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    Acute Radiology

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    gehadbedda
    General Imaging modalities include X-rays, ultrasound, computed tomography (CT), nuclear imaging, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). CT imaging has advanced from incremental CT which imaged slices sequentially, to multislice CT which can image multiple slices simultaneously and provide 3D reconstructions. CT is useful for trauma imaging of the head, chest, abdomen, and limbs to assess fractures and internal injuries.

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    Acute Radiology

    Uploaded by

    gehadbedda
    22 views8 pages
    General Imaging modalities include X-rays, ultrasound, computed tomography (CT), nuclear imaging, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). CT imaging has advanced from incremental CT which imaged slices sequentially, to multislice CT which can image multiple slices simultaneously and provide 3D reconstructions. CT is useful for trauma imaging of the head, chest, abdomen, and limbs to assess fractures and internal injuries.

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    acute radiology

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    General Imaging modalities include X-rays, ultrasound, computed tomography (CT), nuclear imaging, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). CT imaging has advanced from incremental CT which imaged slices sequentially, to multislice CT which can image multiple slices simultaneously and provide 3D reconstructions. CT is useful for trauma imaging of the head, chest, abdomen, and limbs to assess fractures and internal injuries.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    22 views8 pages

    Acute Radiology

    Uploaded by

    gehadbedda
    General Imaging modalities include X-rays, ultrasound, computed tomography (CT), nuclear imaging, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). CT imaging has advanced from incremental CT which imaged slices sequentially, to multislice CT which can image multiple slices simultaneously and provide 3D reconstructions. CT is useful for trauma imaging of the head, chest, abdomen, and limbs to assess fractures and internal injuries.

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    of 8

    General Imaging

    Imaging modalities
    Conventional X-rays
    Ultrasonography [ US ]
    Computed tomography [ CT ]
    Radionuclide imaging
    Magnetic resonance imaging [ MRI ]
    Angiography conventional , CT ,MRI
    Interventional techniques

    

    Incremental CT

    A slice is imaged in the axial plane after which the table


    shifts to the next position to image the next slice.
    These devices, although still in use, are no longer being
    manufactured.

    [Conventional CT ,Standard CT ]

    

    Multislice CT 1999 [ Multidelector raw CT ] [MDCT]

     Many times faster than spinal CT


     The X ray tube rotates  Multiple slices per rotation

    

    Multislice CT [ MDCT ]

    Advantages
     Very rapid scanning
     Vascular imaging
     Virtual endoscopy
     Vertical reconstruction
    Maxillo –facial trauma
    Fracture lines [ Extent, Comminutions,
    displacement ]
    Soft tissue injuries (orbit )
    Intracranial complications

    

    Maxillo –facial trauma Why urgent ?!

     To remove bone fragments in vital areas [ orbit , brain ]


     To reduce fracture before adhesions
     To release muscles before fibrosis
     To seal skull floor defects before meningitis
     To ensure patent air way
     To remove FBs before infection

    

    Abdominal trauma

     Portable, rapid, non invasive


     Inexpensive
     No oral or IV contrast
     Serial examinations are possible

    

    Abdominal trauma

     Oral contrast (water soluble material) 


    perforation
     IV contrast (non ionic material)
     Maximize the difference between the
    enhancing parenchyma and the non
    enhancing hematoma or laceration
     Detect urine extravasation
     Detect the site of active bleeding
    Hemoperitonium

     Blood collects in the paracolic gutter


     CT visualization of blood in the peritoneal spaces
    corresponds with amounts more than 500ml
     The scan should include the pelvis

    Contrast-enhanced CT image shows an obvious layer of high


    attenuation produced by sedimented blood cells (arrow) in a
    pelvic hemoperitoneum.

    Hematocrit effect
    

    Chest trauma
     Chest wall : Hematoma , rib fractures , surgical emphysema
     Pleura : Air, fluid , blood
     Lung : Contusion , laceration ,torsion
     Mediastinum : Air , blood , aorta , pulmonary artery

    

    Chest trauma
     Chest wall : Hematoma , rib fractures , surgical emphysema
     Pleura : pneumothorax
     Lung : Contusion , laceration
    Chest wall
     Fractures
     Deformities
     Neoplasms
     FB location

    

    Pulmonary vessels

     Pulmonary embolism
     Pulmonary aneurysms
     Vascular malformation

    

    CAD & Bicolor maps

    • Bicolor coding of multiplanar


    reconstructions of the pulmonary arteries
    to display differences in contrast density
    suggestive of embolism

    

    Perfusion Lung Maps

    • Using a 4-slice CT scanner, 120 mL of contrast


    material, and a 30-second scan delay, acquired
    data in 1.25-mm thick slices are reconstructed to
    performe an automated 3D segmentation of the
    lungs.
    • The data were used to create a color-coded
    display of lung density, which was fused with the
    original CT images.
    Perfusion Lung Maps

    • Homogenous color distribution indicating normal perfusion


    • Disturbed color coding on the density map distal to the embolus

    

    Chronic embolism

    Axial and coronal reformatted images demonstrate the classic mosaic perfusion
    pattern hypoperfusion with small vessels of the affected lung segments and relative
    hyper perfusion and normal vessels of normal lung

    

    Coronary vessels
     Occlusion
     Stenosis
     Anomalies
     Grafts
     Stents
    Aorta
     Occlusion
     Stenosis
     Aneurysms
     Dissection
     Leakage
     Anomalies
     Grafts
     Stents

    

    Aortic dissection

     Extent
     False lumen
     Leakage
     Involvement of
    major vessels

    

    Limb vessels

     Occlusion
     Stenosis
     False aneurysms
     Dissection
     Leakage
    Occluded superficial femoral artery

    Computed tomography angiography (CTA) demonstrates the site


    of occlusion and collateral arteries that reconstitute the SFA via
    the profunda femoris

    

    Mesenteric vessels
     Thrombosis
     Stenosis
     Leakage
     Anomalies

    Detailed examination of the Superior Mesenteric Artery and Celiac Artery. Scan time
    = 9.4 seconds. 1mm slice thickness

    

    Sequestration

    Bronchopulmonary sequestration in 3-
    year-old boy. Coronal reconstruction
    of contrast-enhanced CT scan shows
    opacity within left lower lobe with
    prominent vessels. Feeder vessel from
    aorta is seen
    Virtual endoscopy

    Computed processing of the data obtained from cross- sectional imaging


    Slices are combined to generate a volumetric image
    Virtual endoscopy visualizes the inner surface of structures
    present in volumetric image

    www.ssregypt.com

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