Arithmetic Sequences

July 4, 2019

On observing the arrangement of numbers 1, 3, 5, 7 · · · we realise the facts —

These are odd numbers . The arrangement starts from 1 and adding 2 repatedly. One
of these rules help us to understand this arrangement. The arrangement of numbers
according to a rule is called number sequence .
1, 3, 5, 7 · · · is the sequence of odd numbers or the sequence of numbers starting from
1 and adding 2 repeatedly.
All numerical sequences are generated from natural numbers 1, 2, 3 · · · .
Worksheet 1
1. In the sequence 1, 4, 9, 16 · · ·
a) Write next three terms of this sequence
b) What is its 10 th term ?
2. In the sequence 1, 8, 27, 64 · · ·
a) Write the next three terms of this sequence
b) What is its 10 th term ?
3. Observe the sequence 3, 7, 11 · · ·
a) Write the next two more terms of this equence
b) Describe this sequencs in your own words
4. Write the sequence of numbers having 2 in ones’ place . Which is the smallest
three digit term of this sequence ?
5. Write the sequence of numbers having 1 or 6 in its ones’ place.Describe this
sequence in other words also
ANSWERS
1. a) 25, 36, 49
b) 102 = 100
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 Arithmetic Sequences

10/06/2019

We are well aware of polygons . Polygons are closed figures with sides straight lines. The number
of sides and angle sum are related . If a polygon has n sides its angle sum will be (n − 2) × 180◦ .
The exterior angle sum of any polygon will be 360◦ .The triangle is the polygon with minimum number of
sides.So we start writing the sequence of regular polygons from triangles .
Worksheet 2
1. In the sequence of regular polygons with sides 3, 4, 5 · · ·
a) Write the sequence of the sum of the inner angles
b) What is the term in the 12 th position in the sequence of inner angle sums ?
c) Write the sequence of the sum of outer angles
d) Write the sequence of one interior angle
e) Write the sequence of one exterior angle
2. Write the sequence of numbers
a) Leaving the remainder 3 on dividing by 5.
b) Which is the largest two digit term of this sequence ?
3. Look at the sequence of squares formed by match sticks

a) Write the sequence of number of match sticks

b) Write three more terms of this sequence by observing the rule which makes the sequence

4. ( Home work) A tank contains 1000 litres of water in the beginnig. It flows out at the rate of 5
litres per second.
a) How many litres of water left in the tank after each second?
b) Write their numbers as a sequence
5. ( Home Work) 17 , 27 , 3
7
· · · is a sequence of numbers
a) Which is the first integer term of this sequence ?
b) In which position of the sequence the number 2 comes as a term?
c) Is 7 a term of this sequence ? If it is a term , what will be its position in the sequence ?
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 Arithmetic Sequences

11/06/2019

Algebra of Sequences
All numerical sequences are generated from natural numbers. The relation between the
terms of the sequence and natural numbers can be expressed algebrically.
This can be explained with an example.

1, 4, 9, 16, 25 · · ·

This is the sequence of square numbers. Each term of this sequence is related to the
natural numbers as —

1 = 12 , 4 = 22 , 9 = 32 , 16 = 42 · · ·

The n th term of this sequence is n2 . We write xn = n2 . This is the algebraic form

of the sequence of square numbers. Some simple cases are given in the worksheet 3

Worksheet 3

1. 1, 2, 3 · · · is the sequence of natural numbers .

a) Write a sequence of numbers obtained by multiplying each natural number

by 3 and add 1 to the product.
b) What is the n th term of this sequence ?

2. Look at the sequence 2, 5, 10, 17 · · ·

2 = 12 + 1, 5 = 22 + 1, 10 = 32 + 1 · · ·

a) Write the algebraic form of this sequence .

b) What is the 10 th term of this sequence ?

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 3. What is the algebraic form of the sequence 15 , 25 , 35 · · · ? At what position in the
sequence 1 comes as a term ?

4. This is a sequence of triangles formed by match sticks.

A numerical sequence can be made from this by counting number of match sticks
in each term . It is 3, 5, 7, 9 · · ·
When we observe this sequence it is found that x1 = 3, x2 = 3 + 1 × 2, x3 =
3 + 2 × 2···

a) Write the algebraic form of this sequence

b) How many match sticks are used make 20 th term of the sequence ?

5. The algebraic form of a sequence is 13 n + 5.

a) At what position of this sequence the first integer term occurs.

b) Which is the first integer term of this sequence ?
b) Write the integer terms of this sequence as another sequence .
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 Arithmetic Sequences

12/06/2019

Arithmetic Sequences
We can make numerical sequences from the following situations .
A sequence got by starting with any number and adding a fixed number repaetedly is
called arithmetic sequence
The fixed number which is adding repeatedly is called common difference .
Worksheet 4
1. Equilateral triangles of sides 2cm, 4cm, 6cm · · · are drawn as a sequence
a) Write the sequence of perimeters
b) Write three more terms of this sequence
c) Write the sequence of its altitudes
2. Squares of sides 1cm , 2cm, 3cm · · · are drawn as a sequence.
a) Write the sequence of perimeters
b) Describe this sequence of perimeters in other words
c) Write the sequence of diagonals and describe it in other words
3. Look at the sequence given below
2, 7, 12, 17 · · ·
This sequence is obtained by taking natural numbers which leaves the remainder
2 on dividing by 5.
a) Describe this sequence in two other ways
b) Find the algebraic form of this sequence
4. Make groups of natural numbers as follows
a) (1, 2), (3, 4), (5, 6), (7, 8) · · ·
Add the numbers in each group and write the sum as a sequence
b) (1, 2, 3), (4, 5, 6), (7, 8, 9) · · ·
Add the numbers in each group and write the sum as a sequence
c) (1, 2, 3, 4), (5, 6, 7, 8), (9, 10, 11, 12) · · ·
Add the numbers in each group and write the sum as a sequence
d) Observe the terms of these sequences and describe them in another way
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 Arithmetic Sequences

13/06/2019

Arithmetic Sequences
In the fourth worksheet we have discussed the development of arithmetic sequences
from various situations. These sequences are listed below
• 6, 12, 18 · · ·
√ √ √
• 3, 2 3, 3 3 · · ·
• 4, 8, 12 · · ·
√ √ √
• 2, 2 2, 3 2 · · ·
• 3, 7, 11, 15 · · ·
• 6, 15, 24 · · ·
• 10, 36, 52 · · ·
All these sequences are arithmetic sequences. The first number is called first term of
the sequence and the number to be added repeatedly is called common difference . The
worksheet 5 given below help us to understand arithmetic sequences.
As dicussed in the text book we can find the algebraic form of an arithmetic sequence
as follows

3, 7, 11, 15 · · ·
x1 = 3, x2 = 3 + 1 × 4, x3 = 3 + 2 × 4, x4 = 3 + 3 × 4 · · ·
xn = 3 + (n − 1) × 4
xn = 3 + 4n − 4 = 4n − 1 . Without a generalization we can find the algebraic form
of an arithmetic sequence in this way.
Worksheet 5
1. Write the algebric form for each of the following sequences
a) Sequence of odd numbers
b) Sequence of natural numbers which leave the remainder 1 on dividing by 3
c) Sequence of numbers ending in 1
d) Sequence of natural numbers ending in 1 or 6

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 2. See the pictures below

a) Write the number of small squares in each picture as a sequence. Write its
algebraic form
b) Write the number of large squares as a sequence and write its algebraic
form
c) Write sequence of all squares in each picture as a sequence. Write the
algebraic form

3. Look at the sequence 5, 8, 11, 14 · · ·

a) What is its first term and common difference

b) Find the algebraic form of this sequence
c) Using the algebraic form write the 10 th term of this sequence
d) Divide each term of this sequence by the common difference and comment
on the remainder

4. In the arithmetic sequence 7, 13, 19, 25 · · ·

a) Find the algebraic form of this sequence

b) Using its algebraic form find the 20 th term of this sequence
c) What should be added to the second term 13 to get the fifth term 31?
d) What is the difference between 10th term and 18 th term of this sequence
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 Arithmetic Sequences

14/06/2019

• The difference between any two terms of an arithmetic sequence will be a multiple
of its common difference .

• If the terms of an arithmetic sequence are natural numbers ,the terms leave the
same remainder on division by the common difference .

• When a multiple of common difference is added to a term of an arithmetic sequence

we get another term of the same sequence .

Worksheet 6

1. Consider the sequence 10, 14, 18, 22 · · ·

a) What is the common difference of this sequence ?

b) What is the remainder ontained by dividing the terms by its common difference
?
c) Is 162 is a term of this sequence ?
d) What is the smallest number number added to 140 to get a term of this
sequence ?

2. The common difference of an arithmetic sequence is 5.

a) What is the difference between 10 th term and 17 th term of this sequence

?
b) Can the difference between any two terms of this sequence be 152? Explain
If 13 is a term of this sequence write another term of this sequence . Justify
your answer
d) If 3 is the first term of this sequence write its algebraic form

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3. In the staircase shown here the height of first step is 10cm and the height of each
step after it is 17.5cm

a) How high from the first step would be someone climbing up after each step
?
b) Suppose that someone climbing up from the ground. Write the sequence
of heights attained
c) Find the algebraic form of this sequence
d) How much height one can attain from 6 th step to 15 th step

4. If a, b, c are the terms of an arithmetic sequence , prove that b = a+b+c

3
√ √ √
5. Prove that the numbers 2, 3, 5 cannot be the terms of the same arithmetic
sequence
Hint : The difference between any two terms of an√arithmetic
√ √ sequence will be a
multiple of its common difference . Assume that 2, 3, 5 are the terms of
the same arithmetic sequence .
√ √ √ √
5 − 3 = m × d, 3 − 2 = n × d
√ √
5− 3 m
√ √ =
3− 2 n
LHS is an irrational number and RHS is rational , which makes a contradiction

6. If all terms of an arithmetic sequence are natural numbers and one term is a
perfect square then the sequence includes more perfect square terms
Let n2 be a perfect square term. Add 2n + d times d to n2
n2 + (2n + d) × d = (n + d)2 . This is a perfect square term of this sequence
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 Arithmetic Sequences

15/06/2019

We have dicussed the algebra of a sequence. The algebraic form of an arithmetic

sequence can be determined by the process given below
5, 8, 11, 14, 17 · · ·
The common difference of this sequence is 8 − 5 = 3
x1 = 5, x2 = 5 + 1 × 3, x3 = 5 + 2 × 3, x4 = 5 + 3 × 3 · · ·

xn = 5 + (n − 1) × 3 = 5 + 3n − 3 = 3n + 2
If f is the first term and d is the common difference of an arithmetic sequence
f, f + d, f + 2d, f + 3d · · ·
is the general form of an arithmetic sequence . When (n − 1) times common difference
is added to the first term we get its n th term.
xn = f + (n − 1) × d = f + dn − d = dn + (f − d)
xn = dn + (f − d)
Worksheet 7
1. 7, 10, 13 · · · is an arithmetic sequence.
a) What is the common difference of this sequence ?
b) Write the algebraic form of this sequence
c) Check whether 2020 a term of this sequence or not
d) If it is a term what will be its position in the sequence
e) What should be added to 13 th term to get 20 th term?
2. −117, −113, −109 · · · is an arithmetic sequence
a) What is the common difference of this sequence ?
b) Write the algebric form of this sequence
c) Which is the first positive term of this sequence ?
d) How many negative terms are there in this sequence ?
3. Consider the arithmetic sequences 9, 7, 5 · · · and 24, 21, 18 · · ·
a) Write the algebraic form of the sequence 9, 7, 5 · · ·
b) Write the algebraic form of the sequence 24, 21, 18 · · ·
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c) If n th term of both the sequences are equal ,find the value of n
d) Find the term which is same in both the sequences
4. Consider the natural numbers 1, 2, 3 · · ·

a) Write the sequence of natural numbers which leave the remainder 1 on

dividing by 7.
b) Write the algebraic form of this sequence
c) Which is the smallest three digit term of this sequence ?
d) Which is the largest three digit term of this sequence ?
e) How many three digit terms are there in this sequence ?

5. If the 2nd term of an arithmetic sequence is 13 and 5 th term is 25.

a) What is its common difference ?

b) Find the first term of this sequence
c) Write the algebraic form of this sequence
d) Find the 20 th term of this sequence

6. 5 times 5 th term of an arithmetic sequence is 10 times its 10 th term . What is

its 15 th term? What is the product of first 15 terms of this sequence ?
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 Arithmetic Sequences

16/06/2019

Comprehension Question (6 Marks)

The sequence starting from a number and adding another number repeatedly is called
arithmetic sequence. Let us think about a special type of arithmetic sequence whose
common difference is twice the first term and the number of terms is equal to the number
representing first term itself. Naturally all terms are counting numbers .

4, 12, 20, 28
In this sequence d = 2f and f = n where f, d, n have usual meaning . The sum of
the terms is found to be 64 = 43 .
All arithmetic sequences have another property. The sum of the terms equdistant from
both ends are equal. This property can be used to calculate the sum of the terms of the
arithmetic sequence .
In this example 4 + 28 = 12 + 20 = 32 . So the sum is 2 × 32 = 64. These type of
arithmetic sequences will have this property always. Based on this answer the following
questions .

a) Write a sequence whose first term and number of terms 3 and common difference
twice the first term

b) Write the number 125 as the sum of 5 numbers which forms an arithmetic sequence

c) The sum numbers forming the arithmetic sequence 7, 21, 35 · · · makes the cube
of 7. How many terms are there in this sequence ?

d) Write an arithmetic sequence for calculating 63 by summing up its terms

e) Prove this property algebraically 1

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 Arithmetic Sequences

17/06/2019

An Important Property of arithmetic sequence

As we discussed earlier arithmetic sequence is a sequence of numbers starting from
any number and adding another number repeatedly.
1, 3, 5, 7 · · · 19
is the sequence of odd numbers below 20. There are 10 terms in this sequence. We
can make 5 pairs of numbers as follows

(1, 19), (3, 17), (5, 15), (7, 13), (9, 11)
These pairing is done by taking terms equidistant from both ends of the sequence. Sum
of the numbers in each pair is 20 and to get the sum of all terms of this sequence is
5 × 20.
If there are odd number of terms in the sequence this pairing leave one number at the
center. That middle term will be half of the sum of numbers in the pair.

1, 3, 5, 7 · · · 21
The pairing can be done as follows
(1, 21), (3, 19), (5, 17), (7, 15), (9, 13), 11
The number 11 comes at the right end of above line is the middle term of the sequence.
It is half of 22, the sum of numbers in the pair
Worksheet 8
1. Consider the arithmetic sequence 2, 6, 10, 14 · · · 38 .
a) Write the algebraic form of this sequence
b) How many terms are there in this sequence ?
c) What is the sum of 5 th and 6 th terms of this sequence ?
d) Find the sum of all terms of this sequence
2. The algebraic form of an arithmetic sequence is 3n + 5 .
a) What is the common difference of this sequence ?
b) What is its first term and 30 th term ?
c) What is the sum of 15 th term and 16 th term of this sequence?
d) Find the sum of all terms of this1 sequence .
3. 10, 17, 24 · · · is an arithmetic sequence

a) Find the algebraic form of this sequence

b) What is the 16 th term of this sequence ?
c) What is the sum of 1st and 31 st term of this sequence ?
d) Find the sum of first 31 terms of this sequence

4. The sum of 10 th and 11 th terms of an arithmetic sequence is 153.

a) What is the sum of 1st and 20 th term of this sequence ?

b) Find the sum of first 20 terms of this sequence
c) If the 5 th term is 38 what is 16 th term ?
d) Find the common difference of this sequence
e) Write the algebraic form of this sequence

5. The fifth term of an arithmetic sequence is 38 and ninth term is 66.

a) What is the common difference of this arithmetic sequence ?

b) What is the first term of this sequence ?
c) Find the algebraic form of this sequence
d) What is the sum of first and thirteenth term of this sequence?
g) What is the sum of first 38 terms of this sequence ?
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 Arithmetic Sequences

18/06/2019

Worksheet 10
1. The algebraic form of an arithmetic sequence is 3n + 7.
a) What is the common difference of this arithmetic sequence?
b) What is the difference between 20th term and 27 th term of this sequence
?
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2. The first term of an arithmetic sequence is 3 and common difference is 6

a) Write the algebraic form of this sequence

b) What position in the sequence 1 become a term ?
c) Prove that this sequence contains all natural numbers
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3. The first term of an arithmetic sequence is 3 and common difference 23 .
a) Write the algebraic form of this sequence
b) Suggest suitable values for n which gives all odd numbers as terms
c) Which term of this sequence is 99 ?
d) Prove that this sequence contains no even numbers
4. In the arithmetic sequence 4, 7, 10 · · ·
a) Write the algebraic form of this sequence
b) Prove that the squares of all the terms of this arithmetic sequence belong
to the sequence .
5. 11 14 17
8 , 8 , 8 · · · is an arithmetic sequence .
a) What is the common difference of this sequence ?
b) Write the algebraic form of this sequence
c) Which is the first integer term of this sequence ?
d) Write the sequence of integer terms of this sequence
e) Find the algebraic form of the sequence formed by integral terms
g) Find the 20 th integer term of this sequence
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 Arithmetic Sequences

19/06/2019

Let us consider three consecutive terms of an arithmetic sequence.If the middle

term is x and the common difference is d, the terms will be x − d, x, x + d .The five
consecutive terms of an arithmetic sequence can be taken as x − 2d, x − d, x, x +
d, x + 2d.
The angles of a right angled triangle are in an arithmetic sequence. Find the angles.
The angles are x − d, x, x + d . The angle sum x − d + x + x + d = 180◦ .
3x = 180, x = 60. The largest angle x + d = 90, 60 + d = 90, d = 30 . The angles
are 60 − 30, 60, 60 + 30 = 30, 60, 90
Worksheet 11
1. The sum three consecutive terms of an arithmetic sequence is 45.
a) What is the middle term of these three terms ?
b) If the common difference of this sequence is 3 , write these three terms
c) If the largest among them is the fifth term what is its first term?
d) Write the algebraic form of this sequence and find its 20 th term
2. The sum of the first five terms of an arithmetic sequence is 30.
a) What is the middle term of this sequence ?
b) If the common difference is 4 what are these five terms?
c) Write the algebraic form of this sequence
d) How many terms are there in this sequence below 100?
3. The first term of an arithmetic sequence is 1 and the sum of the first four terms
is 100.
a) What is the sum of first and fourth terms of this sequence ?
b) What is the sum of second and third terms of this sequence ?
c) What is the fourth term of this sequence ?
d) Find the common difference of this sequence
e) Write the these four trems
4. Write four arithmetic sequences with 100 as the sum of first four terms
5. Find the first three terms of an arithmetic sequence with first term 30 and sum
of the first three terms is 300 1
6. Find the first three terms of an arithmetic sequence with first term 30 and sum
of the first four terms is 300
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 Arithmetic Sequences

19/06/2019

Recall that the sum of the terms equidistant from both ends of an arithmetic sequence
are equal. This can be used to calculate the sum of a definite number of terms of an
arithmetic sequence. This can be explained with an example.

7, 11, 15, 19 · · · 179

Based on this arithmetic sequence some questions should be answered.

a) What is the first term and common difference of this sequence ?

b) Write the algebraic form of this sequence

c) How many terms are there in this sequence ?

d) Calculate the sum of the terms of this sequence

Answers

a) f = 7, d = 11 − 7 = 4

b) xn = dn + (f − d) = 4n + 3

c) Let there be n terms in this sequence and its n th term is 179.

4n + 3 = 179, 4n = 176, n = 44

d) On pairing from both ends we get 22 pairs having the sum 186 . The sum of the
terms = 186 × 22 = 4092

By proper discussions we can generalize —

Ifx1 is the first term and xn is the n th term , sum of the terms is = (x1 + xn ) × n
2

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 Worksheet 12

1. 13, 18, 23 · · · is an arithmetic sequence

a) Write the common difference of this sequence

b) Find the algebraic form of this arithmetic sequence
c) Find the 30 th term of this sequence
d) Calcualte the sum of first 30 terms of this sequence.

2. The algebraic form of an arithmetic sequence is 6n + 1.

a) Find the first term of this sequence

b) Find the expression for the sum of the first n terms of this sequence
c) Using this calculate the sum of first 20 terms of the sequence
d) Calculate the sum of terms from 10 th to 20 th of this sequence

3. The angles of a pentagon are in arithmetic sequence.

a) Find the angle which comes as the middle term of this sequence
b) If the smallest angle of this pentagon is 40◦ what will be the largest angle
c) Prove that the smallest angle is greater than 36◦

4. The sum of the first n terms of an arithmetic sequence is 5n2 + 6n.

a) Find the first term of this sequence

b) Find the common difference of this sequence
c) Write the algebraic form of this sequence
d) Calculate the difference between the sum of first 10 and the sum of next
10 terms of this sequence

5. Sum of the first 5 terms of an arithmetic sequence is 150. The sum of the first
10 terms is 550

a) Find the third term of this sequence

b) What is the sum of fifth and sixth terms
c) what is the sum of first and tenth terms
d) What is the eighth term of this sequence
e) Write the first three terms of this sequence
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 Arithmetic Sequences

21/06/2019

The process of calculating the sum of first n natural numbers , the sum of first n
even numbers and the sum of first n odd numbers are discussed in this section.

• The sum of first n natural numbers = n

2 × (n + 1)
• The sum of first n even numbers = n(n + 1)
• The sum of first n odd numbers = n2
• In an arithmetic sequence having algebraic form an + b , the sum of first n terms
= a(1 + 2 + 3 · · · + n) + nb = a × n2 (n + 1) + nb

Worksheet 13(A)

a) Find the sum of first 20 natural numbers

b) Find the sum of first 20 even numbers
c) Find the sum of first 20 odd numbers
d) Find the sum of natural numbers from 20 to 50
e) How many consecutive odd numbers from 1 makes the sum 625

Worksheet 13(B)
a) Find the sum of first 100 natural numbers
b) What is the difference between the sum of the first 10 even numbers and
the sum of first 10 odd numbers
c) Consider the sequence 1, 3, 6, 10, 15 · · · . This is the sequence of triangular
numbers .
1 = 1, 3 = 1 + 2, 6 = 1 + 2 + 3, 10 = 1 + 2 + 3 + 4 · · ·
What is the 10 th term of this sequence
d) The sum of some odd numbers beginning from 1 in the oder of odd numbers
make the sum in between 900 and 1000. How many numbers makes this
sum ?
e) Calculate the sum of first 100 even numbers

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 Worksheet 13(C)

a) Write the number of numbers in each line as a sequence

b) How many numbers are there in 30 th line ?
c) Which number comes at the right end of 30 th line ? [d)] Which number
comes at the left end of 30 th line? e)] Which number comes just below
400 in this pattern ?
f) Calculate the sum of all numbers used for making 30 lines
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 Arithmetic Sequences

24/06/2019

The numbers 1, 3, 6, 10, 16, 21 · · · is the sequence of triangular numbers. The

algebraic form of this sequence can be be findout by the following process
1 = 1, 3 = 1 + 2, 6 = 1 + 2 + 3, 10 = 1 + 2 + 3 + 4 · · ·
n
xn = 1 + 2 + 3 · · · + n = (n + 1)
2
Worksheet 14 (A)
1. Observe the pattern given below and answer the questions

a) How many numbers are there in the 20 th line of this patteren

b) Which number comes at the right end of 20 th line ?
c) Which number comes at the left end of 20 th line ?
d) Can 91 a number at the end of a line ?
e) Which number comes just below the 10 th line
f) Find the sum of all number used to form 10 lines of this pattern

2. Answer the following questions from the pattern given below

a) Write the number of numbers in each line as a sequence

b) Write the sequence of numbers in the right end of each line
c) Which number comes at the right end of 20 th line ?
d) Which number comes at the left end of 20 th line ?
e) Find the sum of all numbers up to the end of 20 th line

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3. Answer the following questions from the pattern given below

a) Write the number of numbers in each line as a sequence

b) Write the sequence of numbers in the right end of each line
c) Write the algebraic form of this sequence
d) Which number comes at the right end of 20 th line ?
e) Which number comes at the left end of 20 th line ?
f) Find the sum of all numbers up to the end of 20 th line

4. Answer the following questions from the pattern given below

a) Write the number of numbers in each line as a sequence

b) Write the sequence of numbers in the right end of each line
c) Write the algebraic form of this sequence
d) Which number comes at the right end of 20 th line ?
e) Which number comes at the left end of 20 th line ?
f) Find the sum of all numbers up to the end of 20 th line

5. Answer the following questions from the pattern given below

The lines divide the plane into sections .No two lines are parallel and not more
than two lines passes through a point . The number of sections make a sequence
.

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 a) Write the sequence of sections of plane by the lines
b) 2 = 1 + 1, 4 = 1 + (1 + 2), 7 = 1 + (1 + 2 + 3) · · · .
Write the algebraic form of this sequence
c) How many sections are formed by 10 lines
d) How mant lines are needed to make 211 sections ?
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 Arithmetic Sequences

25/06/2019

Calculate the the difference between first 20 terms and next 20

terms of the sequence 6, 10, 14 · · ·
Answer
xn = dn + (f − d) = 4n + 2
The difference of the sums
[4(21+22+23 · · ·+40)+10×2]−[4(1+2+3 · · ·+10)+20×2]
4(21 − 1) + 4(22 − 2) · · · 4(40 − 20)
20 × 80 = 1600
This process is not familiar in present class rooms but can be fol
lowed as the part of continuous evaluation.
Assignment
a) Using the property of arithmetic sequence establish a formula
to calculate the sum of the first n counting numbers
b) Using this find the sum of first 20 natural numbers
c) Find the sum of the counting numbers from 10 to 20
d) What is the difference between the sum of the first 20 terms
and the 20 terms of the sequence 6, 10, 14 · · · ( Text Book
Question)
d) Prove that the difference between the sum of first n natural
numbers and the sum of the next n natural numbers is n2
e) Prove that the difference between the sum of first n terms
and the sum of the next n terms of an arithmetic sequence is
n2 d 1
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 Arithmetic Sequences

26/06/2019

As we discussed earlier the numbers 1, 3, 6, 10 · · · are triangular numbers. The

algebraic form of the sequence of triangular numbers is xn = n2 (n + 1).
f, f + d, f + 2d, f + 3d, f + 4d, f + 5d · · ·
represents an arithmetic sequence . We can arrange the terms of this sequence as a
pattern

In this arrangement we can see triangular numbers in its first column . This observation
help us to answer cetrain questions of this section.
Worksheet 16
1. Look at the pattern given below

1
 a) What is the common difference of the sequence of numbers which makes
the pattern ?
b) Write the numbers in the left end of the pattern as a sequence
c) Write the terms of this sequence as the sum of first term4 and multiple of
3.
d) The fourth triangular number is 10. What is the fifth term of this sequence
?
e) Find the fifth triangular number and sixth term of this sequence
f) Calculate the first number in the 10 th line of this pattern
g) Write the next two lines of the pattern above and calculate first and last
numbers of the 20 th lne (TBQ)

2. Consider the arithmetic sequence 3, 5, 7, 9 · · ·

a) Write the algebraic form of this sequence

b) Find the sum of first n terms of this sequence
c) Using the sum of first n terms calculate the sum of first 20 terms of this
sequence
d) Calculate the sum of terms from 10 th to 20 th of this sequence

3. The expressions for the sum to n terms of some arithmetic sequences are given
below . Write the sequence by finding first term and common difference

n2 + 2n, 2n2 + n, n2 − 2n, 2n2 − n, n2 − n

4. Write the algebraic form of the sequences whose expression for sum to n terms
are

n2 + 2n, 2n2 + n, n2 − 2n, 2n2 − n, n2 − n

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 Arithmetic Sequences
Unit Test

27/06/2019

1. Algebraic form of an arithmetic sequence is 3n + 4.

What is the common difference of this sequence ? What is the remainder obtained
by dividing the terms by its common difference ?

2 marks

2. The algebraic expression of sum to n terms of an arithmetic sequence is n2 + n.

a) What is the first term of this sequence ?

b) Find the common difference of this sequence
c) Write the algebraic form of this sequence

3 marks

3. Consider the sequence 1, 3, 5, 7, · · · . This is an arithmetic sequence having first

term 1 and common difference 2

a) In the sequence it can be seen that

1 = 1 2 , 1 + 3 = 2 2 , 1 + 3 + 5 = 32 · · · .
What is the sum of first 10 terms ?
b) How many terms from the beginning makes the sum 900?
c) Can the sum of any 25 terms of this sequence 2020? Justify your answer
d) Prove that the sum of first n terms of this sequence is a perfect square

4 marks

4. The 6 th term of an arithmetic sequence is 24.

1
 a) What is the sum of first and 11 th terms of this sequence ?
b) What is the sum of 5th and 7th term ?
c) If the second term is 0 then what is its common difference ?
d) Calculate the sum of first 11 terms of this sequence ?
e) What is the product of first 11 terms of this sequence ?

5 marks

5. Look at the sequence of triangles formed by dots .

The first figure is a dot. Second figure has 3 dots arranged in the form of a
triangle. Third figure has 6 dots in the form of a triangle
Also 1 = 1, 3 = 1 + 2, 6 = 1 + 2 + 3 · · · is a way of expanding these numbers
. The number of dots in the fourth figure will be 1 + 2 + 3 + 4 = 10. This can
be continued logically.
Answer the following questions

a) Write the number of dots in each figure as a sequence

b) Which number comes as the sixth term of this sequence ?
c) Which is the first two digit perfect square in this sequence ?
d) The sum of two adjacent numbers in the sequence is a perfect square.
Example: 1 + 3 = 4, 3 + 6 = 9
Write 25 as the sum of two terms of this sequence
e) The algebraic form of this sequence is
xn = n(n+1)
2 . Write the tenth term of this sequence
f) Which is the largest two digit term of this sequence

6 scores

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 Circles

28/06/2019

Angle on the semicircle is 90◦ . Angle outside the semicircle is less than 90◦ , angle
inside the semicircle is greater than 90◦ . This can be visualised by geogebra easily .
Worksheet 17
1. In the figure AB is the diameter of a circle. The lines AP and BQ are perpendicular
to the line P Q.

a) Draw a rough diagram and join suitable points in the figure to make 90◦
angle.
b) How can you say the lines P A = QC?

2. Draw a circle of diameter 5cm. Construct a rectangle of one side 4 cm and its
verices are on this circle. Write the principle of construction
3. In the figure P is the center and AB the diameter of the outer circle.Q is the
center and AP is the diameter of middle circle

a) If AE = 5 cm write the length EC

b) What is the ratio AD : DE : EC?

4. Triangle ABC is an isoceles triangle with sides AB = AC. Prove that the
circle with diameter AB passes through the center of the base line BC

1
 5. AB is the diameter of a semicircle. ∠AP B, ∠AQB and ∠ARB are in an
arithmetic sequence .

a) What is the measure of ∠AQB?

b) If ∠AP B = 40◦ , what is the measure of ∠ARB?
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 Circles

29/06/2019

Worksheet 19

1. What is the position of the vertex of an equilateral triangle based on a circle with
opposite side as the diameter?
ഒ സമ ജ ിേകാണ ിെ ഒ വശം വ ാസമാ ി വര െ അടി ാനമാ ി
എതിർശീർഷ ിെ ാനം എവിെടയാണ് ?

2. ABCD is a quadrilateral in which ∠A = 120◦ , ∠B = 70◦ , ∠C = 80◦

ABCDഎ ച ർ ജ ിൽ ∠A = 120◦ , ∠B = 70◦ , ∠C = 80◦ ആയാൽ

a) What is the measure of angle D?

േകാൺ D െട അളവ് എ യാണ് ?
b) What is the position of B and D based on the circle with diameter AC?
AC വ ാസമായ െ അടി ാനമാ ി B െട ം D െട ം ാനം
എവിെടയാണ് ?
c) What is the position of A and C based on the circle with diameter BD?
BD വ ാസമായ െ അടി ാനമാ ി A െട ം C െട ം ാനം
എവിെടയാണ് ?

3. The sides of a triangle are 6cm , 8cm and 10cm

ഒ ിേകാണ ിെ വശ ൾ 6െസ.മീ ർ , 8െസ.മീ ർ , 10െസ.മീ ർ വീതമാണ്
.

1
 a) What type of triangle is this ?
ഏ തരം ിേകാണമാണ് ഇത് ?
b) A circle is drawn with longest side of the triangle as the diameter. What is
the position of the opposite vertex based on this circle ?
ഏ ം നീളം ടിയ വശം വ ാസമാ ി വര െ അടി ാനമാ ി
എതിർശീർഷ ിെ ാനം എവിെടയാണ് ?
c) Circles are drawn with other two sides as the diameter. What is the position
of opposite vertex based on this circle
മ ് ര ് വശ െള ം വ ാസമാ ി ം വര .ഈ െ അടി ാനമാ ി
എതിർശീർഷ ിെ ാനം എവിെടയാണ് ?

4. ABCD is a rhombus. Circles are drawn with its sides as the dimeter.
ABCDഒ സമ ജസാമാ രീകമാണ്. വശ െള വ ാസമാ ി ൾ വര ിരി .

a) What is the angle between the diagonals AC and BD?

വികർ ൾ ിടയി േകാൺ എ ?
b) Prove that the circles passes through the point of intersection of the diagonals
ൾ വികർ ൾഖ ി ബി വി െട കട േപാ എ ്
െതളിയി ക
√ √ √
5. 2 cm , 3cm , 5 cm are the sides of a triangle. Circles are drawn with the
sides as the diameter. √ √ √
ഒ ിേകാണ ിെ വശ ൾ 2 cm , 3cm , 5 cm വീതമാണ്. വശ ൾ
വ ാസമാ ി ൾ വര .

a) What
√ is the position of the opposite vertex based on the circle with diameter
√5.
5 െസ.മീ നീള വശം വ ാസമാ ി വര െ അടി ാനമാ ി
എതിർശീർഷ ിെ ാനം എവിെടയാണ് ?
b) What
√ is the position of the opposite vertex based on the circle with diameter
√3
5 െസ.മീ നീള വശം വ ാസമാ ി വര െ അടി ാനമാ ി
എതിർശീർഷ ിെ ാനം എവിെടയാണ് ?
c) What
√ is the position of the opposite vertex based on the circle with diameter
√2
2 െസ.മീ നീള വശം വ ാസമാ ി വര െ അടി ാനമാ ി
എതിർശീർഷ ിെ ാനം എവിെടയാണ് ?

6. The angles of a triangle are in the ratio 1 : 2 : 3

ഒ ിേകാണ ിെ േകാ കൾ 1 : 2 : 3 എ അംശബ ിലാണ് .

a) What are the angles of this triangle?

ിേകാണ ിെ േകാ കൾ എ വീതമാണ് ?

2
 b) What is the position of one vertex based on the opposite side as the
diameter?
ഒ വശം വ ാസമാ ി വര െ അടി ാനമാ ി എതിർശീർഷ ിെ
ാനം എവിെടയാണ് ?
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 Circles

30/06/2019

An arc of a circle can make three type of angles —angle on itself , angle at the center and
angle in the complement. The angle formed by the arc at the center is twice the angle formed
in the complement.
The sum of the angle on the arc and in the copmplement is 180◦

Worksheet 20

1. In the figure ∠AOC = 70◦ . Find angle ABC and angleADC

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 2. In the figure ∠COD = 40◦ . Find ∠ADC, ∠ABC and ∠AOC

3. In the figure OACB is a parallelogram. ∠OAC = 40◦ . Find ∠OBC, ∠ACB, ∠AOB
and ∠AP B

4. In the figure ∠OAB = 20◦ , ∠OCB = 30◦ . Find ∠ABC, ∠AOC and ∠ADC

5. In the figure triangle OAB is an equilateral triangle .Find ∠ACB, ∠ADB and ∠BDE

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 Circles

1/07/2019

Worksheet 21

1. Three vertices of a parallelogram lie on a circle. Fourth vertex is at the center of

the circle. Find the angles of the parallelogram.

or

In the figure O is the center of a circle. Find the angles of the parallelogram
OABC

a) Draw AP and CP , mark the angle AP C = x

b) What is the measure of ∠AOC?
c) What is the measure of ∠ABC?
d) What is the sum of the angle measures ∠AP C and ∠ABC . Find x
e) write the angles of OABC

1
2. In the figure ABCD is a square drawn in a circle.

a) What is the angle between the diagonals AC and BD?

b) What is the measure of angle AP B?
c) What is the measure of angle AQB?

3. In the figure ∠ACB = 20◦ , ∠BAC = 30◦ .

a) Find the measure of ∠AOB and ∠BOC

b) Find the angle ADC
c) Find the angle ABC

4. In the figure O is the center of the circle . ∠AOB = x, ∠AP B = y

∠AEB = z

2
 a) What is ∠ADB and ∠ACB?
b) Find ∠EDP and ∠ECP
c) Prove that x = y + z
d) If the radius of the circle is 5cm and y + z = 60◦ , what is the length of
the chord AB?

5. Construct the following

a) An equilateral triangle whose vertices are on a circle of radius 4cm

b) Triangle ABC in which ∠A = 50◦ , ∠B = 70◦ and radius of the circumcircle
is 3.5cm
c) 30◦ angle and 150◦ angle in the same circle
d) 45◦ angle and 135◦ angle in the same circle
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 Circles

2/07/2019

Worksheet 22
1. Answer the following clock face problems

a) The numbers 1 and 2 on a clock face are joined to the center of the clock.
What is the small angle between these lines
b) Two adjacent numbers of a clock face are joined to another number by
straight lines . What is the small angle between these lines ?
c) The numbers 12 and 3 are joined to 8 of a clock face. What is the measure
of the angle between these lines ?
d) A triangle is formed by joining 2, 6 and 10 of a clock face. What kind of
triangle is this ? What is the angle between the lines joined by two vertices
to the center of the clock face?
e) What is the angle between minute hand and hour hand at 7.20? At 7.20
the tips of the arms are joined to 12 by lines . What is the angle between
these lines ?
Ans:

2. The numbers 1, 4 and 8 on a clock face are joined to make a triangle. Calculate
the angles of this triangle
3. How many equilateral triangles can we make by joining numbers on the clock’s
face?

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 4. A, B and C are three points in a circle which makes triangle the triangle ABC.
B and C are joined to the center O .

a) If ∠BAC = x what is the measure of ∠BOC?

b) If ∠OBC = y what is the measure of ∠OCB?
c) Prove that x + y = 90◦

5. In the figure given below the verices of triangle ABC The vertices B and C are
joined to the center .

a) What is the relation between x and z?

b) Prove that x − y = 90◦
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 Circles

3/07/2019

Draw a circle and the radii OA and OB such that ∠OAB = 160◦

The arc AP B makes an angle 160◦ at the center of the circle. So this arc can make
80◦ in the complement. All angles that the arc AP B form on arcAQB is 80◦ . We can
divide the circle into two parts by the chord AB. All angles in one segment is 80◦ and
on other segment 180 − 80 = 100◦ .

Worksheet 22

1. Draw a circle of radius 3cm and divide it by a chord into two parts such that angle
on one part is 50◦ .
Draw an angle in other part . What will be its measure?

2. Draw a circle of radius 3cm . Draw a chord in the circle such that angle in one part
is 70◦ . Draw an angle in other part . Without using protractor write its measure

3. Draw an equilateral triangle whose vertices are on a circle of radius 3.5cm.

4. Draw a circle of radius 3cm and a chord in it such that angle in one segment of
the circle is 110◦ .

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 5. A chord divides a circle into two parts. The angle on one part is half of all angles
in other part.

a) Calculate the angle in one part and that in other part

a) What central angle should be taken to complete this construction?
c) Draw a circle and angles on either side of the chord on the arc such that
angle in one part is twice angle in other part

6. In the figure O is the center of the circle, ∠AP B and ∠AQB are the angles in
one arc and its complement.

a) If ∠AP B = x, ∠AOB = y and ∠AQB = z , write the relations

between x, y and z
b) If x, y, z are in an arithmetic sequence find these angle measures
c) Construct these angles without using protractor
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 Circles

4/07/2019

If all four vertices of a quadrilateral are on a circle, then its opposite angle sum is
180◦ . Such a quadrilateral is called cyclic quadrilateral.
If the opposite angles of a quadrilateral are supplementary we can draw a circle passing
through its vertices.
Among the quadrilaterals having special name rectangle , square and isoceles trapezium
shows this cyclic property.

Worksheet 24

1. ABC is a triangle in which AB = AC. The line P Q is drawn by joining the mid
points of AB and AC.

a) What is the relation between ∠B and ∠C in the quadrilateral BP QC?

b) What is the relation between ∠Q and ∠C in the quadrilateral BP QC?
c) Prove that BP QC is a cyclic quadrilateral

1
2. ABCD is a cyclic quadrilateral. The side AB is parallel to side CD. Prove that
ABCD is an isosceles trapezium.

(Hint: Follow the logic given below for writing the proof )

a) What is the relation between ∠A and ∠C?

b) What is the ralation between ∠B and ∠C
c) How does ∠A and ∠B are related ?
d) Write the concusion.

3. In the quadrilateral P QRS vertices lie on a circle, ∠P = 3x, ∠Q = y, ∠R =

x, ∠S = 5y.

a) Find the angle measures of the quadrilateral

b) If we draw a circle with the diagonal QS as the diameter where is the
position of the vertices P and R based on this circle
c) If we draw a circle with the diagonal P R as the diameter where is the
position of the vertices Q and S based on this circle

2
 4. In the figure AB is the diameter of a circle. The vertices of the quadrilateral
ABCD are on this circle. ∠ADC = 130◦ .

a) Find ∠ABC
b) What is the measure of angle C in the triangle ABC
c) If AD = CD find ∠C of the quadrilateral ABCD
d) If AD = CD find ∠A of the quadrilateral ABCD

5. In the figure ABC is right angled triangle with two sides equal.

a) What are the acute angles of triangle BAC

b) If ∠C of the quadrilateral ABCD is 70◦ , what is the measure of ∠DAB?
c) Find ∠CDA?
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 Circles

5/07/2019

Worksheet 25
1. Look at the picture

ABCD is a cyclic quadrilateral. The bisector of angle A and the bisector of

angle C intersect the circle at P and Q. Prove that the line joining P and Q is
the diameter of the circle.
Hint:

a) ∠A + ∠B = 180◦
If ∠A ∠C
2 + 2 = 90 .
◦

b) If ∠QAD = x, ∠P CD = y then x + y = 90◦

c) But ∠P CD = ∠P AD Why? 1
d) ∠P AD = y itself. What is ∠QAP ?
e) Write the concusion.
2. A, B, C are the points on a line. D, E, F are the points on another line. AC
and BD are not parallel.

a) Prove that AD is parallel to CF

b) Suggest a suitable name to the quadrilateral ACF D
c) If AC = DF prove that ACF D is a cyclic quadrilateral

3. ABC is a triangle. P is a point on BC such that AB = AP . Also AP CD is

a parallelogram.

Prove that ABCD is a cyclic quadrilateral .

4. ’ Non isosceles trapeziums are not cyclic ’ Prove!

Hint :
ABCD is non isosceles trapezium . So ∠A ̸= ∠B .
Since trapezum AB is parallel to CD and ∠B + ∠C = 180
Since ∠A ̸= ∠B, ∠A + ∠C ̸= 180◦ . ABCD is not cyclic

5. ’Parallelogram which is not rectangle is not cyclic ’. Prove!

Hint:
ABCD is a parallelogram. So ∠A = ∠C.
Not a rectangle , so ∠A = ∠C ̸= 90◦ .
Therefors ∠A + ∠C is not equal to 180◦ .

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 Circles

6/07/2019

Worksheet 26
1. ABCD is a cyclic quadrilateral. We draw a circle through its vertices. Six angles
∠P, ∠Q, ∠R, ∠S are marked as in the figure.
Prove that ∠P + ∠Q + ∠R + ∠S = 540◦ .

Hint:

a) Join P B and P C
b) P BQA is cyclic, ∠AP B + ∠Q 1 = 180◦
c) P BRC is cyclic. ∠BP C + ∠R = 180◦
d) P CSD is cyclic ,∠DP C + ∠S = 180◦
e) Adding these equations we get the answer.
 2. In the figure BD = CD, ∠CBD = 25◦

a) What is the measure of ∠CDB?

b) What is the measure of ∠BCD?
c) What is the measure of ∠BAD?
d) If AD is the diameter of the circle ,find ∠B and ∠D of the quadrilateral
ABCD

3. The diagonals of a trapezium are equal . Prove that it is a cyclic trapezium.

or
In the trapezum ABCD, AB is parallel to CD and AC = BD. Prove that
ABCD is cyclic

Hint

a) Establish the equality of triangle DP B and triangle CQA . Note that DP

and CQ are perpendicular to AB by construction
b) Establish the equality of triangle ADB and triangle BCA
c) Now we realize the isosceles nature of ABCD
d) This leads to its cyclic nature
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 Circles

7/07/2019

Worksheet 27

1. The chords AB and CD of a circle intersect at a pointP inside the circle.

Establish the relation between the segments of the intersecting chords.

a) Join AC and BD
b) How do ∠ACP and angle DBP relate Why?
c) How do ∠CAP and angle BDP relate ? Why?
d) Are the triangles P AC and P DB similar ? Write the relation between the
sides
e) Write the relation between the segments of the chords.

1
2. The chords AB and CD of a circle intersect at a pointP inside the circle.
Establish the relation between the segments of the intersecting chords.

a) Join AC and BD
b) How do ∠ACP and ∠BDP relate?
c) How do ∠ACP and ∠DBP relate ?
d) Are triangle P AC and P DB similar?
e) Write the relation between the segments P A, P B, P C and P D

3. Answer the following questions

a) In the figure3.1 the chords AB and CD intersect at O. If AO = 8cm,

CO = 6cm and OD = 4cm. Find OB
b) In the figure3.2 AB and CD of the circle intersect at O . Also OA = 5cm,
BO = 3cm, CO = 2.5cm. Determine the length of DO
c) In the figure 3.3 two chords AB and CD of the circle intersect at P outside
the circle. If AB = 5cm , BP = 3cm, and P D = 2cm. Find the length of
CD.

2
 4. AB and CD are two chords which when produced meet at P and AP = CP .

a) What is the relation between P A, P B, P C and P D?

b) Prove that AB = CD

5. In the figure the chord AE is perpendicular to CB. Given that AB = 5cm,

BD = 4 cm and CD = 9cm.

a) What is the length of the line AD?

b) What is the length of the line DE?
c) What is the length of the line CE ?
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 Circles

8/07/2019

In the case of intersecting chords of a circle , if one chord is the diameter and other
chord is perpendicular to the diameter we can modify the relation as follows.

P A × P B = P C × P D → P A × P B = P C2
Worksheet 28
1. In the figureAB is the diameter of a circle. The line CD is perpendicular to AB
, intersect AB at P .
P A = 9cm,P B = 4cm

a) What is the length of the line P C?

b) What is the length of the line CD?
c) What is the area of the circle with
1 CD as the side ?
 2. AB is the diameter of a semicircle. The lines P Q and RS are drawn perpendicular
to it.

√
a) In the first figure P Q is a line of length 14cm. What are the possible
integer lengths of AP and BP
√
b) In the second figure RS is a line of length 18cm. What are the possible
integer lengths of AR and BR
√ √
c) In the third figure P Q = 14 and RS = 18. Find the diammeter of the
semicircle as a natural number

3. Draw a square of side 3 cm and construct a rectangle whose area equal to area
of the square

a) Draw the square ABCD

b) Produce AB and mark a point E on it such that BP = 8cm
c) Join P C , draw CQ perpendicular to P C .
d) What is the relation between BQ, BP and CR?
e) BC = 3cm, BP = 8cm what is the length of line BQ?
f) Produce CB , mark a point R on it , complete the rectangle BP SR.
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 Circles

9/07/2019

Using the concept√P A × P B = P C 2 discussed in the previous worksheet we can

draw a line of length 12 cm in many ways . If P A = 4 and P B = 3 then P C will be
√
12. √
If P A = 12 andP B = 1 then P C will be 12.
Worksheet 29
1. Construct a square of area 12square cm.√
Construct an equilateral triangle of side 12cm
a) Draw a line AB of length 8cm and a semicircle with diameter AB.
b) Mark a point P on AB such that AP = 6cm and P B = 2cm
c) Draw a line through P perpendicular to AB which cut the semicircle at C.
d) What is the length of the line P C?
e) Construct a square of area 12square cm
√
f) Construct an equilateral triangle of side 12cm
2. In the figure AB is the diameter of a semicircle. The line P Q is parallel to AQ
, AB = 8cm andBQ = 2cm.Find the length of line P Q.

Answer
a) Draw a rough diagram , drop QN perpendicular to AB

b) N A × N B = N Q2
c) IfN A = x then N B = 8 − x
x(8 − x) = N Q2
d) N Q2 = 22 − x2
x(8 − x) = 4 − x2 , 8x − x2 = 4 − x2 , x = 1
2
1
e) Draw P M perpendicular to AB , AM = 12
f) M N = 7 Therefore P Q = 7cm
 3. Draw a rectangle of sides 6cm and 4 cm , construct a square having area equal
to area of the rectangle

4. How to construct an equilateral triangle of altititude 3cm ?

Steps

step 1: Draw a line of length 4cm . say AB , draw a circle with diameter AB
step2: Between A and B , mark a point P on this line such that AP = 3 cm and
P B = 1cm
step 3: Draw a line perpendicular to AB through P which cut the circle at C and D
step 4: Join AC and AD. Triangle ACD will be an equilateral triangle . AP = 3
cm will be its altitude

5. (New text book problems) In the figure a line through the center of acircle cuts
the chord into two parts . What is the radius of the circle

a) Draw the figure and make some constructions as given below

b) If P C = x then P D will be 5 + x . Apply in P A × P B = P C × P D

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 Circles

10/07/2019

Unit Test : Circles

1. Two angles of a triangle are 60◦ and 20◦ .A circle is drawn with the common arm
as the diameter.

a) What is the measure of third angle of the triangle?

b) Where is the vertex of the third angle based on this circle? Is it outside or
inside or on the circle.
2 scores

2. The diagonals AC and BD of a quadrilateral intersect at P . If P A = 12cm,

P C = 3cm, P B = 9cm and P D = 4 cm

a) What kind of quadrilateral is ABCD?

b) If ∠A of this quadrilateral is 70◦ , what is the measure of ∠C?

2 scores

3. In the figure OAB is an equilateral triangle.

a) What is the measure of ∠AOB?

b) What is the measure of ∠AP B?
c) What is the measure of ∠AQB?

3 scores

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 √
4. Draw a circle of radius 2cm. Construct a chord of length 2 3 in this circle. What
will be the area of the square with this chord as a side?

4 scores

5. In triangle ABC , ∠A = 70◦ , ∠B = 80◦ and the radius of the circumcircle is 3

cm. Construct the triangle.

4 scores

6. ABCD is a cyclic quadrilateral. A circle passing through A and B meets AD

and BC at E and F .

a) What is the relation between the angles B and D in the quadrilateral

ABCD?
b) The line EF is parallel to CD. Can you agree with this statement . Justify
your opinion
c) Prove that EF CD is also a cyclic quadrilateral
d) If angle EF C = 70◦ what are the angle measures of EF CD

5 scores
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3
 Mathematics of Chance

11/07/2019

Probability is the study of chances of events happening. By means of probability ,the

chance of events is measured by number lying between 0 and 1 . Sometimes probabity
of an event becomes 1.
Worksheet 1
1. The numbers from 1 to 10 are written in small paper pieces and placed in a box.
One is taken from the box without looking into the box.
a) How many paper pieces are there , in which even numbers are written in
the box?
b) What is the probability of getting an even number?
c) What is the probabilty of getting an odd number?
2. The nine letters of the word M ALAY ALAM are written in small paper pieces
are placed in a box. One is taken from the box at random .
a) What is the probability of getting the letter M ?
b) What is the probability of not getting the letter M ?
3. The numbers21 , 22 , 23 · · · 250 are written in in small paper pieces and placed in
a box. One is taken from the box at random.
a) What is the probability of getting the number having 4 in ones’ palce?
b) What is the probability of getting 2 in ones’ place?
c) What is the probability of getting 8 in ones’ place?
d) What is the probability of getting 6 in ones’ place?
Hint :The digits 2, 4, 8, 6 repeats with the increase of power
4. One is asked to say a two digit number.
a) What is the probability of it being a perfect square?
b) What is the probability of being an even perfect square?
c) What is the probability of being an odd perfect square
5. A number is chosen at random from the numbers −4, −3, −2, −1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4.
If xreperesents a number among them,
a) What is the probability that | x 1|< 2?
a) What is the probability that | x |< 3?
c) What is the probability that | x |< 4?
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 Mathematics of Chance

12/07/2019

Worksheet 32
1. The two digit counting numbers which yield the remainder 3 on dividing by 5 are
written in small paper pieces and placed in a box.One is taken from the box at
random.
a) How many such numbers are there in the box?
b) What is the probability of getting an even number?
c) What is the probability of getting an odd number?
2. A box contains 12 balls of two different colours blue and red. One is taken from
the box without looking into the box.
a) If the probability of getting blue ball is 34 , how many blue balls are there in
the box?
b) What is the probability of getting a red ball?
3. Nazrin throws two dice once and computes the product of numbers appearing on
the dice.Riswan throws one die and squares the number that appears on it.
a) What is the probability of getting 36 in Nazrin’s game?
b) What is the probability of getting 36 in Riswan’s game ?
c) Who has the better chance of getting 36?
4. A number is selected at random from first 50 natural numbers.
a) What is the probability that it is a multiple of 3?
b) What is the probability that it is a multiple of 4?
c) What is the probability that it is a multiple of 3 and4?
d) What is the probability that it is a multiple of 3 or 4?
5. There are 100 cards in a bag on which numbers from 1 to 100 are written. A
card is taken out from the bag at random.
a) What is the probability that the number in the selected card is divisible by
9?
b) What is the probability that the number in the selected card is a perfect
square? 1
c) What is the probability that the number in the selected card is divisible by
9 and a perfect square?
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 Mathematics of Chance

13/07/2019

After completing 5 questions of the text book we can go through five additional
problems on Geometrical Probability.
Worksheet 33
1. The mid points of two neighbouring sides and opposite vertex form a triangle
shaded in the figure. A fine dot is placed into the figure at random. What is the
probability of falling the dot in the shade?

2. The perimeter of the outer square is 28cm and that of inner square is 20 cm. A
small part is shaded .

a) What is the side of outer square and inner square?

b) What is the area of outer square and inner square?
c) Calculate the area of shaded portion of the picture?
d) A fine dot is placed into the figure at random. what is the probability of
falling the dot in the shade?

3. in the figure ABC is an equilateral triangle. The mid points of the sides are
joined to get another triangle P QR.

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a) How many equal triangles are there in the picture?
b) How many paralleloograms are there in the picture ?
b) A fine dot is placed into the figure at random. What is the probabilty of
falling the dot in a small triangle ?
c) What is the probability of falling dot in a parallelogrm ?
 4. In the picture there is a triangle and a square.The right triangles in the left ,right
and above the square are equal isosceles triangles .

a) If one side of the square is x, what is the base of the triangle ?

b) What is the altitude to the base ?
c) A fine dot is placed into the figure at random. What is the probability of
falling the dot in the shade?

5. In the picture there are two semicircles. The diameter of the small semicircle is
the radius of the big semicircle.

a) If r is the radius of the small semicircle then what is its area?

b) What is the area of big semicircle?
c) A fine dot is placed into the figure at random. What is the probability of
falling the dot in small semicircle?
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 Mathematics of Chance

15/07/2019

Worksheet 34
1. The numbers 2, 3, 4 are written in small paper pieces and placed in a box. The
fractions 21 , 13 , 14 are written in another set of small papers and placed in another
box. One from each box is taken at random
a) List the pairs of outcome. How many pairs are there in this experiment?
b) Write product of numbers in pair
c) What is the probability of getting an integer as the product?
2. A bag contains 5 red balls and some blue balls. If the probability of drawing a
blue ball is double that of the red ball. Determine the number of blue balls in the
bag?
3. A box contains 12 balls out of which some are black.If 6 more black balls are put
in the box,the probability of drawing a black ball is now double of what it was
before.
a) If initially x black balls are there in the bag , what is the probability of getting
black ?
b) Find the value of x
c) If all other balls are red, what is the probablity of getting red after adding
6 more balls?
4. A box contains four slips 1, 2, 3, 4 and another box contains two slips 1, 2.If one
slip is taken from each what is the probability of the sum of numbers being odd?
What is the probability of the sum being even?
5. Two digit multiples of 3 are written seperately in small paper pieces and placed
in a box. Two digit multiples of 5 are written in small paper pieces and placed in
another box. One from each box is taken at random .
a) How many paper strips are there in the first box?
b) How many paper strips are there in the second box?
c) How many pairs are possible while taking one from each box ?
d) What is the probability of getting an even number in the product of numbers
in the pair?
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 Mathematics of Chance

16/07/2019

Worksheet 35
It is better to discuss the fundamental principle of counting in this section. If process
can be completed in m ways , another process can be completed in n ways then both
the processes can be completed one after other in mn ways.
For example , a journey from Kochi to Mumbai can be done in 4 ways (By rail , by air, by
road , by ship). The journey from Mumbai to Delhi can be done in 3 ways( By train, by air,
by road). It is easy to understand that Delhi via Mumbai can be completed in 4 × 3 = 12
ways. We can use this process in probability experiments .
1. A box contains three small paper strips named 1, 2, 3. Another box contains two
paper strips named 4, 5. One from each box is taken and make them pairs .
a) Write the list of pairs
b) What is the probability of getting the product of numbers in the pair even
number?
c) What is the probability of getting the product of numbers in the pair odd
number?
2. A box contains 1, 2, 3, 4 on small paper strips. Another box contains numbers 1
and 2 on small paper pieces . One paper is taken fromeach box at random.
a) What is the probability of getting the sum of numbers in the pair odd?
b) What is the probability of getting the sum of numbers in the pair even?
c) What is the probability of getting the product of numbers in the pair even?
d) What is the probability of getting the product of numbers in the pair odd?
3. Each two digit number is written on a paper slip and these are all put in a box.
One is taken from the box at random.
a) How many two digit numbers are there in the box?
b) Write the two digit numbers which gives a prime number as the product of
the digits
Note : 1n or n1 where n is one of 2, 3, 5, 7
b) Find the probability that the product of the digits of a number drawn is a
prime number?
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 4. Each three digit number is written on a paper slip and these are all put in a box.
One is taken from the box at random.

a) How many three digit numbers are there in the box?

b) Write the three digit numbers which gives a prime number as the product
of the digits
Note : 11n or 1n1 or n11 where n is one of 2, 3, 5, 7
b) Find the probability that the product of the digits of a number drawn is a
prime number?

5. Find the probability that a leap year has 53 Sundays ? 52 Sundays ?

Note : A leap year can have 52 Sundays or 53 Sundays. In a leap year ,there
are 366 days out of which there are 52 complete weeks and remaining two days.
Now these two days can be ( Sat,Sun),(Sun, Mon),(Mon, Tue), (Tue , Wed),( Wed,
Thu), (Thu, Fri),(Fri,Sat).
So there are seven cases out of which (Sat ,Sun),( Sun, Mon) are two favourable
cases.
Probability of getting 53 Sundays = 27 . Probability of getting 52 Sundays = 57
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