8/13/2019 numpy-100/100_Numpy_exercises_with_hint.

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numpy-100 / 100_Numpy_exercises_with_hint.ipynb

kuzand Added another solution and a hint to question 96 on the ipynb files

fb085b1 on Nov 6, 2018

4 contributors

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100 numpy exercises with hint

This is a collection of exercises that have been collected in the numpy mailing list, on stack overflow
and in the numpy documentation. The goal of this collection is to offer a quick reference for both old
and new users but also to provide a set of exercises for those who teach.

If you find an error or think you've a better way to solve some of them, feel free to open an issue at
https://github.com/rougier/numpy-100 (https://github.com/rougier/numpy-100)

1. Import the numpy package under the name np (★☆☆)

(hint: import … as …)

In [ ]:

2. Print the numpy version and the configuration (★☆☆)

(hint: np.__version__, np.show_config)

In [ ]:

3. Create a null vector of size 10 (★☆☆)

(hint: np.zeros)

In [ ]:

4. How to find the memory size of any array (★☆☆)

(hint: size, itemsize)

In [ ]:

5. How to get the documentation of the numpy add function from the command line?
(★☆☆)

(hint: np.info)

In [ ]:

6. Create a null vector of size 10 but the fifth value which is 1 (★☆☆)

(hint: array[4])

In [ ]:

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7. Create a vector with values ranging from 10 to 49 (★☆☆)

(hint: np.arange)

In [ ]:

8. Reverse a vector (first element becomes last) (★☆☆)

(hint: array[::-1])

In [ ]:

9. Create a 3x3 matrix with values ranging from 0 to 8 (★☆☆)

(hint: reshape)

In [ ]:

10. Find indices of non-zero elements from [1,2,0,0,4,0] (★☆☆)

(hint: np.nonzero)

In [ ]:

11. Create a 3x3 identity matrix (★☆☆)

(hint: np.eye)

In [ ]:

12. Create a 3x3x3 array with random values (★☆☆)

(hint: np.random.random)

In [ ]:

13. Create a 10x10 array with random values and find the minimum and maximum values
(★☆☆)

(hint: min, max)

In [ ]:

14. Create a random vector of size 30 and find the mean value (★☆☆)

(hint: mean)

In [ ]:

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15. Create a 2d array with 1 on the border and 0 inside (★☆☆)

(hint: array[1:-1, 1:-1])

In [ ]:

16. How to add a border (filled with 0's) around an existing array? (★☆☆)

(hint: np.pad)

In [ ]:

17. What is the result of the following expression? (★☆☆)

(hint: NaN = not a number, inf = infinity)

0 * np.nan
np.nan == np.nan
np.inf > np.nan
np.nan - np.nan
np.nan in set([np.nan])
0.3 == 3 * 0.1

In [ ]:

18. Create a 5x5 matrix with values 1,2,3,4 just below the diagonal (★☆☆)

(hint: np.diag)

In [ ]:

19. Create a 8x8 matrix and fill it with a checkerboard pattern (★☆☆)

(hint: array[::2])

In [ ]:

20. Consider a (6,7,8) shape array, what is the index (x,y,z) of the 100th element?

(hint: np.unravel_index)

In [ ]:

21. Create a checkerboard 8x8 matrix using the tile function (★☆☆)

(hint: np.tile)
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(hint: np.tile)

In [ ]:

22. Normalize a 5x5 random matrix (★☆☆)

(hint: (x - mean) / std)

In [ ]:

23. Create a custom dtype that describes a color as four unsigned bytes (RGBA)
(★☆☆)

(hint: np.dtype)

In [ ]:

24. Multiply a 5x3 matrix by a 3x2 matrix (real matrix product) (★☆☆)

(hint: np.dot | @)

In [ ]:

25. Given a 1D array, negate all elements which are between 3 and 8, in place.
(★☆☆)

(hint: >, <=)

In [ ]:

26. What is the output of the following script? (★☆☆)

(hint: np.sum)

# Author: Jake VanderPlas

print(sum(range(5),-1))
from numpy import *
print(sum(range(5),-1))

In [ ]:

27. Consider an integer vector Z, which of these expressions are legal? (★☆☆)

Z**Z
2 << Z >> 2
Z <- Z
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Z < Z
1j*Z
Z/1/1
Z<Z>Z

In [ ]:

28. What are the result of the following expressions?

np.array(0) / np.array(0)
np.array(0) // np.array(0)
np.array([np.nan]).astype(int).astype(float)

In [ ]:

29. How to round away from zero a float array ? (★☆☆)

(hint: np.uniform, np.copysign, np.ceil, np.abs)

In [ ]:

30. How to find common values between two arrays? (★☆☆)

(hint: np.intersect1d)

In [ ]:

31. How to ignore all numpy warnings (not recommended)? (★☆☆)

(hint: np.seterr, np.errstate)

In [ ]:

32. Is the following expressions true? (★☆☆)

(hint: imaginary number)

np.sqrt(-1) == np.emath.sqrt(-1)

In [ ]:

33. How to get the dates of yesterday, today and tomorrow? (★☆☆)

(hint: np.datetime64, np.timedelta64)

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In [ ]:

34. How to get all the dates corresponding to the month of July 2016? (★★☆)

(hint: np.arange(dtype=datetime64['D']))

In [ ]:

35. How to compute ((A+B)*(-A/2)) in place (without copy)? (★★☆)

(hint: np.add(out=), np.negative(out=), np.multiply(out=), np.divide(out=))

In [ ]:

36. Extract the integer part of a random array using 5 different methods (★★☆)

(hint: %, np.floor, np.ceil, astype, np.trunc)

In [ ]:

37. Create a 5x5 matrix with row values ranging from 0 to 4 (★★☆)

(hint: np.arange)

In [ ]:

38. Consider a generator function that generates 10 integers and use it to build an array
(★☆☆)

(hint: np.fromiter)

In [ ]:

39. Create a vector of size 10 with values ranging from 0 to 1, both excluded
(★★☆)

(hint: np.linspace)

In [ ]:

40. Create a random vector of size 10 and sort it (★★☆)

(hint: sort)

In [ ]:

41. How to sum a small array faster than np.sum? (★★☆)

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(hint: np.add.reduce)

In [ ]:

42. Consider two random array A and B, check if they are equal (★★☆)

(hint: np.allclose, np.array_equal)

In [ ]:

43. Make an array immutable (read-only) (★★☆)

(hint: flags.writeable)

In [ ]:

44. Consider a random 10x2 matrix representing cartesian coordinates, convert them to
polar coordinates (★★☆)

(hint: np.sqrt, np.arctan2)

In [ ]:

45. Create random vector of size 10 and replace the maximum value by 0 (★★☆)

(hint: argmax)

In [ ]:

46. Create a structured array with x and y coordinates covering the [0,1]x[0,1] area
(★★☆)

(hint: np.meshgrid)

In [ ]:

47. Given two arrays, X and Y, construct the Cauchy matrix C (Cij =1/(xi - yj))

(hint: np.subtract.outer)

In [ ]:

48. Print the minimum and maximum representable value for each numpy scalar type
(★★☆)

(hint: np.iinfo, np.finfo, eps)

In [ ]:

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49. How to print all the values of an array? (★★☆)

(hint: np.set_printoptions)

In [ ]:

50. How to find the closest value (to a given scalar) in a vector? (★★☆)

(hint: argmin)

In [ ]:

51. Create a structured array representing a position (x,y) and a color (r,g,b)
(★★☆)

(hint: dtype)

In [ ]:

52. Consider a random vector with shape (100,2) representing coordinates, find point by
point distances (★★☆)

(hint: np.atleast_2d, T, np.sqrt)

In [ ]:

53. How to convert a float (32 bits) array into an integer (32 bits) in place?

(hint: astype(copy=False))

In [ ]:

54. How to read the following file? (★★☆)

(hint: np.genfromtxt)

1, 2, 3, 4, 5
6, , , 7, 8
, , 9,10,11

In [ ]:

55. What is the equivalent of enumerate for numpy arrays? (★★☆)

(hint: np.ndenumerate, np.ndindex)

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In [ ]:

56. Generate a generic 2D Gaussian-like array (★★☆)

(hint: np.meshgrid, np.exp)

In [ ]:

57. How to randomly place p elements in a 2D array? (★★☆)

(hint: np.put, np.random.choice)

In [ ]:

58. Subtract the mean of each row of a matrix (★★☆)

(hint: mean(axis=,keepdims=))

In [ ]:

59. How to sort an array by the nth column? (★★☆)

(hint: argsort)

In [ ]:

60. How to tell if a given 2D array has null columns? (★★☆)

(hint: any, ~)

In [ ]:

61. Find the nearest value from a given value in an array (★★☆)

(hint: np.abs, argmin, flat)

In [ ]:

62. Considering two arrays with shape (1,3) and (3,1), how to compute their sum using an
iterator? (★★☆)

(hint: np.nditer)

In [ ]:

63. Create an array class that has a name attribute (★★☆)

(hint: class method)

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( )

In [ ]:

64. Consider a given vector, how to add 1 to each element indexed by a second vector (be
careful with repeated indices)? (★★★)

(hint: np.bincount | np.add.at)

In [ ]:

65. How to accumulate elements of a vector (X) to an array (F) based on an index list (I)?
(★★★)

(hint: np.bincount)

In [ ]:

66. Considering a (w,h,3) image of (dtype=ubyte), compute the number of unique colors
(★★★)

(hint: np.unique)

In [ ]:

67. Considering a four dimensions array, how to get sum over the last two axis at once?
(★★★)

(hint: sum(axis=(-2,-1)))

In [ ]:

68. Considering a one-dimensional vector D, how to compute means of subsets of D using a

vector S of same size describing subset indices? (★★★)

(hint: np.bincount)

In [ ]:

69. How to get the diagonal of a dot product? (★★★)

(hint: np.diag)

In [ ]:

70. Consider the vector [1, 2, 3, 4, 5], how to build a new vector with 3 consecutive zeros
interleaved between each value? (★★★)

(hint: array[::4])

In [ ]:
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In [ ]:

71. Consider an array of dimension (5,5,3), how to mulitply it by an array with dimensions
(5,5)? (★★★)

(hint: array[:, :, None])

In [ ]:

72. How to swap two rows of an array? (★★★)

(hint: array[[]] = array[[]])

In [ ]:

73. Consider a set of 10 triplets describing 10 triangles (with shared vertices), find the set of
unique line segments composing all the triangles (★★★)

(hint: repeat, np.roll, np.sort, view, np.unique)

In [ ]:

74. Given an array C that is a bincount, how to produce an array A such that np.bincount(A)
== C? (★★★)

(hint: np.repeat)

In [ ]:

75. How to compute averages using a sliding window over an array? (★★★)

(hint: np.cumsum)

In [ ]:

76. Consider a one-dimensional array Z, build a two-dimensional array whose first row is
(Z[0],Z[1],Z[2]) and each subsequent row is shifted by 1 (last row should be (Z[-3],Z[-2],Z[-1])
(★★★)

(hint: from numpy.lib import stride_tricks)

In [ ]:

77. How to negate a boolean, or to change the sign of a float inplace? (★★★)

(hint: np.logical_not, np.negative)

In [ ]:

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78. Consider 2 sets of points P0,P1 describing lines (2d) and a point p, how to compute
distance from p to each line i (P0[i],P1[i])? (★★★)

In [ ]:

79. Consider 2 sets of points P0,P1 describing lines (2d) and a set of points P, how to
compute distance from each point j (P[j]) to each line i (P0[i],P1[i])? (★★★)

In [ ]:

80. Consider an arbitrary array, write a function that extract a subpart with a fixed shape and
centered on a given element (pad with a fill value when necessary) (★★★)

(hint: minimum, maximum)

In [ ]:

81. Consider an array Z = [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14], how to generate an array R =

[[1,2,3,4], [2,3,4,5], [3,4,5,6], ..., [11,12,13,14]]? (★★★)

(hint: stride_tricks.as_strided)

In [ ]:

82. Compute a matrix rank (★★★)

(hint: np.linalg.svd) (suggestion: np.linalg.svd)

In [ ]:

83. How to find the most frequent value in an array?

(hint: np.bincount, argmax)

In [ ]:

84. Extract all the contiguous 3x3 blocks from a random 10x10 matrix (★★★)

(hint: stride_tricks.as_strided)

In [ ]:

85. Create a 2D array subclass such that Z[i,j] == Z[j,i] (★★★)

(hint: class method)

In [ ]:

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86. Consider a set of p matrices wich shape (n,n) and a set of p vectors with shape (n,1). How
to compute the sum of of the p matrix products at once? (result has shape (n,1))
(★★★)

(hint: np.tensordot)

In [ ]:

87. Consider a 16x16 array, how to get the block-sum (block size is 4x4)? (★★★)

(hint: np.add.reduceat)

In [ ]:

88. How to implement the Game of Life using numpy arrays? (★★★)

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