy the questions
that arise in their minds while trying to understand social world. Therefore, there is a need to
develop an analytical approach towards the social structure so that they can meaningfully
participate in the process of social change. There is scope in the syllabus not only for interactive
learning, based on exercises and project work but also for teachers and students to jointly
innovate new ways of learning.

 Sociology studies society. The child’s familiarity with the society in which she/he lives in
makes the study of sociology a double edged experience. At one level sociology studies
institutions such as family and kinship, class, caste and tribe religion and region-contexts
with which children are familiar of, even if differentially. For India is a society which is
varied both horizontally and vertically. The effort in the books will be to grapple overtly
with this both as a source of strength and as a site for interrogation.
 Significantly the intellectual legacy of sociology equips the discipline with a plural
perspective that overtly engages with the need for defamiliarization, to unlearn and
question the given. This interrogative and critical character of sociology also makes it
possible to understand both other cultures as well as relearn about one’s own culture.
 This plural perspective makes for an inbuilt richness and openness that not too many
other disciplines in practice share. From its very inception sociology has had mutually
enriching and contesting traditions of an interpretative method that openly takes into
account ‘subjectivity’ and causal explanations that pays due importance to establishing
causal correspondences with considerable sophistication. Not surprisingly its field work
tradition also entails large scale survey methods as well as a rich ethnographic tradition.
Indeed Indian sociology, in particular has bridged this distinction between what has
often been seen as distinct approaches of sociology and social anthropology. The
Syllabus provides ample opportunity to make the child familiar with the excitement of
field work as well as its theoretical significance for the very discipline of sociology.
 The plural legacy of sociology also enables a bird’s eye view and a worm’s eye view of
the society the child lives in. This is particularly true today when the local is inextricably
defined and shaped by macro global processes.

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  The Syllabus proceeds with the assumption that gender as an organizing principle of
society cannot be treated as an add on topic but is fundamental to the manner that all
chapters shall be dealt with.
 The chapters shall seek for a child centric approach that makes it possible to connect the
lived reality of children with social structures and social processes that sociology studies.
 A conscious effort will be made to build into the chapters a scope for exploration of
society that makes learning a process of discovery. A way towards this is to deal with
sociological concepts not as givens but a product of societal actions humanly
constructed and therefore open to questioning.

OBJECTIVES

1. To enable learners to relate classroom teaching to their outside environment.

2. To introduce them to the basic concepts of sociology that would enable them to
observe and interpret social life.
3. To be aware of the complexity of social processes.
4. To appreciate diversity in society in India and the world at large.
5. To build the capacity of students to understand and analyze the changes in
contemporary Indian society.

One Paper 3 Hours Marks : 85

UNIT-WISE WEIGHTAGE

UNITS MARKS

INDIAN SOCIETY 43 MARKS

I. Structure of Indian Society 07

II. Social Institution: Continuity & Change 12
III. Social Inequality & Exclusion 12
IV. The Challenges of unity in Diversity 12

CHANGE AND DEVELOPMENT IN INDIA 42 MARKS

V. Process of social Change in India 08

VI. Social Change and the Polity 08
VII. Social Change & the Economy 10
VIII. New Areas of Social Change 08
IX. Social Movements 08

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 INDIAN SOCIETY MARKS 43

UNIT I: STRUCTURE OF INDIAN SOCIETY

 Introduction Indian Society: Colonialism, Nationalism, class 07 Marks

and community
 Demographic Structure
 Rural-Urban linkages and Divisions

UNIT II. SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS: CONTINUITY & CHANGE

 Family and Kinship 12 Marks

 The Cast System
 Tribal Society
 The Market as a social Institution

UNIT III. SOCIAL INEQUALITY & EXVLUSION

 Caste Prejudice, Scheduled Castes and other Backward Classes 12 Marks

 Marginalization of Tribal Communities
 The Struggle for Women’s Equality
 The Protection of Religious Minorities
 Caring for the Differently Able

UNIT IV: THE CHALLENGES OF UNITY IN DIVERSITY

 Problems of Communalism, Regionalism, Casteism & Patriarchy 12 Marks

 Role of the state in a plural and Unequal Society
 What we share

CHANGE AND DEVELOPMENT IN INDIA MARKS 42

UNIT V: PROCESS OF SOCIAL CHANGE IN INDIA

 Process of Structural change: 08 Marks

Colonialism, Industrialization, Urbanization
 Process of Cultural Change:
Modernization, Westernization, Sanskritisation, Secularization.
 Social Reform Movements & Laws

UNIT VI: SOCIAL CHANGE AND THE POLITY

 The constitution as an instrument of Social Change 08 Marks

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  Parties, Pressure Groups and Democratic Politics
 Panchayati Raj and the Challenges of social Transformation

UNIT VII: SOCIAL CHANGE & THE ECONOMY

 Land Reforms, the Green Revolution and agrarian society 10 Marks

 From Planned Industrialization to liberalization
 Change in the Class Structure

UNIT VIII: NEW AREAS OF SOCIAL CHANGE

 Media and Social Change 8 Marks

 Globalization and Social Change

UNIT IX: SOCIAL MOVEMENTS

 Class-Based Movement : Workers, Peasants. 8 Marks

 Caste-Based Movements: Dalit Movement, Backward Castest, Trends in Upper caste
Reponses.
 Women’s Movement in Independent India.
 Tribal Movements.
 Environmental Movements.

BOOKS RECOMMENDED:

Hkkjrh; lekt&lekt”kkL= Published by N.C.E.R.T. New Delhi

Indian Society-Sociology

(52)
 +2

PHYSICAL EDUCATION

ONE PAPER 3 HOURS 60 MARKS

PART – A

THEORY 27 MARKS

1. PHYSICAL FITNESS AND WELLNESS

1. Meaning and Importance of physical Fitness and Wellness.
2. Components of Physical Fitness and Wellness.
3. Factors affecting Physical Fitness and Wellness.
4. Principles of Physical Fitness development.
5. Means of fitness development.
(a) Aerobic Activities.
(b) Anaerobic Activities.
(c) Participation in Games and Sports.

2. TRAINING METHODS

2.1 Meaning and concept of training methods.

2.1(1) Principles of Training.
2.1(2) Advantage of Training.
2.2 Methods of Training-
2.2(1) Methods of Strength Development
(a) Isometric Excercises
(b) Isotonic Excercises
(c) Isokinetic Excercises
2.2(2) Methods of Endurance Development
2.2 2(a) Continuous Training Methods.
(b) Internal Training Method
(c) Fartlek Training Method.
2.2(3) Methods of speed Development
2.2 3(a) Speed development
(b) Pace Running
2.3 CIRCUIT TRAINING
2.3(I) Meaning of Circuit Training
(II) Kinds of Circuit Training
(III) Characteristics of Circuit Training
(IV) Advantage of Circuit Training
2.4 (2) WEIGHT TRAINING
2.4 Warming up
 2.4(I) Meaning and types of warming up
(II) Principles of Warming up
(III) Importance of Warming up
2.4(2) Meaning and Effects on conditioning on body.
2.4(3) Cooling/limbering Down
2.4. 3(I) Effects of Cooling Down
2.4. 3(ii) Importance of Cooling Down

3. SOCIOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION

3.1(i) Meaning of Sociological

(II) Importance of Sociology in Physical Education and Sports.

3.2 Games and Sports as man's is cultural Heritage.

3.3 Development of leadership Qualities

3.3(i) Meaning of leadership. Student leadership and Teacher leadership.
3.3(II) Function of Physical Education leader.
3.3(III) Qualities of Physical Education Leader.

PART-B 16 Marks

1. History of the game/sport

2. Latest general rules of the game/sport
3. Measurement of play fields and specifications of sports equipment.
4. Fundamental skills of the game/sport.
5. Related sports/Games terminologies.
6. Important tournaments and venues.
7. Latest Sports personalities.(Till 2018)
8. Sports Awards

PART-C 17 Marks

1. HEALTHFUL LIVING

1.1.(i) Concept of Environment.

1.1.(iI) Aims and Objective of Health Education
1.1.(iii) Principles of Health Education
1.1.(iv) Importance of Health Education
1.1.(v) Factors influencing Health Education

1.2. Scope of Environment- Living Environment-Work Environment-Leisure Activities.

1.3. Essential elements of healthful Environment, safe water, Low Level of noise, clean air,
sanitary surrounding, low level of radioactive radiations.
1.4. DISASTER PREPAREDNESS AND HEALTH CARE DURING DISASTER
1.4.(i) Meaning and types of disaster.
(ii) Causes, effects and management of disaster.
(iii) How to prepared for disaster.

2. FAMILY HEALTH EDUCATION

2.1.(i) Meaning and types of family

(ii) Function of a family
2.2.(i) Meaning of Adolescence
(ii) Problems of Adolescence and their management.
2.3 Human reproduction- menstruation conception and parental care.
2.4 Problems associated pre-marital sex and teenage pregnancies.
2.5 Preparation for marriage and parenthood.
2.6 Role of Parent in child care.

3. PREVENTION AND FIRST AID FOR COMMON SPORTS INJURIES

3.1. Soft tissue injuries-sprain and strain

3.2. Cause of injuries in sports.
3.3. Precautions to be taken by instruction and the Players.
3.4. Fracture, types, causes and treatments.
3.5. Joint injuries, types, cause and treatment of joint injuries.

PRACTICAL 26 MARKS

The activity syllabus has been divided into following four parts. The marks of each part
are as follows:

Part-A Track and Field (Two events) - 8 Marks

Part-B Games and Sports (One Game) - 4 Marks
Part-C Achievement in Sports - 10 Marks
Part-D Practical Note Book (Class Record) - 3 Marks

PART- A TRACK AND FIELD

Any two events may be opted. Each event will carry 4 marks out of which 2 marks are
for viva concerning athletics event selected by the candidate.
1. Sprints 100 meters or 200 meters or 400 meters.
2. Middle and Long distance running 800 meters or 1500* meters or 3000* meters
3. Broad Jump.
4. Triple Jump*
5. High Jump.
6. Shot Put.
7. Discuss throw.
8. Javelin Throw.
*denotes ‘for boys only’

PART- B TEAM GAMES

Any one game from Group A and B may be opted. The game will carry 4 marks out of
which 2 marks will be proficiency in the game and skills of the game.

Group A Group B
Hockey Badminton
Football* Wrestling*
Volley Ball Table Tennis
Basket Ball Boxing*
Kabaddi Rhythmic (Folk Dance, Drill & Marching)
Kho-Kho
Hand Ball
*denotes ‘for boys only’

PART C ACHIEVEMENT IN SPORTS

(Breakup of 10 marks shall be as follows)

1. School level participation 4
2. Zonal level participation 5
3. District level participation 7
4. State level participation 9
5. National level participation 10

PART D PRACTICAL NOTE BOOK

Practical Record (activities) 3 marks

 13.PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION
ONE PAPER 3 HOURS 85 MARKS

Some Aspects of Indian Administration :

UNIT 1 EVOLUTION OF INDIAN ADMINISITRATION :

Evolution and development of Central Administration in India (Mughal and British

Period) British influence on Indian administration and its legacies.

UNIT II INDIAN ADMINISTRATION AND CONSTITUTION :

Indian Administration and its social, Economical, Political, Legal and constitutional
influence. Legislative administration and financial relations between the Unions and the States.
Controversy regarding center-state relations.

UNIT III PERSONNEL ADMINISTRATION :

All India Services :- Characteristics, merits and demerits Recruitment and Training of I.A.S., I.P.S.
and I.F.S. (Forest) defects of Recruitment and Training in India. Role of U.P.S.C.

UNIT IV STATE ADMINISTRATION

Governor as Chief Executive. Administrative Secretariat. Role of Chief Secretary.

UNIT V ADMINISTRATION OF LOCAL GOVTS

Meaning, Features, Kinds (Panchayat, Panchyat Samiti, Zila Parishad, Municipal Committee and
Municipal Corporation). Role of B.D.O. and Executive Officers. Reasons for unsatisfactory
functions of Local Govts. and remedies.

UNIT VI DEVELOPMENT ADMINISTRATION :

Meaning, significance and essential factors for development administration. Composition and
functions of Planning Commission in India, NDC (National Development Council), Contributions
and problems of Public Sector in India.

(58)
UNIT VII FINANCIAL ADMINISTRATION :

Budget : Meaning , Kinds, Principles and Significance, Preparation of Budget.

UNIT VIII CITIZEN AND ADMINISTRATION :

Importance of citizen's participation in administration, causes of poor citizen's participation in

administration. Methods to make effective citizen's participation in India.

UNIT IX ADMINISTRATIVE TRIBUNALS :

Meaning, reasons for growth, advantages and disadvantages. Differences between

administrative tribunals and laws courts.

UNIT X ADMINISTRATIVE CORRUPTION :

Meaning, Causes and remedies, Ombudsman (Lokpal)

Central Vigilance Commission.

BOOKS RECOMMENDED :
Any book conforming to the syllabus.
 (59)

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 (61)
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Lka”kksf/krlaLdj.ke~½

(62)
 15.MUSIC (HINDUSTANI VOCAL)
MARKS 85
One Theory Paper Time : 3 Hours Marks 25

A. THEORY

1. (a) Definition of the following:

Varna, Grama, Murchana, Alankar, Gamaka, Khatka, Murki, Kan, laya and Tala.
(b) Classification of Ragas. Time theory of Rages.
2. (a) Brief history of ancient Hindustani Music with special reference to Sangeet Ratnakar.
(Brief history of medieval and modern period of Hindustani Music with special reference
of Sangeet Parijata and the works of Pt. Bhatkhande).
3. Description of the Ragas prescribed for Class XII Practical.
4. To recognize the Ragas from given passages of Swaras.
5. Writing of Notation of prescribed Songs and Talas.
6. Biography of Musicians.
1. Ustad Abdul Karim Khan (mLrkn vCnqy djhe [kku)
2. Ustad Fayaz Khan (mLrkn QS;kt [kku)
3. Pt. Krishan Rao Shankar (i- d`’.k jko “kadj)
4. Ustad Bade Ghulam Ali Khan (mLrkn cM+s xqyke vyh [kku)
5. Tyagaraj (R;kx jkt)
6. Purandan Ghosh (iqjUn ?kks’k)

B. One Practical Paper 60 Marks

PAPER:

1. (a) One Drut Khayal in Bihag, Bhairav, Kedar and Bhimpalasi with simple elaborations.
(b) One Tarana, one Dhrupada, one Dhamar in any prescribed raga.
(c) One Thumri or Dadra Style Composition in Khamaj or a devotional song.
(d) One Swarmalika in any Raga.

2. The recitation of Thekas Kehrwa, dadra, jhaptaal, Rupak Tilwada and Dhamar with
Dugun, keeping Tala with hand beats.

3. Ability to sing Aroha, Avaroha, Pakad and Simple Swar Vistar with Alap and Tana in the
prescrived Ragas.

4. Ability to recognise the prescribed Ragas from the passages of Swaras renedered by the
Examiner.
 (63)

HINDUSTANI MUSIC (VOCAL) PRACTICAL

GUIDELINES TO THE EXAMINER FOR EVALUATION OF PRACTICALS

One Practical Paper Marks : 60

TIME DURATION: 20 TO 30 MINUTES PER CANDIDATE:

GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS:

1. Examiners are requested to ask the questions directly related to the syllabus.
2. Marks should be awarded in accordance with the marking scheme.

DISTRIBUTION OF MARKS

S. No. Value Points Marks

1. Tunning of Tanpura and questions regarding Tanpura. 04+04 = 08
2. Choice Raga (Vilambit and Drut Khayal) (8+4) = 12
3. Examiners Choice Drut Khayal 08
4. One Dhrubad or One Dhamar 10
5. Compositions in Raga Khamaj 04
6. Identification of Swaras & Ragas 05+05 = 10
7. Identification of Tala Played on Tabla 04
8. Reciting the Theka of a Tala with hand beats 04

LIST OF QUESTIONS FOR THE GUIDANCE OF THE EXAMINERS

1. Tuning of Tanpura : The student may be asked to tune the Tanpura Some questions to
be asked regarding Tanpura (Parts of Tanpura)
2. Choice Raga: The student may be asked to sing a Raga prescribed in the syllabus of
his/her own choice. Choice Raga with Vilambit Khyal & Drut Khyal with simple Alap &
Tanas in Akar Before performing the Raga, they may be asked to sing aroha, Avaroha
and Pakad of the Raga.
3. Other Drut Khyals: It is examiner’s choice, he/she may ask one or two Drut Khyals with
Aroha, Avaroha, Pakad and simple elaboraton in medium and fast tempo.
4. Dhrupad/Dhamar: It is examiner’s choice, he/she may ask the student to sing Dhrupad
or Dhamar with Dugun and Chaugun.
5. Tarana: The Student may be asked to sing Tarana in any prescrived Raga with medium
and fast tempo.
6. Composition in Raga Khamaj: The student may be asked to sing composition in Raga
Khamaj (in Thumri style or dadra style).
 (64)

7. Identification of Swaras and Ragas: The students may be asked to identify the pattern
of Swaras and Ragas sung in Akar by the examiner.
8. Identification of Talas: The student should be asked to recognise the Tala, Played on
Tabla. The examiner can ask the student to identify more than one tala.
9. Reciting of Theka: The examiner may ask the student to recite the theka of any Tala in
Thah (barabar) and Dugun with hand beats.

(B) HINDUSTANI (INSTRUMENTAL MELODIC)

One Theory Paper 3 Hours Marks: 25

A. THEORY:

1. (a) Definition of the following:-

Grama, Murchana, Varna, Alankar, Gamaka, Krintan, Zamzama..
(b) Classification of Ragas, Time theory of Ragas.
2. (a) Brief history of Ancient Hindustani Music with special reference to Sangeet Ratnakar.
(b) Brief history of medieval and Modern period of Hindustani Music with special reference
to Sangeet Parijata and works of Pt. V.N. Bhatkhande.
(c) Description of the Ragas Prescribed for Class-XII Practical.
3. Description and construction of instruments opted, along with the basic techniques of
playing.
4. To Recognise the Ragas from given passages of Swaras
5. Writing Notation of compositions (Gat) and Talas.
6. Biographies of Musicians.
(a) Tansen - rkulsuA
(b) Ustad Inayat Khan - mLrkn buk;r [kkuA
(c) Ustad Mushtaq Alikhan - mLrkn eq”rkd vyh[kk¡A
(d) Ustad Alauddin Khan - vykÅ)hu [kk¡A
(e) Alladia Khan - vYykf);k [kk¡A
One Practical Paper Marks 60

B. Practical Paper
1. (a) One Razakhani gat in Bhairav, Bihag, Kedar and bhimpalasi with elaborations (Toda
and Jhala) with Sthaya and Antara.
(b) Two Masitkhani compositions (gats) in a prescrived Raga with elaborations.
(c) One composition in Khamaj in Thumri style or Dhun.
(d) Ability to produce Meend in any prescribed Raga of minimum two swaras.
(e) One composition in Ektala and one in Jhaptala.

(65)
2. Ability to play Aroha, Abaroha, Pakad, Simple Swara-Vistars with Alap and Toda in the
prescribed Ragas.
3. Ability to recite Thekas of Jhaptal, Rupak, Tilwada and Dhamar with Dugun, keeping tala
with hand beats.
4. Ability to recognise the prescribed Ragas from passages of Swaras sung or played by the
examiner.
5. To recognize the Swaras.

HINDUSTANI MUSIC (INSTUMENTAL) MELODIC PRACTICAL GUIDELINES TO THE EXAMINER

FOR EVALUATION OF PRACTICALS
One Practical Paper Marks: 60

Time Duration: 20 to 30 minutes for each candidate.

GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS:

1. Examiners are requested to ask the questions directly related to the syllabus.
2. Marks should be awarded in accordance with the marking scheme.
DISTRIBUTION OF MARKS:

Sr. No. Value Points Marks

1 Tunning of Instrument and questions regarding instrument 4+4 08
2 Choice Raga (Masit Khani Gat & Razakhani) (8+4) 12
3 Razakhani Gat with Toda & Jhala of Examiners choice 04
4 To play Swara-vistar in a Raga of Examiners choice 08
5 Meend of Swaras 05
6 Composition of Raga Khamaj 05
7 Identifying of the Swaras and Raga 10
8 Identification of Tala played on Tabla 04
9 Reciting the Theka of a Tala with hand beats. 04

GUIDELINES FOR THE EXAMINERS

1. Tuning of Instrument: The student should be asked to tune his/her instrument. Some
questions to be asked regarding instruments (Parts of the instrument).
2. Choice Raga: The student should be asked to play a Raga of his/her own choice prescribed in
the syllabus. Choice Raga-Masit Khani Gat and Raza Khani Gat with alap, Toda and Jhala
Before performing the Raga, the student may be asked to play aroha, Abaroha and Pakad of
the Raga.
3. Raza Khani Gat: It is examiner’s choice, he/she may ask the student to play any Masit-Khani
Gat on his/her instrument with Alap and Tan, Toda in Chaugun.

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4. Swara Vistar: The examiner may ask the student to play swar vistar in a Raga of examiner’s
choice.
5. Meend of Swaras: The student may be asked to play a few simple Alaps using Meend on
instrument (Meend upto two swaras)
6. Composition in Khamaj: The Student may be asked to play composition in Raga Khamaj on
instrument.
7. Identify the Raga from the passages of Swaras played by the examiners (Rag Pehcham)
8. Identification of Tala: The student may asked to identify the Tala played on Tabla. The
examiner can ask the student to identify more than one Tala.
9. Reciting of Theka: The examiner may ask the student to recite the Theka (of examiner’s
choice of any of Thah, Barabar) Dugun and chaugun with hand beats.
10. Simple question about Raga: The examiner may ask simple question about any prescribed
Raga i.e. Jati, Vadi, Samavadi, thata, time of singing, Varjit swaras etc.

(C) HINDUSTANI (INSTRUMENTAL PERCUSSION)

(TABLA OR PAKHAWAJ)

ONE THEORY PAPER MARKS : 25 3 HOURS

A. THEORY

1. (a) Definition of the following terms.

Verna, Alankar, (Gamaka, Krintan, zamzama) Zarab, Kala, Kriya Anga, Peshkar,
Chakkardar, (Classification of ragas. Time Theory of Ragas) and Rela & Paran.
(b) Comparative study of smantar Talas
(a) Chautal Ektal
(b) Jhaptal-Sul Tal
(c) Dhamar-Chautal
(c) Classificaton of Jatis of different patterns
(d) Classification of Layakari.
2. (a) Brief history of Ancient Hindustani Music with special reference to sangeet
Ratnakara.
(b) Brief history of medieval and modern period of Hindustani Music with special
reference to sangeet Parijat and the works of Pt. V. N. Bhaatkhande.
3. Description of talas prescribed for class XII practical.
4. Writing Notation of the prescribed talas.
5. Recognition of talas from given portion of the Thekas.

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One Practical Paper Marks 60

B. PRACTICAL ACTIVITIES
1. Playing the thakas of Jhaptal and Rupak or sool tala and chautal Tala on Tabla with
simple elaborations.
2. 2 Peshkaras 2 Qayadas, 2 Tukras and a few gats in Tental, Ektal and Jhaptal or
chautal and Dhamar.
3. Playing the Thekas of rupak, Tilwara in Chautaal and dhamar with dugun and
chaugun, with Mukhda and Tihai.
4. Recitation of the prescribed talas with dugun and chaugun keeping tala with hand
beats.
5. A few simple laggis is Dadra tala or chutal on Pakhawaj.
6. Knowledge of tunning of the instrument.

HINDUSTANI MUSIC (INSTRUMENTAL PERCUSSION PRACTICAL) GUIDELINES TO THE

EXAMINERS FOR EVALUATION OF PRACTICALS

One Practical Paper 60 Marks

Time Duration: 20 to 30 minutes each candidate

GENERAL INSTUCTIONS:

1. Examiners are requested to ask question directly related to the syllabus.

2. Marks should be given in accordance with the marking scheme.

DISTRIBUTION OF MARKS

Sr. NO. Value Points Marks

1. Tuning of Instrument and question regarding 18
instrument
2. Choice Tala 18
3. Tala of Examiner’s choice 08
4. Tala in Dugun, Chaugun with Mukhda & Tihai 08
5. Reciting of Tala with hand beats 08
Total 60

(68)
LIST OF QUESTIONS FOR THE GUIDANCE OF THE EXAMINER

1. Tuning of Instrument: The students should be asked to tune the instrument. Some
questions should be asked regarding instruments.
2. Choice Tala: The student should be asked to play the tala of his/her own choice
(Prescribed in the syllabus) with elaborations, Peshkar, Quayada, gat, Tikra and Tihai.
3. Tala of Examiner’s choice: The student should be asked to play the tala of examiner’s
choice with elaborations (Teen Tala/Jhap Tala/Ek Tala/Roopak Tala)
4. Tala in Dugun Chaugan with Mukhda and Tihai: (Examiner’s choice) The examiner may
ask to play any (Roopak/Tilwara/Chautala/Dhamar Tala)
5. To recite the Tala with hand beats: The student should be asked recite the theka of Tala
in Than, (Barabar) Dugun and chaugun hand boats. The Examiner may ask the student to
play more than tala.
6. Laggi in Dadra Tal: The student should be asked to play accompaning a song set to
Dadra Tala sung by the examiner.
7. Questions regarding Laya & Tala: Some questions should be asked regarding Laya
(Vilambit Madhya and Drut Laya) and Tala (Roopak, Jhaptal, Ektal, etc.)

BOOK RECOMMENDED

Any book confirming to the syllabus.

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 16.DANCE

One Theory Paper Time : 3 Hours Marks : 25

1. A brief history and acquaintance with the classical styles or folk forms prevalent in the
region, other than the one offered for study.
2. Acquaintance with the history of the chief exponents past and present of the dance
form.
3. Aquaintance with the contents of the Abhinaya Darpana.
4. Knowledge of the following terms :
(i) Nirtta, Nritya, Natya Tandava, Lasya.
(ii) Anga, Upanga, Pratyanga.
(iii) Sthana, Chari, Gati, Mandla, Karna, Bhramari, Utplavana.
(iv) Abhinaya (Angika, Vachika, Satvika, Acharya) with special reference to Hasta-
Abhinaya, Mukhaja abhinay and Netra-Abhinaya.
(v) Sangeet, Tala, Laya.
(vi) Rasa, Sthyibhava, Sanchribhava.

5. Knlowedge of the Technical Terminology of the dance form.

(a) Definition of the following :
(i) Vandana,
(ii) Tthaat
(iii) Aamad,
(iv) Toda/Tukra,
(v) Paran,
(vi) Chakardar Toda and Paran,
(vii) Gatnikas,
(viii) Gatbhav,
(ix) Tala,
(x) Teen Tala,
(xi) Jhaptala.
(b) Knowledge of Thaka of Dadra, Kaharwa, Roopak.
(c) Definitions of Tali, Khali, Sam, Tihayee.
(d) Ability of notate a Tukra/Toda, Paran alongwith its basic Tala.

6. Acquaibtance with the traditional costumes make up of the dance type offered.

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One Practical Paper 60 Marks

1. Practical of the Tatkara to teentala in all layas.

2. The students should know all the techniques and compositions of the following :-
(i) Vanda 01
(ii) Ganesh Paran 01
(iii) Tthaat 01
(iv) Aamad 02
(v) Fast Aamad 02
(vi) Pramalu 02
(vii) Tihayee 04
(viii) Gatbav 03
(ix) Parhant of Tukra/Toda, Paran learnt with Tala 01

Note :- 1. The student should be taught some of these composition in

Jhaptaal.
2. Ability to improvise in Nritta and Abhinaya.
3. Parhant (recitation of bols) to the basic thetka of all composition learnt.
4. Ability to play the 'theka' of teentala and jhaptala on the table.

One Theory Paper 3 Hours 25 Marks

1. A brief history and acqaintance with other classical styles or folk-form prevalent in
the region, other than the one offered for study.
2. Acquaintance with life history of the chief exponents past and present of the Dance
form.
3. Acquaintance with contents of the Abhinaya Darpana.
4. Knowledge of the following terms :-
(i) Nritta, Nritya, Natya, Tandava, Lasya.
(ii) Anga, Upanga, Pratyanga.
(iii) Sthana, Chari, Mandala, Karna, Bhramari, Utplavana.
(iv) Abhinaya, (Angika, Vachika, Satvika, Acharya) with special reference to Hasta-
Abhinya, Mukhaja abhinaya and Netra abhinaya.
(v) Sangeet, Tala, Laya.
(vi) Rasa, Sthayibhava, Sancharibhava.
5. Knowledge of the Technical Terminology of the particular Dance form (Any one to be
studied in accordance with the Dance style offered).

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 (a) Definitions of the following:
Adavu, Korvai, Jati, Teermarnam Sollukattu, Aridi, Usi, Tattukkarhi, Nattuvangam,
Attami, Arainadi, Arangetram.
(b) Ability to write a korvai with Adavu syllabus.
6. Acquaintance with traditional costumes, make up of the Dance type offered.

One Practical Paper 60 Marks

1. Revision of all the adavus in class XI
2. Jatiswaram 01
3. Sabdam 01
4. Padam of Kitanam 02
5. Tillana 01
6. Tala, Triputa tala and ability to repeat the adavua syllables in rupak a and Triputa talas
and of the korvais of the Jatiswaram and Tillana in their respective talas. Knowledge of
the Sapta tale with claping.
7. Hastas-Viniyogas of 10 Asamyata and 5 Samuta Hastas, Deva Hastas (all abhinaya
darpanam).
8. Knowledge of the Pada Bhedas, Mandalams Bhramaris and Utplavanas occurring in the
items learnt (abhinaza darpanam).
9. Basic Knowledge in music-Preferably Karnataka Music.
10. One folk Dance of the region.
11. Ability ot improvise korvais on Aadi tala and Abhinaya on simple songs.

Note:- Students will be examined in all the technique and compositions, he has learnt
in class XI.

BOOKS RECOMMENDED:
Any book confirming to the syllabus

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 17.PHYSICS
Senior secondary stage of school education is a stage of transition from general education to
discipline-based focus on curriculum. The present update syllabus keeps in view the rigour and
depth of disciplinary approach as well as the comprehension level of learners. Due care has also
been taken that the syllabus is not heavy and is at the same time, comparable to the
international standards. Salient features of the syllabus include:

 Emphasis on basic conceptual understanding of the content.

 Emphasis, on use of SI units, symbols, nomenclature of physical quantities and formulations
as per international standards.
 Providing logical sequencing of the units of the subject matter and proper placement of
concepts with their linkage for better learning.
 Reducing the curriculum load by eliminating overlapping of concepts/content within the
discipline and other disciplines.
 Promoting process-skills, problems-solving abilities and applications of Physics concepts.

Besides, the syllabus also attempts to:

 Strengthen the concepts developed at the secondary stage to provide firm foundation for
further learning in the subject.
 Expose the learners to different processes used in Physics-related industrial and
technological applications.
 Develop process-skills and experimental, observational, manipulative, decision making and
investigatory skills in the learners.
 Promote problem solving abilities and creative thinking in learners.
 Develop conceptual competence in the learners and make them realize and appreciate the
interface of Physics with other disciplines.

THEORY

One Paper Time: 3 Hrs 60 Marks

Unit-I Electrostatics 07
Unit-II Current Electricity 07
Unit-III Magnetic effect of current & Magnetism 07
Unit-IV Electromagnetic Induction and Alternating Current 07
Unit-V Electromagnetic Waves 03
Unit-VI Optics 12
Unit-VII Dual Nature of Matter 03
Unit-VIII Atoms and Nuclei 04
Unit-IX Electronic Devices 06
Unit-X Communication Systems 04
 Total 60

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Unit I: Electrostatics

Electric Charges; Conservation of charge, Coulomb’s law-force between two point

charges, forces between multiple charges; superposition principle and continuous charge
distribution.
Electric field, electric field due to a point charge, electric field lines, electric dipole, electric field
due to a dipole; torque on a dipole in uniform electric field.
Electric flux, statement of Gauss’s theorem and its applications to find field due to infinitely
long straight wire, uniformly charged infinite plans sheet and uniformly charged thin spherical
shell (field inside and outside).
Electric potential, potential difference, electric potential due to a point charge, a dipole and
system of charges; equipotential surfaces, electrical potential energy of a system of two point
charges and of electric dipole in an electrostatic field.
Conductors and insulators, free charges and bound charges inside a conductor; Dielectrics and
electric polarization, capacitor and capacitance, combination of capacitors in series and in
parallel, capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor with and without dielectric medium between
the plates; energy stored in a capacitor. Van de Graaff generator.

Unit II : Current Electricity

Electric current, flow of electric charges in a metallin conductor, drift velocity and mobility, and
their relation with electric current; Ohm’s law, electrical resistance, V-I characteristics, (linear
and non-linear) electrical energy and power, electrical resistivity and conductivity, Carbon
resistors, colour code for carbon resistors; series and parallel combinations of resistors;
temperature dependence of resistance.
Internal resistance of a cell, Potential difference and emf of a cell, combination of cells in series
and in parallel.
Kirchhoff’s laws and simple applications, Wheatstone bridge, Metre bridge.
Potentiometer- principle and its applications to measure potential difference, and for
comparing emf of two cell; measurement of internal resistance of a cell.

Unit III : Magnetic Effect of Current and Magnetism

Concept of magnetic field, Oersted’s experiment.

Biot-Savart law, and its application to current carrying circular loop.
Ampere’s law and its applications to infinitely long straight wire, straight and tropical solenoids.
Force on a moving charge in uniform magnetic and electric fields Cyclotron.
Force on a moving charge in uniform magnetic and electric fields Cyclotron.
Force on a current-carrying conductor in a uniform magnetic field. Force between two parallel
current-carrying conductors-definition of ampere. Torque experienced by a current loop in
uniform magnetic field; moving coil galvanometer-its current sensitivity and conversion to
ammeter and voltmeter.
Current loop as a magnetic dipole and its magnetic dipole moment; Magnetic dipole moment of
a revolving electron; Magnetic field intensity due to a magnetic dipole (bar magnet) along its
axis and perpendicular to its axis. Torque on a magnetic dipole (bar magnet) in a uniform
magnetic field; bar magnet as an equivalent solenoid, magnetic field lines; Earth’s magnetic

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field and magnetic elements; Para, dia and ferro-magnetic substances with examples,
Electromagnets and factors affecting their strengths Permanent magnets.
Unit IV: Electromagnetic Induction and Alternating Current

Electromagnetic induction, Faraday’s laws, Induced emf and current, Lenz’s law, Eddy currents,
Self and mutual inductance.
Need for displacement current.
Alternating currents, peak and rms value of alternating current/voltage, reactance and
impedance; LC oscillations, (qualitative treatment only), LCR series circuit, resonance; Power in
AC circuits, wattles current.
AC generator and transformer.

Unit V Electromagnetic Waves

Electromagnetic waves and their characteristics (qualitative ideas only); Transverse nature of
electromagnetic waves.
Electromagnetic spectrum (radio-waves, microwaves, infrared, visible, ultraviolet, X-rays,
gamma rays) including elementary facts about their uses;

Unit VI : Optics

Reflections of light, spherical mirrors, mirror formula. Refraction of light total internal
reflection and its applications, optical fibers, refraction at spherical surfaces, lenses, thin lens
formula, lens-maker’s formula. Magnification, power of a lens, combination of thin lenses in
contact. Refraction and dispersion of light through a prism.
Scattering of light- blue colour of the sky and reddish appearance of the sun at sun rise and
sunset.
Optical instruments – Human eye, image formation and accommodation, correction of eye
defects (myopia, hypermetropia, presbyopia and astigmatism) using lenses. Microscopes and
astronomical telescopes (reflection and refraction) and their magnifying powers.

Wave Optics – Wave front and Huygen’s principle; reflection and refraction of plane wave at a
plane surgace using wave fronts. Proof of laws of reflection and refraction using Huygen’s
principle. Interference- Young’s double slit experiment and expression for fringe width,
coherent sources and sustained interference of light. Diffraction due to a single slit, width of
central maximum. Resolving power of microscopes and astronomical telescopes. Polarisation,
plane polarized light, Brewster’s Law; uses of plane Polarized light and Polaroid.

Unit VII : Dual Nature of Matter and Radiation

Dual nature of radiation. Photoelectric effect, Hertz and Lenard’s observation; Einstein’s
photoelectric equation-particle nature of light.
Matter waves – wave nature of particles, de-Broglie relation, Davisson Germer experiment.
 (75)

Unit VIII : Atomic & Nuclei

Alpha-particle scattering experiment, Rutherford’s model of atom; Bohr model, energy levels,
hydrogen spectrum.
Composition and size of nucleus, atomic masses, isotopes, isobars, isotones, Radioactivity-
alpha, beta and gamma particles/rays and their properties; radioactive decay law. Mass-energy
relation, mass defect, binding energy per nucleon and its variation with mass number, nuclear
fission and fusion.

Unit IX : Electronic Devices

Semiconductors; Semiconductor diode-I-V characteristics in forward and reverse bias, diode as

a rectifier; I-V characteristics of LED, photodiode, solar cell, and Zener diode; Zener diode as a
voltage regulator. Junction transistor, transistor action, characteristics of transistor; transistor
as an amplifier (common emitter configuration) and oscillator. Logic gates (OR, AND, NOT,
NAND, and NOR): Transistor as a switch.

Unit X : Communication Systems

Elements of a communication systems (block diagram only); bandwidth of signals (speech, TV

and digital data); bandwidth of transmission medium. Propagation of electromagnetic waves in
the atmosphere, sky and space wave propagation. Need for modulation. Production and
detection of an amplitude-modulated wave.

PRACTICALS
Every student will perform 10 experiments (5 from each section) and 8 activities (4 from each
section) during the academic year. Two demonstration experiments must be performed by the
teacher with participation of students. The students will maintain a record of these
demonstration experiments.

B. Evaluation Scheme for Practical Examination:

 One experiment from any one Section 7 Marks
 Two activities (One from each section) 3 + 3 = 6 Marks
Practical record (experiments & activities) 5 Marks
 Record of demonstration experiments & Viva based on these experiments 2 Marks
 Viva on experiments and activities 5 Marks
Total 25 Marks

SECTION A
EXPERIMENTS

1. To determine resistance per cm of a given wire by plotting a graph of potential difference

versus current.
2. To find resistance of a given wire using meter bridge and hence determine the specific
resistance of its material.
3. To verify the laws of combination (series/parallel) of resistances using a meter bridge.

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4. To compare the emf of two given primary cells using potentiometer.
5. To determine the internal resistance of given primary cell using potentiometer.
6. To determine resistance of a galvanometer by half-deflection method and to find its figure
of merit.
7. To convert the given galvanometer (of known resistance of figure of merit) into an
ammeter and voltmeter of desired range and to verify the same.
8. To find the frequency of the a.c. mains with a sonometer.

ACTIVITIES

1. To measure the resistance and impedance of an inductor with or without iron core.
2. To measure resistance, voltage (AC/DC), current (AC and check continuity of a given circuit
using multimeter.
3. To assemble a household circuit comprising three bulbs, three (on/off) switches, a fuse
and a power source.
4. To assemble the components of a given electrical circuit.
5. To study the variation in potential drop with length of a wire for a steady current.
6. To draw the diagram of a given open circuit comprising at least a battery,
resistor/rheostat, key, ammeter and voltmeter. Mark the components that are not
connected in proper order and correct the circuit and also the circuit diagram.

SECTION B
EXPERIMENTS

1. To find the value of v for different values of u in case of, a concave mirror and to the find
the focal length.
2. To find the focal length of a convex lens by plotting graphs between u and v or between
I/u and 1/v.
3. To find the focal length of a convex mirror, using a convex lens.
4. To find the focal length of a concave lens, using a convex lens.
5. To determine angle of minimum deviation for a given prism by plotting a graph between
angle of incidence and the angle of deviation.
6. To determine refraction index of a glass slab using a travelling microscope.
7. To find refractive index of a liquid by using (i) concave mirror, (ii) convex lens and plane
mirror.
8. To draw the I-V characteristic curve of a p-n junction in forward bias and reverse bias.
9. To draw the characteristic curves of a zener diode and to determine its reverse break
down voltage.
10. To study the characteristics of a common-emitter npn or pnp, transistor and to find out
the values of current and voltage gains.

ACTIVITIES

1. To study effect of intensity of light (by varying distance of the source) on an L.D.R.
2. To identify a diode, an LED, a transistor, and IC, a resistor and a capacitor from mixed
collection of such items.

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3. Use of multimeter to
(i) Identify base of transistor
(ii) Distinguish between npn and pnp type transistors
(iii) See the unidirectional flow of current in case of a diode and an LED.
(iv) Check whether a given electronic components (e.g. diode, transistor or I C ) is in
working order.
4. To observe refraction and lateral deviation of beam of light incident obliquely o glass slab.
5. To observe polarization of light using two Polaroid.
6. To observe diffraction of light due to a thin slit.
7. To study the nature and size of the image formed by (i) convex lens (ii) concave mirror, on
a screen by using a candle and a screen (for different distances of the candle from the
lens/mirror).
8. To obtain a lens combination with the specified focal length by using two lenses from the
given set of lenses.

BOOKS RECOMMENDED:

Physics Part-I
Published by NCERT New Delhi.
Physics part-II
 (78)

18.CHEMISTRY
RATIONAL

Higher secondary is the most crucial stage of school education because at this juncture
specialized discipline based, content-oriented courses are introduced. Students reach this stage
after 10 years of general education and opt for chemistry with a purpose of pursuing their
career in basic sciences or professional courses like medicine, engineering, technology and
study courses in applied areas of science and technology at tertiary level. Therefore, there is a
need to provide learners with sufficient conceptual background of Chemistry, which will make
them competent to meet the challenges of academic and professional courses after the higher
secondary stage.

The new and updated curriculum is based on disciplinary approach with rigor and depth
taking care that the syllabus is not heavy and at the same time it is comparable to the
international level. The knowledge related to the subject of chemistry has undergone
tremendous changes during the past one decade. Many new areas like synthetic materials, bio-
molecules, natural resources, industrial chemistry are coming in a big way and deserve to be an
integral part of chemistry syllabus at senior secondary stage. At international level, new
formulations and nomenclature of elements and compounds, symbols and units of physical
quantities floated by scientific bodies like IUPAC and CGPM are of immense importance and
need to be incorporated in the updated syllabus. The revised syllabus takes care of all these
aspects. Greater emphasis has been laid on use of new nomenclature, symbols and
formulations, teaching of fundamental concepts, applications of concepts in chemistry to
industry/technology, logical sequencing of units, removal of obsolete content and repetition
etc.

OBJECTIVES

The board objectives of teaching Chemistry at Senior Secondary Stage are to help the
learners:

 To promote understanding of basic facts and concepts in chemistry while retaining the
excitement of chemistry.
 To make students capable of studying chemistry in academic and professional courses (such
as medicine technology) at tertiary level.
 To expose the students to various emerging new areas of chemistry and apprise them with
their relevance in their future studies and their application in various spheres of chemical
sciences and technology.

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 To equip students to face various, changes related to health, nutrition, environment,
population, weather, industries and agriculture.
 To develop problem solving skills in students.
 To expose the students to different processes used in industries and their technological
applications.
 To apprise students with interface of chemistry with other disciplines of science such as
physics, biology, geology, engineering etc.
 To acquaint students with different aspects of chemistry used in daily life.
 To develop an interest in students to study chemistry as a discipline.

(THEORY)

One Paper Time: 3 Hours 60 Marks

Unit No. Title Marks

Unit I Solid State 03
Unit II Solutions 04
Unit III Electrochemistry 05
Unit IV Chemical Kinetics 04
Unit V Surface chemistry 03
Unit VI General Principles and processes of Isolation Elements 02
Unit VII p-Block Elements 06
Unit VIII d- and f-Block Elements 05
Unit IX Coordination Compounds 03
Unit X Haloalkanes and Haloarenes 04
Unit XI Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers 04
Unit XII Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic acids 05
Unit XIII Organic Compounds containing Nitrogen 04
Unit XIV Biomolecules 03
Unit XV Polymers 03
Unit XVI Chemistry in Everyday life 02
Total 60

Unit I: Solid State

Classification of Solids based on different binding forces: molecular, ionic covalent and metallic
solids, amorphous and crystalline solids (elementary idea), unit cell in two dimensional and
three dimensional lattices, calculation of density of unit cell, packing in solids, voids, number of
atoms per unit cell in a cubic unit cell, point defects, electrical and magnetic properties.

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Unit II: Solutions

Types of solutions, expression of concentration of solutions of solids in liquids, solubility of

gases in liquids, solid solutions, colligative properties-relative lowering of vapour pressure,
elevation of B.P. depression of freezing point, osmotic pressure, determination of molecular
masses using colligative properties, abnormal molecular mass.

Unit III: Electrochemistry

Redox reactions, conductance in electrolytic solutions, specific and molar conductivity

variations of conductivity with concentration, Kohlrausch’s Law, electrolysis and laws of
electrolysis (elementary idea), dry cell. Electrolytic cells and Galvanic cells; lead accumulator,
EMF of a cell standard electrode potential, Nernst equation and its application to chemical
cells, fuel cells; corrosion.

Unit IV: Chemical Kinetics

Rate of a reaction (average and instantaneous), factors affecting rates of reaction;

concentration, temperature, catalyst; order and molecularity of a reaction; rate law and specific
rate constant, integrated rate equations and half life (only for zero and first order reactions);
concept of collision theory (elementary idea, no mathematical treatment)

Unit V: Surface Chemistry

Adsorption- physisorption and chemisorptions factors affecting adsorption of gases of solids;

catalysis : homogenous and heterogeneous activity and selectivity : enzyme catalysis; colloidal
state : distinction between true solutions colloids and suspensions; lyophilic, lyophobic
multimolucular, and macromolecular colloids; properties of colloids; Tyndall effect, Brownian
movement, electrophoresis, coagulation; emulsion- types of emulsions.

Unit VI: General Principles and Processes of Isolation of Elements

Principles and methods of extraction- concentration, oxidation, reduction, electrolytic method

and refining; occurrence and principles of extraction of aluminum, copper, zinc and Iron.

Unit VII: p-Block Elements

Group 15 Elements: General introduction, electronic configuration, occurance oxidation states,

trends in physical and chemical properties; nitrogen- preparation, properties and uses :
compounds of nitrogen; preparation, properties of ammonia and nitric acid, oxides of nitrogen
(structure only); Phosphorous-allotropic forms : compounds of phosphorous: preparation and
properties of phosphine, halides (PCl3, PCl5) and oxoacids (elementary idea only)

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Group 16 Elements: General introduction, electronic configuration, oxidation states,
occurrence, trends in physical and chemical properties; dioxygen: preparation, properties and
uses; simple oxides; Ozone. Suphur-allotropic forms; compounds of sulphure : preparation,
properties and uses of sulphure dioxide: sulphuric acid: industrial process of manufacture,
properties and uses, oxoacids of sulphur (structures only).

Group 17 Elements: General introduction, electronic configuration, oxidation states,

occurrence, trends in physical and chemical properties; compounds of halogens : Preparation,
properties and uses of chlorine and hydrochloric acid, inter halogen compounds, oxoacids of
halogens (structure only)

Group 18 Elements: General introduction, electronic configuration. Occurrence, trends in

physical and chemical properties, uses.

Unit VIII: d and f-Block Elements

General introduction, electronic configuration, occurrence and characteristics of transition

metals, general trends in properties of the first row transition metals – metallic character,
ionization enthalpy, oxidation. States, ionic radii, colour catalytic property, magnetic properties,
interstitial compounds, alloy formation. Preparation and properties of K2 Cr2 O7 and KMnO4.

Lanthanoids- Electronic configuration, oxidation states, chemical reactivity and Lanthanoid

contraction.

Actinoids- Electronic configuration, oxidation states.

Unit IX: Coordination Compounds

Coordination Compounds – introduction, ligands and coordination number, colour, magnetic

properties and shapes, IUPAC nomenclature of mononuclear coordination compounds.
Bonding; isomerism, importance of coordination compounds (in qualitative analysis, extraction
of metals and biological system).

Unit X: Haloalkanes and Haloarenes

Haloalkanes:

Nomenclature, nature of C-X bond, physical and chemical properties, mechanism of

substitution reactions.

Haloarenes:

Nature of C-X bond, substitution reactions (directive influence of halogen for monosubstituted
compounds only)

Uses and environment effects of –dichloromethane, trichloromethane, tetrachloromethane,

iodoform, freons, DDT.

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Unit XI: Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers

Alcohols: Nomenclature, methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties (of primary
alcohols only); identification of primary, secondary and tertiary alcohols; mechanism of
dehydration, uses, some important compounds-methanol and ethanol.

Phenols: Nomenclature, methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties, acidic

nature of phenol, electrophillic substitution reactions, uses of phenols.

Ethers: Nomenclature, methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties, uses.

Unit XII Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids

Aldehydes and Ketones: Nomenclature, nature of carbonyl group, methods of preparation,

physical and chemical properties and mechanism of nucleophilic addition, reactivity of alpha
hydrogen in aldehydes; uses.

Carboxylic Acids: Nomenclature, acidic nature, methods of preparation, physical and chemical
properties; uses.

Unit XIII: Organic Compounds containing Nitrogen

Animes: Nomenclature, classification, structure, methods of preparation, Physical and chemical

properties, uses, identification of primary, secondary and tertiary amines.

Cyanides and Isocyanides: Will be mentioned at relevant places in context.

Diazonium Salts: Preparation, chemical reactions and importance in synthetic organic

chemistry.

Unit XIV: Biomolecules

Carbohydrates: Classification, (aldoses and ketoses) monsaccharides, (glucose and

fructose),oligosaccharides (sucross, lactose, maltose), polysaccharides (sarch, cellulose,
glycogen); importance.

Proteins: Elementary idea of α-amino acids: peptide bond, polypeptides, proteins, primary
structure, secondary structure, tertiary structures and quaternary structure (qualitative idea
only), denaturation of proteins: enzymes.

Vitamins: Classification and functions

Nucleic Acids: DNA & RNA.

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Unit XV: Polymers

Classification: natural and synthetic, methods of polymerization (addition and condensation),

copolymerization. Some important polymers: natural and synthetic like polythene, nylon,
polyesters, Bakelite, rubber.

Unit XVI: Chemistry in Everyday life

1. Chemicals in medicines: analygesics, tranquilizers, antiseptics, disinfectants, antimicrobials,

antifertility drugs, antibiotics, antacids, antihistamines.
2. Chemicals in food: preservatives, artificial sweetening agents.
3. Cleansing agents: soaps and detergents, cleansing action.

PRACTICAL

EVALUATION SCHEME FOR EXAMINATION MARKS

Volumetric Analysis 08 Marks
Salt Analysis 06 Marks
Content Based Experiment 03 Marks
Class Record and Viva 04 Marks
Investigatory Project 04 Marks
Total 25 Marks

PRACTICAL SYLLABUS

A. Surface Chemistry
(a) Preparation of one lyophilic and one lyophobic sol.
Lyophilic sol-Starch, egg albumin and gum.
Lyophobic sol-aluminum hydroxide, ferric hydroxide, arsensious sulphide.
(b) Study of the role of emulsifying agent in stabilizing the emulsions of different oils.

B. Chemical Kinetics
(a) Effect of concentration and temperature on the rate of reaction between sodium
thiosulphate and hydrochloric acid.
(b) Study of reaction rates of any one of the following:
(i) Reaction of iodide ion and with hydrogen peroxide at room temperature using
different concentration of iodide ions.
(ii) Reaction between potassium iodate, KIO3 and sodium sulphite
: (Na2 SO3) using starch solution as indicator (clock reaction).

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C. Thermochemistry

(a) Any one of the following experiments:

(i) Enthalpy of dissolution of copper sulphate or potassium nitrate.
(ii) Enthalpy of neutralization of strong acid (HCl) and strong base (NaOH)
(iii) Determination of enthalphy change during interaction (Hydrogen bond
formation) between acetone and chloroform.

D. Electochemistry

Variation of cell potential in Zn/Zn2+ǁCu2+/Cu with change in concentration of electrolytes

(CuSO4 or ZnSO4) at room temperature.

E. Chromatography

(i) Separation of pigments from extracts of leaves and flowers by pap chromatography
and determination of Rf values.
(ii) Separation of constituents present in an inorganic mixture containing cations only
(constituents having wide difference in Rf values to be provided)

F. Preparation of Inorganic Compounds

(i) Preparation of double salt of ferrous ammonium sulphate or potash alum.
(ii) Preparation of potassium ferric oxalate.

G. Preparation of Organic Compounds

Preparation of any two of the following compounds
(i) Acetanilide
(ii) Di-benzal acetone
(iii) p-Nitroacetanilide
(iv) Aniline yellow or 2-Napthol aniline dye.
(v) Iodoform

H. Test for the functional groups present in organic compounds:

Unsaturation, alcoholic, phenolic, aldehydic, ketonic, carboxylic and amino (primary groups)

I. Study of Carbohydrates, fats and proteins in pure form and detection of their presence in
given food stuffs.

(85)
J. Determination of concentration/molarity of KMnO4 solution by titrating it against a
standard solution of :
(i) Oxalic acid
(ii) Ferrous ammonium sulphate.
(Students will be required to prepare standard solutions by weighing themselves)

K. Qualitative analysis
 Determination of one cation and one anion in a given salt
Cations- Pb2+, Cu2+,As3+, Al3+, Fe3+, Mn2+, Zn2+, Co2+, Ni2+, Ca2+, Sr2+, Ba2+, Mg2+, NH4+
-
Anions- CO32-, S2-, SO32-, SO42-, NO2, NO3, Cl-, Br-, I-, PO43-; C2O42-, CH3COO

(Note Insoluble salts excluded)

PROJECT:

Scientific investigations involving laboratory testing and collecting information from other
sources.

A Few suggested Projects

Study of presence of oxalate ions in guava fruit at different stages of ripening.

Study of quantity of casein present in different samples of milk.
Preparation of soybean milk and its comparison with the natural milk with respect to curd
formation, effect of temperature, etc.
Study of the effect of potassium bisulphate as food preservative under various conditions
(temperature, concentration, time etc.)
Study of digestion of starch by salivary amylase and, effect of PH and temperature on it.
Comparative study of the rate of fermentation of following materials; wheat flour, gram flour,
Potato juice, carrot juice etc.
Extraction of essential oils present in Saunf (anised), Ajwain (carum), Illaichi (cardomam).
Study of common food adulterants in fat, oil, butter, sugar, turmeric powder, chilli powder and
pepper.
Note: Any other investigatory project, which involves about 10 period of work, can be
chosen with the approval of the teacher.

BOOKS RECOMMENDED:

Chemistry Part-I

Published by NCERT, New Delhi

Chemistry Part-II

(86)
 19.BIOLOGY
The present syllabus reinforces the ideas introduced in the lower classes while the
students learn new concepts besides getting an exposure to contemporary areas of the subject.
The syllabus also aims at emphasizing the underlying principles that are common to both
animals and plants as well as highlighting the relationship of biology with other areas of
knowledge. The format of the syllabus allows a simple, clear, consequential flow of concepts
without any jarring jumps. The syllabus also stresses the connection of the study of Biology to
real life problems, use of biological discoveries/innovations in everyday life-in environment,
nature, medicine, health and agriculture. The updated syllabus also focuses on reducing the
curriculum load while ensuring that ample opportunities and scope for learning and
appreciating basic concepts of the subject continues to be available within its framework.

The prescribed syllabus is expected to

 Promote understanding of basic principles of biology

 Learning of emerging knowledge and its relevance to individual and society.
 Encourage rational/specific attitude to issues related to population, environment and
development.
 Enhance awareness about environmental issues and problems and the appropriate
solutions.
 Create awareness amongst the learners about variations amongst the living and
developing respect for the diversities and to appreciate that the most complex biological
phenomenon are also built on essentially simple processes.
It is expected that the students would get an exposure to various branches of Biology in
the syllabus in a more contextual and friendly manner as they study its various units.

One Paper Time: 3 Hours 60 Marks

Unit Marks

1. Sexual reproduction 11
2. Genetics and evolution 17
3. Biology and human Welfare 10
4. Biotechnology and its applications 10
5. Ecology and environment 12
Total 60

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I. Sexual Reproduction
Pollination and Fertilization in Flowering plants.
Development of seeds and fruits.
Human reproduction: reproductive system in male and female, menstrual cycle.
Production of gametes, fertilization, implantation, embryo development, pregnancy and
parturition.

II. Genetics and evolution

Mendelian inheritance.
Chromosome theory of inheritance, deviations from Mendelian ratio (gene interaction-
incomplete dominance, co-dominance, complementary genes, multiple alleles).
Sex determination in human beings : XX,XY
Linkage and crossing over.
Inheritance pattern of haemophilia and blood groups in human beings.
DNA: replication, transcription, translations.
Gene expression and regulation.
Genome and human genome Project.
DNA fingerprinting.
Evolution: Theories and evidences.

III. Biology and Human Welfare

Animal Husbandry.
Basic concepts of immunology, Vaccines.
Pathogens, Parasites
Plant breeding, tissue culture, food production.
Microbes in household food processing, industrial production, sewage treatment and
ENE generation.
Cancer and AIDS.
Adolescence and drug/alcohol abuse.

IV. Biotechnology and ITS Applications

Recombinant DNA technology.
Applications in Health, Agriculture and Industry
Genetically modified (GM) organisms; biosafety issues.
Insulin and Bt cotton.

V. Ecology & Environment

Ecosystem : components, types and energy flow.

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 Species, population and community.
Ecological adaptations.
Centers of diversity and conservation of biodiversity National Parks and sanctuaries,
Environmental issues.

PRACTICALS

Time: 3 Hours 25 Marks

1. Two experiments 3+3=6

2. Slide preparation 4
3. Spotting 6
4. Investigatory project and viva based on the project 5
5. Record and Viva based on the experiment 4
Total 25

LIST OF EXPERIMENTS

1. Study pollen germination on a slide.

2. Collect and study soil from different sites and study them for texture and moisture
content.
3. Study the pH and Water holding capacity of soil. Correlate with the kinds of plants found
in them.
4. Collect water from different water bodies around you and study them for pH clarity and
presence of any living organisms.
5. Study the presence of suspended particulate matter in air at the two widely different
sites.
6. Study of plant population density by quadrat method.
7. Study of plant population frequency by quadrat method.

STUDY/OBSERVATION OF THE FOLLOWING (SPOTTING)

1. Study of flowers adapted to pollination by different agencies (weed, insect)

2. Study of pollen germination on a slide.
3. Study and identify stages of gamete development i.e. t.s. testis and t.s. ovary through
permanent slide.
4. Study meiosis in onion bud cell or grass hopper testis through permanent slide.
5. Study of t.s. of blastula through permanent slide.
6. Study Mendelian inheritance using seeds of different colour/size of any plant.
7. Study prepared prediqree charts of genetic traits such as rolling of tongue, blood
groups, widow’s peak, colour blindness.

(89)
8. Exercise on controlled pollination-emasculation, tagging and bagging.

9. To identify common diseases causing organism like Ascaris, Antamoeba, Plasmodium,

ringworm. Comment of symptoms of diseases that they cause through permanent slides
or specimens.
10. Study plants and animals found in xerophytic condition. Comment upon their
adaptation/ecosystem.
11. Study plants and animals found in aquatic conditions. Comment upon their
adaptation/ecosystem.
12. Study analogous and homologous organs in various plants and animals.

BOOKS RECOMMENDED

Biology Published by N.C.E.R.T. New Delhi

(90)
 20.ACCOUNTANCY
RATIONAL

The Course in Accountancy is introduced at +2 stage of Senior Secondary education, as

formal commerce education is provided after first ten years of schooling. With the fast
changing economic scenario and business environment in a state of continuous flux,
elementary business education along with accountancy as the language of business and as a
source of financial information has carved out a place for itself at the Senior Secondary stage.
Its syllabus content should give students a firm foundation in basic accounting principles and
methodology and also acquaint them with the changes taking place in the presentation and
analysis of accounting information, keeping view the development of accounting standards and
use of computers.

Against this background, the course puts emphasis on developing basic understanding
about the nature and purpose of the accounting information and its use in the conduct of
business operations. This would help to develop among students’ logical reasoning, careful
analysis and considered judgment.

Accounting as an information system aids in providing financial information. The

emphasis at Class XI is placed on basic concepts and process of accounting leading to the
preparation of accounts for a sole proprietorship firm. Computerized accounting is becoming
more and more popular with increasing awareness about use of computers in business. Keeping
this in view, the students are exposed compulsorily to the basic knowledge about computers
and its use in accounting in the same year.

In class XII, Accounting for Not for Profit Organizations and Partnership Firms are to be
taught as a compulsory part. Students will also be given an opportunity to understand further
about computerized Accounting System, as an optional course to Analysis of Financial
Statements.

OBJECTIVES

 To familiarize the students with accounting as an information system;

 To acquaint the students with basic concepts of accounting and accounting standards;
 To develop the skill of using accounting equation in processing business transactions;
 To develop an understanding about recording of business transactions and preparation
of financial statements;
 To enable the students with accounting for reconstitution of partnership firms;
 To enable the students of understand and analysis the financial statements; and
 To familiarize students with the fundamentals of computerized system of accounting.

(91)
One Paper 3 Hours 65 Marks

UNITS MARKS

Part A: ACCOUNTING FOR NOT FOR PROFIT ORGANISATIONS PARTNERSHIP FIRMS AND
COMPANIES

1. Accounting for not for profit organizations 8

2. Accounting for Partnership Firms 4
3. Reconstitution of Partnership 17
4. Accounting for share Capital and Debenture 21
Total 50

PART B: FINANCIAL STATEMENT ANALYSIS

5. Analysis of financial statements 9

6. Cash Flow Statement 6
One Paper 15
Project Work 20
Total 35

PART-A:

ACCOUNTING FOR NOT-FOR-PROFIT ORGANISATIONS, PARTNERSHIP FIRMS AND COMPANIES

Unit 1 : Accounting for Not-for-Profit Organizations

 Not for profit organisation: Meaning and examples.

 Receipts and payments: Meaning and concept of fund based accounting.
 Preparation of Income and Expenditure Account and Balance sheet from Receipt and
Payment Account with additional information.

Unit 2 : Accounting for Partnership Firms

 Nature of Partnership firm : Partnership Deed-meaning, importance.

 Final Accounts of Partnership : Fixed vs fluctuating Capital, Division of Profit among
partners, Profit and loss Appropriation Account.

Unit 3 : Reconstitution of Partnership

Changes in Profit Sharing Ratio among the existing partners-Sacrificing Ratio and Gaining
Ratio.

 Accounting for Revaluation of Assets and Liabilities and distribution of reserves and
Accumulated Profits.
(92)
 Goods Will : Nature, Factors affecting and methods of valuation: Average profit, Super
Profit and Capitalisation methods.
 Admission of a Partner: Effect of Admission of Partner, change in Profit sharing Ratio,
Accounting Treatment for Goodwill, Revaluation of Assets and liabilities, reserves
(Accumulated Profits) and adjustment of Capitals.
 Retirement/Death of a partner: Changer in Profit sharing ratio, accounting treatment of
goodwill, Revaluation of Assets and Liabilities, adjustment of accumulated Profits
(Reserves) and capitals.

Unit 4 : Accounting for share Capital and Debenture

 Share Capital : Meaning, Nature and Types.

 Accounting for share capital : Issue and Allotment of Equity and Preference shares:
Private placement of shares; over subscription and under subscription; issue at par,
premium and at discount; calls in advance, calls in arrears, issue of shares for
consideration other than cash.
 Forfeiture of shares: accounting treatment, re-issue of forfeited shares.
 Presentation of share Capital and Debenture in company’s Balance sheet.
 Issue of debenture-at par and premium; issue of debenture for consideration other than
cash.
 Redemption of debenture.
 Out of Proceeds of fresh issue, accumulated profits and sinking fund.

PART-B; FINANCIAL STATEMENT ANALYSIS

Unit 5: Analysis of Financial Statements

Financial statements of a company: Preparation of simple balance sheet of a company in the

prescribed form with major headings only.

Financial Statement Analysis: meaning, significance and purpose, limitations,

Tools for Financial Statement Analysis: Comparative Statements, Common Size Statements.

Accounting Ratios : Meaning and Objectives, types of ratios:

Liquidity Ratios : Current Ratio, liquidity ratio
Solvency Ratios: Debt of Equity, Total Assets of Debt, proprietary Ratio
Activity Ratios: Inventory Turnover, Debtors Turnover, Payables Turnover, Working
Capital Turnover, Fixed Assets Turnover, Current Assets Turnover.

Profitability Ratio: Gross Profit, Operating Ratio, Net Profit Ratio, Return on Investment,
Earning Per share, Dividend per share, Profit Earning Ratio.

(93)
Unit 6: Cash Flow Statement
 Cash Flow Statement: Meaning and objectives, Preparation, adjustments related to
depreciation, dividend and tax, sale and purchase of non-current assets (as per revised
standard issued by ICAI)

Unit 7: Project Work in Accounting

BOOKS RECOMMENDED:

Yks[kk”kkL= Hkkx A ds fy, ,d ikB~;iqLrd

ys[kk”kkL= Hkkx B ds fy, ,d IkkB~;iqLrd
Published by N.C.E.R.T. New Delhi
Accountancy book for Part A
Accountancy book for Part B

(94)
 21.BUSINESS STUDIES
RATIONABLE

The courses in Business Studies and Accountancy are introduced at +2 stage of Higher
Secondary Education as formal commerce education is provided after first ten years of
schooling. Therefore, it becomes necessary that instructions in this subject is given in such a
manner that students have a good understanding of the principles and practices bearing in
business (trade and industry) as well as their relationship with the society.

Business is a dynamic process that brings together technology, natural resources and
human initiative in a constantly changing global environment. To understand the framework in
which a business operates, a detailed study of the organization and management of business
processes and its interaction with the environment of business processes and its interaction
with the environment is required. Globalization has changed the way firms transact their
business. Information Technology is becoming a part of business operations in more and more
organizations. Computerized systems are fast replacing other systems. E-business and other
related concepts are picking up fast which need to be emphasized in the curriculum.

The course in Business Studies will prepare students to analysis, manage, evaluate and
respond to changes which affect business. It provides a way of looking at and interacting with
the business environment. It recognizes the fact that business influences and is influenced by
social, political, legal and economic forces. It allows students to appreciate that business is an
integral component of society and develops an understanding of many social and ethical issues.

Therefore, to acquire basic knowledge of the business world, a course in Business

Studies would be useful. It also informs students of a range of study and work options and
bridges the gap between school and work.

OBJECTIVES

 To develop in students an understanding of the processes of business and its

environment;
 To acquaint students with the dynamic nature and inter-dependent aspects of business;
 To develop an interest in the theory and practice of business, trade and industry;
 To familiarize candidates with theoretical foundations of organizing, managing and
handling operations of business firm;
 To help students appreciate the economic and social significance of business activity and
the social costs and benefits arising there from;

(95)
 To acquaint students with the practice of managing the operations and resources of
business;
 To prepare students to function more effectively and responsibly as consumers,
employers, employees and citizens;
 To help students in making the transition from school to the world of work including
self-employment;
 To develop in students a business attitude and skills to be precise and articulate.

One Paper 3 Hours 85 Marks

UNIT WISE WEIGHTAGE

UNITS MARKS

PART A: PRINCIPLES AND FUNCTIONS OF MANAGEMENT

1. Nature and Significance of Management 06

2. Principles of Management 06
3. Business Environment -
4. Planning 06
5. Organizing 08
6. Staffing 08
7. Directing 10
8. Controlling 06
Total 50

PART B: Business Finance and Marketing

9. Financial Management 10
10. Financial Markets 08
11. Marketing 12
12. Consumer Protecting 05
Total 35

PART A: PRINCIPLE AND FUNCTIONS OF MANAGEMENT

Unit 1: Nature and Significance of Management

 Management-concept, objectives, importance.

 Nature of management; Management as Science, Art, Profession.
 Levels of management-top, middle, supervisory (first level)
 Management function-planning, organizing, staffing, directing and controlling
 Coordination-nature and importance.
(96)
Unit 2: Principles of Management

 Principles of Management-meaning, nature and significance

 Fayol’s Principles of management.
 Taylor’s Scientific Management-Principles and techniques.

Unit 3: Business Environment

 Business Environment-meaning, nature and importance.

 Dimensions of Business Environment-Economic, Social, Technological, political and
Legal.
 Economic Environment in India; Impact of Government policy changes on business and
industry with special reference to adoption of the policies of liberalization, privatization
and globalization.

Unit 4: Planning

 Meaning features, importance, limitations

 Planning process.
 Types of Plans- Objectives, Strategy, Policy, Procedure, Method, Rule, Budget, Program.

Unit 5: Organizing

 Meaning and importance.

 Steps in the process of organizing.
 Structure of organization-functional and divisional.
 Formal and informal organization.
 Delegation: meaning, elements and importance.
 Decentralization: meaning and importance.
 Difference between delegation and decentralization.

Unit 6: Staffing

 Meaning, need and importance of staffing.

 Staffing as a part of Human Resource Management.
 Steps in staffing process.
 Recruitment-meaning and sources.
 Selection-meaning and process.
 Training and Development-meaning and need. Methods of training: job rotation,
apprenticeship, vestibule and internship.

(97)
Unit 7: Directing

 Meaning, importance and principles.

 Elements of Directing
- Supervision-meanings and importance
- Motivation-meaning and importance, Maslow’s hierarchy of needs; Financial and
non-financial incentives.
- Leadership-meaning, importance: qualities of a good leader.
- Communication-meaning and importance, formal and informal communication;
barriers to effective communication.

Unit 8: Controlling

 Meaning and importance

 Relationship between planning and controlling
 Steps in the process of control
 Techniques of controlling: budgetary control.

Part-B: Business Finance and Marketing

Unit 9: Financial Management

 Meaning, role, objectives of financial management

 Financial planning- meaning and importance
 Capital structure- meaning and factors
 Fixed and working Capital-meanings and factors affecting its requirements.

Unit 10: Financial Markets

 Concept of Financial Market: Money Market-nature, instruments

 Capital market: nature and types-primary and secondary market.
 Distinction between capital market and money market.
 Stock Exchange-meaning, functions, NSEI, OCTEL, Trading Procedure.
 Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI)-Objectives, Functions.

Unit 11: Marketing

 Marketing- meaning, functions and role

 Distinction between marketing and selling
 Marketing mix-concept and elements.
- Product-nature, classification, branding, labelling and packaging

(98)
 - Physical distribution: meaning, role; Channels of distribution-meaning, types,
factors determining choice of channels.
- Promotion-meaning and role, promotion mix, Role of Advertising and personal
selling; objections to Advertising.
- Price: factors influencing pricing

Unit 12: Consumer Protection

 Importance of consumer protection

 Consumer rights
 Consumer responsibilities
 Ways and means of consumer protection-Consumer awareness and legal
redressed with special reference to Consumer Protection Act.
 Role of consumer organizations and NGOs.

BOOKS RECOMMENDED:

O;Oklkf;d v/;;u Hkkx&1 vkSj Hkkx&2

Published by N.C.E.R.T. New Delhi

Business Studies Part-I and Part-II

(99)
 22.URDU (CORE)
One Paper 3 Hours 85 Marks

SECTION-A MARKS : 50

1. Reading Skills : 10

(i) Comprehension of an unseen passage (factual) of about 150

words followed by five questions.

2. Writing Skills : 40

(i) Essay 12
(ii) Letter writing (Personal, business and official connected with 08
daily life and application writing)
(iii) Precis Writing 08
(iv) Sentence making with the help of idiomatic phrases 08
(v) Advertisements 04

SECTION-B : MARKS : 35

A. Book 1 18
Jangal ki Ek Rat
(i) One out of two extracts from the prescribed book followed
by short answer type questions for comprehension. 06
(ii) One essay type question (100 words) on content/theme of
the prescribed book. 04
(iii) Four short answer type questions from the prescribed book 08

(B) Book - II

Heroine Ki Talash

(i) One Essay type questions (100 words) on theme/content 09

(ii) Four short answer type questions on characters/ events/
evaluative nature 08

Prescribed Text Book :

1. Jangal Ki Ek Rat by Rehan Ahmed Abbasi published by Maktaba Payam-e-Ta'

leem, N. Delhi.
2. Heroine Ki Talash by prof. M. Mujeeb published by Maktaba Jamia , New Delhi.

Recommended Book :

1. Urdu Qawaid, published by the NCERT , New Delhi.

(100)
 23.PHILOSOPHY
OBJECTIVES

Philosophy, a theoretical enterprise with practical applications, aims at understanding

the nature and meaning of life and reality. It is considered to be the mother of all branches of
knowledge. The nature of Philosophy is that in it no answer is left unquestioned. It attempts to
understand and explain the fundamental axioms and presuppositions which are taken for
granted by all branches of knowledge. The +2 syllabus is designed to give the students a glimpse
of the nature of problems and the way they are dealt within its various branches-Logic, Ethics,
Classical Indian Philosophy and Western Philosophy.

(THEORY)

One Theory 85 Marks

UNIT WISE WEIGHTAGE

UNITS MARKS

A. INDIAN PHILOSOPHY 45
1. Nature and Schools of Indian Philosophy: some basic Issues 9
2. Philosophy of the Bhagwad Gita; Karma Yoga 9
3. Buddhism, Jainism 9
4. Nyaya, Vaisesika and Samkhya-yoga 9
5. Advaita Vedanta 9

B. WESTERN PHILOSOPHY 40
6. Knowledge and truth 8
7. The causal Principle 8
8. Nature of Reality 8
9. Realism and Idealism 8

C. APPLIED PHILOSOPHY
10. Environmental Ethics, Professional Ethics and Philosophy of Education 8

A. INDIAN PHILOSOPHY

Unit 1 Nature and Schools of Indian Philosophy; some basic issues.

Rta, Karma, Four Purusarthas: Dharma, Artha, Kama, Moksa

Unit 2 Philosophy of the Bhagavad Gita; Karma Yoga (Anasakta Karma), Svadharama,
Lokasamgraha

(101)
Unit 3 Buddhism, Jainism

Four noble truths and eight-fold path : theory of dependant origination, Anekantavada
and syadvada

Unit 4 Nyaya, Vaisesika and Samkhya-Yoga

Nyaya theory of Pramanas. Yoga- The Eight –fold Practice Samkhya Theory of Three
Gumas, Vaisesika Theory of Padarthas

Unit 5 Advaita Vedanta

The nature Atman, Brahman and the world.

B. WESTERN PHILOSOPHY

Unit 6 Knowledge and truth

Rationalism, Empiricism and Kant’s Critical Philosophy

Unit 7 The causal Principle

Nature of Cause

Aristortle’s theory of four fold causation cause-effect relationship: entailment,

regularity, succession.

Unit 8 Nature of Reality

Proofs for the existence of God:

Ontological, Teleological and Cosmological arguments.

Unit 9 Realism and Idealism

Mind Body Problem

C. APPLIED PHILOSOPHY

Unit10 Environment Ethics and Professional Ethics

(a) Study of Physical, mental and spiritual environments

(b) Medical and Business Ethics.
(c) Philosophy of Education

(102)
 24.FINE ARTS
A Student may offer any one of the following courses:-

(a) Painting
Or
(b) Graphics
Or
(c) Sculpture
Or
(d) Applied Arts – Commercial Arts
The following art terminologies for all the four subjects are prescribed only for reference
and general enrichment.
1. Elements of Composition: Point line form, colour, tone texture and space.
2. Principles of Composition: Unity, Harmony, Balance, Rhythm, Emphasis and Proportion,
Abstraction and Stylization.
3. Drawing and Painting: Terminologies, Foreshortening, perspective, eye-level, fixed
point of view, Vanishing point, ration proportion, sketching,
proportion sketching, drawing, light and shade, painting still-life,
land-scape, anatomy, vertical, horizontal, two and three
dimensional, transparent and opaque.
Materials : Paper, Pencil, water, acrylic colours, tempera colours, poster
colours, pasted colours, waterproof ink, canvas, hard-board
4. Media of Composition: Collage, Mosaic, Painting mural, fresco, batik tye and dye
5. Sculpture: Relief and round sculpture, modelling with clay, terra-cotta,
carving in wood and stone bronze casting.
6. Graphics: Linocut, relief printing, etching, lithography, Silk screen printing
letter press and offset printing.
7. Applied Art: Book cover design and illustration, cartooning, poster,
advertisements for newspaper and magazine etc. Photography,
computer graphic.

A. PAINTING

INTRODUCTION

The course in painting at senior secondary stage as an elective subject is aimed to

develop aesthetic sense of the students through the understanding of various important well
known aspects and modes of visual art expression in India’s rich cultural heritage from the
period of Indus valley to the present time. It also encompasses practical exercises in drawing

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and painting to develop their mental faculties of observation, imagination, creation and
physical skills required for its expressions.

OBJECTIVES

(A) THEORY (HISTORY OF INDIAN ART)

The objective of including the history of Indian Art of the students is to familiarize them
with the various styles and modes of art expressions from different parts of India. This
would enrich their vision and enable them to appreciate and develop an aesthetic
sensibility to enjoy the beauty of nature and life. The students will also have an
opportunity to observe and the rise of an altogether new style. The students should be
made aware of art as a human experience. The teachers should be able to expose them
to the wide range of artistic impressions, the media and the tools used. The history of
Indian Art is a long one. Hence the students would be acquainted with brief glimpses of
the development of Indian Visual Art as are required for concept formation. Examples
included in the course of study are selected because of their aesthetic qualities and are
intended purely as guidelines.

(B) PRACTICALS

The purpose of introducing practical exercises: In Painting is to help and enable the
students.
 To develop skill of using drawing and painting material (surface, tools and equipments
etc.) effectively.
 To sharpen their observation skills through study of common objects and various
geometrical and non-geometrical forms found in life and nature.
 To develop their skills to draw and paint these observations:
 To develop an understanding of Painting-Composition (The use of the elements and the
principles of painting-composition);
 To create the forms and the colour schemes in imagination with an ability to express
them effectively in drawing and painting.
 To express the different feelings and moods of life the nature in lines, forms and
colours.

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 THEORY

One Theory Paper Time: 1 Hours 25 Marks

Unit wise Weight age:

Units Marks

HISTORY OF INDIAN ART

1. The Rajasthani and Pahari Schools of Miniature Painting. 09

2. The Mughal and Deccan Schools of Miniature Painting. 08
3. The Bengal School of Painting and the Modern Trends in Indian Art 08
th
Unit 1: The Rajasthani and Pahari Schools of Miniature Painting (16 Century A.D. To
19th Century A.D)
Introduction to the Indian Miniature Schools: Western-Indian, Pala, Rajasthani, Mughal,
Central Indian, Deccan and Pahari.
(A) The Rajasthan; Schools
(1) Original and Development
(2) Schools- Mewar, Bundi, Jodhpur, Bikaner, Kishangarh and jaipur.
(3) Main feature of the Rajasthani Schools.
(4) Study of the following Rajasthani Paintings:

TITLE PAINTER SCHOOL

Maru-Ragni Sahibdin Mewar
Raja Aniruddha Singh Heera Utkal Ram Bundi
Chaugan Players Dana Jodhpu
Krishna on swing Nuruddin Bikaner
Radha (Bani-Thani) Nihal Chand Kishangarh
Bharat meets Rama at Guman Jaipur
Chitrakut

(B) The Pahari Schools:

(1) Origin and development
(2) Schools-Basohli and Kangra
(3) Main Feature of the Pahari Schools
(4) Study of the following Pahari Paintings:
Title Painter Schools
Krishna with Gopis Basohli
Raga Megha Kangra

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 Unit 2: The Mughal and Decca Schools of Miniature painting (16 th Century AD to 19th Century
A.D.)

(A) The Mughal School

(1) Original and development
(2) Main feature of the Mughal School
(3) Study of the following Mughal Paintings:
Title Painter School
Krishna lifting mount Goverdhan Miskin Akbar
Babur crossing the river sone Jaganath Akbar
Jahangir holding the Abul Hassan Jahangir
Picture of Madona
Falcon on a bird rest Ustad Mansoor Jahangir
Kabir and Raidas Ustad Faquirullah Khan Shahjahan
Marriage Procession of Haji Madni Provincial
Dara Shikoh Mughal (Oudh)

(B) The Deccan School

(1) Origin and development
(2) Main feature of the Deccan School
(3) Study of the following Deccan Paintings:
Title Painter School
Raga Hindola ………….. Ahmednagar
Chand Bibi Playing Polo (Chaugan) Gol Konda

Unit 3: The Bengal School and the Modern trends in Indian Art
(A) (1) (A) New Era in Indian art-an introduction
(B) Study of the following painting.
(1) Rama Vanquishin the pride of the ocean-Raja Ravi Verma
(2) Evaluation of the Indian National Flag (First-1906, Middle- 1921 and Final 1947
Stages): Study of the form and the colour Scheme.
(B) (1) Introduction to the Bengal School of Painting
(i) Origin and development of the Bengal School.
(ii) Main features of the Bengal School
(2) Contribution of Indian artists in the struggle for National Freedom Movement.
(3) Study of the following paintings of the Bengal School
(i) Journey’s End-Rabinderanath Ragore
(ii) Parthasarthi- Nandlal Bose
(iii) Radhika-M. A. R. Chughtai
(c) The Modern Trends in Indian Art

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INTRODUCTION

(1) Study of the following Paintings:

(i) Magician-Gaganendranath Tagore
(ii) Mother and Child-Jamini Roy
(iii) Woman Face-Rabindranath Tagore
(iv) Three Girls-Amrita Sher Gill
(2) Study of the following pieces of Sculpture:
(i) Triumpth of Labour-D.P. Roychowdhury
(ii) Santhal Family Ramkinker Vaij
(3) Study of the following work of contemporary Indian Art

A. PAINTINGS

(i) Mother Teresa-M.F. Hussain.

(ii) Birth of Poetry-K.K. Hebbar
(iii) Gossip- N.S. Bendre
(iv) Untitled- G.R. Santosh
(v) Diagonal-Tyeb Mehta
(4) Graphic Prints

(i) Whirl Pool-Krishna Reddy

(ii) Children-Somnath Hore
(iii) Devi-Jyoti Bhatt
(iv) Of Walls-Anupam Sud
(v) Man, Women and Tree K. Laxman Goud
(5) Sculptures

(i) Standing Woman-Dhanraj Bhagat

(ii) Cries Un-heard-Amar Nath Sehgal
(iii) Ganesha-P.V. Jankiram
(iv) Figures-Sankho Chaudhuri
(v) Chatturmukhi Aekka Yada Giri Rao

Note : The names of artists and their art work as listed above are only suggestive and in no way
exhaustive. Teachers and students should expand this according to their own resources.
However, the questions will be set from the above mentioned art works only.

PAINTING PRACTICAL
One Paper Time : 6 Hours 60 Marks

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UNITWISE WEIGHTAGE

Units MARKS
1. Nature and Object Study 22
2. Painting Composition 22
3. Sessional Work 16

UNIT 1 :NATURE AND OBJECT STUDY

Studies on the basis of exercises done in class XI with two or three objects and drapery for
background. Exercises in Pencil with light and shade and in full colour from a fixed point of
view.

UNIT 2 : PAINTING

Imaginative painting based on subjects from Life and or Nature in water and poster colours with
colour values.

UNIT 3 SESSIONAL WORK

(a) Five selected Nature and object Study exercises in any media done during the
session, including minimum of two still life exercises. 08 marks

(b) Two selected works of painting done by the candidate during the year

08 marks

These selected works prepared during the courses by the candidate and certified
by the school authorities as the work done in the school will be placed before
the examiners for assessment.

Note : The time-table to be so framed as to allow the students to work continuously

for minimum of two periods at a stretch.

GUIDELINES FOR EVALUATION OF PRACTICAL

Marking Scheme :

PART I : NATURE AND OBJECT STUDY

(I) Drawing (composition) 09

(ii) Treatment of media/colours 09 22 marks
(iii) Overall impression 04

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PART - II : PAINTING (COMPOSITION)

(i) Compositional arrangement including emphasis on the subject 9

(ii) Treatment of media colour 9 22 marks
(iii) Originality and overall impression 4

PART-III : SESSIONAL WORK

(i) Five Selected Nature and object study exercises in any

media including minimum of two still lives. 8
(ii) Two selected painting compositions Prepared on the basis
of life and nature 8 16 marks

Note : Sessional-work will also be evaluated on the same pattern.

FORMAT OF THE QUESTIONS :

PART I : NATURE AND OBJECT STUDY

Draw and Paint the still-life of a group of objects arranged on a drawing board before
you, from a fixed point of view (given to you), on a drawing paper of half imperial size in
pencil/colours. Your drawing should be proportionate to the size of the paper. The objects
should be painted in realistic manner with proper light and shade and perspective etc. In this
study the drawing-board is not to be included.

Note :- A group of objects to be decided by the external and internal examiners jointly as per
instructions. The objects for Nature study and object study are to be arranged before the
candidates.

PART II : PAINTING

Make a painting-composition on anyone of the following five subjects in any medium

(Water/Pastel, Tempera, Acrylic) of your choice on a drawing-paper of half imperial size either
horizontally or vertically. Your composition should be original and effective. Weightage will be
given to a well composed drawing, effective use of media, proper emphasis on the subject
matter and utilization of full-space.

Note : Any five subjects for Painting Composition are to be decided by the external and internal
examiners jointly as per instructions and are to mentioned here strictly just before the start of
the examination for part II.

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3. (a) Instructions for the selections of the objects for Nature Study and object Drawing :

1. The examiners, are to select/decide two or these, suitable objects in such a way so
that Natural and Geometrical forms may be covered in the group of objects :

(i) Natural-forms-large size foilage and flowers, fruits, and vegetable etc.

(ii) Geometrical forms made of Wood/Plastic/Paper/Metal/Earthen etc. such as cube,

cone, prism, cylinder and sphere.

2. Objects should be selected generally of large (suitable) size.

3. An object relating to nature, according to the season and location of the examination
centre, must be including in the group of objects. The natural-objects should be
purchased/arranged only on the day of the examination so that its freshness may be
maintained.

4. Two draperies in different colours (one in dark and other in light tone) are also to be
included for background and foreground. Keeping in view the colours and tones of the
objects selected.

(B) Instruction to decide the subjects for Painting-Composition :

1. The examiners are to select/decide five subjects suitable for painting-Composition.

2. The subjects should be so designed that the candidates may get clear-cut ideas of the
subjects and they can exercise their imagination freely, because it is not important what
you do, but how you do it.

3. The examiners are free to select/decide the subjects, but these should be according to
the standard of class XII and environment of the school/candidates.

Some identified areas of the subjects for Painting-Composition are given below, in which
some more areas may also be added.

(i) Affairs of family friends and daily life.

(ii) Affairs of family Professional.
(iii) Games and sports activities.
(iv) Nature
(v) Fantasy
(vi) National, religious, cultural, historical and social events and celebrations.
4. General Instructions to the examiners :

1. Candidates should be given one hour break after first three hours.

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2. Work of the candidates, for Parts I, II and III is to be evaluated on the spot jointly by the
external and internal examiners.

3. Each work of Part I, II and III, after assessment is to be marked as examined and duly
signed by the external and internal examiners jointly.

SOME REFERENCE BOOKS SUGGESTED FOR TEACHERS :

1. "Paint Still life" by Claretta White yet to be revised (Walter T. Foster Publication).
2. "Art of Drawing" Grumbacher Library Wook (Walter T. Foster Publication)
3. "Collage" by Dixi Hall (Walter T. Foster Publication).
4. "On Techniques" By Leon Frank (Walter T. Foster Publication).
5. "More Trees" by Fredrick Gardner (Walter T. Foster Publication).
6. "How to Draw and Paint Textures of Animals" By Walter J. Wilweding (Walter T. Foster
Publication).
7. "How to Draw and Pain Animal Expressions" by Walter J. Wilweding (Walter T. Foster
Publication).
8. "Art of the Pencil" by Borough Johnson (Sir ISAAC Pitman & Sons ltd. New Delhi).
9. "Design for you" by Ethel Jane Beitler (John Wilary & Sons Ltd. New Delhi).
10. "Complete Books of Artist's Techniques by Dr. Kurt Herbers, (Thomas and Hudson,
London).

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 B. GRAPHICS

INTRODUCTION

The Course in Graphics at Senior Secondary stage as an elective subject is aimed to

develop aesthetic sense of the students through the understanding of various
important, well known aspects and modes of Visual Art expression in India's rich cultural
heritage from the period of Indus Valley to the present time. It encompasses also a
wider range of practical exercises in making of Graphic prints for developing their
mental faculties of observation, imagination creation and physical & technical skills.

OBJECTIVES

(A) Theory (History of Indian Art)

Note :- As the syllabus of Graphics (Theory) is the same as that of painting (Theory), its
objectives are same.

(B) Practicals.

The purpose of introducting practical exercises in Graphics is to help and enable the
students to make simple compositions in monochrome and in colours through the
various print-making techniques using methods and material specifically prescribed for
adequate results. The students should be introduced to the subject by giving a short
history of the print making techniques. They should be given exercises to inculcate
respect for the tools and apparatus- used in the various processes including their
maintenance and proper handling.

THEORY

One Theory Paper Time : 1 Hrs 25 Marks

UNITWISE WEIGHTAGE

Units Marks

HISTORY OF INDIAN ART

1. The Rajasthan, Pahari School of Miniature Painting. 09

2. The Mughal and Deccan School of Miniature Painting 08
3. The Bengal School of Painting and the Modern Trends in Indian Art. 08

Note :- The Syllabus of Graphics (Theory) is the same as that of painting (Theory) given earlier.

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 {PRACTICAL}

One Paper Time 6 Hrs. 60 Marks

UNITWISE WEIGHTAGE

UNIT MARKS

1. Making of graphic-print through Serigraphy/Lithography/Etching and Engraving (Intaglio

Process) techniques. 45

2. Sessional Work 15

Unit 1 : The students in the class are expected to opt for anyone of the following
media depending upon the facilities available in their schools

(a) SERIGRAPHY

1. The history of stencils and silk screen.

2. Methods and materials.
3. The use and maintenance of the squeeze.
4. Sealing, registration for colour, work and preparation for printing.
5. Solvents for cleaning, use and characteristics of printing inks.
6. Mounting and finishing the print.
OR

(b) LITHOGRAPHY

1. Introduction : Short history and the methods and material used in producing
lithographic prints.
2. The use and characteristics of the Litho stone/Zinc plates.
3. The use of Lithographic Chalks and ink (Tusche).
4. Preparing for printing and use of various chemicals inking and taking proofs.
5. Papers used in lithography and getting the final Print.
6. Finishing and mounting the point.
OR

(c) Etching and Engraving (Intaglio Process)

1. Introduction to intaglio technique with a short history, methods and materials,

Etching press.

2. Preparing the plate and lying the ground (Resist) and Inking.
3. Characteristics of different types of grounds.
4. Characteristics and use of various acids.

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 5. Colour etching, use of stencils and marks.
6. Finishing and mounting the prints.

UNIT 2 : SESSIONAL WORK

Three selected prints prepared during the course by the candidate and certified by the
school authorities as works done in the school and to be placed before the external
examiner for assessment.

Note : The time table to be so framed as to allow the students to work continuously for
minimum of two periods at a stretch.

GUIDELINES FOR EVALUATIUON OF PRACTICAL

1. MARKING SCHEME :

PART I : GRAPHIC-COMPOSITION (PRINT MAKING)

(I) Emphasis in the subject 8

(ii) Handling on the material and technique 45 Marks
of Print-making 12
(iii) Composition and quality of Print 25

PART II : SESSIONAL WORK

Three selected Prints 5 + 5 + 5 marks for 3 prints = 15 marks

Note : Sessional work will also be evaluated on the same pattern.
2. FORMAT OF THE QUESTIONS :

PART I : GRAPHIC COMPOSITION (PRINT-MAKING) 45 MARKS.

Choose one of the print-making medium available and taught in your school viz.
serigraphy, lithography, etching and engraving.

Make a Graphic-Composition on anyone of the five subject given below according to the
possibility and suitability of the medium :

(Note : Any five suitable subject for "Graphic-Composition (Print-making)" are to be

decided by the internal and external examiners jointly in accordance with the
instruction are to be mentioned here).

Make use of line, tone and texture, exploiting the medium fully to realize composition.

Print your composition in one or two colours.

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 Pay special attention to print quality and cleanliness. Submit two identical prints along
with all the rough layouts as your final submission.

Size of the plate :

(i) Serigraphy 30 cm X 20 cm

(ii) Litheography 30 cm X 20 cm

(iii) Etching & engraving 30 cm X 20 cm

3. INSTRUCTION TO DECIDE THE SUBJECTS FOR GRAPHIC COMPOSITON (PRINT-MAKING)

1. The external and internal examiners jointly are to select/decide five subjects
suitable for Graphic-Composition (Print-Making).

2. Each subject should be so designed that the candidate may get a clear-cut idea
of the subject, however, any candidate can perceive a subject in his/her own way
but graphic quality must be maintained in the composition.

3. The examiners are free to select/decide the subjects, but these should be
according to the standard to class XII and environment of the school/candidates.

Some identified areas of the subjects for Graphic-Composition (Print-making) are

given below in which some more areas may be added, if needed :

(i) Affairs of family, friends and daily life.

(ii) Affairs of Professionals.
(iii) Games & sports Activities.
(iv) Nature.
(v) Fantasy.
(vi) National, religious & cultural events and celebrations.
(vii) Ideas personal, social, local, provincial, national or international.
4. INSTRUCTIONS TO THE EXAMINERS

1. Candidates should be given one hours break after first three hours.
2. Work of the Candidates for part I & II is to be evaluated on the spot by the
external and internal examiners jointly.
3. Each work of parts I & II, after assessment, is to be marked as examined and duly
signed by the external and internal examiners.

SOME REFERENCE BOOKS SUGGESTED FOR TEACHERS

1. "The Techniques of Graphic Art", by H. Van Kruihingen.

2. "Printing Making, Harvewy Daniels (Hamlym).

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3. "Art is Manual for Silk Screen Print Making", by Heavy Shockler
4. "Printing Making today", by Jules Helles.
5. "Silk Screen Techniques", J. I. Biege Leison, Dover Publication, New York.
6. "Introducing Screen Printing", Anthony Kinsey Walson Guplill, New York.
7. "The Art and Craft of Screen Process Printing", Kosloff, All the Bruce Publishing
Co…, New York.
8. "Practical Screen Printing", Stephen Russ, Studio Vista Walson Auptill, New York.
9. "Artists Manual for Silk, Screen Print making", Harry Shekler, American Artist's
Group' New York.
10. "Lihography", Vau Nostrav, Reinnold.
11. "Lithography for Artists", Standley Loues, Oxford University Press.
12. "Linocuts and Woodcuts", Michael Rothemstein Studio Vista, London.
13. "RElief Printing", Michael Rothenstein Studio Vista London.
14. "Etchin, Engraving and lntaglio Printing". Anthony Grossl Oxford University Press.
15. "The Art of Etching", E.S. Sumaden Gouslable, London.

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 (C) SULPTURE
INTRODUCTION

The Course in Sculpture at Senior Secondary stage as an elective subject is aimed at developing
aesthetic sense of the students through the understanding of various important, well known
aspects and modes of Visual Art expression in India’s rich cultural heritage from the period of
Indus valley to the present time. It encompasses also a wide range to practical exercises in
making of various sculptures for developing their mental faculties of observation, imagination
and creation and the physical and technical skills.

OBJECTIVES

(A) THEORY (HISTORY OF INDIAN (ART)

Note:- As the syllabus of sculpture (Theory) is the same as that of Painting (Theory), its
objectives are same.

(B) PRACTICAL

The aim is to introduce the student to the fundamental of making sculptures. All
assignments should be designed to understand problems of volume, Weight, play of form in
space etc., as against rendering on flat two dimensional. Adequate technical skills may be
provided depending on the facilities available.

THEORY

One Theory Paper Time: 1 Hrs Marks 25

UNITWISE WEIGHTAGE

UNITS MARKS

HISTORY OF INDIAN ART

1. The Rajasthan Pahari School of Miniature Painting. 09

2. The Mughal Deccan School of Miniature Paining. 08
3. The Bengal School of Painting and the Modern Trends in Indian Art. 08

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 PRACTICAL

One Paper Time : 6 Hrs 60 Marks

UNITWISE WEIGHTAGE

UNIT MARKS

1. Modelling in Relief (Clay and Plaster of Paris)

22
2. Modelling in Round (Clay and Plaster of Paris) 22
3. Sessional Work 16

Unit 1: Modelling in Relief

Unit 2: Modelling in Round

Unit 3: Sessional Work

Four pieces of Works prepared during the course selected by the candidate and certified
by the school authorities as work executed in the school are to be placed before the examiners
for assessment.

Use of clay Composition in hollow for baking.

*Modelling of simplified human figures, birds, animals and plants in relief and round.
Geometrical shapes like cube, cone, cylinder, etc., and their composition in relief as an exercise
in design study of textures. Use of plaster of Paris.

Note: The time table to be so framed as to allow the students to work continuously for
minimum of two periods at a stretch.

GUIDELINES FOR EVALUATION OF PRACTICAL

1. Marking Scheme:

Part I : Modelling in Relief 22 Marks

(i) Composition including emphasis on the subject 09

(ii) Handling of media 09
(iii) Creative approach and overall impression 04

Part II : Modelling in Round 22 Marks

(i) Composition including emphasis on the subject 09

(ii) Handling of media 09
(iii) Creative approach and overall impression 04

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Part III : Sessional Work 16 Marks

Four works of Sculpture consisting of :

(a) (i) One Sculpture in Relief (High Relief) 04

(ii) One Sculpture in Relief (Low Relief) 04
(b) Two Sculpture in Round 08

Note: Sessional work will also be evaluated on the same pattern.

2. Format of the questions:

Part I : Modelling in Relief:

Make a Sculpture in Relief (low/high) on anyone of the following five subjects, the size
should be within 25 to 30 cm. (horizontally or vertically) and about 4 cm. in thickness from the
board.

Note: Any five suitable subjects for “Modelling in Relief” are to be decided by the external and
internal examiners jointly in accordance with the instructions and are to be mentioned here.

Part II : Modelling in Round:

Prepare a Sculpture in round, in clay medium, on anyone of the following five subjects.
The height should be within 25 t 3 cm. horizontally or vertically.

Note: Any five suitable subjects for “Modelling in Round” are to be decided in accordance with
the instructions and are to be mentioned here strictly just before the start of the examination
for Part II

3. Instructions to decide the subjects for Modelling in relief and Round:

(1) The examiners are to select/decide five subjects suitable for modelling in Relief and
five subjects for modelling in round, The subjects for “Modelling in Round” are to be
conveyed to the candidates strictly just before the start of the examination for Part II
(2) Each subject should be so designed that the candidate may get a clear-cut idea of
the subject, however, a candidate can perceive a subject in his/her own way.
Distortion of human/animal forms may be allowed.
(3) Choice of high or low relief should remain open to candidates.
(4) The examiners are free to decide the subjects but they should be according to the
standard of class XII and environment of the school/candidates. Some identified
areas of the subjects for Modelling in Relief are given below in which some more
areas may also be included:
(i) Nature Study;
(ii) Design, nature, decorative, stylized and geometrical;

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 (iii) Family, friends and daily life;
(iv) Birds and animals;
(v) Games and sports activities;
(vi) Religious, social and personal activities;
(vii) Cultural activities;
(viii) Ideas – Personal, social, local, provincial, national and international.

4. General Instructions to the examiners:

1. Candidates should be given one hour break after first three hours.
2. Work of the candidates of Parts I, II and III, is to be evaluated on the spot by the
external and internal examiners jointly.
3. Each work of Part I, II and III after assessment, is to be marked as examined and duly
signed by the external and internal examiners.

Some Reference Books Suggested for teachers:

1. “Indian Sculpture”, by Chintaman kar.

2. “Exploring Sculpture:, by Jan Amdell Mills & Boon, London.
3. “The Technique of Sculpture”, John W.Mills, P.T. Patsford Ltd., London.
4. “A History Sculpture of the World”, Shelden Cneey, Thame and Hudson, London.
5. “Form and Space”, Edward Their, Thomes and Hudson; London.
6. “Sculpture and Ideas”, Michael F. Andrews.
7. “Modern Sculpture”, Jean Selz, Heinemann, London.
8. “Creative Carving”, (Material Techniques appreciation), Dons Z. Meilach, Pritam
Publishing.

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 D. APPLIED ART
INTRODUCTION

The Course in Applied Art (Commercial Art) at Senior Secondary Stage as an elective subject is
aimed to develop aesthetic sense of the students through the understanding of various
important, well known aspects and modes of Visual Art expression in India’s rich cultural
heritage from the period of Indus Valley to the present time. It encompasses also a wide range
of practical exercises in commercial Art for developing their mental faculties of observation,
imagination creating and physical and technical skills.

OBJECTIVE

(A) Theory (History of Indian Art)

Note:- As the syllabus of Applied Art-Commercial Art (Theory) is the same as that
Painting (Theory), its objectives are same.
(B) Practical.
The purpose of introducing practical exercises in Applied Art (Commercial Art) is to help
and able the students to develop professional competence in making Model Drawing
Lettering, layout Preparation and poster so that they can link their lives with
productivity.

THEORY

One Theory Paper Time: 1 Hour Marks 25

UNITWISE WEIGHTAGE

UNITS MARKS

HISTORY OF INDIAN ART

1. The Rajasthan Pahari School of Miniature Painting. 09

2. The Mughal Deccan School of Miniature Paining. 08
3. The Bengal School of Painting and the Modern Trends in Indian Art. 08

Note: The Syllabus of Applied Art-Commercial Art (Theory) is the same as that of painting
(Theroy) given earlier.

PRACTICAL

One Paper Time : 6 Hrs 60 Marks

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 UNITWISE WEIGHTAGE

UNIT MARKS

1. Illustration 22
2. Poster 22
3. Sessional Work 16
Unit 1 : Illustration

Study of techniques of Illustration on given subjects and simple situations supported by

Drawing from life and outdoor sketching in different media suitable for printing.

Unit 2 : Poster

Making a poster with specified data and slogan on a given subject in two or four colours.

Unit 3: Sessional Work

Submission of portfolio consisting of:

(i) Five selected drawing in any media done during the year including minimum of
two illustrations 08 Marks
(ii) Two selected posters in chosen subject 08 Marks

Note: The time table to be so framed as to allow the students to work continuously for
minimum of two periods at a stretch

GUIDELINES FOR EVALUATION OF PRACTICAL

1. Marking Scheme:

Part I : Illustrations 22 Marks

(i) Composition including quality of drawing 09

(ii) Emphasis on the subject with a specific situation 09
(iii) Reproducing quality and overall impression 04

Part II : Poster 22 Marks

(i) Layout and lettering 09

(ii) Emphasis on the subject 04
(iii) Proper colour scheme and overall impression 09

Part III : Sessional Work 16 Marks

(i) Five selected drawings in any media including minimum

of two illustrations 08
(ii) Two selected posters in chosen subjects 08

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Note: Sessional work will also be evaluated on the same pattern.

2. Format of the questions:

Part I : Illustration

Make an illustration in black and white in any colour media on anyone of the following
five subjects with a specific situation.

Size of the illustration : 30cm X 22 cm.

Note : Any five suitable subjects for poster design decided by the external and internal
examiners jointly in accordance with the instructions and are mentioned here, strictly just
before the start of the examination for Part II.

Part II : Poster

Prepare a poster-design with specified data and slogan in English/Hindi language, in

three flat colours, on anyone of the following five subjects. The designing of the poster should
have balanced use of typography and illustration.

Size of the Poster-design: ½ imp size.

Note: Any five suitable subjects for poster design decided by the external and internal
examiners jointly in accordance with the instructions and are mentioned here, strictly just
before the start of the examination for Part II.

3. (A) Instructions to decide the subjects for illustration:

1. The examiners are to select/decide five suitable subjects.

2. Each subject should be given a specific situation, which is a main characteristic of an
illustration.
3. Each subject should be so designed that the candidate may get a clear-cut idea of
the subject and they can illustrate a specific situation based on given subject areas.
4. The examiners are free to decide the subject but there should be according the
standard of the Class XII and environment of the School/candidates
Some identified areas of the subjects for illustration are given below, in which some
more areas may be added if needed
Subject with a specific situation:
(i) Family and friends in daily life.
(ii) Professionals/professions.
(iii) Games and sports.
(iv) Nature.
(v) National events and celebrations.

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 (vi) Religious events and festivals.
(vii) Culture-Dance, Drama, Music and Art.

(B) Instructions to decide the subjects for Poster-design:

1. The examiners are to select/decide five subjects suitable for poster-design.

2. Each subject should be given a specified data and slogan.
3. The data and slogan should be so framed/designed that the candidates may get a
clear-cut idea of the subjects.
4. The examiners must given the subjects data and slogan according to the standard of
Class XII and environment of the School/Candidates.
Some identified areas for poster-design are given below, in which some more
areas/subjects may be added.

1. For Advertisement on:

(i) Execution/Tourism.
(ii) Cultural activates.
(iii) Community and Nature Development.
(iv) Ideas-Social, National and international.
(v) Commercial products.

2. Instructions to the examiners:

1. Candidates should be given one hour break after first three hours.
2. Work of the candidates for Parts I, II & III is to be evaluated on the spot by the
external and internal examiners jointly.
3. Each work of Parts I, II and III after assessment, is to be marked as examined and
signed by the external and internal examiners.

Some Reference Books Suggested for Teachers:

1. Typolog-G.M. Rege, Bombay.

2. Kalatmak Lykhai, Published by D.A.V.P.
3. Figure Painting in Water Colour, Charles Reid Watson, Guptill Publication.
4. Walter T.Foster – Objective Drawing.
5. Walter T.Foster- Human Figure
6. Walter T.Foster- Head Study.
7. Walter T.Foster – Animal Study
8. Walter T.Foster- Landscape.
9. Applied Art Handbook – G.M. Rege, Bombay.

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 25.FRENCH

One Paper Time : 3 Hours Marks : 85

SECTION-A : APPLIED GRAMMAR 25

- Filling the blanks with appropriate parts of speech.

- Transformation of sentences.
- Sentence Correction (not involving punctuation and spelling)
- Based on chapter 18-30 of Prescribed book

SECTION-B : COMPREHENSION / READING 20

- One passage from the prescribed book (Prose / Poetry) 10
- One Unseen passage 10
(Variety of comprehension question, including short answer question
& Vocabulary (word attack)

SECTION-C : WRITING SKILLS/COMPOSITION 16

- Writing a story based on outlines provided (120 words) 08
- One unaided composition based on the topics in
the Prescribed book (120 words) 08

SECTION-D : LITERATURE 24
(Short answer question on prescribed texts)
Prose 16
Comprehension of the prescribed text (Chapter 18-30)
Poetry 08

POEMS TO BE STUDIED :
1. Rienn'est Beau-ch. Peguy
2. Avecton Parapluie- F. Jammes
3. Le Petit Train-Emile Henriot
4. La Petite Ville-A Ke Noailles
5. Sila Garonne-Gustave Nadaud

PRESCRIBED BOOK : COURS DE LANGUE ET CIVILIZATION FRANCAISES II BY G. MAUGER, PUB :

HACHETTE (CHAPTER 18-30)

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GRAMMER TOPICS :

XI. 1. Negative
2. Interrogative
3. Sentence recording
4. Sentence Correction
5. Tenses of vergs (incl. subjonctif)
6. Pronom relatif
7. Adjectif Interrogatif
8. Adjectif qualificatif
XII. 1. Sentence recodering
2. Sentence correction
3. Tenses of verbs (excluding passe' simple and passe' Anti'Neur)
4. Pronom interrogatif
5. Uses of intinitif
6. Pronom Personnel- all types
7. Prepositions
8. Pronom indefine & adjectif indefini

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 26.Yoga
The Syllabus Consists of Two Parts:

I. Theory 60 Marks
II. Practical 25 Marks
Total 85 Marks

Theory

The theory paper will be divided into two parts and will be of 3 hours duration.

Part-A (Historical and Philosophical aspects of Yoga)

1. Yoga as defined in the Indian systems of philosophy with special reference to Sankhya
and Yogdarshana.
2. The theory of Chitta its Vrittis and the concept of Kaleshas also the methods of their
control.
3. The importance of social and personal ethics in personal life. A detailed study of Yamas,
Niyamas and Pratyahara, their contribution towards the inclucation of moral values in
life.
4. The role of Yoga Education for the restoration of Communal harmony, peace and
National Internal Integration in the country.
5. General study of the life of:
(i) Gorakh Nath (iV) Shri Aurbindo
(ii) Swami Ram Tirtha (V) Gautama Budha
(iii) Swami Viveka Nanda

Part-B (Therapeutic and Physiological aspects of yoga)

6. Concept of health from the yogic point of view. Yoga as a science of health care and
disease cure.
7. Physiological basis of Asanas, Pranayamas, Mudras and Bandhas. The benefits of such
yogic practices.
8. Seperative study of the effects of yogic and non-yogic system of exercises on human
organism. Yogic way of relaxation.
9. Yoga therapy its importance and limitations.
Study of common diseases such as Diabetes, High and Low Blood Pressure, Obesity,
Insomnia, Chronic Fatigue, Memory loss and retention, Bronchial Asthma. High levels of
blood cholesterol. Gastrict acidity, Ulcer. Chronic constipation, Piles, Hemia, Cervical
spondylitis, Low back pain and certain Postural deformities- theircauses, symptoms and
treatment through yogic therapatic measures.

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 PRACTICAL

Asanas 8 Marks
Pranayama, Mudras, Bhandas & Dhayana 8 Marks
Shatkarmas 5 Marks
Practical Notebook 4 Marks
Total 25 Marks

(i) Asnas as given in Hatha Yoga Pradeepika, Ghrenda Samhita, Shiva Samhita,
Yogapanishads and other in vogue.
(ii) Kriyas-Shatkaramas (Shatrkriyas) as described in Hatha Yoga Pradeepika,
Ghrenda Samhita and Shatkarama Sangraha.
(iii) Pranayamas- Anuloma-viloma, Ujjai, Bhastrika and familiarity with other
Pranayamas such as Surayabhedana-Chandrabhedana, Sitli-Shitkari, Bhastrika,
Bharamari and Plavani
(iv) Bandhas-Jalandhar, Uddiyana, Mula and Mahavandha.
(v) Meditation-Elementary practice of Medication, Chanting of “OM” and the
practice of dhatana in any of the selected postures i.e. Sidhasna. Swastikasana
Padmasana, Sukhasana and Vajarasana.
(vi) Practical Notebook to be prepared by the students illustrating any nine asanas of
their choice, and two kriyas and two body systems out of the following i.e.
respiratory, glandular, excretory, Human brain and Spinal Chord.

LIST OF YOGIC ASANAS REQUIRED TO BE PERFORMED BY THE STUDENTS IS AS UNDER:

STANDING POSTURES:

Tarasana, Trikonasana, Konasana, Padahastasana, Garudasana, Ardha-Chandrasan,

khagasana, Birbhadrasana, Shirshangushthasana.

SITTING POSTURES:

Padmasana, Vajarasana, Parvatasana, Yogmudrasana, Uttitha-padmasana,

Mandukasana, Paschimottanasana, Akaran-Dhanurasana, Shishankasana, Vakasana,
Padamvakasana, Ardha-matsyenbrasana, Gomukhasana, Gorakshasana,
Edpadsikandasana, Dwipadsikandasana, Uttithadwipadsikandasana, Puran-
matsyenbrasana, Kukutasana, Onkarasana, Ushtrasana.

LYING POSTURES:

Shavasana, Halasana, Uttanapadasana, Matasyasana, Karanpidasana,

Makrasana, Bhugangasana, Dhanurasana, Shalabhasana, Naukasana, Mayurasana,
Shrishasana, Sarvangasana, Chakrasana, Gharabhasana, Pawanmuktasana.

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 REFERENCES

1. Patanjal Yogsutras
2. Rajayoga by Swami Vivekandanda
3. Asanas by Swami Kuvalayananda.
4. Pranayama by Swami Kuvalayananda.
5. Hathyoga Pradeepika.
6. Gherandasamhita.
7. Suksham vyama by Swami Dharendra Braham Chari.
8. Yoga Therapy by Swami Kuvalayananda and Dr. S.L. Vinkar.
9. Applied Philosophy by Samson Wright.
10. Ypga Philosophy by S.N. Dasgupta.
11. Yog Chakitsa by Swami Ram Dev.

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