Pin On Disc Wet

Aim:To study friction and wear characteristics of a test specimen under desired load and environmental
condition with lubrication
Objective:
 Ascertain the validity of law’s of friction

 Wear characteristics of the given specimen
 Determination of Wear Constant
 Understand the effect of parameters (Load,Speed,Distance)
Theory:
Pin-on-disk wear test method covers a laboratory procedure for determining the wear of materials
during sliding using a pin traveling on a rotating disk. As the name implies, such apparatus consists
essentially of a pin in contact with a rotating disk. Either the pin or the disk can be the test piece of
interest. The contact surface of the pin may be flat, spherical or indeed of any convenient geometry,
including that of actual wear components[1]. The pin-on-disk apparatus consists of several components
which help the apparatus to perform its functions properly. The main idea for the apparatus is that it
should maintain test specimens such as pin and disk to contact each other at a variable revolution per
minute which can be set from the controller[2]. For the pin-on-disk wear test, two specimens are
required. One, a pin is positioned perpendicular to the other, usually a flat circular disk. A ball, rigidly
held, is often used as the pin specimen. The test machine causes the disk specimen to revolve about the
disk center. In this case, the sliding path is a circle on the disk surface. The plane of the disk is oriented
horizontally. The pin specimen is pressed against the disk at a specified load usually by means of an arm
or lever and attached weights. Wear results are usually obtained by conducting a test for a selected
sliding distance, load and speed
Friction Force measurement
The friction force between the pin and disc is measured by a load cell mounted on bracket at a distance
equal to the distance between specimen and pivot. A beam type load cell with a maximum capacity of
of 20kg (200 N) is used. The load cell is strain gauge type load cell constructed on high strength
corrosion resistant steel using foil type strain gauge with high stability. The tangential force on the
specimen holding beam is transmitted to the load cell beam and (even minute) deformation of the
beam is sensed by the strain gauge The strain gauge is connected to a wheat stone bridge circuit. Strain
conditioning and balancing is automated and calibrated such that values are direct displayed
Wear Measurement
Linear wear rate is monitored using a LVDT( Linear variable differential transducer) .LVDT measures
wear of the specimen directly as the sensor is mounted at exactly same distance of specimen from pivot
point to get equal (1:1) lever ratio. The plunger of sensor rests on a hardened pin projection from the
lever and as wear occurs the loading lever lifts in upward direction, moving the plunger. This movement
is displayed as wear on the controller. The least count of the LVDT is 0.1 μm and thus the wear rate also
. The initial position is set on the mid point so that both + and – ve wear can be monitored and the
maximum range is 2 mm Post test-data evaluation and Reporting.
Test setup:
Technical Specification
BASIC SPECIFICATIONS:
• Details Description Remarks Top specimen Pin Dia 3,4,6,8,10 & 12mm
• Material: as per test need
• Bottom specimen-Disc Standard Disc:Φ165mm x 8mm thick Material: En – 31 hardened to
62HRc
• Sensor specification
• Disc Speed Range : 200 to 2000 rpm Infinitely variable in steps of 1 rpm
• Sensor: Proximity sensor, model APS-8, PNP Type, make: TAP ,Least count 1 rpm Display
accuracy (1± 1% of measured speed)
• Normal load Range 1N to 200 In steps of 5N, (exact dead weight’s of size 0.1,0.5,1,2 & 5kg are
provided to vary the load)
• Frictional force Range 0 to 200N Specification 20 kg beam type load cell, make: IPA,Least count
0.1N Accuracy (0.1 ± 2% measured frictional force) in N
• Wear Range ± 2mm Sensor spec LVDT, make: Syscon ,Least count 1 micron Accuracy (1± 1% of
measured wear) in micron
• Wear track diameter: Min 50mm to max 100mm
• Sliding speed :Min 0.5 m/s to max 10m/s
• Timer Max :99hrs, 59min, 59 sec
Test Specimens and Sample Preparation
Materials— 1.Mild Steel 2.Brass 3.Aluminium
Procedure:
1. Prepare equipment for test

 Thoroughly clean specimen pin, remove burns form circumference using fine grade
emery paper.
2. Clamping of specimen pin
 Specimen pin is clamped to loading lever tip by hardened jaws.
3. Set wear track radius
 The path generated is circle, so the specimen pin can be positioned over wear disc
between 50 & 100 mm dia. By this the wear disc between each grind can used be
used for many test by positioning the specimen pins at different diameter (Wear track
diameter) on wear disc.
 Unscrew to loosen the sliding plate, move it to the desired position ( at 90 mm) by
looking at the graduated scale and tighten the clamp screw at this position
4. Setting disc Speed
 Set 5 min time on controller
 Press test start push button
 Rotate SET rpm knob on controller in clockwise direction till required test speed (700
rpm) displayed
 Continue to run for the remaining time to observe for any fluctuation.
 Press stop button on controlled to switch off rotation
5. Calculating the sliding velocity and sliding distance:
 Sliding speed in (3.14*D*N/60000) m/sec =3.29
 Sliding speed in m (3.14*D*N*T/60000)= 989.60
 D = Dia of wear track in mm
 N = Disc speed in rpm
 T = Test duration in sec’s Based on the wear track set, determine the motor speed to
be set on controller to achieve the desired sliding velocity
6. Applying Normal load
 Place required weights on loading pan slowly with out shaking (5kg)
7. Lubrication
 On the lubrication supply using switch .
 Direct the pipe om the pin and disc contact
8. Conduct the test and note the observations
 Press START push button on the controller front panel to commence the test;
(simultaneously data is transmitted to PC).
 On controller the acquired test parameters like wear, frictional force, speeds are
displayed, (same values are also displayed on PC screen and graph is plotted
simultaneously)
 Note the necessary readings and record your data Repeat the procedure from a
suitable stage to the next test condition and till you complete the test
Observations:
Pin material Aluminium, MS, Brass

Disc material EN 31 Steel
Pin dimension Cylinder with diameter 12 mm height 30 mm
RPM 700
Sliding speed (m/s) 3.29
Normal load 49.05N
Sliding distance (m) 3000 989.6
Lubrcation (Oil) On
Characteristics of Aluminium ( A. COF, B. Friction Force, C. Wear )
C
Characteristics of Brass ( A. COF, B. Friction Force, C. Wear )
C
Characteristics of Mild steel ( A. COF, B. Friction Force, C. Wear )
C
Comparison of properties
Fig 1. Comparison of coefficient of friction A.Al(red) B.Brass(Blue) C.MS(Green)
Fig 3. Comparison of Wear A.Al(red) B.Brass(Blue) C.MS(Green)
Fig 2. Comparison of frictional force A.Al(red) B.Brass(Blue) C.MS(Green)

Conclusion
We have studied the friction and wear characteristics of the three different materials on the
pin on disc setup with the lubrication
We have found out the COF, wear and frictional force under load of 50 N subjected to 990 m
of distance on pin on disc apparatus
Material Friction Linear Coefficient Wear rate(um) =

force wear of friction
X in sec
(um)
ALuminium .4 51 .01 0.18449 *x -2.76
Brass 1 159 .013 0.3840*x +31.08
Mild steel .5 12.36 .002 -.00291 *x +13.25

Pin On Disc Wet

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Aim:To study friction and wear characteristics of a test specimen under desired load and environmental

condition with lubrication

 Ascertain the validity of law’s of friction

Friction Force measurement

Test Specimens and Sample Preparation

Materials— 1.Mild Steel 2.Brass 3.Aluminium

1. Prepare equipment for test

Pin material Aluminium, MS, Brass

Fig 1. Comparison of coefficient of friction A.Al(red) B.Brass(Blue) C.MS(Green)

Fig 3. Comparison of Wear A.Al(red) B.Brass(Blue) C.MS(Green)

Fig 2. Comparison of frictional force A.Al(red) B.Brass(Blue) C.MS(Green)

Material Friction Linear Coefficient Wear rate(um) =

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