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ASSIGNMENT -2 Mohd.Shareef
V3 = 19.13L
1.isothermal expansion,
1. V2 = 22.5L
3. q=W= 9244J
4. deltT =0 :: deltV=0
5. deltT=0 :: deltH=0
2.adiabatic expansion,
6. V3 =19,13L
8. q = 0
A. 1 to 2; W=P(V2-V1)=1(44.8-22.4)=22.4L.atm= 2270J
deltU=nCv(T2-T1)= 3\2*8.314*(546-273)= 3405J
q=deltU+W =3405+2270 = 5675J
B. 2 to 3; W=0 ; deltU=q = 3\2*8.314(1092-546)= 6809J
C. 3 to 1; W = ∫ PdV= ∫(6.643*10^-4V+0.6667)dv
=6.643*10^-4\3(V1^3-V3^3)+0.6667(V1-V3)
=-32.35L.atm = -3278J
deltU=3\2R(T1-T3) = 3\2*8.314*(273-1092)= -10214J
q=deltU+W = -10214-3278= -13492J
Wtotal = 2270 - 3278= -1008J
q total = 5675+6809-13492= -1008J
3.The initial state of a quantity of monatomic ideal gas is P = 1 atm, V
= 1 liter, and T = 373 K. The gas is isothermally expanded to a volume
of 2 liters and is then cooled at constant pressure to the volume V . This
volume is such that a reversible adiabatic compression to a pressure of 1
atm returns the system to its initial state. All of the changes of state are
conducted reversibly. Calculate the value of V and the total work done
on or by the gas.
sol. n=P1V1\RT= 1*1\0.08206*373 = 0.0327mole
isothermal expansion: P2=P1V1\V2= 1\2= 0.5 atm
constant pressure compression to state 3 ;
P1V1^5\3=P3V3^5\3 ;, 1=0.5V3^5\3 : V3=1,52L
·1 1 to 2; W=nRTlnV2\V1= 0.0327*8.314*373*ln2 = 70.3J
w={1\2[(10-1)(246.2-24.6)]+1(246.2-24.6)}
= 123.4KJ
B)2 to 3; P3=1, V3=24.62
W=P(V3-V2)*101.32
= -22.5KJ
deltV=0 ; w=0
Total work done by gas is 123.4-22.5=100.9KJ
7.One mole of an monatomic ideal gas at 25° C and 1 atm undergoes the
following reversibly conducted cycle: a. An isothermal expansion to 0.5
atm, followed by b.An isobaric expansion to 100° C, followed byc.An
isothermal compression to 1 atm, followed by d. An isobaric
compression to 25° C The system then undergoes the followinreversible
cyclic process: a.An isobaric expansion to 100° C, followed by b. A
decrease in pressure at constant volume to the pressure P atm,followed
by c. An isobaric compression at P atm to 24.5 liters, followed by e. An
increase in pressure at constant volume to 1 atm Calculate the value of
P which makes the work done on the gas during the first cycle equal to
the work done by the gas during the second cycle.
sol. T1=298, P1=1, V1=0.08206*298=24.45L
FIRST CYCLE
a)1 to 2; T2=298, P=0.5, V2=2*V1=48.90L
W=RTlnV2\V1=8.314*298*ln2= 1717J
b)2 to 3; T3=373, P3=0.5, V3=0.08206*373\0.5= 61.22L
W=P(V3-V 2)=0.5(61.27-48.90)*101.32=624J
c)3 to 4; T4=373, P4=1, V4=0.08206*373\1=30.61L
W=RTlnv4\v3=8.314*373ln0.5= -2150J
d)4 to 1; W=P(V1-V4)=1(24.45-30.61)*101.32= -624J
SECOND CYCLE
a)1 to 2; P2=1, T2=373, V2=0.08206*373=30.61L
W= P(V2-V1)= 1(30.61-24.45)*101.32= 624J b)2
to 3; deltV=0 :: W=0,
c)3 to 4; V4=24.5, P4=P,
W=P(24.5-30.61)*101.32= -619J
d)4 to 1; deltV=0;; W=0,
WORK DONE 1st CYCLE == -WORK DONE 2nd CYCLE
1717+624-2150-624= -624+619P,
P=0.3atm
8.Two moles of an ideal gas, in an initial state P=10 atm, V=5 liters, are
takenreversibly in a clockwise direction around a circular path
give by (V–10)2+ (P–10)2=25. Calculate the amount of work done by
the gas as a result of the process and calculate the maximum and
minimum temperatures attained by the gas during th cycle.
sol. This is closed integral so change in internal energy is zero deltU=0
To solve this we have
·4 Analytically integral ∫ PdV