Plate Girder

Faculty of Engineering
Mansoura University.
Steel structure
Design of Plate Girder due to LRFD Method
‫ سعد الدين مصطفي عبدربه‬/‫م‬.‫د‬.‫ أ‬:‫تقديم‬
.‫ محمد هشام محمد أنور أحمد رضوان‬/‫ م‬:‫اعداد‬

Plate Girder
I-Shaped Plate girder shall be distinguished from I-Shaped beams on the basis of the web
slenderness ratio h/tw, where in the plate girders this ratio is greater than λr.
 In Plate Girder λ = h/tw > λr
λr: the limit state for slenderness ratio.
The range of h/hc is given by:

Where:
Fyw: specified minimum yield stress of web, t/cm²
h: the distance between the two innermost lines of fasteners of the flanges, or clear distance
between flanges when welds are used, cm.
hc: twice the distance from the centroid to the innermost line of fasteners at compression
flange or to the inside face of the compression flange when welds are used, cm.
1. Limitation:
Where:
a: clear distance between transverse stiffeners, cm.
tw: web thickness, cm.
Page 1
𝐹𝑦𝑓 : specified minimum yield stress of the flange, t/cm².
In unstiffened girders, h/tw shall not exceed 260.
2. Design Flexure strength:

ɸb Mn : the design flexure strength for plate girder with slender webs.
Where: ɸb= 0.85 and Mn : the lower value obtained
Where:
Where:
𝐹𝑦𝑡 : yield stress of tension flange, t/cm².
𝐹𝑐𝑟 : Critical compression flange stress, t/cm².

𝑆𝑥𝑡 : Elastic section modulus referred to tension flange, cm³.
𝑆𝑥𝑐 : Elastic section modulus referred to compression flange, cm³.
𝑅𝑒 : hybrid girder factor, taken 1.0 for non-hybrid girders.
𝑎𝑟 : ratio of web area to compression flange area (less or equal to 10).
m: ratio of 𝐹𝑦𝑤 to 𝐹𝑦𝑡 ( for use in Eq. 6.5) or to 𝐹𝑐𝑟 ( for use in Eq. 6.6).
𝑅𝑝𝐺 : plate girder bending strength reduction factor.

𝐹𝑐𝑟 depend on the slenderness parameters λ , 𝜆𝑝 , 𝜆𝑟 , and 𝐶𝑝𝐺 t/cm² as follow:
Page 2
a- For the limit state of lateral torsion buckling:
𝐿 80 200
λ= 𝑏 , λ= , λ= , 𝐶𝑃𝐺 = 24000 𝐶𝑏
𝑟𝑟 √𝐹𝑦𝑓 √𝐹𝑦𝑓
Where: 𝑟𝑟 : Radius of gyration about the y-axis of the compression flange plus one sixth of
the web, cm.
b- For the limit state of flange local buckling:
𝐶 15.3 28
λ=𝑡 , λ= , λ=
𝑓 √𝐹𝑦𝑓 √𝐹𝑦𝑓
For simplicity: 𝐶𝑃𝐺 = 470

𝑆𝑥𝑐𝑒
For accuracy: 𝐶𝑃𝐺 = 0.6 𝐹𝑦𝑡
𝑆𝑥𝑐
λ²
Where: C: defined from table 2.12c1.

𝑆𝑥𝑐𝑒 : The effective elastic section modulus referred to compression flange, cm³
𝐶𝑏 = 1.0
 The limit state of flexural web local buckling is not applicable.
3. Design Shear Strength: Shear strength ( ɸ𝒗 𝑽𝒏 ), where ɸ𝒗 = 0.85
3.1 Without tension field action:
𝑽𝒏 = 0.6 𝑨𝒘 𝑭𝒚𝒘 C𝒗 Eq.6.20
Where: 𝐴𝑤 is Web area, 𝐴𝑤 = h * 𝑡𝑤
C𝒗 : the ratio of critical web stress according to linear buckling theory, to the shear yield
stress of web material, and C𝒗 is determined as follow:
Page 3
5
K v : The web plate buckling coefficient and given from: 𝐾𝑣 = 5 + 𝑎
(ℎ)²
When K v > 3.0 OR [260⁄ ℎ ]².

( )
𝑡𝑤
3.2 With tension field action:

 Simplified method:
 Accurate method:
Page 4
Where: a/h > 3.0 or [260⁄ ℎ ]², then tension field action isn’t permitted and 𝑉𝑛 is
( )
𝑡𝑤
determined like Eq. 6.20.
4. Transverse Stiffeners: h/𝑡𝑤 ≤ 112/√𝐹𝑦𝑤 .
𝑉𝑢 ≤ ɸ𝒗 𝑽𝒏 , where ɸ𝒗 = 0.85 .
4.1 Shear strength without or with tension field action:

𝑎
J = [2.5/( )²] - 2 ≥ 0.5 Eq. 6.28
ℎ
4.2 Shear strength with tension field action:
Where:𝐹𝑦𝑠𝑡 : Specified yield stress of the stiffener material, t/cm².
D = 1.0 for stiffeners in pairs.

= 1.8 for single angle stiffeners.
= 2.4 for single plate stiffeners.
5. Flexure shear interaction:
For: ɸ𝑣 = 0.85, and
Where:
𝑀𝑛 : The nominal flexure strength of the plate girder.
𝑉𝑛 : The nominal Shear strength.
Page 5

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Faculty of Engineering

Design of Plate Girder due to LRFD Method

‫ سعد الدين مصطفي عبدربه‬/‫م‬.‫د‬.‫ أ‬:‫تقديم‬

.‫ محمد هشام محمد أنور أحمد رضوان‬/‫ م‬:‫اعداد‬

The range of h/hc is given by:

In unstiffened girders, h/tw shall not exceed 260.

2. Design Flexure strength:

𝐹𝑐𝑟 : Critical compression flange stress, t/cm².

𝑅𝑝𝐺 : plate girder bending strength reduction factor.

For simplicity: 𝐶𝑃𝐺 = 470

Where: C: defined from table 2.12c1.

When K v > 3.0 OR [260⁄ ℎ ]².

3.2 With tension field action:

4. Transverse Stiffeners: h/𝑡𝑤 ≤ 112/√𝐹𝑦𝑤 .

4.1 Shear strength without or with tension field action:

4.2 Shear strength with tension field action:

Where:𝐹𝑦𝑠𝑡 : Specified yield stress of the stiffener material, t/cm².

D = 1.0 for stiffeners in pairs.

5. Flexure shear interaction:

For: ɸ𝑣 = 0.85, and

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