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    Design and Development of Solar Pumped Nd:YAG Laser: Prof. D.S. Mehta Ajay Singh

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    Mahbubul Islam Koushick
    This document describes the design and development of a solar-pumped Nd:YAG laser. It discusses using a Fresnel lens to concentrate sunlight onto a neodymium-doped yttrium aluminium garnet laser rod. A light guide transfers the sunlight to pump the laser rod, which is cooled by a water system. Future work includes cavity design, modifying the light guide, characterizing laser output, and optimization. The goal is to create an ecofriendly laser system that uses sunlight as the pumping source without needing an external power supply.

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    Design and Development of Solar Pumped Nd:YAG Laser: Prof. D.S. Mehta Ajay Singh

    Uploaded by

    Mahbubul Islam Koushick
    32 views21 pages
    This document describes the design and development of a solar-pumped Nd:YAG laser. It discusses using a Fresnel lens to concentrate sunlight onto a neodymium-doped yttrium aluminium garnet laser rod. A light guide transfers the sunlight to pump the laser rod, which is cooled by a water system. Future work includes cavity design, modifying the light guide, characterizing laser output, and optimization. The goal is to create an ecofriendly laser system that uses sunlight as the pumping source without needing an external power supply.

    Original Description:

    Design and development of solar pumped laser

    Original Title

    ajaymtp1-150922101011-lva1-app6892

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    This document describes the design and development of a solar-pumped Nd:YAG laser. It discusses using a Fresnel lens to concentrate sunlight onto a neodymium-doped yttrium aluminium garnet laser rod. A light guide transfers the sunlight to pump the laser rod, which is cooled by a water system. Future work includes cavity design, modifying the light guide, characterizing laser output, and optimization. The goal is to create an ecofriendly laser system that uses sunlight as the pumping source without needing an external power supply.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    32 views21 pages

    Design and Development of Solar Pumped Nd:YAG Laser: Prof. D.S. Mehta Ajay Singh

    Uploaded by

    Mahbubul Islam Koushick
    This document describes the design and development of a solar-pumped Nd:YAG laser. It discusses using a Fresnel lens to concentrate sunlight onto a neodymium-doped yttrium aluminium garnet laser rod. A light guide transfers the sunlight to pump the laser rod, which is cooled by a water system. Future work includes cavity design, modifying the light guide, characterizing laser output, and optimization. The goal is to create an ecofriendly laser system that uses sunlight as the pumping source without needing an external power supply.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 21

    Design and Development of

    Solar pumped Nd:YAG Laser

    Supervised By: Presented By:


    Prof. D.S. Mehta Ajay Singh
    Typical Nd:YAG Laser 1

     Laser Rod(Active Media)


     Pumping source (flashtubes/
    continuous gas discharge
    lamps/DPSS lasers
     Laser Cavity & output coupler
     Power Supply

    https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laser_construction
    Typical Nd:YAG Laser 1

     Laser Rod(Active Media)


     Pumping source (flashtubes/
    continuous gas discharge
    lamps/DPSS lasers
     Laser Cavity & output coupler
     Power Supply

    https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laser_construction

    The Sunlight as pumping source


     3.5 to 7.0 kWh/m2 per day
     Broad spectrum
     Not hazardous like mercury
     No power supply
     No dependence on electricity
     Available everywhere
    Source:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sunlight#/media/File:Solar_s
    pectrum_en.svg)
    2
    Design of Solar pumped Nd:YAG Laser
    2
    Design of Solar pumped Nd:YAG Laser
    Motivation:
     Conversion of naturally available light
    into laser light
     Alternate pumping source for lasers
     Ecofriendly system
     System with “No power supply”
     Low cost, field portable system
     Green Photonics
    2
    Design of Solar pumped Nd:YAG Laser
    Solar concentrator
    Motivation: (Fresnel Lens)
     Conversion of naturally available light
    into laser light
     Alternate pumping source for lasers
     Ecofriendly system

    Focal length
     System with “No power supply”
     Low cost, field portable system
     Green Photonics
    Basic Requirements:

     Collection of solar light


     Transportation of the light
     Laser cavity design
     Laser pumping by the light
     Oscillation/Amplification
     Optimization !!
    3
    Collection of solar light
    Fresnel Lens concentrator
     Focal length : 61cm
     Diameter: 46 cm
     Fresnel lens mount
     Measured spot size~= 7mm
     Groove density= 50 g/inch
     Index of refraction= 1.49
     Substrate=Acrylic
     Transmission=92% (400-1000nm)
    3
    Collection of solar light Fresnel Lens
    Fresnel Lens concentrator
     Focal length : 61cm
     Diameter: 46 cm
     Fresnel lens mount
     Measured spot size~= 7mm
     Groove density= 50 g/inch
     Index of refraction= 1.49
     Substrate=Acrylic
     Transmission=92% (400-1000nm)

    Focal point
    3
    Collection of solar light Fresnel Lens
    Fresnel Lens concentrator
     Focal length : 61cm
     Diameter: 46 cm
     Fresnel lens mount
     Measured spot size~= 7mm
     Groove density= 50 g/inch
     Index of refraction= 1.49
     Substrate=Acrylic
     Transmission=92% (400-1000nm)

    Why Fresnel lens ? Focal point


     Much thinner comparable to conventional lens
     Large aperture and short focal length
     Captures more oblique light from a light
    source
     Reduces the amount of material required
    compared to a conventional lens
    Laser rod (The active media) 4

    Neodymium-doped yttrium aluminium garnet (Nd:YAG)Nd:Y3Al5O12


     Dopant Concentration: 1 %
     Diameter: 5mm
     Length: 50mm, 120mm
     AR Coating: (R < 0.2% @ 1064 nm)
     HR coating : (R >99% @ 1064nm)
     Orientation: <111> +/- 5%
     Surface Flatness: <λ/10@1064 nm
     Damage Threshold: 500mW/cm2
     Energy Level Diagram of Nd:YAG 
    Laser rod (The active media) 5

    Neodymium-doped yttrium aluminium garnet (Nd:YAG)Nd:Y3Al5O12


     Dopant Concentration: 1 %
     Diameter: 5mm
     Length: 50mm, 120mm
     AR Coating: (R < 0.2% @ 1064 nm)
     HR coating : (R >99% @ 1064nm)
     Orientation: <111> +/- 5%
     Surface Flatness: <λ/10@1064 nm
     Damage Threshold: 500mW/cm2
     Energy Level Diagram of Nd:YAG 

     Nd3+:YAG is a four-level gain medium:


    substantial gain even for moderate
    excitation [6]

     The gain bandwidth is relatively small, but


    this allows for a high gain efficiency and
    thus low threshold pump power [6].
    https://www.rp-photonics.com/yag_lasers.html
    6
    Light Guide Light from concentrator

    o Glass
    o Conical end
    o Total internal reflection
    o Reflection
    o Selective coating
    o Other types of LG available
    Laser rod
    o Fused silica Light Guide
    6
    Light Guide Light from concentrator

    o Glass
    o Conical end
    o Total internal reflection
    o Reflection
    o Selective coating
    o Other types of LG available
    Laser rod
    o Fused silica Light Guide

    Cooling System
     Water cooling
     Attached to Light guide
     Laser rod submerged into water

    Source:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sunlight#/media/File
    :Solar_spectrum_en.svg)
    6
    Light Guide Light from concentrator

    o Glass
    o Conical end
    o Total internal reflection

    Water
    o Reflection
    o Selective coating
    o Other types of LG available
    Laser rod
    o Fused silica Light Guide

    Cooling System
     Water cooling
     Attached to Light guide
     Laser rod submerged into water
    7
    Work Done So Far….
     Fresnel lens mount
     Procurement of Fresnel lens
     Procurement of Laser rod
     Focal length and Spot size measurement
     Fabrication of light guide
     Cooling system
     Cavity design (on going )
    7
    Work Done So Far….
     Fresnel lens mount
     Procurement of Fresnel lens
     Procurement of Laser rod
     Focal length and Spot size measurement
     Fabrication of light guide
     Cooling system
     Cavity design (on going )

    Additional work
     Light transport using fiber bundle
     IR separation using prism
    Future Work Plan 8

    • Cavity Design
    September • Fix the laser rod in the cavity

    • Inlet/outlet for cooling water


    October • Modify the light guide !!

    • Pumping
    • Measure and characterize the
    November output
    • Place output couplers
    • Characterize the output
    Next
    • Optimization
    Semester
    • Redesign
    References:
    [1]. J. Almeida, D. Liang, E. Guillot, and Y. Abdel-Hadi, “A 40 W cw Nd:YAG solar laser
    pumped through a heliostat: a parabolic mirror system,” Laser Phys. 23, 065801 (2013)
    [2]. Joana Almeidaa, Dawei Lianga and Emmanuel Guillotb, Improvement in solar-pumped
    Nd:YAG laser beam brightness, Optics and Laser technology ,Volume 44,Issue 7,October2012
    [3]. D. Liang and J. Almeida, Highly efficient solar-pumped Nd:YAG laser, Opt. Express 19
    (2011) 26399-26405
    [4]. L. Jing, H. Liu, Y. Wang, W. Xu, H. Zhang, and Z. Lu, “Design and optimization of Fresnel
    lens for high concentration photovoltaic system,” Int. J. Photoenergy 14, 539891 (2014)
    [5]. http://nextbigfuture.com/2014/10/sola-powered-lasers-for-magnesium.html
    [6]. https://www.rp-photonics.com/yag_lasers.html
    [7]. http://fp.optics.arizona.edu/
    [8]. http://www.fizik.itu.edu.tr/akturks/files/L&P%2014%20laser%20types.pdf
    [9]. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_laser_types
    Thank for your
    Attention!
    Ray Diagram

    Critical angle condition:


    Half angle= Sin-1(n12-n22)1/2= 63.44o for Glass
    = 57.83o for Water
    8
    Cavity Design
    September
    Fix the laser rod in the cavity

    Inlet/outlet for cooling water


    October
    Modify the light guide !!
    Future work
    Pumping
    Plan
    November
    Measure and characterize the
    output

    Output couplers

    Measure the output and


    characterize
    Next Semester
    Optimization

    Redesign !!

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