AOR To SOR
AOR To SOR
Input Data
AOR (kg O2/h) 8.4
a 0.60
b 0.98
q 1.012
SOTE/mds 6.0%
Pressure, Pa 101,325
'Standard/Normal' Conditions
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'Standard/Normal' Conditions
■8("Nm3/h" &"Refers to ′normal′ conditions: T = 0 oC, p = 101,3 kPa (1 atm) and RH=0% "
@"Sm3/h" &"Refers to ′standard′ conditions: T = 20 oC and p = 101,3 kPa (1 atm) and RH = 0
")
NOTE: The parameters for 'standard' conditions can be changed above if needed
(in US a 36% RH is stated as normal conditions)
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AOR: Actual oxygen transfer rate under field conditions
SOR: Standard oxygen requirement under field conditions
'Standard/Normal' Conditions
■8("Nm3/h" &"Refers to ′normal′ conditions: T = 0 oC, p = 101,3 kPa (1 atm) and RH=0% "
@"Sm3/h" &"Refers to ′standard′ conditions: T = 20 oC and p = 101,3 kPa (1 atm) and RH = 0% "
)
SOTE
Standard Oxygen Transfer Efficiency
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OR Calculation
Calculation
W 0.91
System Airflow
Calculation
rair,20C,1atm (kg/m3) 1.20
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T = 0 oC, p = 101,3 kPa (1 atm) and RH=0% "
T = 20 oC and p = 101,3 kPa (1 atm) and RH = 0%
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a
Accounts for Effect of Proces Water Characteristics on the Transfer Coefficient (K La)
𝛼={■(■8(𝑆𝑢𝑟𝑓𝑎𝑐𝑒 𝐴𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑜𝑟𝑠&0,90−1,00)@■8(𝑃𝑢𝑚𝑝
𝐸𝑗𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟𝑠&0,70−0,90)@■8(𝐵𝑟𝑢𝑠ℎ𝑒𝑠&0,70−0,85)@■8(𝑆𝑢𝑏𝑚𝑒𝑟𝑠𝑖𝑏𝑙𝑒 𝑃𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑠𝑢𝑟𝑖𝑧𝑒𝑑
𝑈𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠&0,75−0,90)@■8(�𝑜𝑎𝑟𝑠𝑒 𝐵𝑢𝑏𝑏𝑙𝑒𝑠 𝐴𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑆𝑦𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑚𝑠&0,65−0,80)@■8(𝐹𝑖𝑛𝑒
𝐵𝑢𝑏𝑏𝑙𝑒𝑠 𝐴𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑆𝑦𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑚𝑠&0,40−0,70))}
←𝑈𝑠𝑢𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑦 0,60−0,65
b
Accounts for Effect of Proces Water Characteristics on the Saturation Concentration (C* ¥)
q
Accounts for Effect of Temperature on the Transfer Coefficient (K La)
𝜃=1,024
W
Accounts for Effect of Pressure on the Saturation Concentration (C* ¥)
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0. DIMENSIONS & PARAMETERS
DIMENSIONS
Water level on tank 5.00 m
AOTR
Actual oxygen transfer rate under field conditions
AOR 8.38 kg O2/h
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1. STANDARD OXIGEN REQUIREMENT UNDER FIELD CONDITIONS
T Water temperature, oC
12 o
C
CORRECTION FACTORS
a Accounts for Effect of Proces Water Characteristics on the Transfer Coefficient (K La)
Non dimensional value, depending on the airation system
𝛼={■(■8(𝑆𝑢𝑟𝑓𝑎𝑐𝑒 𝐴𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑜𝑟𝑠&0,90−1,00)@■8(𝑃𝑢𝑚𝑝
𝐸𝑗𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟𝑠&0,70−0,90)@■8(𝐵𝑟𝑢𝑠ℎ𝑒𝑠&0,70−0,85)@■8(𝑆𝑢𝑏𝑚𝑒𝑟𝑠𝑖𝑏𝑙𝑒 𝑃𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑠𝑢𝑟𝑖𝑧𝑒𝑑
𝑈𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠&0,75−0,90)@■8(�𝑜𝑎𝑟𝑠𝑒 𝐵𝑢𝑏𝑏𝑙𝑒𝑠 𝐴𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑆𝑦𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑚𝑠&0,65−0,80)@■8(𝐹𝑖𝑛𝑒
𝐵𝑢𝑏𝑏𝑙𝑒𝑠 𝐴𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑆𝑦𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑚𝑠&0,40−0,70))}
←𝑈𝑠𝑢𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑦 0,60−0,65
a 0.60
b Accounts for Effect of Proces Water Characteristics on the Saturation Concentration (C* ¥)
The solubility of O2 in WW is aprox 95 to 99 % of that of pure water.
Unless concentration of biomass is very high, a value to consider is among 0,95 and 0,99
b 0.98
Ω=( 〖� ^∗ 〗 _∞ 𝑎𝑡 𝑝_𝑏)/( 〖� ^∗ 〗 _∞
𝑎𝑡 𝑝_𝑠 )=(𝑝_𝑏+𝛾_(𝑤 𝑇) 𝑑_𝑒−𝑝_(𝑣
𝑇))/(𝑝_𝑠+𝛾_(𝑤 𝑇) 𝑑_𝑒−𝑝_(𝑣 𝑇) )
When tank depths are less than 6 m, W may be approximated by pb/ps
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285.15 K
p0 Pressure at sea level, reference pressure, Pa
101,325.0 Pa
h0 Sea level, reference level, m
0 m
h1 Site elevation, m
750 m
Mair Molecular mass of air, kg/mol
28.963 g/mol
0.028963 kg/mol
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g Gravitational acceleration
9.80665 m s-2
R Avogadro constant
8.3144621 m3 Pa K-1 mol-1
p1 92,618.0 Pa
p1/p0 0.914
W 0.914
According to the Benson and Krause Equations (used by USGS among others)
DO0, Dissolved oxygen for freshwater (salinity=0o/oo) and standard pressure (1 atm)
AOR 8 kg O2/h
SOR 18 kg O2/h
AOR/SOR 0.459
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1.2. AIRFLOW REQUIREMENTS, m3/h
According to Jones
R Avogadro constant
8.3144621 m3 Pa K-1 mol-1
T Air temperature
20 C
o
Standard conditions
293.15 K
U Relative humidity, %
0 % Standard conditions
Z Compressivity module
According to Hyland and Wexler
□(𝑍=0,99999−5,8057× 〖 10 〗 ^(−9) 𝑝+2,6402× 〖 10 〗 ^(−16 ) 𝑝^2−3,3297× 〖 10 〗 ^(−7)
𝑡+1,2420× 〖 10 〗 ^(−10 ) 𝑝𝑡−2,0158× 〖 10 〗 ^(−18) 𝑝^2 𝑡+2,4925× 〖 10 〗 ^(−9 )
𝑡^2−6,2873× 〖 10 〗 ^(−13) 𝑝𝑡^2+5,4174× 〖 10 〗 ^(−21 ) 𝑝^2 𝑡^2−3,5× 〖 10 〗 ^(−7) (�𝐻)
+5,0× 〖 10 〗 ^(−9 ) 〖 (�𝐻) 〗 ^2 )
Where: P 101,325 Pa
T 20 C
o
RH 0 %
Z 0.99962 [-]
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If we assume that the composition of the dry air is nearly homogeneous below 20 km, then we can considerer
the content in oxygen as 23.18% (0 oC, 1 atm)
So:
Therefore:
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If the flow in Normal conditions is needed,
�_𝑛𝑜𝑟/�_𝑠𝑡 =𝑍_𝑛𝑜𝑟/𝑍_𝑠𝑡
×𝑇_𝑛𝑜𝑟/𝑇_𝑠𝑡 ×𝑃_𝑠𝑡/𝑃_𝑛𝑜𝑟
A B C Tmin, oC Tmax, oC
Psatst 17.473252 mm Hg
0.0232958 bar
Psatnor 4.5422258 mm Hg
0.0060558 bar
Pst* 1.013 bar
P nor
*
1.013 bar
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Sm3/h Refers to 'standard' conditions
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2. STANDARD OXIGEN TRANSFER OF AERATION SYSTEM
In case of having into account a Fine Bubbles Diffusors Systems, we can consider SOTE/m ds of
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ractice FD-13
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× 〖 10 〗 ^10)/𝑇^3
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3297× 〖 10 〗 ^(−7)
0 〗 ^(−9 )
× 〖 10 〗 ^(−7) (�𝐻)
emperature
to 298,04 K
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can considerer
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6.0%
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