The document discusses harmonic sequences and progressions. A harmonic sequence is the reciprocal of an arithmetic sequence without zero terms. The harmonic mean of two numbers is the reciprocal of the arithmetic mean. Formulas are provided for calculating the nth term and sum of a harmonic sequence by relating it to the corresponding arithmetic progression. Examples are included to demonstrate finding terms and sums of harmonic sequences.
The document discusses harmonic sequences and progressions. A harmonic sequence is the reciprocal of an arithmetic sequence without zero terms. The harmonic mean of two numbers is the reciprocal of the arithmetic mean. Formulas are provided for calculating the nth term and sum of a harmonic sequence by relating it to the corresponding arithmetic progression. Examples are included to demonstrate finding terms and sums of harmonic sequences.
The document discusses harmonic sequences and progressions. A harmonic sequence is the reciprocal of an arithmetic sequence without zero terms. The harmonic mean of two numbers is the reciprocal of the arithmetic mean. Formulas are provided for calculating the nth term and sum of a harmonic sequence by relating it to the corresponding arithmetic progression. Examples are included to demonstrate finding terms and sums of harmonic sequences.
The document discusses harmonic sequences and progressions. A harmonic sequence is the reciprocal of an arithmetic sequence without zero terms. The harmonic mean of two numbers is the reciprocal of the arithmetic mean. Formulas are provided for calculating the nth term and sum of a harmonic sequence by relating it to the corresponding arithmetic progression. Examples are included to demonstrate finding terms and sums of harmonic sequences.
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HARMONIC SEQUENCE
We must first understand what arithmetic sequence or arithmetic progression is before
learning about harmonic sequence or harmonic series. An arithmetic series is a set of numbers where the difference between any two consecutive elements is always constant. Arithmetic sequence, Geometric sequence, and Harmonic sequence are three forms of sequence.
What is harmonic sequence or harmonic progression?
A sequence of numbers that are reciprocals of an arithmetic sequence that does not contain 0 is called the harmonic sequence. Also, it is known as harmonic progression denoted as H.P in short. In HP, any term in the sequence is acknowledged as the harmonic means of its two neighbors.
EXAMPLE:
If we have Arithmetic Sequence as 4,6,8,10,12 with the common difference of 2
d =2 The Harmonic Sequence of the above Arithmetic Sequence is 1/4, 1/6, 1/8,1/10,1/12…. Let’s take another example We have to determine if the below series is Harmonic series or not 3/7,1/3,3/11,3/13,3/15…. Now if we prove that the reciprocal of the above sequence is A.P with a common difference then we can establish that the sequence is the Harmonic sequence . And the sum of this sequence would be a harmonic series. So, the A.P of the above sequence can be expressed as So, the difference between the 1st and 2nd fraction in the sequence is 2/3 and the same is the case with 2nd and 3rd fraction or 3rd and the 4th.
NOTE: whenever you are given Harmonic Progression convert it into A.P
EXAMPLE:
Find the next four terms of the sequence: - 1/7, -1/2, -1/11 ….
d = -2-7 = -9 So, the NEXT Sequence will be x- (-11) = -9, -x+11 = -9 or x = -20 So, we can write -1/11+ (-9) = -1/20 -1/20 + (-9) = -1/29 -1/29 + (-9) = -1/38 -1/38 + (-9) = -1/47 Therefore, next four terms in the sequence is 1/7, -1/2, -1/11, -1/20, - 1/29, 1/38, -1/47
What does Harmonic Mean?
The reciprocal of the arithmetic mean is called harmonic mean. To calculate the harmonic mean, we will use the formula of the harmonic mean which is given by:
The following is the formula for calculating the harmonic mean for n terms Where a, b, c, d are the values and n is the total number of values present.
First-Term of Harmonic Progression
The first term of the harmonic progression is denoted by a. The sum of the series can never be an integer except for the first term, as it can be 1.
Common Difference of Harmonic Progression
The general difference means that the difference between two consecutive number in a row is the same. It is the common difference denoted as d.
EXAMPLE:
If 1/a, 1/b, 1/c are three terms in Harmonic Progression, then the first term is 1/a and the common difference is d.
So, the common difference will be,
Nth term H.P or Harmonic sequences formula
For calculating the problems of harmonic progression, we have to find the sum of corresponding arithmetic progression. In other words that the nth term of the harmonic progression is equal to the reciprocal of the nth term of the corresponding A.P. Thereby, the formula to obtain the nth term of the harmonic series and the harmonic sequence is given as: an=a+(n-1)×d
where,
Where “a” is the first term of H.P.
“d” is the common difference
“n” is the number of terms in H.P.
Therefore, we can say that the nth term of H.P =
EXAMPLE of finding The nth term :
Example compute the 100th term of a harmonic sequence if the 10 th and 20th term of the sequence are 20and 40 respectively.
SOLUTION:
an=a1+(n-1)d HOW TO FIND THE SUM OF Harmonic sequence?
In order to find the summation of harmonic sequence, you just need to apply the sum of harmonic sequence formula which is given below. Also, for harmonic progression, harmonic sequences summation can be solved easily in case you are aware of the first term and the total terms.
the formula to find the sum of n terms in the harmonic progression can be obtained by the formula:
EXAMPLE: Did you know?
The harmonic sequence was first studied back in the 6th century by the Greek mathematician Pythagoras. He first used harmonic progression to study the nature of the universe and also to study music.
Uses of Harmonic Sequence in Real Life
Some important applications of harmonic progression in everyday life include:
Scientists use harmonic formulas to determine the result of their experiments. Harmonic sequencing is used in the field of music to practice notes.
It is also used in electrical gadgets or machines and the generation of power.
The formula of harmonic progression is applied to determine the degree at which
water boils when its temperature is modified by the same value each time.
Businesses and large corporations also employ harmonic progression to efficiently run their functions such as sale predictions, financial budgeting, Weather Forecasting, etc. Reference MARY JOY TORREVILLAS
Grade-10 MAAGAP
Hosch, William L.. "harmonic sequence". Encyclopedia Britannica, 25 May. 2016,
https://www.britannica.com/science/harmonic-sequence-mathematics. Accessed 10 October 2022.
Common Difference of Harmonic Progression.from quicksense,September 29 2021
Nivera, G. C. (2015), Grade 10 Mathematics: Pattern and Practicalities. Don Bosco Press Inc. Makati City, Philippines. Mathematics Grade 10 Learner's Module (2015). Department of Education
