OISD-GDN-161

REVISION - I
FOR RESTRICTED
CIRCULATION

LPG TANK TRUCK INCIDENTS : RESCUE & RELIEF

OPERATIONS

OISD - GDN - 161

Revision - I : March, 2003

Oil Industry Safety Directorate

Government of India
Ministry of Petroleum & Natural Gas

OISD-GDN-161
Revision – I : March, 2003
 FOR RESTRICTED CIRCULATION

LPG TANK TRUCK INCIDENTS : RESCUE AND RELIEF

OPERATIONS

Prepared by:
COMMITTEE ON ‘LPG TANK TRUCK INCIDENTS’

OIL INDUSTRY SAFETY DIRECTORATE

Government of India,
Ministry of Petroleum & Natural Gas,
7th Floor, New Delhi House,
27, Barakhamba Road,
New Delhi-110 001.
 NOTE

OIL INDUSTRY SAFETY DIRECTORATE publications

are prepared for use in the oil and gas industry under the
Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas. These are the property
of Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas and shall not be
reproduced or copied and loaned or exhibited to others without
written consent from OISD.

Though every effort has been made to assure the

accuracy and reliability of data contained in these documents,
OISD hereby expressly disclaims any liability or responsibility for
loss or damage resulting from their use.

These documents are intended only to supplement and

not replace the prevailing statutory requirements.
 FOREWORD

Oil Industry in India is 100 years old. Over the years a

variety of practices have been in vogue because of various
collaboration / association with different foreign companies and
governments. Standardisation in design, operating and
maintenance practices at a national level was hardly in
existence. This lack of uniformity coupled with feed back from
some serious incidents that occurred in the recent past in India
and abroad, emphasized the need for the industry to review
the existing state of art in designing, operating and maintaining
oil and gas installations.

With this in view, the Ministry of Petroleum and Natural

Gas in 1986 constituted a Safety Council assisted by the Oil
Industry Safety Directorate (OISD) staffed from within the
industry in formulating and implementing a series of self
regulatory measures aimed at removing obsolescence,
standardizing and upgrading the existing standards to ensure
safer operations. Accordingly, OISD constituted a number of
functional committees of experts nominated from the industry
to draw up standards and guidelines on various subjects.

The original document on ‘Rescue and relief operation

involving tank truck accident carrying LPG’ was released in
August, 1993. The present document on ‘LPG Tank Truck
Incidents : Rescue & Relief Operations’ was prepared by the
Committee on LPG Tank Truck Incidents. This document is
revised based on the accumulated knowledge / experience of
industry members and the various national / international
codes & practices.

Correspondence from industry members may be addressed to:

The Co-ordinator,
Committee on
LPG Tank Truck Incidents
OIL INDUSTRY SAFETY DIRECTORATE,
Government of India,
Ministry of Petroleum & Natural Gas,
7th Floor, New Delhi House,
27, Barakhamba Road,
New Delhi-110 001.
 COMMITTEE ON
LPG TANK TRUCK MODIFICATIONS, DESIGN AND OPERATION
(First Edition : August 1993)

LIST OF MEMBERS
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NAME ORGANISATION STATUS
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
S/Shri

R.K. Singh Bharat Petroleum Corporation Ltd. Leader

V.K. Allawadi Indian Oil Corporation Ltd. Member

S.V. Sahni Hindustan Petroleum Corporation Ltd. Member

S.C. Gupta Oil Industry Safety Directorate Member-Co-ordinator

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

COMMITTEE ON
LPG TANK TRUCK INCIDENTS
(Revision I : March 2003)

LIST OF MEMBERS
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NAME ORGANISATION STATUS
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
S/Shri

K. V. Apte Hindustan Petroleum Corporation Ltd. Leader

N. Dasgupta Bharat Petroleum Corporation Ltd. Member

M. S. Iyer Bharat Petroleum Corpn. Ltd. Refinery, Member

S. S. Lamba Indian Oil Corporation Ltd. Member

T. Koteeswaran Chennai Petroleum Corporation Ltd. Member

S. Roy Chowdhury IBP Co. Ltd. Member

D. J. Phukan Numaligarh Refineries Ltd. Member

B. K. Tiwari Oil Industry Safety Directorate Member-Co-ordinator

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(In addition to the above, several other experts from industry contributed in the
preparation, review and finalisation of this document).

LPG TANK TRUCK INCIDENTS : RESCUE AND RELIEF OPERATIONS

 CONTENTS

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SECTION DESCRIPTION PAGE NO.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

1.0 INTRODUCTION 1

2.0 SCOPE 1

3.0 DEFINITIONS 1

4.0 EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT PLAN 2

4.1 DISTRIBUTION OF EMP 2

4.2 TREM CARD 2

4.3 INFORMATION ON INCIDENT

2

4.4 INITIATION OF ACTION

3

4.5 SCENARIO AND EMERGENCY HANDLING

4

4.6 RELIEF / RESCUE OPERATIONS

8
IN CASE OF UCV / BLEVE

4.7 ROLE OF EXTERNAL AGENCIES 9

4.8 RESOURCE IDENTIFICATION / MOBILISATION 10

ANNEXURE I 11
ANNEXURE II 14
ANNEXURE III 16
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

1.0 INTRODUCTION
There is a sustained growth in consumption formation takes place. Ignition and
and consequent transportation of bulk LPG burning of vapour cloud as
by road tankers to LPG Installations spread deflagrations and fireballs may
all over India. cause lot of damage by radiation
starting secondary fires at some
In order to have better and clear distance. The vapour cloud may
understanding among the Oil Industry ignite and its explosion may cause
personnel, their roles and responsibilities high over pressures and very heavy
along with various other authorities have damage, which is termed as
been defined. unconfined vapour cloud explosion
(UVCE).
Interaction at field level with local
authorities, law enforcing agencies, fire 3.5 Boiling Liquid Expanding Vapour
brigade and other oil companies is must to Explosion (BLEVE) : BLEVE is the
familiarise all concerned and to ensure their violent rupture of a pressure vessel
co-operation and willingness to handle such containing saturated liquid / vapour
emergencies. at a temperature well above its
normal (atmospheric pressure)
2.0 SCOPE boiling point. The resulting flash
evaporation of a large fraction of
This document provides guidelines for the liquid produces a large vapour
handling emergencies arising out of LPG cloud. If the vapour is flammable
Tank Truck (TT) incidents. The location and if an ignition source is present
incharges, based on these guidelines, at the time of vessel rupture, the
should identify necessary resources so as to vapour cloud burns in the form of a
handle such incidents promptly. These large rising fireball. If ignition is
guidelines can be modified to reflect local delayed a few seconds, such that
conditions as well as the capabilities of the the vapour has time to form a large
response team. flammable vapour-air mixture, a
vapour cloud explosion ensues.
Guidelines for Rescue & Relief operations
for POL Tank Truck Accident are covered in 3.6 Emergency Response Vehicle
OISD-GDN-165. (ERV) : Emergency Response
Vehicle is a rescue vehicle with
3.0 DEFINITIONS necessary support equipment meant
for rescue and relief operations in
3.1 Bulk LPG Tank Truck : A Tank Truck any incident involving LPG bulk
designed to carry bulk LPG by movement.
road.
3.7 LPG Installation : LPG Installation
3.2 Incident : An event involving a bulk means an LPG facility like LPG
LPG Tank Truck with or without bulk Installation, LPG Recovery Plant,
load meeting with an accident with/ Refinery etc., where LPG handling,
without leak with or without fire. i.e., loading / unloading, bottling
etc., is carried out.
3.3 TRANSPORT EMERGENCY
(TREM) CARD: A card issued by an 3.8 Flammable (Explosive) Range :
LPG loading location containing
details about the nature of hazards, In the case of gases or vapour,
protective devices, telephone which form flammable mixtures with
numbers and actions related to air, there is a minimum
spillage, fire, first aid etc. to be concentration of vapour in air, below
taken in any emergency. which the propagation of flame does
not occur on contact with a source
3.4 Unconfined Vapour Cloud Explosion of ignition. This is called Lower
(UVCE) : With the release of LPG Explosive Limit (LEL). Similarly,
to atmosphere, vapour cloud there is a maximum concentration
 of vapour, above which the
propagation of flame does not occur 4.2.1 As a precaution against any incident
on contact with a source of ignition. or emergency that may occur during
This is called Upper Explosive Limit carriage, the TT crew should also be
(UEL). This range of minimum to supplied with instructions in writing as
maximum concentration is termed detailed in safety Instructions Booklet
as Flammable (Explosive) Range. attached as Annexure-III.
Generally, this range for LPG is
1.8% to 9.5%.

4.3 INFORMATION ON INCIDENT

4.0 EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT PLAN In the event of an incident,
(EMP) following steps should be taken :

In order to handle Emergencies, which may 4.3.1 In case the TT crew is in a position
arise due to incident involving LPG Tank to act, they should inform the
Trucks, it is required that a comprehensive nearest LPG Installation first
Emergency Management Plan is readily otherwise contact the nearest Depot
available with the industry as well as with / Terminal of any oil company. The
other related authorities. The Emergency TT crew should also inform the
Management Plan should be clearly nearest Police Post and Fire
understood by its users so that the Brigade.
Emergencies can be handled in a
systematic manner with minimum response 4.3.2 In case, phone facility is not
time in accordance with the prescribed available in the vicinity, TT crew
procedure. should send the message through
any other means such as any other
4.1 DISTRIBUTION OF EMP : Copies of truck / TT or any volunteer to the
the Emergency Management plan shall nearest Bottling Plant, Retail Outlet,
be made available by the Industry to: Oil Installation of any Oil Company,
Police Post and Fire Brigade, (All
i. All the field locations i.e. LPG Retail Outlets, Oil Installations, Fire
Installations, POL Depots, Terminals Brigade & Police Station should be
/ Installations, Refineries, Gas provided with telephone nos. of the
Processing Plants, Despatch units nearest LPG Installation).
of ONGC/GAIL etc.
4.3.3 In case the message is received first
ii. The concerned District by Police Post or Fire Brigade or
Administration, Police Stations and Depot / Installation of any Oil
Fire Brigades en-route and within company, they should inform the
vicinity of specified LPG tank truck nearest Bottling Plant of any
routes. company.

iii. Others, viz., Sales personnel of 4.3.4 While conveying the information to
concerned area as may be required. LPG Installation by TT Crew, Fire
Brigade, Police Post, Depot /
Location specific availability of Installation as may be the case, the
ERV shall be mentioned in the following information should be
Emergency Management Plan. collected and relayed :

4.2 TREM CARD a) Location of incident, milestone no.,

Highway No., nearest village / town
TREM Card as per details shown in and any other easily identifiable
Annexure-II and Route Map shall be landmark.
provided to the Tank Truck Crew
which should be referred in case of b) Registration No. of TT, name of the
emergency. Transporter.
 f) Chief Controller of Explosives /
c) Date and time of incident. Zonal Controller of Explosives, as
applicable.
d) TT empty or full and the quantity.
g) Oil Industry Safety Directorate.
e) Proceeding from/ on way to.
In case a Depot / Installation is located near
f) Any casualty or injury. to the site of incident, the LPG Installation
should inform such location for rendering
g) Any leakage or fire and its source. immediate assistance, to the extent
feasible.
h) Position of TT after the incident on
road. 4.4.2 RESCUE PLANNING

i) Safety Precautions taken. Simultaneously, the LPG Installation

should organise rescue operations
j) Help required (tools & tackles, i.e., and invoke Contingency Plan as the
jacks etc., crane, transfer of situation demands. Following
product, towing of vehicle, fire actions should be initiated:
tender, fire fighting equipment,
ambulance etc). a) After assessing the situation, a
rescue team consisting of requisite
However, to minimize the delay no. of officers and maintenance
whatever information is readily crew should be rushed to the site
available should be quickly relayed along with 2-3 empty depressurized
followed by detailed information as Tank Trucks.
above.
b) The rescue team should also carry
Documentary proof of such intimation to equipment as identified in
Police Post / Fire Brigade / Retail Outlets Annexure- I.
should be retained.
c) Wherever Oil Industry has
4.4 INITIATION OF ACTION positioned Emergency Responses
Vehicle (ERV), the same should be
4.4.1 IMMEDIATE COMMUNICATION requisitioned for carrying out rescue
operations.
On receipt of information, the LPG
Installation should convey d) Oil Industry Sales Personnel of the
information using quickest mode of concerned area should also get
communication such as phone, associated with rescue team to
FAX, E-mail etc., to following provide assistance through local
agencies / persons: agencies on receipt of information.

a) Nearest Fire Station.

4.5 SCENARIO AND EMERGENCY
b) Nearest Police Station or Police HANDLING
headquarters.
4.5.1 SCENARIO
c) District Administration.
On reaching the site, the rescue
d) The Transporter (as per the team should assess the situation
directory of the Transporters’ and liaise with the Plant Manager
address) for any further help required from
any agency. The Rescue team
e) Zonal / Region and Head Office of should classify the incident in the
the owning Company of the product. following category:
a) Resulting only in injury / fatality to safely. The Plant will also decide
any other road user. whether any repair could be
undertaken by the Transporter
b) Resulting in head-on collision, side without emptying out the tank truck
hit, dashing against any other fixed or whether tank truck needs to be
object, etc. evacuated / degassed which should
be done at the LPG Installation.
i) with no damage to bullet or any
fittings. Necessary help should be rendered
to injured person/(s).
ii) with damage to bullet or any
fittings resulting in LPG leak. (B) (i) Incident resulting in
head-on collision/ side hit,
c) Resulting in tank truck falling off dashing against any other
the road with damage to bullet, fixed object and no damage
fittings with or without leakage and to bullet or any fitting.
requiring evacuation of product.
Rescue team should proceed to the
d) Toppling of tank truck, rupture of incident site and initiate the
liquid line and LPG leak following action:

i) without fire, or a) Survey the vehicle and list out

the damages.
ii) with fire.
b) Assess whether tank truck can
e) Vapour cloud explosion / BLEVE be towed to the nearest LPG
resulting in injuries, fatalities and Installation after initial repairs.
damages to the surrounding areas.
c) List out all precautions and
The Rescue team should take advise the driver / Police for the
utmost care in tackling the situation steps to be taken while towing
and should not take undue risk and the vehicle to the LPG
should guide professional fire Installation, if it can be towed.
fighting people of the Fire Brigade/
Industry. d) Tank truck should be unloaded
at the LPG Installation
immediately after reaching and
shall be released only after it
has been made gas free.

In case the mechanical condition of tank

truck is not stable, it should be evacuated in
4.5.2 EMERGENCY HANDLING line with the procedure stipulated in
subsequent scenario B(ii).
The scenarios mentioned in para
4.5.1 call for following emergency (B) (ii) Incident resulting in leakage.
actions :
The following steps should be taken:
(A) Incident resulting only in
injury / fatality a) Warn people to stop all open
fire, lantern, to ensure no
LPG Installation need not depute smoking within the surrounding
the Rescue team to the site of area. Use of Cello-phones will
incident. However, if required, the not be permitted in the hazard
LPG Installation should arrange to area and also the TT crew will
inspect the TT and advise whether be prohibited to use any cell
the TT can proceed to its destination phone.
 on TT side with proper
b) Stop traffic on both sides of the assessment of LPG vapour
Road. Divert the traffic from space inside the TT .
all the roads approaching the
site. f) Possibility can also be explored
for stopping / controlling the
c) Survey the vehicle, bullet, all leakage through transhipment of
fittings & assess the extent of products. Transhipment of the
damage. product from affected TT to the
de-pressurised TT can be done
d) Assess whether the anchoring through any of the following
of bullet to the chassis is alternatives with the procedural
damaged or intact and details given in para 4.5.2 – (C)
whether the bullet can be (e).
lifted with or without chassis.
i) Through an ERV by
e) Check possibility of stopping pressure differential method
leak by any of the following with the help of the LPG
methods. Such operation shall compressor.
be carried out by trained
personnel with due care under ii) The depressurised 2-3 TTs
close supervision of a brought at the site through a
competent person and shall be simple connection / flow.
approached from the upwind
direction. Also, all tools and iii) Connecting the affected TT
equipment used for controlling through a pressurised TT
the leak shall be spark proof. and connecting the
depressurised TT for
i) Tightening of valve evacuation of the product.
manifold end connections
through cap / flange / iv) Pumping water into the
fittings. affected TT and connecting
. to the depressurised TT to
ii) Wetting the area of leakage evacuate product through
with wet cloth or gunny bag vapour line.
etc.
g) In case leakage is profuse and
iii) Using wooden plug. cannot be stopped, take the
following actions :
iv) Using M-Seal or a proper
epoxy-base cold-welding i) Take precautionary measures as
compound. follows with approach always
from upwind side :
v) Plugging of safety-relief
valve through a leak-seal - If it is necessary and site
plug. condition makes it feasible,
depressurise the tank of
vi) Possibility of stopping / remaining vapour through
controlling the leakage controlled discharge from
should also be explored by vapour discharge valve after
pumping water into the TTs. taking all precautions. If venting
In this case, adequate is inevitable, take following
separation distance of the action before commencing the
pump from the leaky TT venting operation:
shall be maintained.
Further, a NRV shall be - Cordon off the surrounding
provided on water filling line area.
  WITH NO LEAKAGE.
- Divert vehicular traffic from
the highway. The following steps should be taken:

- Use water mist nozzles to a) Survey the vehicle, bullet, all fittings
disperse vapour cloud & assess the extent of damage.

- Inform Railway authorities if b) Assess whether the anchoring of

the incident site is in the bullet to the chassis is damaged
vicinity of railway tracks, to or intact and whether the bullet
suspend all rail movement. can be lifted with or without
chassis.
- Get the power supply to the
area cut off. c) In case of filled tank truck, assess
whether liquid and vapour nozzles
- Extinguish/ take care of all are accessible for making hose
sources of ignition (viz. connection.
smoking, cooking, industrial
furnaces, open fire etc.) d) Assess whether crane(s) capable of
lifting the tank truck with load are
- Closely monitor the level of available for putting the tank truck
concentration of LPG vapours on wheels or tank truck can be
with the help of explosimeter dragged by monkey wrench to the
outside the cordoned off area to road. If cranes of required capacity
eliminate any danger to public are not available, no attempt should
life & property. be made for lifting the filled tank
truck and tank truck should be
ii) No person shall be allowed to emptied before putting it back on
stay within the vapour cloud and wheels.
within the vicinity in the wind
direction. e) If Tank Truck cannot be towed safely
to an LPG Installation, the product
iii) On arrival of the Fire Brigade, should be transshipped to another
the vapour cloud should be tank truck in the following manner
dispersed towards un-inhabited and such operation shall be carried
area using wide angle spray till out by trained personnel with due
the entire product has been care under close supervision of a
vented out, if possible. competent person:

iv) Concentration of vapour shall be i) Make temporary earthing

checked using explosimeter. connection with some electric
Only after all the vapours have pole or with iron rod driven in
cleared out from the leakage the earth upto sufficient depth.
source, the movement of traffic Also, effective bonding between
should be allowed. both the leaky and empty tank
trucks need to be ensured.
h) The other actions, if required,
should be taken in consultation ii) Connect depressurised tank
with experts in different fields. truck to the liquid line of the
damaged TT.
(C) Incident resulting in tank
truck falling off the road with iii) Slowly open the valves of
damage to bullet, fitting with incident affected tank truck and
or without leakage and the depressurised tank truck
requiring evacuation of the ensuring that Excess Flow
product. Check Valves do not close.
 iv) If the flow rate is not sufficient condition.
which is to be observed by
checking rotogauge, connect e) If the fire from overturned LPG tank
depressurised tank truck to the lorry envelopes the bullet and if it is
vapour nozzle of the incident not possible to arrange water for
affected tank truck. sustained cooling, the entire
surrounding area must be
v) After the flow rate slows down evacuated, much before water gets
or stops, connect another exhausted. Fire fighters should also
depressurised tank truck till be prepared to leave the site in such
such time the product to the an event.
maximum extent is transferred.
f) A control room should be set-up at
vi) Check the level of liquid in the the site with the help of local
incident affected tank truck by administration for close liaison with
rotogauge, vapour valve or all agencies.
differential skin temperature.
g) Local Hospitals / Ambulances
vii) All precautionary measures as should be alerted to be ready to
outlined in B (ii). g) needs to be provide medical aid to affected
taken. personnel, as the scenario may lead
to an Unconfined Vapour Cloud
 WITH LEAKAGE Explosion (UVCE) / BLEVE
resulting in loss of public life and
The procedure as stated under B (ii) property necessitating major rescue
is to be followed. operation.

(D) Toppling of tank truck,

rupture of liquid line and LPG
truck engulfed in fire.

If the Rescue team / Fire Brigade (E) Unconfined vapour cloud

/ Police reaches the site of explosion / BLEVE resulting
incident after start of fire, the in injuries, fatalities and
following action should be taken: damages to the surrounding
areas.
a) To cool the tank trucks, specially the
area in contact with vapour and There could be possibility of a
area around dish-end by the Fire situation when the incident
tender. Nobody to be allowed to affected tank truck might have
move by the side of either of the released a large amount of LPG
dish-ends of the tank truck(s). through the damaged fittings and
/ or liquid / vapour manifolds.
b) All personnel from the surrounding Since there is a large inventory
area to be evacuated to safer of LPG in the bullet, LPG would
places with the help of local continue to leak through these
administration. openings. In case of delayed
ignition, the released LPG would
c) To advise LPG Installation / District form vapour cloud and disperse
Administration to rush water tanker along the wind direction. The
to the site of incident. vapour cloud will increase in its
size and dilution of the cloud will
d) To use narrow angle spray for be occurring around the outer
cooling the bullet and extinguishing surface of the plume. Therefore,
fire if the source of leakage is small, the vapour cloud may either
otherwise, burning may be explode when it comes in contact
continued under controlled with the source of ignition or
 disperse safely. In case vapour 2. Take the injured persons to the
cloud explodes there would be nearest Hospital / Nursing
blast wave / shock wave Homes with the help of local
propagation resulting in damage administration.
as a function of distance.
Followed by explosion, there will 3. Extinguish remaining fires, if any,
be fire, which would travel back and remove debris from the road
to the affected tank truck. to restore normal vehicular
Depending upon the nature of traffic with the help of Fire
damage and type of release, the Brigade / Police personnel.
bullet may be subjected to flame
impingement, which may 4. Take up with the local authorities
subsequently lead to BLEVE for providing basic amenities,
(Boiling Liquid Expanding Vapour e.g., water, electricity, food and
Explosion) shelter to the dislodged /
affected people.
Based on computer models to
analyse the dispersion For tackling emergencies arising
characteristics for release of out of various scenarios as
entire LPG from an 18 MT tank detailed above, individual LPG
truck, it has been found that LPG Installation shall formulate
vapour cloud could travel long specific Disaster Management
distances depending upon the Plan incorporating all the
wind velocity (2-5 m/s) and available resources with
extent of leakage and still remain necessary contact numbers.
within the flammable limits. In
case of failure of 2” liquid loading
line, the LPG vapour cloud could
travel as much as 360 m upto 4.7 ROLE OF EXTERNAL AGENCIES
which vapour will still exist within
LEL. In contact with a source of It is expected that the following
ignition, the unconfined vapour roles should be performed by
cloud may explode resulting in various agencies:
fatalities and injuries, which
could be expected upto a 4.7.1 FIRE BRIGADE
distance of about 320m. from
the point of release. On receipt of information from any
source on incident of LPG tank
In case of a BLEVE, involving truck, Fire Brigade should contact
the bullet, the damages due to nearest LPG Installation and Police
incident radiant fluxes resulting Station. After assessing the
in fatalities and first-degree burn situation, it should :
could be expected upto a
distance of about 190m. and - Rush fire tender to the incident
290m. respectively. site with all necessary fire
fighting equipment.
4.6 RELIEF / RESCUE OPERATIONS
IN CASE OF UVCE / BLEVE - Prepare a Contingency Plan for
removal of tank truck, if not
The actions needed in such a leaking, in consultation with
situation are as follows: LPG Installation personnel.

1. Arrange to provide first-aid - Dispersal of vapours by water

treatment as necessary with the spray away from inhabited area,
help of local hospitals and in case of leakage.
voluntary agencies.
 - Extinguish the fire, in case
leakage source can be stopped. - To keep watch on the overall
situation.
- Allow the fire to burn under
controlled conditions till the - Rush ambulance to the incident
entire quantity is burnt out, in site if casualties are reported.
case the leakage source cannot
be stopped. - Direct cranes or any other such
equipment to carry out rescue
- Save human lives and salvage operations.
material from incident affected
truck. - Issue warning messages to
people through public address
- Liaise with Fire Brigade in the system, if any evacuation is
adjoining town for additional required.
help, if necessary.
- Arrange emergency vehicles for
- Arrange water through Municipal evacuation purposes.
Water tanker or any other
source. - Give direction to hospitals
having burns injury ward for
readiness to receive patient in
case of incident involving fire.
4.7.2 ROLE OF POLICE
- Provide basic amenities, e.g.,
On receipt of information, Police water, electricity, food and
should take the following actions : shelter to the affected people as
required.
- Stop the traffic from both ends of
the road. 4.8 RESOURCE IDENTIFICATION /
MOBILISATION
- Warn the people living in adjacent
area for stopping all fire, Mobilisation of resources will
smoking, evacuation to safe depend upon the scenario of
places, if necessary. disaster and all the locations are
required to identify the resources
- Maintain Law and Order in the based on the worst disaster.
area.
The Chief Co-ordinator of the
- Contact nearest District Police disaster would familiarise with all
Headquarters and giving the roads, routes, industries, First-aid
situation report. agencies and all the available
infrastructure in case of an
- Evacuate personnel from the eventuality.
area, if required.
4.8.1 RESOURCES
- Extend help in removal of
injured personnel to the nearest The following resources should be
first-aid centre / hospital, identified for the disaster
contacting highway patrol, management as listed in
completing legal formalities in Annexure-I :
case of any casualty.
a) In-plant resources

4.7.3 DISTRICT ADMINISTRATION b) External resources

On receipt of information, following b
actions should be taken :
 c) Communication on
resources Design / Fabrication and Fittings.

6. OISD STD – 160 : Protection to

REFERENCES : Fittings mounted on existing tank
trucks.
1. OISD STD – 144 :
LPG Bottling Plant Operations. 7. OISD GDN – 165 : Guidelines for
Rescue & Relief Operations for
2. OISD STD – 144 : POL Tank Truck Accident.
LPG Bottling Plant Operations.
8. The SEPE Handbook of Fire
3. OISD RP – 157 : Recommended Protection Engineering, NFPA,
Practices for Transportation of 1998.
Bulk Petroleum Products
9. NFPA – 58 : Standard for the
4. OISD RP – 157 : Recommended Storage and Handling of
Practices for Transportation of Liquified Petroleum Gases –
Bulk Petroleum Products 1983.

5. OISD STD - 159 : LPG Tank

Trucks – Requirements of Safety
* * *

ANNEXURE - I

A. IN-PLANT RESOURCES

Following items should be available at the Plant in adequate quantity / nos.

Mechanical Equipment :

1. Gaskets (Carbon Asbestos Filled)

2. Studs & bolts.
3. Teflon tapes.
4. ½” / ¾” crowbar (1 m long)
5. Spade / blind flange
6. Rope (Manila / Jute)
7. Spark arrestors.
8. 1” tapered wooden pegs.
9. Chopper
10. Spare fan belt for tank lorry with P.T.O. unit
11. Wind sock
12. M-Seal / epoxy-base cold-welding compound.
13. Wooden slippers
14. Teflon-taped spanners, wrenches
15. Spark-proof wrenches, hammer and tools.
16. Barricading masts and ropes / tapes
17. LPG hoses
18. Chain pulley blocks and stay pipes
19. Small valve keys for operating valves in the tank truck

Electrical Equipment :

1. Gas Explosi-meter
2. Flame-proof torches
3. Earthing wires (10 m long) with crocodile clips

Personnel Protective Equipment :

1. Gloves:
i) Rubber gloves
ii) Low Temperature Gloves
iii) Industrial gloves (with leather lining)
iv) Canvas gloves

2. Face shields
3. Ear muff / ear plugs

Other Safety Items :

1. 1 roll of gunny / hessian cloth (about 10 mts. long)

2. First aid box (containing water gel compounds)
3. Soap
4. Blanket.
5. Water Gel Blanket
6. Breathing Apparatus (With spare filled cylinder and Canister gas masks)
7. Fire proximity suit

11

Fire Fighting Equipment :

1. Portable DCP Fire Extinguishers

2. Fire-water Hoses
3. Triple Purpose diffuser nozzle for use with fire hoses.

Communication Equipment :

1. Hand operated sirens

2. Whistles
3. Megaphone, Mobile Phones, VHF sets.

Traffic Control Equipment :

1. Red lights (Battery operated) - for traffic diversion

2. Area maps
3. Diversion Boards

B. EXTERNAL RESOURCES :

Particulars Name Address Ph. No. Any Other

Info.
1. Fire Station

2. Ambulance

3. Hospitals

4. Police Station

5. Drug Stores

6.District Administration /
Collector

7. Availability of Cranes

8. Local PWD / CPWD

water supplies, sand,
morum, vehicles etc.

9. Local Army, Navy, Air

Force authorities

10. Any major industry

nearby

12

C. IDENTIFICATION OF COMMUNICATION RESOURCES :

Particulars Name Address Ph. No. Any Other

Info.

1. Public Address System

2. Retail Outlets

3. Railway Station

4. Power Houses

5. Civil Authorities

6. Voluntary Agencies

7. Local All India Radio /

Doordarshan
 ANNEXURE II

TRANSPORT EMERGENCY CARD (ROAD)

CARGO : LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS (LPG)

Nature of Hazard : Highly volatile and Inflammable.

Can cause Cold Burns.
Inhaling vapour can cause nausea, breathlessness & headache.
Air / vapour mixture highly explosive.
Leakage of LPG can cause Vapour Cloud explosion & BLEVE.

Protective Devices : Hand gloves (Rubber / low temperature)

Safety Goggles
Self-contained Respiratory device to work in vapour-rich area.
Low temperature / fire proximity suit.

EMERGENCY ACTION
Try to move the vehicle to open area.
Stop Engine.
Vehicle should not be left unguarded.
Contact Police, Fire Brigade, Sarpanch, nearest oil company by sending
helper / passer by.
Keep public and traffic away by displaying ‘Danger Boards’ at sufficient distance.
“No Smoking” and “No Naked Lights” within the cordoned off area.
Keep ready for action Fire Extinguishers and Safety Kit.
 Stay Upwind.

Spillage
Check the valves and caps for tightness by hand and stop leak if possible

Fire
If minor, try to extinguish by DCP fire extinguishers

First Aid
Pour water in case of cold or hot burn
Seek medical help, if necessary

Emergency Telephone Numbers

IOC _______________ HPC_______________________

BPC _____________________ IBP________________________

FIRE 101 _______________ POLICE 100_________________