A

VOCATIONA TRAINING PROJEC REPORT

ON

EHT DN. C.S.P.T.C.(Bhilai-3)

Chhattisgarh swami vivekanand technical university,bhilai-3

In partial fulfilment of requirement for the degree of
DIPLOMA ENGINEERING
IN

SESSION: 2019-20
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
B.R.P. Government Polytechnic ,Dhamtari (C.G.) -
493776
D E- 5th SEMESTER

Guided by Submitted by
MR. J L SAHU (AE 220 KV S/S BHILAI) Piyush Verma
MR. D M SAHU (AE 132 KV S/S BHILAI)
 DECLARATION BY THE CANDIDATE
I the undersigned solemnly declare that the project report
VOCATIONA TRAINING PROJECT REPORT is based on my
own work carried out during the course of our study under the
supervision of
MR. J L SAHU (AE 220 KV S/S BHILAI)
MR. D M SAHU (AE 132 KV S/S BHILAI)
I assert the statements made and conclusions drawn are an
outcome of my research work. I further certify that
I. The work contained in the report is original and has been
done by me under the general supervision of my
supervisor.
II. The work has not been submitted to any other Institution
for any other
III. degree/diploma/certificate in this university or any other
University of India or abroad.
IV. Whenever we have used materials (data, theoretical
analysis, and text) from other sources.
Name Piyush Verma
(Roll No. 205402417037)
( Enrollment No. BD9113)
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Industrial training has an important role in an engineering
student life exposing them to real situations of how an
industry works. It was a great experience for me to worki on
training at Chhattisgarh State Power Transmission Company
Limited through which I could learn how to work in a
professional environment. Now. I would like to express my
sincere thanks to the people who guided me and have been a
source of inspiration throughout the period of my summer
training. I am sincerely grateful to (Assistant Engineer) at
CSPTCL, Bhilai who gave me this great opportunity to undergo
training at 220/ 132 KV Substation Bhilai through which. i I
am able to understand and grasp a deep knowledge of how a
substation works and about the various equipment's and
instruments used in the substation which made this i training
actually possible. I wish my deep sense of gratitude to Junior
& Assistant Engineer's whose affectionate guidance has
enabled me to complete this training successfully. During the
period of 3 week of training at 220/132 KV Substation Bhilai
undertaking and a successor company of CSEB. Industrial
training is an important of engineering.
 Index
S no. Tittle page no.

1. ABSTRACT 1
2. INTRODUCTION 2
SINGLE LINE DAIGRAM
3. Components of a Substations 3
 Power Transformer 4
 Current Transformer 5
 Voltage Transformer 6
 Insulator 7
 Earthing system 8
 Isolation 9
 Circuit breakers 10
 Relay 11
 Wave Trap or Line Trap 12
4. Conclusion 13
5. Bibliography 14
 ABSTRACT
Industrial training is an important part of an engineering
student life. A well l planned, properly executed industrial
training helps a lot in developing ai professional attitude. It
develops a problem saving approach in industrial works,
based on a board understanding of process and mode of
operation of organization. During the period of 3 week of
training at 220/132 KV Substation Bhilai, most of the
theoretical knowledge that has been gained during thei
course of studies is put to test. The great effort have been put
understand thei substations bus bar arrangement during this
training. The substations of Bhilail are divisions of CSPTCL,
Bhilai, which is ai Govt. of C.G. undertaking and a successor
company of CSEB.

In the substation of Bhilai the incoming supply of 400 KV

comes from thei 11/400 KV generating substation of Korba,
and different station. In Khedamaral 400KV supply step-down
to 220kV and transmit to 220/132KV substation of Bhilai.
We learned the process of how to connect 3-phase cable to
supply line and provide earth to it, also about the various
equipment.
 INTRODUCTION
SINGLE LINE DIAGRAM
 Components of a Substation
 Power Transformer
 Current Transformer
 Voltage Transformer
 Insulator
 Earthing system
 Isolation
 Circuit breakers
 Relay
 Wave Trap or Line Trap
 Power Transformer
Transformer is a static machine, which transforms the
potential of alternating current at same frequency. It means
the transformer transforms the low voltage into high voltage &
high voltage to low voltage at same frequency. It works on the
principle of static induction principle.
 Current Transformer
A current transformer (CT) is used for measurement
of alternating electric currents. When current in a
circuit is too high to apply directly to measuring
instruments, a current transformer produces a
reduced current accurately proportional to the
current in the circuit, which can be conveniently
connected to measuring and recording instruments.
A current transformer isolates the measuring
instruments from what may be very high voltage in
the monitored circuit.
 Voltage Transformer
Voltage transformers (VT) (also called potential
transformers (PT)) are a parallel connected type of
instrument transformer, used for metering and protection
in high-voltage circuits or phasor phase shift isolation.
They are designed to present negligible load to the
supply being measured and to have an accurate voltage
ratio to enable accurate metering. A potential
transformer may have several secondary windings on the
same core as a primary winding, for use in different
metering or protection circuits. The name plate of one of
the PT used is shown below.
 Insulator
An electrical insulator is a material whose internal electric
charges do not flow freely, and therefore make it very hard to
conduct an electric current under the influence of an electric
field. The insulator serves two purposes. They support the
conductors (bus bar) and confine the current to the
conductors. The most common used material for the
manufacture of insulator is porcelain. There are several types
of insulators and their use in substation will depend upon the
service requirement.
 Earthing system
LIGHTNING ARRESTORS
A lightning arrestor is a device used in power systems
and telecommunications systems to protect the insulation and
conductors of the system from the damaging effects of lightning. The
typical lightning arrester has a high-voltage terminal and a ground
terminal. When a lightning surge (or switching surge, which is very
similar) travels along the power line to the arrester, the current from
the surge is diverted through the arrestor, in most cases to earth.
 Isolation
ISOLATERS
In electrical engineering, a disconnector, disconnect
switch or isolator switch is used to ensure that an electrical circuit is
completely de-energized for service or maintenance. Such switches
are often found in electrical distribution and industrial applications,
where machinery must have its source of driving power removed for
adjustment or repair. High-voltage isolation switches are used in
electrical substations to allow isolation of apparatus such as circuit
breakers, transformers, and transmission lines, for maintenance. The
disconnector is usually not intended for normal control of the circuit,
but only for safety isolation. Disconnector can be operated either
manually or automatically (motorized disconnector).
 Circuit breakers
A circuit breaker is an automatically operated electrical
switch designed to protect an electrical circuit from
damage caused by excess current from an overload or
short circuit. Its basic function is to interrupt current flow
after a fault is detected.
 Relay
Relays are switches that open and close circuits
electromechanically or electronically. Relays control one
electrical circuit by opening and closing contacts in another
circuit. As relay diagrams show, when arelay contact is
normally open (NO), there is an open contact when the relay is
not energized.
 Wave Trap or Line Trap
Wave trap is connected in series with power line between the
point of connection of coupling capacitor and S/S. Wave trap
offers negligible impedance to HF carrier. Wave trap stands
electromechanically and thermally for short circuit current in
the event of fault on the line. On the basis of blocking
frequency bank.
 CONCLUSION
Now from this report one can conclude that electricity plays an
important role in our life. At the end of the training, I came to
know about the various parts of substations and how they are
operated. Also I learnt about how transmission is done in
various parts of Chhattisgarh.
As evident from the report, a substation plays a very important
role in the transmission system. That’s why various protective
measures are taken to protect the substations from various
faults and its smooth functioning. Chhattisgarh State Power
Distribution Company Ltd. takes such steps so that a uniform
and stable supply of electricity can reach in every part of this
state.
 BIBLIOGRAPHY
1. Energy efficiency in electrical utilities, Guide book for
National certification examination for energy managers and
energy auditors, Bureau of energy efficiency, Ministry of
Power, Govt. of India, 2003.
2. General aspect of energy management and energy audit,
Guide book for National certification examination for energy
managers and energy auditors, Bureau of energy efficiency,
Ministry of Power, Govt. of India, 2003.
3. www.wikepedia.com
4. www.slideshare.com
5. www.electrical-installation.org
6. www.home-energy-metering.com
7. www.enspecpower.com
8. www.allaboutcircuits.com