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  • Simple Curves PDF

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    Jericho Cabañal
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    This document defines common terms used in surveying simple curves, such as point of commencement (PC), point of tangency (PT), radius (R), and angle of intersection (I). It provides formulas to calculate values like degree of curve (D), tangent distance (T), external distance (E), middle ordinate (M), and length of curve (Lcu) given information like the radius and intersection angle. Several sample problems demonstrate applying the formulas to different surveying situations involving simple curves.

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    This document defines common terms used in surveying simple curves, such as point of commencement (PC), point of tangency (PT), radius (R), and angle of intersection (I). It provides formulas to calculate values like degree of curve (D), tangent distance (T), external distance (E), middle ordinate (M), and length of curve (Lcu) given information like the radius and intersection angle. Several sample problems demonstrate applying the formulas to different surveying situations involving simple curves.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    Download as pdf or txt
    898 views2 pages

    Simple Curves PDF

    Uploaded by

    Jericho Cabañal
    This document defines common terms used in surveying simple curves, such as point of commencement (PC), point of tangency (PT), radius (R), and angle of intersection (I). It provides formulas to calculate values like degree of curve (D), tangent distance (T), external distance (E), middle ordinate (M), and length of curve (Lcu) given information like the radius and intersection angle. Several sample problems demonstrate applying the formulas to different surveying situations involving simple curves.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 2

    SIMPLE CURVES

    Common Nomenclatures
    PC – point of commencement, point of I – angle of intersection
    curvature R – radius of simple curve
    PT – point of tangency POC – point on curve
    PI – point of intersection (also called vertex, POT – point on tangent
    abbreviated as V)

    Degree of the Curve (D)


    Chord Basis – angle subtended at the center of the curve by a chord per 20 m station
    D 10
    sin ( ) = (1)
    2 R
    Arc Basis – angle subtended at the center of the curve by an arc per 20 m station
    3600 1145.916
    D= ≈ (2)
    πR R
    Tangent Distance (T) – distance between PC and PI
    I
    T = R tan ( ) (3)
    2
    Long Chord (LC) – distance between PC and PT
    I
    LC = 2R sin ( ) (4)
    2
    Middle Ordinate (M) – distance between the midpoint of the curve and midpoint of the long chord
    I
    M = R [1 − cos ( )] (5)
    2
    External Distance (E) – distance between midpoint of the curve and PI
    I
    E = R [sec ( ) − 1] (6)
    2
    Length of the Curve (Lcu) – length of the arc from PC to PT
    RIπ
    Lcu = (7)
    180

    ROUTE SURVEYING AND EARTHWORKS MARC ERICK VON A. TIOSING, CE, MP


    Sample Problems:

    Situation 1: The angle of intersection of a simple curve is 60° and its radius is 320 m.
    1. Find the tangent distance.
    2. Find the external distance.
    3. Find the middle ordinate.

    Situation 2: The tangents of a simple curve having a radius of 190.986 m intersect at an angle of
    46°12’.
    4. Determine the degree of the curve using arc basis.
    5. Find the length of the tangent distance.
    6. Find the length of external distance.

    Situation 3: The angle of intersection of a circular curve is 45°30’ and its radius is 198.17 m. PC is
    at station 0 + 700.
    7. Compute the right angle offset from Sta. 0 + 736.58 on the curve to tangent through PC.
    8. Compute the deflection angle of Sta. 0 + 736.58 from the tangent through PC.
    9. Determine the degree of the curve. Use chord basis and assume 20 m length of chain.

    Situation 4: The tangents of a simple curve intersect at an angle of 60°. This curve shall be replaced
    with a new simple curve by rotating the tangents through PC and PT by 10° such that the deviation
    of the point of intersection of the new curve from the point of intersection of the old curve is 10
    m towards the center of the simple curve.
    10. What is the radius of the old curve?
    11. Determine the radius of the new simple curve.
    12. Find the deviation of the midpoint of the old curve to the midpoint of the new curve.

    Situation 5: For a horizontal circular curve, the PI is at Sta 2 + 032.2, I = 24°20’, D = 4° has been
    selected. Compute the values of:
    13. Radius, R.
    14. Tangent Distance, T.
    15. Length of the Curve, Lcu.
    16. External distance, E.
    17. Middle Ordinate, M.
    18. Long Chord, LC.
    19. Stationing of PC.
    20. Stationing of PT.

    ROUTE SURVEYING AND EARTHWORKS MARC ERICK VON A. TIOSING, CE, MP

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