Network Router: Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP) Coaxial Cable
Network Router: Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP) Coaxial Cable
Network Router: Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP) Coaxial Cable
A Network consists of two or more computers that are linked in order to share resources Router is small physical devices that join multiple networks
(such as printers and CD-ROMs), exchange files, or allow electronic communications. together. This device is responsible for making sure the
The computers on a network may be linked through cables, telephone lines, radio waves, information that is being sent using the Internet makes it to
satellites, or infrared light beams. the necessary destination. It allows two people to use the
Internet at the same time without the pages being mixed up.
Basic Types of Computer Network. The router directs messages so that each person is delivered
Local Area Network (LAN) – is a network that is confined to a relatively small the web page that he or she requested.
area. It is generally limited to a geographic area such as a laboratory, school or This device is not supplied by your ISP, so you will need to
building. purchase one if you decide to create a home network.
Metropolitan Area Network (MAN) – which is used for medium size area.
Examples for a city or a state. Network Interface
Wide Area Network (WAN) – that is usually a larger network that covers a large Network interface is a device that connects a client
geographic area. The Internet is the largest WAN, spanning the Earth. computer, server, printer or other component to your
network. Most often, a network interface consists of a
Networking Devices small electronic circuit board that is inserted into a slot inside
Modem a computer or printer. Alternatively, some computers,
A modem is a device that allows a computer to send data printers, or other services include network interfaces as part
over telephone or cable lines. It is the device that basically of their main circuit boards (motherboards).
brings the Internet into the house.
Network gateway
The type of Internet service you use -- dial-up, DSL, or cable, an internetworking system capable of
will determine the type of modem you use. If you are using DSL joining together two networks that use
or cable Internet access, the modem is usually provided by different base protocols. A network gateway
your Internet Service Provider (ISP). can be implemented completely in software,
completely in hardware, or as a combination
of both.
Hub
Hub is a small, simple, inexpensive device that joins
multiple computers together. Many network hubs available
today support the Ethernet standard. Other types including
USB hubs also exist, but Ethernet is the type traditionally
used in home networking.
Network firewall
Ethernet Switch protects a computer network from unauthorized access. Network firewalls may be
Switch is a device that gathers the signals from devices hardware devices, software programs, or a combination of the two. Network firewalls
that are connected to it, and then regenerates a new guard an internal computer
copy of each signal. network (home, school,
business intranet) against
Networking Cables malicious access from the
Networking cables are used to connect outside. Network firewalls
one network device to other network may also be configured to
devices or to connect two or more limit access to the outside
computers to share data. from internal users.
Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP) Coaxial Cable
Types of Network Connection Port hub /Port – is a connector on the back
Wired – uses wires or cables to carry information from one computer to another. of a computer or other device. A port is either
a serial port or a parallel port.
Advantages Disadvantages
Faster than wireless network Less flexible and convenience.
Affordable More clutter and wires to worry
USB – Universal Serial Bus, a hardware
More secured than wireless about.
Easy to set up and interface for low-speed peripherals such as the
troubleshoot keyboard, mouse, joystick, scanner, printer
and telephony devices.
Wireless - use radio waves instead of wires to transmit information.
Advantages Disadvantages BIOS – Basic Input /
Offers great deal of flexibility Slower than wired networks Output System, chip that controls the most basic functions
and convenience More expensive. of the computer and performs a self-test every time you turn
Less clutter and fewer wires to Less security
it on.
worry about. Difficult to set up, maintain, and
LAN Tester – for RJ11,12,45 & BNC w/
troubleshoot.
Remote Unit. This ergonomic tester is designed to test most network
MATERIALS, TOOLS, EQUIPMENT and TESTING DEVICES cable wiring. You can either conduct an auto or manual test.
The following tools and equipment are classified according to their functions and uses. UTP – Unshielded Twisted Pair, is a popular type of
cable used in computer networking that consists of two
Equipment and Tools Materials shielded wires twisted around.
Accessories
LAN Card Screwdriver (standard) Software applications RJ45 – or Registered Jack 45. It is a type of connector
UPS Server Screwdriver (Philips) Network OS Software commonly used for ethernet networking.
24 port-hub Long nose pliers RJ 45
Modem Mechanical pliers UTP Cat 5 Cable Soldering Iron – is used to join two or more metal
Fax machine Allen wrench Motherboard’s manual conductors with the support of soldering lead melted around it.
PC Video camera Multimeter and installer
De soldering Tool – is used to unsolder unwanted parts or component
USB External CD writer Crimping tools Sound device driver
USB scanner Soldering iron (30 watts) installer in the circuit with the support of soldering pencil.
USB printers Wire stripper
USB Flash Drive LAN Tester
Anti-static wrist wrap Flat Screw Driver – is used to drive or fasten negative slotted screws.
Device drivers/installers Philips Screw Driver - is used to drive or fasten positive slotted screws.
Long nose Pliers – is used for holding, bending and stretching the lead of
LAN Card – is a network interface card. This is a computer circuit
electronics component or connecting wire.
board or card that is installed in a computer so that it can be
connected to a network.
Server – is a part of a network. It is a special
computer that users on the network can access
to carry out a particular job.
NETWORK TOPOLOGY 4. Tree Topology
Topology refers to the layout of connected devices in a network. Tree topologies are comprised Star-Bus hybrid
approach. Tree topologies integrate multiple star
1. Bus Topology topologies together onto a bus.
Uses a common backbone to connect all the network
devices in a network in a linear shape. Advantages:
1. Expansion of network is possible and easy.
Advantages: 2. Easy to fault identification and to remove devices.
1. Ease of installation. 3. If one segment is damaged, other segments are not affected.
2. Less cabling.
3. Media is inexpensive and easy to work with. Disadvantages:
Disadvantages: 1. Relies heavily on the main bus cable, if it breaks whole
1. Problems are difficult to isolate. network is crippled.
2. Difficult to add new devices. 2. As more and more nodes and segments are added, the
3. Network can slow down in heavy traffic. maintenance becomes difficult.
4. Any fault in backbone can affect the whole network. 3. More expensive than Star.
Advantages:
1. Modifying system and adding new
computers are easy.
2. Failure of one computer does not affect the rest of the network.
3. Easy to fault identification & to remove parts.
Disadvantages: www.learnfree.org
1. If the centralized point fails, the whole network fails. www.scribd.com/doc/13736422/Difference-between-Wire-Wireless
TLE Grade 9 – Learner’s Material, 1st Edition 2013
2. More expensive than Bus and Ring.