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    The document summarizes the history and development of several major intelligence tests, including the Binet Scales, Stanford-Binet, WAIS, and WISC. It describes key aspects of each test such as their focus areas, standardization samples, subtests, and psychometric properties. Major revisions and new editions of the tests aimed to improve measurement of intelligence constructs like fluid reasoning, working memory, and processing speed. The Stanford-Binet and Wechsler scales remain widely used with strong standardization and long research histories.

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    3900 CHP 10

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    The document summarizes the history and development of several major intelligence tests, including the Binet Scales, Stanford-Binet, WAIS, and WISC. It describes key aspects of each test such as their focus areas, standardization samples, subtests, and psychometric properties. Major revisions and new editions of the tests aimed to improve measurement of intelligence constructs like fluid reasoning, working memory, and processing speed. The Stanford-Binet and Wechsler scales remain widely used with strong standardization and long research histories.

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    The document summarizes the history and development of several major intelligence tests, including the Binet Scales, Stanford-Binet, WAIS, and WISC. It describes key aspects of each test such as their focus areas, standardization samples, subtests, and psychometric properties. Major revisions and new editions of the tests aimed to improve measurement of intelligence constructs like fluid reasoning, working memory, and processing speed. The Stanford-Binet and Wechsler scales remain widely used with strong standardization and long research histories.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
    39 views4 pages

    3900 CHP 10

    Uploaded by

    krea gzb
    The document summarizes the history and development of several major intelligence tests, including the Binet Scales, Stanford-Binet, WAIS, and WISC. It describes key aspects of each test such as their focus areas, standardization samples, subtests, and psychometric properties. Major revisions and new editions of the tests aimed to improve measurement of intelligence constructs like fluid reasoning, working memory, and processing speed. The Stanford-Binet and Wechsler scales remain widely used with strong standardization and long research histories.

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    Chapter 10: Tests of Intelligence

    The Binet Scales


    • Directed by the French government to develop a test for identifying mentally retarded
    school children for special instruction
    • Considered the first intelligence test (1905)

    Binet-Simon Scale Contrasted Previous Tests


    • Primarily verbal with some sensorimotor tests
    – Sampled on 50 normal children (3-11 years)
    • 1908 revision - 300 normal children (3-13 years)
    • 1911 revision - minor changes

    1916 - Lewis M. Terman at Stanford revised the Binet


    • Introduced the Stanford-Binet and Intelligence Quotient (ratio IQ)
    • Ratio between mental age and chronological age MA/CA x 100

    2003 - Stanford-Binet 5th Ed.


    • Age 2 - Adult
    • Based on a hierarchical model with general mental ability
    • Cattell-Horn-Carroll (CHC) Theory of intelligence.
    • Focus 5 major cognitive areas
    1. Fluid reasoning
    2. Knowledge
    3. Quantitative Reasoning
    4. Visual-Spatial Processing
    5. Working Memory
    • Standardization
    • 500 Examiners
    • Stratified random sample of 4,800
    • No accommodations for special needs
    • Certain exclusions
    • Scoring
    • Raw scores summed across item scores
    • 0 = wrong; 1 = correct
    • Converted into normative standard scores
    – mean of 100, SD of 15

    Psychometric Properties
    • Reliabilities range
    • Factor index reliability
    • Range of the 10 subtests
    • Concurrent and criterion validity
    • Test Administration
    • Adaptive Testing
    • Routing Test
    • Teaching Items
    • Basal Level

    Summary
    • Favored test
    • Focus on “g”
    • High correlation to achievement tests
    • Considered cumbersome to administer

    David Wechsler
    • Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale - R (WAIS-R)
    • Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children - R (WISC-R)

    • WAIS-IV (2008)
    • David Wechsler
    • 11 subtests: 6 verbal & 5 nonverbal
    • Assess problem solving
    • IQ is relative

    Summary of Wechlser Scales


    • Widely used
    • Strong standardization
    • Long history of research
    • Focus on “g”
    • High correlation to achievement tests
    • Low intercorrelation of several subtests

    Goals of WAIS-IV
    • Eliminate Dual IQ/Index Score Structure
    • Enhance Measure of Fluid Intelligence
    • Enhance Measure of Working Memory
    • Enhance Measure of Processing Speed
    • Enhance clinical utility
    • Additional Special Group Studies (e.g., Mild
    • Cognitive Impairment, Borderline Intellectual Functioning)

    Improve Psychometric Properties


    • Update Norms
    • Expand FSIQ Range
    • Maintain or improve reliability
    • Provide initial evidence of validity
    • Enhance User-Friendliness
    • Reduce Testing Time
    • Revise Instructions
    • Redesign Record Form
    • Increase Portability
    • Separate WAIS-IV and WMS-IV Technical Manuals (Wechsler Memory Scale)

    Subtest Modifications
    • 4 Subtests Dropped
    • 12 Subtests Retained
    • 3 New Subtests
    – Visual Puzzles, Figure Weights, Cancellation
    • Visual Puzzles
    • Which 3 of these pieces go together?
    • Figure Weights
    • Which one balances the scale?
    • Cancellation
    • When I say go, draw a line through each red square and yellow triangle.

    Normative Sample
    • Ages 16-90
    • Normative sample: N = 2200
    • National sample stratified by:
    – Sex
    – Education Level
    – Ethnicity
    – Region

    Psychometric Properties
    • The reliability coefficients for WISC–IV composite scales good
    – Range?
    • Interscorer agreement range
    • Mean of 100; SD 15
    – Subtest Scaled Scores: Mean = 10, SD = 3

    Summary
    • Widely used
    • Strong standardization
    • Long history of research

    Tests for Group Administration


    • Army Alpha & Beta
    • Screening procedures
    • Tests in schools

    Pros
    • Administration
    • Scoring
    • Cost
    • Influence

    • Cons
    • Administration
    • No clarification
    • Literacy
    • No innovative formats

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