Exam1 Practice

MAE 340 MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS
Practice Questions for EXAM 1
Name: ______________________ You are allowed one sheet of notes.
1. A child weighing 30 kg jumps laterally (sideways) onto a trampoline from a platform that is
at the same height as the trampoline. If the effective stiffness of the trampoline is 1 kN/m
in the vertical direction, compute the amplitude of the child’s vibration.
• Assume that the vertical velocity of the child is zero when it contacts the
trampoline. Be aware that the equilibrium position of the trampoline changes
when the weight of the child is added.
• Use the equation A = sqrt (wn2x02 + v02)/wn to calculate A, even though some
insight into the problem would allow you to avoid using this equation.
10
1
2. A horizontal spring-mass system has a mass of 200 g and k x

spring stiffness of 4.44 N/m. If the mass is given an initial
m
velocity of 0.1 m/s to the right from a starting point 0.05 m
to the left of the equilibrium point, give:
15
• the equation of motion of the mass (x(t))
• the position of the mass at t = 0.1 s, t = 0.5 s and t = 1s
• a graph of x(t) from t = 0 s to t = 1.5 s, clearly showing the amplitude (as a numeric
value), correct period, and initial conditions.
2
3. Buildings must be designed to m4

withstand lateral vibrations initiated k4
from wind gusts, earthquakes and m3
roof-mounted air handling k3
equipment. The figure shows how m2
the vibrations for buildings are k2
modeled. The floors are simply
m1 m
masses and the support columns act
k1 k
as cantilever beams to provide
lateral stiffness.
(a) (b) (c) (d)
A one story military building has a
roof mass of 10000 kg and support Figure P3. Modeling the lateral vibrations of a
columns that have a combined building
lateral stiffness equivalent to 98700
N/m. From experience, the maximum amplitude of acceleration of the roof is 0.4935 m/s2,
which occurs whenever the large roof-mounted air conditioning unit starts up.
The military wants to install lasers on the roof for a security system. What is the maximum
10 movement the lasers will experience, if their mass is negligible compared to the mass of the
roof?
3
4. The front of a Porsche Carrera GT3 weighs 680 kg. The combined stiffness of the front
springs is 70 000 N/m. How stiff should each of the two front shocks be to make the
suspension critically damped?
If the vehicle hits a bump setting up the initial conditions of x0 = 30 mm and v0 = 0, what is
the displacement after 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 seconds?
10
4
5. A restaurant’s swinging kitchen door, which swings both out of

and into the kitchen, has a closer with a spring (k =71 N-m/rad)
and damper (c = 7.5 N-m-s/rad). The mass moment of inertia of
the door with respect to the hinge is 20 kg-m2.
If the door is held open and then let go from an angle of 50º, how
long will the door continue to swing? How many times will it
swing before it is closed? Assume that the door is considered
closed when the amplitude has decreased to 2.5º. Use the small
angle approximation that sin (θ) ≈ θ. Image from tuscon.olx.com
20
5
6. A large half-pipe is being designed for a new skateboard

park. Derive the system equation and natural frequency
for the motion of skateboarders using the half-pipe.
• Model only the side to side motion as shown in the
bottom picture.
• Assume that the half-pipe cross-section is circular.
• Assume the center of gravity of the skateboarder
stays directly above the skateboard.
• Assume that energy loss due to friction or damping
is negligible.
• Assume that Ip for the skateboard wheels is
negligible.
• Only consider motions close to the bottom of the
half-pipe (i.e., assume that sin θ ≈ θ)
Will there be a difference between bigger (heavier) skateboarders and smaller (lighter)
skateboarders in terms of how quickly they cycle back and forth?
10
6
7. A good spiderman and an evil spiderman
roam the streets of New York. Plot the
motion for both the evil spiderman (θ1(t)) and θ2 Scaffolding
the good spiderman (θ2(t)) if both spidermen

swing from webs of equal length attached to
the same point on scaffolding at the top of the θ1 Bank
middle building and jump at the same time.
Note that:
• The height of the scaffolding on the middle
building is 200 m above the ground.
• The evil spiderman weighs 68 kg.
• The good spiderman weighs 77 kg.
• The initial height of the evil spiderman is 103.58 m.
• The initial height of the good spiderman is 125 m.
• The lengths of the webs are 150 m.
• Use the small angle approximation in your calculations and assume no damping:
• Plot the approximate motion (θ1(t) and θ2(t)) for one period, clearly showing:
• the amplitudes (as numeric values),
• the initial conditions, and
• the time at the middle and end of the first period.
• Also answer the additional questions:
• What are their exact positions (θ1 and θ2) after 2.0 s?
• Who will reach the Bank first?
• When will the good spiderman catch up to the evil spiderman? (t = ?)
• Where will the good spiderman catch up to the evil spiderman? (θ1 = θ2 = ?)
30
7
Question 6 cont’d.
8
8. The amplitude of a vibration decreases to one fifth of the original amplitude over five
cycles. What is the damping ratio?

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MAE 340 MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS

Practice Questions for EXAM 1

Name: ______________________ You are allowed one sheet of notes.

2. A horizontal spring-mass system has a mass of 200 g and k x

3. Buildings must be designed to m4

5. A restaurant’s swinging kitchen door, which swings both out of

6. A large half-pipe is being designed for a new skateboard

the good spiderman (θ2(t)) if both spidermen

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