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    Cbip Manual Capitalization

    Uploaded by

    Mahidhar Talapaneni
    This document provides a capitalization formula for transformer losses that considers: 1) The interest rate, cost of electrical energy per kWh, transformer life of 25 years, and annual loss factor of 0.408 based on an annual load factor of 60%. 2) The capitalized cost of transformer includes initial cost plus capitalized costs of annual iron losses, annual load losses, and annual auxiliary losses. 3) Formulas are provided to calculate the capitalized cost per kW of annual iron losses, annual load losses, and annual auxiliary losses based on the interest rate, electrical energy cost, transformer life, and annual loss factor.

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    Cbip Manual Capitalization

    Uploaded by

    Mahidhar Talapaneni
    680 views2 pages
    This document provides a capitalization formula for transformer losses that considers: 1) The interest rate, cost of electrical energy per kWh, transformer life of 25 years, and annual loss factor of 0.408 based on an annual load factor of 60%. 2) The capitalized cost of transformer includes initial cost plus capitalized costs of annual iron losses, annual load losses, and annual auxiliary losses. 3) Formulas are provided to calculate the capitalized cost per kW of annual iron losses, annual load losses, and annual auxiliary losses based on the interest rate, electrical energy cost, transformer life, and annual loss factor.

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    types of breakers and their applications

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    This document provides a capitalization formula for transformer losses that considers: 1) The interest rate, cost of electrical energy per kWh, transformer life of 25 years, and annual loss factor of 0.408 based on an annual load factor of 60%. 2) The capitalized cost of transformer includes initial cost plus capitalized costs of annual iron losses, annual load losses, and annual auxiliary losses. 3) Formulas are provided to calculate the capitalized cost per kW of annual iron losses, annual load losses, and annual auxiliary losses based on the interest rate, electrical energy cost, transformer life, and annual loss factor.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    680 views2 pages

    Cbip Manual Capitalization

    Uploaded by

    Mahidhar Talapaneni
    This document provides a capitalization formula for transformer losses that considers: 1) The interest rate, cost of electrical energy per kWh, transformer life of 25 years, and annual loss factor of 0.408 based on an annual load factor of 60%. 2) The capitalized cost of transformer includes initial cost plus capitalized costs of annual iron losses, annual load losses, and annual auxiliary losses. 3) Formulas are provided to calculate the capitalized cost per kW of annual iron losses, annual load losses, and annual auxiliary losses based on the interest rate, electrical energy cost, transformer life, and annual loss factor.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 2

    Rationalisation of Capitalisation Formula for Transformer Losses 319

    SECTION L
    Capitalisation Formula for Transformer Losses
    1.0 The rate of capitalisation of transformer losses depends upon the rate of interest, rate of
    electrical energy per kWh, life of transformer and average annual loss factor. The annual loss
    factor takes into account the loading of the transformer during the year. In computing the rate
    of capitalisation of ‘Iron losses’, ‘Load losses’ and ‘Auxiliary losses’, following
    methodology is recommended :

    (i) Rate of interest (r);

    (ii) Rate of electrical energy (EC) : It is the cost of energy per kWh at the ‘Bus’ to which the
    transformer is to be connected. This has been taken as Rs. per kWh at 11 kV.

    (iii) Life of the transformer (n) : It is taken as 25 years.

    (iv) The transformer may be considered in service (LF) for (365X24) 8760 hours in a year.
    With modern techniques in design of Condition-monitoring etc, for calculation of losses
    no downtime is considered.

    (v) The cooling auxiliaries system has been considered in service for 40 percent of the time,
    the transformer is in service.

    (vi) Annual losses factor:

    LS = 0.2 LF + 0.8 (LF)2

    where:

    LS is the annual loss factor

    LF is the annual load factor. This may be decided by the purchaser depending on the
    application of transformer. However assuming annual load factor (LF) as 60 percent,
    annual loss factor (LS) works out to 0.408.

    (vii) Capitalisation Formula Suggested,

    Capitalised Cost of Transformer = Initial Cost (IC) + Capitalised Cost of annual iron
    losses (Wi) + Capitalised cost of annual Load losses (Wc) + Capitalised cost of annual
    auxiliary losses (Wp).
    320 Manual on Transformers

    (1+r )n −1
    Capitalised cost of Iron losses per kW (Wi) = 8760 x e x r (1+r )n

    (1+r )n −1*LS
    Capitalised cost of Load losses per kW (Wc) = 8760 e x x

    r (1+r )
    n

    (1+r )n −1
    Capitalised cost of Auxiliary losses per kW (Wp) = 0.4 8760 e x x x

    r (1+r ) n
    Note:

    (i) Actual value can be worked out by the purchaser by considering appropriate values of r, EC, LF and LS.

    (ii) For auto transformer, the load losses capitalisation shall consider the losses due to both HV and IV loaded to
    their rating with tertiary unloaded unless otherwise required by the purchaser. For other three winding
    transformers the loading combinations for capitalisation of losses shall be indicated by purchaser.

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