The document discusses jacketed piping systems and the stresses that must be checked when analyzing them. Some key points:
- Jacketed piping is used to convey viscous fluids in an inner pipe that is heated by a medium in the jacket space.
- Several stresses must be checked including sustained/expansion stresses, buckling load, weld strength between jacket and core, deflection of the jacket, external pressure on the core, and axial stresses.
- When analyzing in Caesar II, equivalent density of the heating medium must be calculated and inputs. Allowable stresses for welding checks can be based on 0.6 times electrode tensile strength or 1.25 times core stress plus 0.25 times
The document discusses jacketed piping systems and the stresses that must be checked when analyzing them. Some key points:
- Jacketed piping is used to convey viscous fluids in an inner pipe that is heated by a medium in the jacket space.
- Several stresses must be checked including sustained/expansion stresses, buckling load, weld strength between jacket and core, deflection of the jacket, external pressure on the core, and axial stresses.
- When analyzing in Caesar II, equivalent density of the heating medium must be calculated and inputs. Allowable stresses for welding checks can be based on 0.6 times electrode tensile strength or 1.25 times core stress plus 0.25 times
The document discusses jacketed piping systems and the stresses that must be checked when analyzing them. Some key points:
- Jacketed piping is used to convey viscous fluids in an inner pipe that is heated by a medium in the jacket space.
- Several stresses must be checked including sustained/expansion stresses, buckling load, weld strength between jacket and core, deflection of the jacket, external pressure on the core, and axial stresses.
- When analyzing in Caesar II, equivalent density of the heating medium must be calculated and inputs. Allowable stresses for welding checks can be based on 0.6 times electrode tensile strength or 1.25 times core stress plus 0.25 times
The document discusses jacketed piping systems and the stresses that must be checked when analyzing them. Some key points:
- Jacketed piping is used to convey viscous fluids in an inner pipe that is heated by a medium in the jacket space.
- Several stresses must be checked including sustained/expansion stresses, buckling load, weld strength between jacket and core, deflection of the jacket, external pressure on the core, and axial stresses.
- When analyzing in Caesar II, equivalent density of the heating medium must be calculated and inputs. Allowable stresses for welding checks can be based on 0.6 times electrode tensile strength or 1.25 times core stress plus 0.25 times
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Q & A_JACKETED PIPING SYSTEM
1. Why Jacketed Piping is used?
Ans: It is commonly used to convey very viscous process fluids in an inner pipe, heated by steam/hot water/hot oil or other heating medium between the jacket and core pipe. Vacuum jacketing is also used as an insulator for cryogenic fluids and can be analyzed using the same calculation method for heated jacketed piping.
2. If water (density=1000Kg/m3) is flowing through the jacket then what is value of density you will enter into Caesar spreadsheet?
Ans: We have to calculate equivalent density for the same. The following formula can be used Actual jacket fluid equivalent density = [(rj2 – Rc2)/ rj2 ] x dj Where, rj = Inner radius of core Rc = Outer radius of pipe dj = Density of heating medium
3. What are the major stresses checks that you will perform while analyzing Jacketed Piping system?
Ans:
· Sustained And Expansion Stress Check
Limits of calculated stresses due to sustained loads (primary stresses) and displacement strain due to expansion (secondary stresses) should be evaluated separately for core and jacket pipe (as per clause 302.3.5 of ASME B31.3).
· Checking of buckling load. (Manual Calculation):
This check will not be performed by Caesar-II as it is not in the code. However it will provide force calculated at the junction point (P) between core and jacket. It should be less than Pcr which is given by the formula Pcr = 4π2 *Ec*Ic , For Core L2 Pcr = 4π2 *Ej*Ij , For Jacket L2 Where, P = Force calculated by computer program at junction point Pcr = Critical force Ec, Ej = Modulus of Elasticity of core/ jacket material Ic = Moment of Inertia of Core Ij = Moment of Inertia of Jacket L = Length of pipe between junction of core/ jacket. If P ≤ Pcr then no buckling failure
· Weld strength check between jacket and core pipe:
P calculated at the junction point between core & jacket pipe compared with allowable load at the weld point. P allowed = area of weld * 80% of hot allowable stress of material Area of weld = π D * root of weld D = Diameter of core pipe Root of weld = 0.707 * weld size If P calculated ≤P allowed, then the system is safe · Checking of deflection of jacket: In this case, it is assumed that no spider/spacer is used between core and jacket. Deflection for the jacket with available length has to be computed and should be ensured that it does not create obstruction to the flow of hot medium in the jacket. Normally maximum allowed deflection of jacket is T/2, where T is the thickness of jacket.
· Checking for External Pressure (By material Group):
Sometimes jacket may be subjected to partial vacuum conditions due to failure of steam supply and subsequent condensation of steam inside the jacket. In such cases, jacket should be checked for vacuum condition. Like another example in a system the core is at a pressure of 30 psig and the jacket is at a pressure of 180 psig, then the core is subjected to an external pressure of 150 psig. For this the core must be investigated for collapse or local buckling from the external pressure load (Refer para 304.1.3 of ASME B31.3 and UG-28 through UG-30 of ASME BPVC Section-VIII Division-I)
· Checking for Axial stress:
As per ASME B31.3 calculated displacement stress range (Expansion case stress) is SE = (Sb2 + 4St2)1/2. Code does not take into account the axial forces and consequent axial stress in calculating expansion stresses. This is because for the normal pipe axial forces are normally due to longitudinal stresses which is already taken care in thickness calculation and sustained stress calculations, but in case of jacketed piping, axial stresses at core-jacket junction point is just not due to longitudinal stresses, but mainly due to differential thermal expansion of core and jacket pipes. Thus calculated stress should be corrected by adding axial stresses for local analysis of that particular junction point. Thus, Actual Stress SEa = SE + Axial Force/ Area Axial force can be obtained from CAESAR output or can be calculated by the equation, Faxial = E x ΔL x Area L Or else, CAESAR also calculates the value of axial stresses which it calculates for operating case. Activate the option “Add F/A in stress” in configuration file. Axial stress due to thermal differential is added to the calculated expansion stress and then it should be compared with the allowable loads as per ASME B31.3.
4. What allowable value is considered for welding check at core jacket interconnection?
Ans: Two methods are prevalent. You have to consider any one of the following (discuss with the stress lead) a) Consider the 0.6 times of electrode tensile strength (As per AISC code) b) Consider SE=1.25Sc+0.25Sh of electrode as allowable (as per secondary stress generated theory)
