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    Cbse Test Paper-02 CLASS - XII CHEMISTRY (Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids) Topic:-Reasoning Questions. (Answers)

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    Shreyash Kolekar
    1. Carboxylic acids are stronger acids than phenols due to carboxylate ions being more stabilized by resonance than phenoxide ions. The negative charge in carboxylate ions is delocalized over two oxygen atoms, while it is delocalized over one oxygen and one carbon in phenoxide ions. 2. Ethanol is soluble in water due to its ability to form intermolecular hydrogen bonds with water molecules, whereas ethyl chloride cannot form such bonds and is therefore insoluble in water. 3. Aldehydes are more reactive than ketones due to steric and electronic effects. Ketones have two bulky alkyl groups that hinder nucleophilic approach, while aldehydes have

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    Cbse Test Paper-02 CLASS - XII CHEMISTRY (Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids) Topic:-Reasoning Questions. (Answers)

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    Shreyash Kolekar
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    1. Carboxylic acids are stronger acids than phenols due to carboxylate ions being more stabilized by resonance than phenoxide ions. The negative charge in carboxylate ions is delocalized over two oxygen atoms, while it is delocalized over one oxygen and one carbon in phenoxide ions. 2. Ethanol is soluble in water due to its ability to form intermolecular hydrogen bonds with water molecules, whereas ethyl chloride cannot form such bonds and is therefore insoluble in water. 3. Aldehydes are more reactive than ketones due to steric and electronic effects. Ketones have two bulky alkyl groups that hinder nucleophilic approach, while aldehydes have

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    1. Carboxylic acids are stronger acids than phenols due to carboxylate ions being more stabilized by resonance than phenoxide ions. The negative charge in carboxylate ions is delocalized over two oxygen atoms, while it is delocalized over one oxygen and one carbon in phenoxide ions. 2. Ethanol is soluble in water due to its ability to form intermolecular hydrogen bonds with water molecules, whereas ethyl chloride cannot form such bonds and is therefore insoluble in water. 3. Aldehydes are more reactive than ketones due to steric and electronic effects. Ketones have two bulky alkyl groups that hinder nucleophilic approach, while aldehydes have

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    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    109 views1 page

    Cbse Test Paper-02 CLASS - XII CHEMISTRY (Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids) Topic:-Reasoning Questions. (Answers)

    Uploaded by

    Shreyash Kolekar
    1. Carboxylic acids are stronger acids than phenols due to carboxylate ions being more stabilized by resonance than phenoxide ions. The negative charge in carboxylate ions is delocalized over two oxygen atoms, while it is delocalized over one oxygen and one carbon in phenoxide ions. 2. Ethanol is soluble in water due to its ability to form intermolecular hydrogen bonds with water molecules, whereas ethyl chloride cannot form such bonds and is therefore insoluble in water. 3. Aldehydes are more reactive than ketones due to steric and electronic effects. Ketones have two bulky alkyl groups that hinder nucleophilic approach, while aldehydes have

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    CBSE TEST PAPER-02

    CLASS - XII CHEMISTRY (Aldehydes, Ketones and carboxylic acids)

    Topic:- Reasoning Questions.


    [ANSWERS]
    1. Carboxylic acid on dissociation form carboylate ion which is stabilized by two equivalent
    resonance structure in which negative charge is at the more electronegative oxygen
    atom, whereas the conjugate base of phenol, phenoxide ion, has non – equivalent
    resonance structures in which negative charge is at the less electronegative carbon
    atom. Therefore resonance is not as important as it is in carboxylate ion. Moreover the
    negative charge is delocalized over two more electronegative oxygen atoms in
    carboxylate ion whereas it is less effectively delocalized over one oxygen atom and one
    carbon atom in phenoxide ion. Therefore the carboxylate ion is more stabilized than
    phenoxide ion and carboxylic acids are stronger acids than phenol.
    2. Ethanol can form intermolecular Hydrogen bonding with water molecules, ethyl chloride
    can not. Therefore ethanol is soluble in water and ethyl chloride is not.
    3. Aldehydes are more reactive than Ketones due to steric and electronic reasons. In
    Ketones due to presence of two relatively large alkyl groups, the approach of nucleophile
    is more hindered than in aldehydes having only one such substitute. More over the +I
    effect of alkyl groups reduces the electophilicity of carbonyl group more in Ketone than
    in aldehydes.
    4. Carboxylic acids have more extensive association of molecules through intermolecular
    hydrogen bonding than alcohols. Moreover their boiling points are higher than alcohols
    of same carbon atoms.
    5. Ethanoic acid exists as dimer in vapour state in which two molecules remain together by
    hydrogen bonding. This increases the effective molecular mass to 120.

    6. In carboxylic acids due to presence of resonance, the C=O group is not a pure carbonyl
    group & therefore they do not show characteristic reactions of carbonyl group.
    7. Formaldehyde does not have any α - hydrogen and therefore it can not show aldol
    condensation.
    8. In fluoroacetic acid, Fluorine being electron withdrawing group stabilizes the conjugate
    base through delocalization of the negative charge
    O
    F C
    O
    Therefore fluoroacetic acid is a stronger acid than acetic acid.

    Material downloaded from http://myCBSEguide.com and http://onlineteachers.co.in


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