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    Let Us Travel To Ilocos!: Subtitle

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    Vanessa Lepiten
    The document discusses different types of rocks and how they are formed. It describes igneous rocks as forming from magma and differentiates between extrusive and intrusive igneous rocks. Sedimentary rocks form through lithification and compaction of sediments. Metamorphic rocks form from the transformation of existing rocks through heat, pressure, and chemically active fluids. It provides examples of common igneous rocks like granite and basalt, sedimentary rocks including sandstone and limestone, and metamorphic rocks such as slate, gneiss, and marble. The document aims to explain the rock cycle and different rock types.

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    Let Us Travel To Ilocos!: Subtitle

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    Vanessa Lepiten
    29 views17 pages
    The document discusses different types of rocks and how they are formed. It describes igneous rocks as forming from magma and differentiates between extrusive and intrusive igneous rocks. Sedimentary rocks form through lithification and compaction of sediments. Metamorphic rocks form from the transformation of existing rocks through heat, pressure, and chemically active fluids. It provides examples of common igneous rocks like granite and basalt, sedimentary rocks including sandstone and limestone, and metamorphic rocks such as slate, gneiss, and marble. The document aims to explain the rock cycle and different rock types.

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    D10-ROCKS

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    The document discusses different types of rocks and how they are formed. It describes igneous rocks as forming from magma and differentiates between extrusive and intrusive igneous rocks. Sedimentary rocks form through lithification and compaction of sediments. Metamorphic rocks form from the transformation of existing rocks through heat, pressure, and chemically active fluids. It provides examples of common igneous rocks like granite and basalt, sedimentary rocks including sandstone and limestone, and metamorphic rocks such as slate, gneiss, and marble. The document aims to explain the rock cycle and different rock types.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    29 views17 pages

    Let Us Travel To Ilocos!: Subtitle

    Uploaded by

    Vanessa Lepiten
    The document discusses different types of rocks and how they are formed. It describes igneous rocks as forming from magma and differentiates between extrusive and intrusive igneous rocks. Sedimentary rocks form through lithification and compaction of sediments. Metamorphic rocks form from the transformation of existing rocks through heat, pressure, and chemically active fluids. It provides examples of common igneous rocks like granite and basalt, sedimentary rocks including sandstone and limestone, and metamorphic rocks such as slate, gneiss, and marble. The document aims to explain the rock cycle and different rock types.

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    LET US TRAVEL TO ILOCOS!

    ▪ Subtitle
    Kapurpurawan Rock Formation

    ▪ Located in the Municipality of Burgos, Ilocos


    Norte.
    ▪ Literally white, came from the Ilocano word
    “puraw”, means white.
    ▪ Naturally formed from geological deposition
    of minerals, and organic particles.
    ▪ The rocks were carved out by mechanical and
    chemical weathering; wind, sand and water.
    ▪ The rocks are mostly sandstones.
    A ROCKY EARTH
    July 2, 2018
    ROCK CYCLE

    If magma solidifies it LITHIFICATION (conversion into


    becomes igneous and a rocks) formation of
    new cycle begins. SEDIMENTARY ROCKS

    Subjected to Heat and pressure


    If subjected to higher
    temperature, it melts and
    becomes MAGMA.
    IGNEOUS ROCK “ignis” means fire

    ▪ Formed from magma


    ▪ Consisted of:
    – Silicon (Si)
    – Silica (SiO2)
    – Aluminum (Al)
    – Calcium (Ca)
    – Sodium (Na)
    – Potassium (K)
    – Magnesium (Mg)
    – Iron (Fe)
    TYPES OF IGNEOUS ROCKS

    ▪ Extrusive Igneous Rocks


    – Solidified Igneous rock at the surface (lava)
    – Also known as “volcanic rocks”.
    – Forms at the surface

    ▪ Intrusive Igneous Rocks


    – Forms before reaching the surface.
    – Formed at depth
    – Also known as “plutonic rocks”.
    CHARACTERISTICS OF IGNEOUS ROCKS
    (Based on texture and composition)

    ▪ Coarse-grained- grains (crystals) can be seen with bare eyes.


    ▪ Medium-grained- grains can only be seen through a hand lens.
    ▪ Fine- grained- grains can only be seen through the microscope.
    CHARACTERISTICS OF IGNEOUS ROCKS
    (Based on texture and composition)

    ▪ Light- colored- such as granite and rhyolite, composed of feldspar


    and quartz.
    ▪ Medium- colored- such as diorite and andesite.
    ▪ Dark- colored- such as gabbro rock and basalt; composed of
    pyroxene, calcium-rich plagioclase feldspar.

    TEXTURE/ COLOR LIGHT MEDIUM DARK


    Coarse-grained Granite Diorite Gabbro
    (intrusive)
    Fine- grained Rhyolite Andesite Basalt
    (extrusive)
    Granite Obsidian Lava

    Feldspar Quartz
    SEDIMENTARY ROCKS

    ▪ Formed through lithification and compaction.


    ▪ It may also form through cementation: common cements are calcite,
    silica and iron oxide.
    ▪ Fossils are only found in sedimentary rocks
    TYPES OF SEDIMENTARY ROCKS

    ▪ Detrimental Sedimentary Rocks- come from weathered rocks such


    as igneous rocks.
    ▪ Chemical Sedimentary Rocks- come from soluble materials
    produced largely by chemical weathering. The basis for grouping is
    their chemical composition.
    PARTICLE SIZE SEDIMENT ROCK
    Coarse Gravel (rounded particles) Conglomerate
    Gravel (angular particles) Breccia
    Medium Sand Sandstone
    Fine Mud Siltstone
    Very Fine Mud Shale
    CLASSIFICATION OF SEDIMENTARY ROCKS
    ACCORDING TO CHEMICAL COMPOSITION

    Composition Rock Name


    Calcite (CaCO3) Limestone coquina
    Fossil ferrous
    Biochemical limestone
    Limestone
    Chalk
    Quartz (SiO2) Chert (light-colored)
    Flint (dark-colored)
    Gypsum (CaSO4 2H2O) Rock gypsum
    Halite (NaCl) Rock Salt
    Altered Plant Fragments Bituminous Rock
    METAMORPHIC ROCKS

    ▪ Called pareexisting rocks or parent rocks


    ▪ Metamorphism- transformation of parent rocks.
    – Most important agent of metamorphism is heat.
    – Pressure and stress
    – Chemically- active fluids (water, carbon dioxide and other volatile materials.
    COMMON METAMORPHIC ROCKS

    ROCK NAME DESCRIPTION PARENT ROCK


    Slate Foliated; fine Shale
    grained
    Gneiss Foliated; medium- Granite, volcanic
    to coarse grained rock
    Marble Non-Foliated; limestone
    medium to coarse-
    grained

    *Slate is used for roof, floor, tile, chalkboard, and billiard tables.
    Let us put it all
    together!
    WHAT TO BRING TOMORROW:

    ▪ SMART PHONE or Tablet


    ▪ Internet Connection
    ▪ Ear Phones
    ▪ Note Taking Paper

    ▪ TOMORROW’S ACTIVITY WILL BE BY PAIR ONLY.

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