B.A / B.Sc. MATHEMATICS (HONS.

Course Structure Under

CHOICE BASED CREDIT SYSTEM
FOR

SESSION 2016-2019

BERHAMPUR UNIVERSITY
 CORE COURSES
B.A/B.SC. (HONOURS.) –MATHEMATICS
SEMESTER-I

C-1.1: CALCULUS-I
Part-I(Marks:75)
(Theory:60 Marks+Mid-Sem:15 Marks)
Unit-I : Hyperbolic functions, Higher Order Derivatives, Leibniz rule and its
applications to problems of the type eax+bSinx; eax+bCosx; (ax+b)nSinx;
(ax+b)nCosx; Concavity and inflection points, Curve tracing in Cartesian
coordinates, Tracing in polar coordinates of standard curves, L Hospitals
Rule, Curvature and Asymptotes.
Unit-II : Reduction formulae, derivations and illustrations of reduction formulae of
type
 sin xdx,  cos xdx,  tan xdx,  sec xdx,  log x dx,  sin x cos xdx
n n n n n n n

Volumes by slicing, disks and washers methods, Volumes by cylindrical

shells, Parametric equations, Parameterizing a curve, arc length, arclength of
parametric curves, area of surface of revolution.
Unit-III : Techniques of sketching conics, refletion properties of conics, rotation of
axes and second degree equations, Classiffcation into conics using the
discriminant, polar equations of conics. Sphere, Cone, Cylinder, Central
conicoids.
Unit-IV : Triple product, introduction to vector functions, Operations with vector-
valued functions, limits and continuity of vector functions, differentiation
and integration of vector functions, tangent and normal components of
acceleration.
Part-II(Practical, Marks:25)
List of Practicals (Using Any Software)
Practical/Lab Work To Be Performed On A Computer.
Record =5 Marks ; Viva-Voce=5 Marks ; Experiment=15 Marks

1. Plotting the Graphs of the functions eax+b; log(ax + b); 1/(ax + b); Sin(ax + b); Cos(ax
+ b);|ax + b| and to illustrate the effect of a and b on the graph.
2. Plotting the graphs of the polynomial of degree 4 and 5; the derivative graph, the
second derivative graph and comparing them.
3. Sketching parametric curves (Eg. Strophoid, Cycloid, Epicycloids, Hypocycloid).
4. Obtaining surface of revolution of curves.
5. Tracing of conics in cartesian coordinates/polar coordinates.
6. Sketching ellipsoid, hyperboloid of one and two sheets, elliptic cone, elliptic,
paraboloid, hyperbolic paraboloid using cartesian coordinates.
7. Matrix Operation (Addition, Multiplication, Inverse, Transpose).
Books Recommended:-

Page 2 of 44
 1. Mathematics For Degree Students By P.K . Mittal ,S.Chand&Co.(For B.Sc. 1styear).
2. Advanced Analytical Geometry & Vector Analysis By B.K karbooks & Allied (P)
Ltd. Kolkatta (Chapter—2,4(4.5,4.7)
3. Topics In calculus By R.K Panda &P.K Satapathy,S.G Publication ,Puri(Chapter-
1,2,5)
4. Analytical solid geometry by Shantinaryana & P.K. Mittal ,S. Chand & co.
5. Text book of calculus,part-II by Shantinaryana & P.K. Mittal ,S. Chand & co. ,
chapters: 6,7,10(art 33-36)
6. Text book of calculus,part-III by Shantinaryana & P.K. Mittal ,S. Chand & co.
Chapters: 1(art 1,2), 3(art 7,8), 6(15 restricted) .
Books For Reference:-
1. M.J. Strauss, G.L. Bradley And K. J. Smith, Calculus, 3rd Ed., Dorling Kindersley
(India) P. Ltd. (Pearson Education), Delhi, 2007: Chapters:4(4.3,4.4,4.5 & 4.7), 9(9.4),
10(10.1-10.4).
2. H. Anton, I. Bivens And S. Davis, Calculus, 7th Ed., John Wiley And Sons (Asia) P.
Ltd., Singapore, 2002: Chapters: 6, (6.2-6.5),7(7.8), 8(8.2-8.3, Pages:532-538),
11(11.1), 13(13.5)
3. Analytical Geometry Of Quadratic Surfaces, B.P. Acharya And D.C. Sahu, Kalyani
Publishers, New Delhi, Ludhiana.
4. G.B. Thomas And R.L. Finney, Calculus, 9th Ed., Pearson Education, Delhi, 2005:
5. R. Courant And F. John, Introduction To Calculus And Analysis (Volumes I &Ii),
Springer-Verlag,New York, Inc., 1989

C-1.2: Algebra-I
Total Marks:100
Theory:80 Marks+Mid-Sem:20 Marks
5 Lectures, 1 Tutorial (Per Week Per Student)
Unit-I : Polar representation of Complex Numbers, n-th roots of Unity, De
Moivres theorem for rational indices and its applications.
Unit-II : Equivalence relations, functions, composition of functions, invertible
functions, one to one correspon-dence and cardinality of a set, well-
ordering property of positive integers, division algorithm, divisibility and
euclidean algorithm, congruence relation between integers, principles of
mathematical induction,statement of fundamental theorem of arithmetic.
Unit-III : Vector Spaces, Subspaces, Algebra of Subspaces, Quotient Spaces,
Linear Combination of Vectors, Linear Span, Linear Independence, Basis
and Dimension, Dimension of Subspaces.
Unit-IV : Linear Transformations, Null Space, Range, Rank and Nullity of a Linear

Page 3 of 44
 Transformation, Matrix Representation of a Linear Transformation,
Algebra of Linear Transformations. Isomorphism theorems, invertibility
and isomorphisms, change of coordinate matrix.

Books Recommended:-
1. Complex Analysis ,S.Armugan ,A.ThangapandiIssac,A.Somasundaram,SCITECH
Publication (India)Pvt. Ltd.Chennai .
2. Discrete Mathematics, R. K Bhist&H.SDhami Oxford University Press Kolkota
3. An introduction to linear algebra by V.Krishna Murthy ,V.P Mainra ,J.L Arora,
Affilitated east -west Press Pvt Ltd.( Chapters-3, 4(4.1- 4.7)
Books Reference:-
1. L.V. Ahlfors, Complex Analysis, Mcgraw-Hill(International Student Edn.)
2. TituAndreescu And DorinAndrica, Complex Numbers From A To Z, Birkhauser,
2006: Chapter:2
3. Edgar G. Goodaire And Michael M. Parmenter, Discrete Mathematics With Graph
Theory, 3rd Ed., Pearson Education (Singapore) P. Ltd., Indian Reprint, 2005:
Chapters:2(2.4), 3,4(4.1-4.1.6,4.2-4.2.11, 4.4(4.1-4.4.8),4.3-4.3.9, 5(5.1-5.1.4)
4. David C. Lay, Linear Algebra And Its Applications, 3rd Ed., Pearson Education Asia,
Indian Reprint, 2007: Chapters:1(1.1-1.9), 2(2.1-2.3, 2.8, 2.9), 5(5.1,5.2)

SEMESTER-II
C-2.1: Real Analysis (Analysis-I)
Total Marks:100
Theory:80 Marks+Mid-Sem:20 Marks
5 Lectures, 1 Tutorial (Per Week Per Student)

Unit-I : Field Structure and Order Structure, Bounded and unbounded sets,
supremum, infimum, completeness property of R, Archimedean Property
of Real numbers, Dedekind’s form of completeness property.
Unit-II : Neighbourhood of a point open sets, closed sets and countable sets, limit
point of a set, closed sets, closure of a set, countable and uncountable
sets, Blozanoweirstrass theorem for sets.
Unit-III : Real Sequence: Sequence, Limit Points of a sequence Limit inferior and
superior, convergent sequences, Non-convergent sequences (definition),
Algebra of sequences Cauchy’s general Principle of convergence. Some
important theorems of Sequences: Sandwich theorem, Cauchy’s first
theorem on limits Cesaro’s theorem, Monotonic Sequences,
Subsequences.

Unit-IV : Infinite Series: Positive term series, comparison Tests for positive Term

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 Series, Cauchy’s root test, D’ Alemberts Ratio Test, Raabe’s Test,
Logarithmic Test Integral Test, Gauss’s Test, Series with arbitrary terms,
Rearrangement of terms.

Book Recommended:-
1. Mathematical Analysis, S.C Malik &S.Arora .New Age Int.Pub .New Delhi, Chapter-
1(1.2 to 1.4), 2,3,4.)
Books For References:-
1. R.G. Bartle And D. R. Sherbert, Introduction To Real Analysis, 3rd Ed., John Wiley
And Sons(Asia) Pvt. Ltd., Singapore, 2002:
2. Gerald G. Bilodeau , Paul R. Thie, G.E. Keough, An Introduction To Analysis, 2nd
Ed., Jones & Bartlett, 2010:
3. Brian S. Thomson, Andrew. M. Bruckner And Judith B. Bruckner, Elementary Real
Analysis,Prentice Hall, 2001:
4. S.K. Berberian, A First Course In Real Analysis, Springer Verlag, New York, 1994:
5. D. SmasundaramAnd B. Choudhury-A First Course In Mathematical Analysis, Narosa
Publishing House.
6. S.L. Gupta AndNisha Rani-Real Analysis, Vikas Publishing House Pvt. Ltd., New
Delhi.
7. G. Das And S. Pattanayak, Fundamentals Of Mathematics Analysis, Tmh Pub-
LishingCo. ,Chapters: 2(2.1 To 2.4, 2.5 To 2.7), 3(3.1-3.5), 4(4.1 To 4.7,
4.10,4.11,4.12, 4.13).

C-2.2: Differential Equations

(Total Marks:100)
Part-I(Marks:75)
Theory:60 Marks+Mid-Sem:15 Marks
04 Lectures(Per Week Per Student)

Unit-I : Differential equations and mathematical models. First order and first
degree ordinary differential equations (variables separable,homogeneous,
exact, and linear). Equations of first order but of higher degree.
Applications of first order differential equations(growth, decay and
chemical reactions, heat flow, oxygen debt, economics).
Unit-II : Second order linear equations(Both homogeneous and Non-
homogeneous) with constant coeffcients, Second order equations with
variable coeffcients, Variation of Parameters, Method of Undetermined
Coeffcients, Equations Reducible To Linear Equations with Constant
Coeffcients, Euler's Equation. Applications of second Order Differential
Equations.
Unit-III : Power series solutions of second order differential equations.

Page 5 of 44
 Unit-IV : Laplace transforms and its applications to solutions of differential
equations.

Part-II(Practical: Marks:25)
List of Practicals (Using Any Software)
Practical/Lab Work To Be Performed On A Computer
Record =5 Marks ; Viva-Voce=5 Marks ; Experiment=15 Marks

1. Plotting of second order solution of family of differential equations.

2. Plotting of third order solution of family of differential equations.
3. Growth model (exponential case only).
4. Decay model (exponential case only).
5. Oxygen debt model.
6. Economic model.
7. Vibration problems.
Book Recommended:-
1. J. Sinha Roy And S. Padhy, A Course Of Ordinary And Partial Differential Equations,
Kalyani Publishers, New Delhi. Chapters: 1, 2(2.1 To 2.7), 3, 4(4.1 To4.7), 5, 7(7.1-
7.4), 9(9.1, 9.2, 9.3,9.4, 9.5, 9.10, 9.11, 9.13).
Books For References:-
1. Martin Braun, Differential Equations And Their Applications, Springer International.
2. M.D. Raisinghania-Advanced Differential Equations, S. Chand & Company
Ltd.,NewDelhi.
3. G. Dennis Zill-A First Course In Differential Equations With Modelling Applications,
Cengage Learning India Pvt. Ltd.
4. S.L. Ross, Differential Equations, John Wiley & Sons, India, 2004.

SEMESTER-III

C-3.1: Theory Of Real Functions (Analysis-II)

Total Marks:100
Theory:80 Marks+Mid-Sem:20 Marks
5 Lectures, 1 Tutorial (Per Week Per Student)

Unit-I : Limits of functions (  and  approach), sequential criterion for limits,

divergence criteria. Limit theorems,one sided limits. Infnite limits and
limits at infnity. Continuous functions.
Unit-II : Algebra of continuous functions and theorems related to discontinuity
and kinds of discontinuity. Continuous functions. Uniform continuity,
non-uniform continuity criteria, uniform continuity theorem.
Differentiability of a function at a point and in an interval, Caratheodorys

Page 6 of 44
 theorem, algebra of differentiable functions.
Unit-III : Relative extrema, interior extremum theorem. Rolles theorem, mean
value theorem, intermediate value property of derivatives, Darbouxs
theorem. Applications of mean value theorem. Taylors theorem to
inequalities.
Unit-IV : Cauchys Mean Value Theorem. Taylors Theorem with Lagranges Form
of Remainder, Taylors Theorem with Cauchys Form of Remainder,
Application of Taylors Theorem to Convex Functions, Relative Extrema.
Taylors Series andmaclaurins Series Expansions of Exponential and
Trigonometric Functions,
ln(1 + x),1/(ax + b) &(1 + x)n

Book Recommended:-
1. Mathematical Analysis (4TH Edn.)S.C Malik &S.Arora .New Age Int.Pub
.New Delhi Chapter-5,6,7,8.
2. Mathematics for Degree Students By P.K Mital ,Dr U.S Rana,S.Chand& Co
Books For References:-
1. G. Das And S. Pattanayak, Fundamentals Of Mathematics Analysis, Tmh Pub-Lishing
Co.,Chapters:6(6.1-6.8), 7(7.1-7.7), 9(9.7) only
2. R. Bartle And D.R. Sherbert, Introduction To Real Analysis, John Wiley And Sons,
2003.
3. K.A. Ross, Elementary Analysis: The Theory Of Calculus, Springer, 2004.
4. A. Mattuck, Introduction To Analysis, Prentice Hall, 1999.
5. S.R. GhorpadeAnd B.V. Limaye, A Course In Calculus And Real Analysis, Springer,
2006.

C-3.2: Group Theory(Algebra-II)

Total Marks:100
Theory:80 Marks+Mid-Sem:20 Marks
5 Lectures, 1 Tutorial (Per Week Per Student)

Unit-I : Symmetries of a square, dihedral groups, definition and examples of

groups including permutation groups and quaternion groups (illustration
through matrices), elementary properties of groups. Subgroups and
examples of subgroups, centralizer, normalizer, center of a group, product
of two subgroups.
Unit-II : Properties of Cyclic groups, Classification of Subgroups of Cyclic groups
of Group A, cycle notation properties of Permutations, Even and Odd
Permutations, Alternating Group of Degree n. Properties of cosets,
Lagrange’s Theorem and Consequences, including fermat’s little
theorem. An application of cosets to permutation groups.

Unit-III : External direct product of a finite number of groups, normal subgroups,

Page 7 of 44
 factor groups, cauchys theorem for finite abelian groups.
Unit-IV : Group Homomorphisms, Properties of Homomorphisms, Isomorphisms:
Definition and examples Cayleys Theorem, Properties of isomorphisms,
first, second and third Isomorphism theorems

Book Recommended:-
1. Joseph A. Gallian, Contemporary Abstract Algebra(4th Edn.), Narosa Publishing
House, New Delhi.
Chapters: I, II,III,IV,V,VI(up to Theorem 6.2 only), VII, VIII, IX, XC
Books For References:-
1. A Course In Abstract Algebra By V.K Khana& S.K Bhamri ,Vikash Pub. House New
Delhi.
2. John B. Fraleigh, A First Course In Abstract Algebra, 7th Ed., Pearson, 2002.
3. M. Artin, Abstract Algebra, 2nd Ed., Pearson, 2011.
4. Joseph J. Rotman, An Introduction To The Theory Of Groups, 4th Ed., Springer
Verlag, 1995.
5. I.N. Herstein, Topics In Algebra, Wiley Eastern Limited, India, 1975.

C-3.3:Partial Differential Equations And Systems Of Ordinary Differential Equations

(Total Marks:100)
Part-I(Marks:75)
Theory:60 Marks+Mid-Sem:15 Marks
04 Lectures(Per Week Per Student)

Unit-I : Systems of Linear Differential Equations, Types of Linear Systems,

Differential Operators, An Operator Method for Linear Systems With
Constant Coefficients, Basic Theory of Linear Systems In Normal Form,
Homogeneous Linear Systems with Constant Coeffcients(Two Equations
in Two Unknown Functions). Simultaneous Linear First Order Equations
in Three Variables, Methods of Solution, Pfaffian differential equations,
Methods of Solutions of Pfaffian Differential Equations in Three
Variables.
Unit-II : Formation of first order partial differential equations, linear and non-
linear partial differential equations of first order, special types of first-
order equations, solutions of partial differential equations of first order
satisfying given conditions.
Unit-III : Linear partial differential equations with constant coeffcients, equations
reducible to linear partial differential equations with constant coefficients,
partial differential equations with variable coefficients, separation of
variables, non-linear equation of the second order.
Unit-IV : Laplace equation, solution of laplace equation by separation of variables,
one dimensional wave equa-tion, solution of the wave equation(method
of separation of variables), diffusion equation, solution of one-
dimensional diffusion equation, method of separation of variables.

Page 8 of 44
 Part-II(Practical: Marks:25)
List of Practicals (Using Any Software)
Practical/Lab work to Be Performed on a Computer.
Record =5 Marks ; Viva-Voce=5 Marks ; Experiment=15 Marks

Book recommended:-
1. J.Sinha Roy and S. Padhy, A course on ordinary and Partial Differential Equations,
Kalyani Publishers, New Delhi, Ludhiana, 2012.
Chapters:8(8.1-8.3), 11, 12, 13(13.1-13.5), 15(15.1,15.5), 16(16.1, 16.1.1), 17(17.1, 17.2,
17.3).
Books for references:-
1. Tynmyint-u and Lokenath Debnath, linear partial deferential equations for scientists
and engineers, 4th edition, Springer, Indian Reprint, 2006.
2. S.L. Ross, Differential Equations, 3rd ed., John Wiley and Sons, India, 2004.

SEMESTER-IV

Page 9 of 44
 C-4.1: Numerical Methods
(Total Marks:100)
Part-I(Marks:75)
Theory:60 Marks+Mid-Sem:15 Marks
04 Lectures(Per Week Per Student)

Unit-I : Algorithms, convergence, errors: relative, absolute, round off, truncation.

Transcendental and polynomial equations: bisection method, newtons
method, secant method. Rate of convergence of these methods.
Unit-II : System of linear algebraic equations: gaussian elimination and gauss
jordan methods. Gauss Jacobimethod, gauss seidel method and their
convergence analysis.
Unit-III : Interpolation: Lagrange and Newtons Methods. Error Bounds. Finite
Difference Operators. Gregory Forward And Backward Difference
Interpolation.
Unit-IV : Numerical Integration: Trapezoidal Rule, Simpsons Rule, Simpsons 3/8th
Rule, Booles Rule. Midpoint Rule, Composite Trapezoidal Rule,
Composite Simpsons Rule. Ordinary Differential Equations: Eulers
Method. Runge-Kutta Methods Of Orders Two, Three and Four.

Part-II(Practical: Marks:25)
List of Practicals (Using Any Software)
Practical/Lab Work To Be Performed On A Computer.
Record =5 Marks ; Viva-Voce=5 Marks ; Experiment=15 Marks

1. Calculate The Sum

2. To Find The Absolute Value Of An Integer.

3. Enter 100 Integers Into An Array And Sort Them In An Ascending Order.
4. Bisection Method.
5. Newton Raphson Method.
6. Secant Method.
7. RegulaiFalsi Method.
8. LU Decomposition Method.
9. Gauss-Jacobi Method.
10. Sor Method Or Gauss-Siedel Method.
11. Lagrange Interpolation Or Newton Interpolation.

Page 10 of 44
12. Simpsons Rule.
Note: For Any Of The CAS (Computer Aided Software) Data Types-Simple Data Types,
floating Data Types,Character Data Types, Arithmetic Operators And Operator Precedence,
Variables And Constant Declarations,Expressions, Input/Output, Relational Operators,
Logical Operators And Logical Expressions, Control Statements And Loop Statements,
Arrays Should Be Introduced To The Students.
Book Recommended:-
B.P. Acharya And R.N. Das, A Course On Numerical Analysis, Kalyani Publishers, New
Delhi,Ludhiana.
Chapters:
1. 2(2.1-2.4,2.6,2.8,2.9),3(3.1-3.4,3.6,3.11), 4(4.1, 4.2), 5(5.1, 5.2, 5.3), 6(6.1, 6.2, 6.3, 6.10,
6.11), 7(7.1-7.5 & 7.7).
2. Brian Bradie, A Friendly Introduction To Numerical Analysis, Pearson Education, India,
2007.
Books For References:-
1. M.K. Jain, S.R.K. IyengarAnd R.K. Jain, Numerical Methods For Scientific And
Engineering Computation, 6th Ed., New Age International Publisher, India, 2007.
2. C.F. Gerald And P.O. Wheatley, Applied Numerical Analysis, Pearson Education, India,
2008.
3. Uri M. AscherAnd Chen Greif, A First Course In Numerical Methods, 7th Ed., Phi
Learning Private Limited, 2013.
4. John H. Mathews And Kurtis D. Fink, Numerical Methods Using Matlab, 4th Ed., Phi
Learning Private Limited, 2012.
Chapters: 1, 2(2.1 To 2.4, 2.6, 2.8, 2.9), 3(3.1 To 3.4, 3.6 To 3.8

C-4.2: Riemann Integration and Series of Functions (Analysis-III)

Total Marks:100
Theory:80 Marks+Mid-Sem:20 Marks
5 Lectures, 1 Tutorial (Per Week Per Student)

Unit-I : Riemann Integration; Definitions and existence of the integral

Inequalities of Upper and Lower Sums; Riemann Conditions of
Integrability. Riemann Sum and Definition of Riemann Integral Through
Riemann Sums; Equivalence of Two Definitions; Riemann Integrability
of Monotone and Continuous Functions, Properties of the Riemann
Integral; Definition and Integrability of Piecewise Continuous and
Monotone Functions.I ntermediate Value Theorem for Integrals;
Fundamental Theorems of Calculus.
Unit-II : Improper Integrals; Convergence of Beta And Gamma Functions.
Unit-III : Pointwise and uniform convergence of sequence of functions. Theorems

Page 11 of 44
 on continuity, derivability and integrability of the limit function of a
sequence of functions. Series of functions; theorems on the continuity and
derivability of the sum function of a series of functions; cauchy criterion
for uniform convergence and weierstrass m-test.
Unit-IV : Limit Superior and Limit Inferior. Power Series, Radius of Convergence,
Cauchy Hadamard theorem,Differentiation and Integration of Power
Series; Abels theorem; Weierstrass Approximation Theorem.

Book Recommended:-
1.S.CMallik&S.Arora ,Mathematical Anyalysis ,New Age Pub. House New Delhi .
Chapters: 9,10,11(3.3,4.3) 12(12.1 to 12.4), 13 Appendix-I.
Books For References:-
1. K.A. Ross, Elementary Analysis, The Theory of Calculus, Undergraduate Texts in
Mathematics, Springer (Sie), Indian Reprint, 2004.
2. R.G. Bartle D.R. Sherbert, Introduction To Real Analysis, 3rd Ed., John Wiley And Sons
(Asia) Pvt. Ltd., Singapore, 2002.
3. Charles G. Denlinger, Elements of Real Analysis, Jones & Bartlett (Student Edition), 2011.
4. Shanti Narayan And M.D. Raisinghania-Elements Of Real Analysis, S. Chand & Co. Pvt.
Ltd.
5.G.Das&S.Pattanayak ,Fundamental Of Mathematics Anyalysis, TMH Publishing & Co-8,9

C-4.3: Ring Theory And Linear Algebra-I

Total Marks:100
Theory:80 Marks+Mid-Sem:20 Marks
5 Lectures, 1 Tutorial (Per Week Per Student)

Unit-I : Definition and examples of rings, properties of rings, subrings, integral

domains and fields, characteristic of a ring. Ideal, ideal generated by a
subset of a ring, factor rings, operations on ideals, prime and maximal
ideals.
Unit-II : Ring homomorphisms, properties of ring homomorphisms, isomorphism
theorems i, ii and iii, field of quotients.
Unit-III : Systems of linear equations, row reduction and echelon forms, vector
equations, the matrix equation ax = b; solution sets of linear systems,
applications of linear systems, linear independence.

Unit-IV : Introduction to linear transformations, matrix of a linear transformation,

inverse of a matrix, character-izations of invertible matrices. Subspaces
of rn, dimension of subspaces of Rn. Rank of a Matrix, Eigen Values,
Eigen Vectors and Characteristic Equation of a Matrix.

Page 12 of 44
Book Recommended:-
1. Joseph A. Gallian, Contemporary Abstract Algebra(4th Edn.), Narosa Publishing House,
New Delhi. Chapters:12, 13, 14, 15.
2. Stephen H. Friedberg, Arnold J. Insel, Lawrence E. Spence, Linear Algebra, 4th Ed.,
Prentice-Hall Of India Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi, 2004. Chapters: 1 (1.2-1.6), 2(2.1-2.5).
3.A Course In Abstract Algebra V.K Khana,&S.K Bhamri ,Vikash Pub. New Delhi.
Books For References:-
1. John B. Fraleigh, A First Course In Abstract Algebra, 7th Ed., Pearson, 2002.
2. M. Artin, Abstract Algebra, 2nd Ed., Pearson, 2011.
3. S. Lang, Introduction To Linear Algebra, 2nd Ed., Springer, 2005.
4. Gilbert Strang, Linear Algebra And Its Applications, Cengage Learning India Pvt. Ltd.
5. S. Kumaresan, Linear Algebra- A Geometric Approach, Prentice Hall Of India,1999.
6. Kenneth Hofman, Ray Alden Kunze, Linear Algebra, 2nd Ed., Prentice-Hall Of India Pvt.
Ltd.,1971.
7. I.N. Herstein-Topics In Algebra, Wiley Eastern Pvt. Ltd.
SEMESTER-V
C-5.1: Multivariate Calculus (Calculus-II)
Total Marks:100
Theory:80 Marks+Mid-Sem:20 Marks
5 Lectures, 1 Tutorial (Per Week Per Student)
Unit-I : Functions of Several Variables, Limit and Continuity of Functions of
Two Variables, Partial Differentiation, Approximation and
Differentiability, Chain rule for one and two independent parameters
Unit-II : Directional derivatives and gradient, maximal property of the gradient,
normal property of the gradient, tangent planes and the normal lines,
extrema of functions of two variables, method of Lagrange multipliers,
constrained optimization problems, a geometrical interpretation.
Unit-III : Double integration over rectangular region and over non-rectangular
region, double integrals in polar co-ordinates, triple integrals, triple
integrals over a parallelepiped and solid regions, volume by triple
integrals, cylindrical and spherical co-ordinates, change of variable in
double integrals and triple integrals.
Unit-IV : Definition of vector field, divergence and curl, line integrals, applications
of line integrals. Mas and work, Fundamental theorem and path
independence of line integrals. Green’s theorem, Area as a line integral,
Alternative forms of green’s theorem, Normal derivatives, surface
integrals, Integrals over parametrically defined surfaces, stokes theorem
the divergence theorem.

Page 13 of 44
Books Recommended:-
1. M.J.Strauss, G.L.Bradley and K.J. Smith, Calculus 3rd Ed. Dorling Kindersley(India)
Pvt. Ltd. (Pearson Education), Delhi, 2007, (Chapters: 11(11.1,11.2,1.6,11.7(Pages
598-605), 11.8(Page 610-614), 12(12.1, 12.3, 12.4(Pages 652-660), 12.5, 12.6),
13(13.1-13.3, 13.4 (Pages 712-716, 718-720), 13.5(pages 723-726, 729-730),
13.6(Pages 733-737), 13.7(Pages 742-745).
2. Mathematical Analysis By S.C Malik &S.Arora (Chapter-15,17,18).
3. Topics In CalculuS By R.K Panda & P.K Satapathy ,S.G Publication ,Puri
Books For Reference:-
1. G.B. Thomas And R.L. Finney, Calculus, 9th Ed., Pearson Education, Delhi, 2005.
2. E. Marsden, A.J. TrombaAnd A. Weinstein, Basic Multivariable Calculus, Springer (Sie),
IndianReprint, 2005.
3. Santosh K. Sengar-Advanced Calculus, Cengage Learning India Pvt. Ltd.

C-5.2: Probability And Statistics

Total Marks:100
Theory:80 Marks+Mid-Sem:20 Marks
5 Lectures, 1 Tutorial (Per Week Per Student)

Unit-I : Sample Space, Probability axioms, Independent events, conditional

probability and Bayes’ theorem, Real random variables(discrete and
continuous), Cumulative distribution function, Expectation of random
variables, some special expectations.

Unit-II : Multivariate distributions, Joint cumulative distribution functions, Joint

Probability distributions, Marginal and conditional distributions, some
probability distributions(Discrete case), uniform distribution, binomial
distribution, negative binomial and geometric distributions poisson
distribution.

Unit-III : Some probability distributions(Continuous case), uniform, Gamma,

Exponential, Beta Distributions, Normal distributions, Normal
approximation to the Binomial distributions Bivariate normal distribution.

Unit-IV : Distribution of two random variables, expectation of function of two

random variables, moment generating functions, conditional distributions
and expectations, correlation coefficient, co-variance independent random
variables, linea regression of two variables. Limit theorems, Markov’s
inequality, chebyshevs inequality.

Page 14 of 44
Books Recommended:-
1. Irwin Miller and Marylees Miller, John E. Freund, Mathematical Statistics with
Applications, 7th Ed., Pearson Education, Asia, 2006. Chapters: 2(excluding Art
9),3(Excluding Art 8), 4, 5(5.1,5.2,5.4,5.5,5.7), 6(6.1-6.7), 14(14.1,14.2)
2. Sheldon Ross, Introduction to Probability Models, 9th Ed., Academic Press, Indian Reprint,
2007 Chapters:8(8.1-8.4(upto page 428)), 9(9.1,9.2).

Books For References:-

1. Alexander M. Mood, Franklin A. Graybill And Duane C. Boes, Introduction to the Theory
of Statistics, 3rd Ed., Tata Mcgraw- Hill, Reprint 2007.
2. S.C. Gupta And V.K. Kapoor-Fundamentals of Mathematical Statistics, S. Chand and
Company Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi.
3. S. Ross-A First Course In Probability, Pearson Education.
4. Robert V. Hogg, Joseph W. Mckean and Allen T. Craig, Introduction to Mathematical
Statistics, Pearson Education, Asia, 2007. Chapters: 1(1.1, 1.3. 1.5-1.9), 2(2.1, 2.3-2.5).

SEMESTER-VI
C-6.1: Metric Spaces and Complex Analysis (Analysis-Iv)
Total Marks: 100
Theory: 80 Marks+Mid-Sem: 20 Marks
5 Lectures, 1 Tutorial (Per Week per Student)

Unit-I : Metric Spaces: Definition and examples, open and closed spheres,
neighborhoods, Interior points, open set, closed set, boundary points,
limit points and isolated points, closure of a set, dense sets, separable
metric spaces, sequences in metric space, convergent sequences, cauchy
sequences, complete metric space, distance between sets and diameter of
a set, subspaces, cantor’s theorem. Continuous functions, definition and
characterizations, sequential criterion and other characterizations of
continuity, uniform continuity, homeomorphism, connectedness,
connected subsets of separated sets, disconnected sets, contraction
mappings, Banach fixed point theorem.
Unit-II : Properties of Complex Numbers, regions in the complex plane, functions
of complex variable, mappings. limit and continuity of complex functions
derivatives, differentiation formulas, cauchy-riemann equations,
sufficient conditions for differentiability, polar co-ordinates.
Unit-III : Analytic functions, examples of analytic functions, exponential function,
logarithmic function, trigonometric function, derivatives of these
functions, definite integrals of functions. Contours, contour integrals and
its examples, upper bounds for moduli of contour integrals theorem on

Page 15 of 44
 anti derivatives. Cauchy- goursat theorem (statement only), cauchy
integral formula.
Unit-IV : Liouvilles Theorem and the fundamental theorem of algebra.
Convergence of sequences and series, taylor series and its examples.
Laurent series(without proof) and its examples, absolute and uniform
convergence of power series.

Books Recommended:-
1. P.K. Jain and K. Ahmad, Metric Spaces, Narosa Publishing House, New Delhi. Chapters:
2(1-9,
12), 3(1-4), 4(1-4), 6(1-2, 4), 7(1 Only).
2. Mathematics For Degree Students By P.K . Mittal ,S.Chand& Co .
3.Complex Analysis ,S.Armugan ,A.ThangapandiIssac,A.Somasundaram,SCITECH
Publication (India)Pvt. Ltd.Chennai .(Chapter-2,6,7).

Books For References:-

1. Mathematical Analysis by S.C Malik &S.Arora (Chapter-19).
2. James Ward Brown and Ruel V. Churchill, Complex Variables And Applications, 8th Ed.,
Mcgraw Hill International Edition, 2009. Chapters: 1(11 Only), 2(12,13), 2(15-22, 24, 25),
3(29, 30, 34) 4(37-41, 43-46, 50-53), 5(55-60, 62,63,66).
3. S. Ponnusamy-Foundations Of Complex Analysis, Alpha Science International Ltd.
4. J.B. Conway-Functions Of One Complex Variable, Springer.
5. N. Das- Complex Function Theory, Allied Publishers Pvt. Ltd., Mumbai.

C-6.2: Linear Programming

Total Marks: 100
Theory: 80 Marks+Mid-Sem: 20 Marks
5 Lectures, 1 Tutorial (Per Week per Student)

Unit-I : Introduction to linear programming problems(LPP), Mathematical

formulation of the LPP with illustrations, Graphical method, general
Linear programming problems, canonical and standard form of LPP.
Theory of simplex method, optimality and unboundedness, the simplex
algorithm, simplex method in tableau format, introduction to artificial
variables, two – phase method, big-M method and their comparisons.
Unit-II : Duality in LPP: Introduction, General Primal-Dual Pair, Formulation of
the Dual Problem, Primal Dual relationship duality theorems,
complementary slackness theorem, duality and simplex method,
Economic interpretation of the duality.

Page 16 of 44
 Unit-III : Transportation Problem(TP): LP formulation of TP, Existence of solution
and duality in TP. Solution of transportation problems, North-West
corner method, Least-cost method and Vogel approximation method for
determination of strategy basic solution, algorithm of solving
transportation problem, assignment problem and its mathematical
formulation. Solution methods of assignment problem, special cases in
assignment problems.
Unit-IV : Games and strategie4s: Introduction, Formulation of two person zero sum
games, solving two person zero sum games, maximin-minimax principle,
Games without saddle points, games with mixed strategies, Graphical
solution procedure to (2xn) and (mx2) games.

Books Recommended:-
1. KantiSwarup, P.K. Gupta and Man Mohan-Operations Research, S. Chand and Co.
Pvt. Ltd. (chapters: 2, 3, 4, 5(5.1-5.8), 10(10.1-10.10), 11(11.1-11.4), 17(17.1-17.6)
Books For Reference:-
1. G. Hadley, Linear Programming, Narosa Publishing House, New Delhi, 2002.
2. N.V.R. Naidu, G. Rajendra and T. Krishna Rao-Operations Research, I.K.
International Publishing House Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi, Bangalore.
3. P.K. Gupta and D.S. Hira-Operations Research, S. Chand And Company Pvt. Ltd.,
New Delhi.
4. R. Veerachamy and V. Ravi Kumar-Operations Research- I.K. International
Publishing House Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi, Bangalore.
5. Mokhtar S. Bazaraa, John J. Jarvis and Hanif D. Sherali, Linear Programming and
Network Flows,2nd Ed., John Wiley and Sons, India, 2004. Chapters:3(3.2-3.3, 3.5-
3.8), 4(4.1-4.4), 6(6.1-6.3).
6. F.S. Hillier and G.J. Lieberman, Introduction to Operations Research, 9th Ed., Tata
Mcgraw Hill, Singapore, 2009. Chapter: 14
7. Hamdy A. Taha, Operations Research, An Introduction, 8th Ed., Prenticehall India,
2006. Chapter:5(5.1, 5.3, 5.4).
8. G. Hadley, Linear Programming, Narosa Publishing House, New Delhi, 2002

Page 17 of 44
 Discipline Specific Electives(DSE)
SEMESTER-V
DSE-1
Programming In C++ (Compulsory)
Part-I(Marks:75)
(Theory:60 Marks+Mid-Sem:15 Marks)
Unit-I : Introduction To Structured Programming: Data Types- Simple Data
Types, Oating Data Types, Character Data Types, String Data Types.
Unit-II : Arithmetic Operators and Operators Precedence, Variables and Constant
Declarations, Expressions, Input Using The Extraction Operator >>and
Cin, Output Using The Insertion Operator << and Cout.
Unit-III : Preprocessor Directives, Increment(++) And Decrement({) Operations,
CreatingA C++ Program, Input/ Output, Relational Operators, Logical
Operators and Logical Expressions.
Unit-IV : If And If-Else Statement, Switch and Break Statements. for, While and
Do-While Loops and Continue Statement, Nested Control Statement,
Value Returning Functions, Value Versus Reference Parameters, Local
and Global Variables, One Dimensional Array, Two Dimensional Array,
Pointer Data and Pointer Variables.

Book Recommended:-
1. D. S. Malik: C++ Programming Language, Edition-2009, Course Technology, Cengage
Learning,India Edition. Chapters: 2(Pages:37-95), 3(Pages:96-129), 4(Pages:134-178),
5(Pages:181-236),6, 7(Pages:287-304), 9 (Pages: 357-390), 14(Pages:594-600).
Books For References:-
1. E. Balaguruswami: Object Oriented Programming with C++, _Fth Edition, Tata Mcgraw
HillEducation Pvt. Ltd.
2. R. JohnsonbaughAnd M. Kalin-Applications Programming In Ansi C, Pearson Education.
3. S. B. LippmanAnd J. Lajoie, C++ Primer, 3rd Ed., Addison Wesley, 2000.
4. BjarneStroustrup , The C++ Programming Language, 3rd Ed., AddisonWelsley.

Page 18 of 44
 Part-II(Practical, Marks:25)
List OfPracticals (Using Any Software)
Practical/Lab Work To Be Performed On A Computer.
Record =5 Marks; Viva-Voce=5 Marks ; Experiment=15 Marks

1. Calculate the Sum of the series :- for any Positive Integer N:

2. Write a user Defined Function to find the Absolute Value of an Integer and use it to
Evaluate the Function(�1)N=Jnj; For N = �2;�1; 0; 1; 2:
3. Calculate the Factorial of any Natural Number.
4. Read Oating Numbers and Compute two Averages: The Average of Negative
Numbers and the Average of Positive Numbers.
5. Write a program that prompts the user to input a positive integer. it should then output
a message Indicating whether the number is a Prime Number.
6. Write a Program that Prompts the user to input the Value of A; B and C involved in
the equation ax2+ bx+ c= 0 and outputs the type of the Roots of the equation. Also the
Program should outputs all the Roots of the Equation.
7. Write a Program that Generates Random Integer Between 0 and 99: given that first
Two Fibonacci Numbers are 0 and 1; Generate all Fibonacci Numbers Less than or
equal to Generated Number.
8. Write a Program that does the Following:
A. Prompts the user to input +Ve Decimal Numbers.
B. Prints the +Ve Decimal Numbers.
C. Converts each Decimal Number to the Nearest Integer.
D. Adds these +Ve Integers.
E. Prints the sum and average of them.
9. Write a Program that uses Whileloops to perform the following steps:
A. Prompt the user to input Two Integers : First Num and Second Num (first Num
Shoul be Less than Second Num).
B. Output all Odd and Even Numbers Between First Num and Second Num.
C. Output the Sum of all Even Numbers Between first Num and Second Num.
D. Output the Sum of the Square of the Odd Numbers Firs Num and Second Num.

Page 19 of 44
 E. Output all Uppercase Letters Corresponding to the Numbers Between First Num
and Second Num, If any.
10. Write a Program That Prompts The User To Input _Ve Decimal Numbers. The
Program Should Then Add The +Ve Decimal Numbers, Convert The Sum To The
Nearest Integer, And Print The Result.
11. Write A Program That Prompts The User To Enter The Lengths Of Three Sides Of A
Triangle And Then Outputs A Message Indicating Whether The Triangle Is A Right
Triangleor A Scalene Triangle.
12. Write A Value Returning Function Smaller To Determine The Smallest Number From
A Set Of Numbers.
Use This Function To Determine The Smallest Number From A Set Of 10 Numbers.
13. Write A Function That Takes As A Parameter An Integer (As A Long Value) And
Returns The Number Of Odd, Even, And Zero Digits. Also Write A Program To Test
Your Function.
14. Enter 100 Integers Into An Array And Short Them In An Ascending/ Descending
Order And Print The Largest/ Smallest Integers.
15. Enter 10 Integers Into An Array And Then Search For A Particular Integer In The
Array.
16. Multiplication/ Addition of Two Matrices Using Two Dimensional Arrays.
17. Using Arrays, Read The Vectors of The Following Type: A = (12345678);B=
(02340156) And Compute The Product And Addition Of These Vectors.
18. Read From A Text file And Write To A Text file.
19. Write A Function, Reverse Digit, That Takes An Integer As A Parameter And Returns
The Number With Its Digits Reversed. For Example, The Value of Function Reverse
Digit12345 Is 54321 and the Value of Reverse Digit �532 is �235:

Page 20 of 44
 DSE-II
Total Marks: 100
Theory: 80 Marks+Mid-Sem:20 Marks
5 Lectures, 1 Tutorial (Per Week per Student.
(Any One of the Following)
1-Discrete Mathematics

Unit-I : Logic, Proportional Equivalence, Predicates and Quantifiers, Nested

Quantifiers, Methods of Proof, Relations and their Properties, n-Ary
Relations and their Applications, Boolean Functions and their
Representation. The Basic Counting, the Pigeon-Hole Principle,
Generalized Permutations and Combinations.
Unit-II : Recurrence Relations, Counting Using Recurrence Relations, Solving
Linear Homogeneous Recurrence Relations with Constant Coefficients,
Generating Functions, Solving Recurrence Relations using Generating
Functions.
Unit-III : Partially Ordered Sets, Hasse Diagram of Partially Ordered sets, maps
between ordered sets, Duality Principle, Lattices as Ordered Sets, Lattices
as Algebraic Structures, Sub lattices, Boolean Algebra and Its Properties.
Unit-IV : Graphs: Basic Concepts and Graph Terminology, Representing Graphs
and Graph Isomorphism. Distance in a Graph, Cut-Vertices and Cut-
Edges, Connectivity, Euler and Hamiltonian Path

Book Recommended:-
1. Kenneth H. Rosen, Discrete Mathematics and Applications, Tata Mcgraw Hill
Publications, Chapters: 1(1.1 To 1.5), 4(4.1, 4.2, 4.5), 5(5.1,5.2,5.5), 6(6.1, 6.2, 6.4,
6.5, 6.6), 7(7.1, 7.2), 8, 10(10.1,10.2).
2. Discrete Mathematics, R. K Bhist & H. S Dhami Oxford University Press Kolkota
Books For References:-
1. B A. Davey and H. A. Priestley, Introduction to Lattices and Order, Cambridge
University Press, Cambridge, 1990.
2. Edgar G. GoodaireAnd Michael M. Parmenter, Discrete Mathematics with Graph
Theory (2ndEdition), Pearson Education (Singapore) Pte. Ltd., Indian Reprint 2003.
3. Rudolf Lidl and GnterPilz, Applied Abstract Algebra (2nd Edition), Undergraduate
Texts in Mathematics, Springer (Sie), Indian Reprint, 2004.
4. D.S. Malik-Discrete Mathematics: Theory & Applications, Cengage Learning India
Pvt. Ltd.
5. Kevin Ferland-Discrete Mathematical Structures, Cengage Learning India Pvt. Ltd.

Page 21 of 44
 2. Mathematical Modelling
Unit-I : Simple Situations Requiring Mathematical Modeling. The Technique of
Mathematical Modeling, Mathematical Modeling Through Differential
Equations, Linear Growth and Decay Models, Non-Linear Growth and
Decay Models, Compartment Models, Mathematical Modeling of
Geometrical Problems Through Ordinary Differential Equations of first
Order.
Unit-II : Mathematical Modeling In Population Dynamics, Mathematical
Modeling of Epidemics Through Systems of Ordinary Differential
Equations of first Order, Compartment Models through Systems of
Ordinary Differential Equations, Mathematical Modeling In Economics
Through Systems of Ordinary Differential Equations of first Order.
Unit-III : Mathematical Models In Medicine, Arms Race, Battles And International
Trade In Terms of Systems of Ordinary Differential Equations.
Mathematical Modeling of Planetary Motions, Mathematical Modeling of
Circular Motion and Motion of Satellites. Mathematical Modeling
through linear differential equations of second order.
Unit-IV : Situation Giving Rise to Partial Differential Equations Models, Mass
Balance Equations: First Method of Getting PDE Models, Momentum
Balance Equations. The Second Method of Obtaining Partial Differential
Models, Variational Principles. Third Function, Fourth Method of
Obtaining Partial Differential Equation Models, Models for Tracing of a
Highway. Situation That can be Modeled through Graphs, Mathematical
Models in terms of directed Graphs, Optimization Principles and
Techniques, Mathematical Modeling through Calculus of Variations.

Books Recommended:-
1. J.N. Kapur-Mathematical Modeling, Chapters: 1(1.1 And 1.2), 2(2.1 To 2.4, 2.6), 3(3.1 To
3.6),4(4.1 To 4.3), 6(6.1 To 6.6), 7(7.1 To 7.2), 9(9.1 And 9.2).
3-Number Theory

Unit-I : Divisibity Theorem in Integers, Primes and their Distributions,

Fundamental Theorem of Arithmetic, Greatest Common Divisor,
Euclidean Algorithms, Modular Arithmetic, Linear Diophantine
Equation. Prime Counting Function, Statement of Prime Number
theorem, Gold bach Conjecture.
Unit-II : Introduction to Congruence, Linear Congruence. Chinese Remainder
Theorem, Polynomial Congruence, System of Linear Congruence,
complete set of Residues, Chinese Remainder Theorem, Fermat’s Little
Theorem, Wilsons Theorem.
Unit-III : Number Theoretic Functions, Sum and Number of Divisors, Totally
Multiplicative Functions, Definition and Properties of the Dirichlet
Product, the Mobius Inversion Formula, the Greatest Integer Function,

Page 22 of 44
 Euler’s Phi function, Euler’s Theorem, Reduced Set of Residues, Some
Properties of Eulers Phi-Function.
Unit-IV : Order of an Integer Modulo N, Primitive Roots For Primes, Composite
Numbers Having Primitive Roots, Euler’s Criterion, The Legendre
Symbol and its Properties, Quadratic Reciprocity, Quadratic Congruence
with Composite Moduli.

Book Recommended:-
1. D.M. Burton-Elementary Number Theory, Mcgraw Hill, Chapters: 2(2.1 To 2.4),
3(3.1 To 3.3),4(4.1 To 4.4), 5(5.1 To 5.4), 6(6.1 To 6.3), 7(7.1 To 7.3), 8(8.1 To 8.2),
9(9.1 To 9.3).
2. Basic Number Theory by S.B Malik, Vikash Pub. House (P) New Delhi
Books For References:-
1. K.H. Rosen-Elementary Number Theory & its Applications, Pearson Addition
Wesley.
2. I. NivenAnd H.S. Zuckerman-An Introduction to Theory of Numbers, Wiley Eastern
Pvt. Ltd.
3. Tom M. Apostol-Introduction to Analytic Number Theory, Springer International
Student Edn.
4. Neville Robinns, Beginning Number Theory (2nd Edition), Narosa Publishing House
Pvt. Limited, Delhi, 2007.

SEMESTER-VI

DSE-III
Total Marks:100
Theory: 80 Marks+Mid-Sem: 20 Marks
5 Lectures, 1 Tutorial (Per Week per Student.
(Any One of the Following)
1-Differential Geometry

Unit-I : Theory of space curves: Space curves, planer curves, curvature, torsion
and serret frenet formulae. Osculating circles, osculating circles and
spheres. Existence of space curves.
Unit-II : Osculating circles, osculating circles and spheres. Existence of space
curves. Evolutes and involutes of curves.

Page 23 of 44
 Unit-III : Developable: Developable associated with space curves and curve
surfaces, minimal surfaces.

Unit-IV : Theory of Surfaces: Parametric Curves on Surfaces. Direction

Coefficients. First and Second Fundamental Forms. Principal and
Gaussian Curvatures. Lines of Curvature, Euler’s Theorem. Rodrigues
Formula, Conjugate and Asymptotic Lines.

Book Recommended:-
1. C.E. Weatherburn, Differential Geometry of Three Dimensions, Cambridge University
Press 2003.Chapters:1(1-4, 7,8,10),2(13, 14, 16, 17), 3,4(29-31, 35, 37,38).
2. B.P. Acharya and R.N. Das-Fundamentals of Diferential Geometry, Kalyani
Publishers, Ludhiana, New Delhi.
3. A Text Book of Vector Calculus by Shantinaryan , S.Chand&Co. New Delhi.
Books For References:-
1. T.J. Willmore, An Introduction to Differential Geometry, Dover Publications, 2012.
2. S. Lang, Fundamentals of Deferential Geometry, Springer, 1999.
3. B. O'neill, Elementary Deferential Geometry, 2nd Ed., Academic Press, 2006.
4. A.N. Pressley-Elementary Differential Geometry, Springer.
2-Mechanics
Unit-I : Moment of a Force about a Point and an Axis, Couple and Couple
Moment, Moment of a Couple about a Line, Resultant of a Force System,
Distributed Force System, Free Body Diagram, Free Body Involving
Interior Sections, General Equations of Equilibrium, Two Point
Equivalent Loading, Problems Arising from Structures, Static
Indeterminacy.
Unit-II : Laws of Coulomb Friction, Application to Simple and Complex Surface
Contact Friction Problems, Trans Mission of Power Through Belts,
Screw Jack, Wedge, first Moment of an area and The Centroid, other
Centers, Theorem of Pappus-Guldinus, Second Moments and the Product
of area of a Plane Area, Trans Fer Theorems, Relation Between Second
Moments and Products of area, Polar Moment of area, Principal Axes.
Unit-III : Conservative Force field, Conservation For Mechanical Energy, Work
Energy Equation, Kinetic Energy and Work Kinetic Energy Expression
Based on Center of Mass. Moment of Momentum Equation For a Single
Particle and a System of Particles.
Unit-IV : Translation And Rotation of Rigid Bodies. Chasles theorem, general
relationship between time derivatives of a vector for different references,
relationship between velocities of a particle for different references,
acceleration of particle for different references.

Page 24 of 44
Book Recommended:-
1. I.H. Shames and G. Krishna Mohan Rao, Engineering Mechanics: Statics and
Dynamics, (4thEd.), Dorling Kindersley (India) Pvt. Ltd. (Pearson Education), Delhi,
2009. Chapters:3, 4, 5,6(6.1-6.7), 7, 11, 12(12.5, 12.6), 13.
Books For References:-
1. R.C. Hibbeler and Ashok Gupta, Engineering Mechanics: Statics and Dynamics, 11th
Ed., Dorling Kindersley (India) Pvt. Ltd. (Pearson Education), Delhi.
2. Grant R Fowles, Analytical Mechanics, Cengage Learning India Pvt. Ltd.

3-Ring Theory and Linear Algebra-II

Unit-I : Polynomial Rings Over Commutative Rings, Division Algorithm And
Consequences, Principal Ideal Domains,Factorization Of Polynomials,
Reducibility Tests, Irreducibility Tests, Eisenstein Criterion, Unique
factorization in Z[X].
Unit-II : Divisibility In Integral Domains, Irreducibles, Primes, Unique
Factorization Domains, Euclidean Domains.
Unit-III : dual spaces, dual basis, double dual, transpose of a linear transformation
and its matrix in the dual basis, annihilators, eigenspaces of a linear
operator, diagonalizability, invariant subspaces and Cayley Hamilton
theorem, the minimal polynomial for a linear operator.
Unit-IV : Inner product spaces and norms, gram-schmidt orthogonalisation process,
orthogonal complements,bessels inequality. The adjoint of a linear
operator, least squares approximation, minimal solutions tosystems of
linear equations, normal and self-adjoint operators, orthogonal
projections and spectraltheorem.

Books Recommended:-
1. Joseph A. Gallian, Contemporary Abstract Algebra (4th Ed.), Narosa Publishing
House, 1999.Chapters: 16, 17, 18.
2. Stephen H. Friedberg, Arnold J. Insel, Lawrence E. Spence, Linear Algebra (4th
Edition), PrenticeHallOf India Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi, 2004. Chapters: 2(2.6 Only),
5(5.1, 5.2, 5.4), 6(6.1, 6.4, 6.6),7(7.3 Only).
Books For References:-
(For Linear Algebra)
1. S Lang, Introduction To Linear Algebra (2nd Edition), Springer, 2005
2. Gilbert Strang, Linear Algebra And Its Applications, Thomson, 2007
3. S. Kumaresan, Linear Algebra- A Geometric Approach, Prentice Hall Of India, 1999.

Page 25 of 44
 4. Kenneth Ho_Man, Ray Alden Kunze, Linear Algebra 2nd Ed., Prentice-Hall Of India
Pvt.Limited, 1971.
(For Ring Theory )
1. John B.Fraleigh, A _Rst Course In Abstract Algebra, 7th Edition, Pearson Education
India, 2003.
2. Herstein, Topics In Algebra (2nd Edition), John Wiley & Sons, 2006
3. M IchaelArtin, Algebra (2nd Edition), Pearson Prentice Hall, 2011
4. Robinson, Derek John Scott., An Introduction To Abstract Algebra, Hindustan Book
Agency, 2010.
DSE-IV
Project Work(Compulsory)
Total Marks:100 (Project:75 Marks+Viva-Voce:25 Marks)
Record =5 Marks ; Viva-Voce=5 Marks ; Experiment=15 Marks

Generic Electives/Interdisciplinary
(04 Papers, 02 Papers Each From Two Allied Disciplines)
(Credit: 06 Each, Marks:100)
GE-I TO GE-IV
GE-I: Calculus And Ordinary Differential Equations

Unit-I : Curvature, asymptotes, tracing of curves (cartenary, cycloid, folium of

descartes, astroid, limacon,cissoid& loops), rectification, quardrature,
volume and surface area of solids of revolution.
Unit-II : Sphere, cones and cylinders, conicoid.
Unit-III : Explicit and implicit functions, limit and continuity of functions of
several variables, partial derivatives, partial derivatives of higher orders,
homogeneous functions, change of variables, mean value theorem,taylors
theorem and maclaurins theorem for functions of two variables. maxima
and minima of functions of two and three variables, implicit functions,
lagranges multipliers. multiple integrals.
Unit-IV : Ordinary differential equations of 1st order and 1st degree (variables
separable, homogenous, exact and linear). equations of 1st order but
higher degree. Second Order Linear Equations with Constant
Coefficients, Homogeneous Forms, Second Order Equations with
Variable Coefficients, Variation of Parameters. Laplace Transforms and
its Applications to Solutions of Differential Equations.

Page 26 of 44
Books Recommended:-
1. Shantinarayan-Text Book of Calculus, Part-II, S. Chand and Co., Chapter-8 (Art. 24,
25, 26)
2. Shantinarayan-Text Book of Calculus, Part-III, S. Chand and Co., Chapter-1 (Art 1,2),
3, 4(Art.10 To 12 Ommitting Simpsons Rule), 5(Art-13) And 6(Art-15).
3. Analytical Solid Geometry by Shantinaryana & P.K . Mittal , S. Chand & Co. .
4. Santosh K. Sengar-Advanced Calculus, Chapters: 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 11, 12, 13.
5. J. Sinharoy and S. Padhy-A Course of Ordinary and Partial Differential Equations,
Kalyani Publishers. Chapters: 2(2.1 To 2.7), 3, 4(4.1 To 4.7), 5, 9(9.1, 9.2, 9.3, 9.4,
9.5, 9.10, 9.11, 9.13).
6. Mathematics for Degree Students By P.K . Mittal ,S.Chand& Co.(For B.Sc. 1st Year)

Books For References:-

1. David V. Weider-Advanced Calculus, Dover Publications.
2. Martin Braun-Differential Equations and their Applications-Martin Braun, Springer
International.
3. M.D. Raisinghania-Advanced Differential Equations, S. Chand & Company Ltd., New
Delhi.27

GE-II: Linear Algebra and Advanced Algebra

Unit-I : Vector space, subspace, span of a set, linear dependence and

independence, dimensions and basis.linear transformations, range, kernel,
rank, nullity, inverse of a linear map, rank-nullity theorem.
Unit-II : Matrices and linear maps, rank and nullity of a matrix, transpose of a
matrix, types of matrices. Elementary row operations, system of linear
equations, matrix inversion using row operations, determinant and rank of
matrices, Eigen values, Eigen vectors, quadratic forms.
Unit-III : Group theory: definition and examples, subgroups, normal subgroups,
cyclic groups, cosets, quotient groups, permutation groups,
homomorphism.
Unit-IV : Ring theory: definition and examples, some special classes of rings,
ideals, quotient rings, ring homomorphism. Isomorphism theorems. Zero
divisors, integral domain, finite fields, finite field z/pz, field of quotients
of an integral domain, polynomial ring, division algorithm, remainder
theorem, factorization of polynomials, irreducible and reducible
polynomials, primitive polynomials, irreducibility tests, Eisenstein
criterion.

Page 27 of 44
Books Recommended:-
1. V. Krishnamurty, V. P. Mainra, J. L. Arora-An Introduction To Linear Algebra,
Affliated East-West Press Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi, Chapters: 3, 4(4.1 To 4.7), 5(Except
5.3), 6(6.1, 6.2, 6.5, 6.6, 6.8),7(7.4 Only).
2. I.H. Seth-Abstract Algebra, Prentice Hall Of India Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi. Chapters:13,
14, 15, 16,17,18,19,20.
3. Mathematics For Degree Students By P.K . Mittal ,S.Chand& Co.(For B.Sc. 1st Year)

Books For References:-

1. S. Kumaresan-Linear Algebra: A Geometric Approach, Prentice Hall Of India.
2. Rao AndBhimasankaran-Linear Algebra, Hindustan Publishing House.
3. S. Singh-Linear Algebra, Vikas Publishing House Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi.
4. Gilbert Strang-Linear Algebra & Its Applications, Cengage Learning India Pvt. Ltd.
5. I.N. Herstein-Topics In Algebra, Wiley Eastern Pvt. Ltd.
6. Gallian-Contemporary Abstract Algebra, Narosa Publishing House.
7. Artin-Algebra, Prentice Hall Of India.
8. V.K. Khanna And S.K. Bhambri-A Course In Abstract Algebra, Vikas Publishing
House Pvt. Ltd.,New Delhi.

SKILL ENHANCEMENT COURSES(SEC)

(Credit: 2 Each, Total Marks:50)
SEC-I TO SEC-II
SEC-I
Communicative English and Writing Skill(Compulsory)
SEC-II (Any One of the Following)
1-Computer Graphics
Development of Computer Graphics: Raster Scan and Random Scan Graphics Storages,
Displays Processors and Character Generators, Colour Display Techniques, Interactive
Input/Output Devices. Points, Lines and Curves: Scan Conversion, Line-Drawing Algorithms,
Circle and Ellipse Generation, Conic-Section Generation, Polygon filling Anti Aliasing. Two-
Dimensional Viewing: Coordinate Systems, Linear Transfor-Mations, Line and Polygon
Clipping Algorithms.

Books Recommended:-
1. D. Hearn and M.P. Baker-Computer Graphics, 2nd Ed., Prenticehall of India, 2004.
2. J.D. Foley, A Van Dam, S.K. Feiner And J.F. Hughes-Computer Graphics: 2nd Ed.,
Addison-Wesley, Ma, 1990.
3. D.F. Rogers-Procedural Elements in Computer Graphics, 2nd Ed., Mcgraw Hill Book
Company,2001.
4. D.F. Rogers and A.J. Admas-Mathematical Elements In Computer Graphics, 2nd Ed.,
Mcgrawhill Book Company, 1990.

Page 28 of 44
 2-Logic and Sets
Introduction, Propositions, Truth Table, Negation, Conjunction and Disjunction. Implications,
Biconditional Propositions, Converse, Contra Positive and Inverse Propositions and
Precedence of Logical Operators. Propositional Equivalence: Logical Equivalences.
Predicates & Quantifiers: Introduction, Quantifiers, Binding Variables and Negations. Sets,
Subsets, Set Operations and the Laws of Set Theory and Venn Diagrams. Examples Of finite
and Infinite Sets. Finite Sets and Counting Principle. Empty Set, Properties of Empty Set.
Standard Set Operations. Classes of Sets. Power Set of a Set. Difference and Symmetric
Difference of Two Sets. Set Identities, Generalized Union and Intersections. Relation: Product
Set, Composition of Relations, Types of Relations, Partitions, Equivalence Relations With
Example of Congruence Modulo Relation, Partial Ordering Relations, Nary Relations.

Books Recommended:-
1. R.P. Grimaldi-Discrete Mathematics and Combinatorial Mathematics, Pearson
Education, 1998.
2. P.R. Halmos-Naive Set Theory, Springer, 1974.
3. E. Kamke-Theory of Sets, Dover Publishers, 1950.
4. Discrete Mathematics ,R.K Bhist & H.SDhami Oxford University Press Kolkota .
5. Discrete Mathematics N.C.H Iyengar& Others Vikas Pub.House New Delhi.

3-Combinartorial Mathematics
Basic Counting Principles, Permutations and Combinations (With and Without Repetitions),
Binomial theorem, Multinomial Theorem, Counting Subsets, Set-Partitions, Stirling Numbers
Principle of Inclusion and Exclusion, Derangements, Inversion Formulae Generating
Functions: Algebra of Formal Power series, Generating Function Models, Calculating
Generating Functions, Exponential Generating Functions. Recurrence Relations: Recurrence
Relation Models, Divide and Conquer Relations, Solution of Recurrence relations, Solutions
by Generating Functions. Integer Partitions, Systems of Distinct Representatives.
Books Recommended:-
1. J.H. Van Lint and R.M. Wilson-A Course in Combinatorics, 2nd Ed., Cambridge
University Press,2001.
2. V. Krishnamurthy-Combinatorics, Theory and Application, A_Liated East-West Press
1985.
3. P.J. Cameron-Combinatorics, Topics, Techniques, Algorithms, Cambridge University
Press, 1995.
4. M. Jr. Hall-Combinatorial Theory, 2nd Ed., John Wiley & Sons, 1986.
5. S.S. Sane-Combinatorial Techniques, Hindustan Book Agency, 2013.
6. R.A. Brualdi-Introductory Combinatorics, 5th Ed., Pearson Education Inc., 2009.

Page 29 of 44
 4-Information Security

Overview of Security: Protection Versus Security; Aspects of Securitydata Integrity, Data

Availability, Privacy; Security Problems, User Authentication, Orange Book. Security
Threats: Program Threats, Worms, Viruses, Trojan Horse, Trap Door, Stack and Bu_Er over
Ow; System Threats- Intruders; Communication Threats- Tapping and Piracy. Security
Mechanisms: Intrusion Detection, Auditing and Logging, Tripwire, System-Call Monitoring.

Books Recommended:-
1. C. Peeger and S.L. Peeger-Security in Computing , 3rd Ed., Prentice-Hall of India,
2007.
2. D. Gollmann-Computer Security, John Wiley And Sons, Ny, 2002.
3. J. Piwprzyk, T. HardjonoAnd J. Seberry-Fundamentals of Computer Security,
Springer- Verlagberlin, 2003.
4. J.M. Kizza-Computer Network Security, Springer, 2007.
5. M. Merkow and J. Breithaupt-Information Security: Principles and Practices, Pearson
Education,2006.

Page 30 of 44
B.A. / B.SC. MATHEMATICS COURSE (REGULAR)

Structure under
CHOICE BASED CREDIT SYSTEM

FOR
SESSION 2016-2017

Page 31 of 44
BERHAMPUR UNIVERSITY

Core Courses

B.A/B.Sc.- Mathematics

SEMESTER-1

C-I: Differential Calculus

(Credit: 06, Marks-100)

Theory: 80 Marks+ Mid Sem: 20 Marks

Page 32 of 44
 5 Lectures, 1 Tutorial(Per week per student)

C- : Differential Calculus

Unit-I : Limit and continuity (  and  definition), Types of discontinuity,

Differentiability of functions, successive Differentiation, Leibnitz theorem.

Unit-II : Partial differentiation, Euler’s Theorem of homogeneous functions, tangent and

normals.

Unit-III : Rolles Theorem, Lagranges Mean value Theorem, Cauchys Mean value theorem,
taylor’s Theorem, Taylor’s series, Maclaurina’s series of six x, Cos x, ex, log (1+
x), (1 + x)m, Maxima and Minima, Inderminant form.

Unit-IV : Curvature and Asymptotes. Singular Points, Tracing of Curves, Parametric

representation of Curves and tracing of Parametric Curves, polar co-ordinates and
tracing of curves in polar co-ordinator.

Book Recommended:

Shantinarayan: Differential Calculus, S.Chand & Co.

Chapters: 3(3.1,3.2,3.6,3.7,3.8), 4(4.1),5,6,7(7.1-7.8), 8(8.1-8.6), 9,10,11(11.1-11.6),14(14.1-

14.6),15,16,17.

Reference Books:

1. Santosh K, Sengar: Advanced Calculus, Cinegage India Publications.

2. H. Anton, I. Birens and S. Davis :Calculus, Jhon Wiley and Sons Inc. , 2002.
3. Shantinarayan: Text Book of Calculus Part-II, S. Chand & Co.
4. Shantinarayan: Text Book of Calculus Part-III, S. Chand & Co.

SEMESTER-II

C-2: Differential Equations

(Credit: 06, Marks-100)

Theory: 80 Marks+ Mid Sem: 20 Marks

5 Lectures, 1 Tutorial(Per week per student)

Page 33 of 44
Unit-I : First Order First Degree Equations: variable separable Homogeneous Equations,
Exact Equations, Integrating factors, Linear Equations, Equations Reducible to
Linear form. Equations of First Order but of Higher Degree: Equations Solvable
for p, Equations Solvable for y Equations solvable for x, Equations with one
variable missing, Equations homogeneous in x and y, the Clairaut Equation, The
Lagrange Equation.

Unit-II : Homogeneous Linear Equations with constant coefficients, Non-homogeneous

Linear Equations with constant coefficients, The method of variation of
parameters. The Cauchy-Euler equation, simultaneous differential equation &
total differential equation.

Unit-III : Order and degree of partial differential equations, concept of linear and non-
linear partial differential equations, linear partial differential equation of first
order, Lagranges method, Charpits method.

Unit-IV : Classification of second order partial differential equations into elliptic, parabolic
and hyperbolic through illustrations only.

Book Recommended:

J. Sinha Roy and S, Padhy, A Course on Ordinary and Partial Differential Equations, kalyani
Publishers, New Delhi, Ludhiana, 2012.

Chapters: 1,2(2.1 to 2.7), 3,4(4.1 to 4.7), 5,11,12,13(13.1 – 13.5)

Books for Reference:

1. Martin Braun, Differential Equations and their Applications, Springer International.

2. M.D. Raisinghania- Advanced Differential Equation, S. Chand & Company Ltd., New Delhi.
3. S.L.Ross, differential Equations, John Wiley & Sons, India, 2004.

SEMESTER-III

C-3: Real Analysis

(Credit: 06, Marks-100)

Theory: 80 Marks+ Mid Sem: 20 Marks

Page 34 of 44
 5 Lectures, 1 Tutorial(Per week per student)

Unit-I : Field Structure and order structure, Bounded and unbounded sets, supremum,
Infimum, Completenerss in the set of Real numbers, Absolute value of Real
numbers. Neighbourhood of a point open sets, closed sets and countable sets:
Limit points of a set, closed sets: closure of a set, countable and uncountable sets,
Bolzano Weirstrass Theorem for sets.

Unit-II : Real Sequences: Sequences, Limit Points of a Sequence, Limits Infecior and
Superior, Convergence Sequences, Non-Convergent Sequences(Definitions),
cauchy’s General Principle of Convergence, Algebra of Sequences, Monotonic
Sequence. Some Important Theorems of Sequences : Sandwich Theorem,
Cauchy’s first theorem on limits Cesaro’s theorem, Monotonic Sequences,
Subsequences.

Unit-III : Infinite Series: Positive term series, comparison tests for positive term series,
Cauchy’s Root Test, D’Alember Ratio Test, Raabe’s Test, Logarithmic Test,
Integral Test, Gauss Test Uniform convergence.

Unit-IV : Sequences and series of functions, pointwise and uniform-convergences, Mn-test,

M-test, statement of results about uniform conversences, differentiability and
integrability of function, power series and radius of convergence.

Book Recommended:

1. S.C.Malik and Savita Arora-Mathematica Analysis, New Age International Publications(New

Edition).

Chapters: 1,2,3,4, 12(1-4), 13(1-2)

Books for Reference:

1. Shantinarayan, Dr. M.D. Raisinghania: Elements of Real Analysis, S. Chand & Company Pvt.
Ltd., New Delhi.
2. G. Das & S. Pattanayak: Fundamentals of Mathematical Analysis, TMH Publishing Co.
3. D. Somasundaram and B. Choudhury: A First course on Mathematical Analysis, Narosa
Publishing House.
4. R. G. Bartle & D.R. Sherbert: Introduction to Real Analysis, Jhon Wiley and Sons India.
5. S.L Gupta & Nisha Rani: Real Analysis, Vikas Publishing House Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi.
SEMESTER-IV

C-4: Algebra

(Credit: 06, Marks-100)

Page 35 of 44
 Theory: 80 Marks+ Mid Sem: 20 Marks

5 Lectures, 1 Tutorial(Per week per student)

Unit-I : Equivalence relations, Functions, composition of functions Invertible functions,

one to one correspondence and cardinality of a set. Well ordering property of
positive integers. Division algorithm, divisibility and Euclidean algorithm,
Congruence relation between integers, principle of Mathematical Induction
statement of Fundamental Theorem of Arithmetic.

Unit-II : Definition and examples of groups, examples of abelian and non-abelian groups,
the group zn integers under addition modulo n cyclic groups from number system,
complex roots of unity, the permutation group symmetric(n).

Unit-III : Subgroups, cyclic Subgroups, A Counting Principle, Normal Subgroups and

Quotient Groups. Homorphis.

Unit-IV : Definition and Examples of Rings, Some Special Classes of Rings,

Homomorphisms, Subrings and Ideals, Integral domain and Fields with
examples.

Book Recommended:

I.N.Herstein: Topics in algebra, John Wiley and Sons(3rd edition).

Chapters: 1,2(2.1 to 2.7), 3(3.1-3.4, 3.6)

Reference Books:

1. Joseph A. Gallian: Contemporary Abstract Algebra (4th Edition), Narosa Publishing House,
New Delhi.
2. M.K. Sen, Shamik Ghosh, Parthsarathi, Mukhopadhya: Topics in Abstract Algebra, Second
Edition, University Press.

Page 36 of 44
 SEMESTER-V

DISCIPLINE SPECIFIC ELECTIVE COURSES(DSE)

(Credit: 06, Marks-100)

Theory: 80 Marks+ Mid Sem: 20 Marks

5 Lectures, 1 Tutorial(Per week per student)

DSE-A(Any One of the following)

1. LINEAR ALGEBRA
Unit-I : Vector space, Subspace, algebra of subspaces, quotient spaces, linear
combination of vectors, linear span, linear independence basis and dimension,
dimension of subspaces.

Unit-II : Linear transformations, Null Space, Range, Rank and Nulity of a Linear
Transformation, Matrix Representation of a linear transformation, Algebra of
Linear Transformations.

Unit-III : Dual space, dual basis, double dual, eigen value and eigen vector, characteristic
polunomial.

Unit-IV : Isomorphism, Isomorphism theorems, Invertibility and Isomorphisms, change of

co-ordinate matrix.

Book Recommended:

V. Krishnamurthy, V.P.Mainra, J.L.Arora: An Introduction to Linear Algebra, East-West

Press Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi.

Books for Reference:

1. Stephen, H, Friedberg, Arnold J, Insel Tawrence, F. Spence, Linear Algebra, 4 th Ed., Prentice
Hall of India Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi, 2004.

Page 37 of 44
 2. David, C. Lay, Linear Algebra and its Applications, 3rd Ed. Pearson Education Asia, Indian
Reprint, 2007.
3. S. Lang: Introduction to Linear Algebra, 2nd Ed. Springer, 2005.

1. MECHANICS

Unit-I : Conditions of equilibrium of a particle and of coplanar forces acting on a rigid

Body. Laws of friction.

Unit-II : Problems of equilibrium under forces including friction, centre of gravity, work
and potential energy.

Unit-III : Velocity and acceleration of a particle along a curve, radial and transverse
components (plane curve) tangential and normal components (Space)

Unit-IV : Newtons Law of Motion, Simple Harmonic Motion. Simple pendulum, Projectile
Motion.

Book Recommended:

1. A.S.Ramsey, Statics, CBS Publishers and Distributors(Indian Reprint), 1998.

2. A.P.Roberts: Statics and Dynamics with Background in Mathematics, Cambridge University
Press, 2003.

Books for Reference:

1. P.Duriapandian, Laxmi Duraipandian, Muthamizh jayapragasam: Mechanics(For B.Sc.

Students of Mathematics, Physics and Engineering Courses of all Indian Universities),
S.Chand & Company Ltd., New Delhi.
2. J.L.Synge and Griffith-Mechanics, Mc Graw-Hill.
3. Grant R fowles- Analytical Mechanics, Cengage Learning India Pvt. Ltd.

SEMESTER-VI

DSE-B (Any one of the following)

1. NUMERICAL METHODS

Page 38 of 44
Unit-I : Algorithms, Convergence, Errors: Relative, Absolute, Round off, Truncation,
Transcendental and Poly-nomial equations, Bisection Method, Newtons Method,
Secant Method, Rate of Convergence of these methods.

Unit-II : System of Linear algebraic equations: Gaussian Elimination and Gauss Jordan
methods. Gauss Jacobi Method, Gauss Seidel Method and Their Convergence
analysis.

Unit-III : Interpolation: lagrange and Newtons Methods. Error bounds, finite difference
operators, Gregory forward and backward difference interpolation.

Unit-IV : Numerical Integration: Trapezoidal rule, Simpsons rule, Simpsons 3/8th rule,
Booles Rule, Mid point rule, composite Trapezoidal rule, composite Simpsons
rule. Ordinary Differential Equations: Eulers Method, Runge-Kutta Methods of
orders two and four.

Book Recommended:

B.P.Acharya and R.N.Das-A course on Numerical Analysis Kalyani Publishers, New Delhi,
Ludhiana.

Chapters: 1,2(2.1 to 2.4, 2.6, 2.8, 2.9), 3(3.1 to 3.4, 3.6 to 3.8, 3.10), 4(4.1, 4.2), 5(5.1, 5.2, 5.3),
6(6.1, 6.2, 6.3, 6.10, 6.11), 7(7.1, 7.2, 7.3, 7.4 & 7.7)

Books for Reference:

1. M.K.jain, S.R.K. Iyenger and R.K.Jain, Numerical Methods for Scientific and Engineering
Computation 6th Edi, New Age International Publisher, India, 2007.
2. Uri M. Ascher and Chen Grief, A First Couse in Numerical Method 7 th Ed. PHI Learning
Private Limited, 2013.

2. LINEAR PROGRAMMING

Unit-I : Introduction to linear programming problems(LPP), Mathematical formulation of

the LPP with illustrations, Graphical method, General Linear Programming
problems. Canonical & standard form of LPP. Theory of Simplex method,
Optimality and unboundedness, the Simjplex algorithm, simplex method in
tableau format, Introduction to artificial variables. Two phase method. Big-M

Page 39 of 44
 method and their comparisons.

Unit-II : Duality in LPP: Introduction, General Primal-Dual pair, Formulation of the Dual
problem, Primal Dual relationships, Duality theorems, Complementary slackness
theorem. Duality & Simplex method Economic interpretation of the Duality.

Unit-III : Transportation Problem(TP) : LP formulation of TP Existence of solution and

Duality in TP. Solution of Transportation problems. North West corner method.
Least Cost method and Vogel approximation method for determination of
starting basic solution. Algorithm for solving transportation problem. Assignment
problem and its mathematical formulation, Solujtion methods of Assignment
problem, Special cases in Assignment problems.

Unit-IV : Games and Strategies : Introduction, Formulation of two person zero sum games,
solving two person zsero sum games. Maxmin-Minimax principle, Games
without saddle points, Games with mixed strategies, Graphical solution procedure
to (2 x n) and (m x 2) games.

Books Recommended:

1. Kanti Swarup, P.K.Gupta and Man Mohan. Operations Research, S. Chand and Co. Pvt. Ltd.,
chapters: 2,3,4,5(5.1-5.8), 10(10.1-10.10), 11(11.1, 11.4), 17(17.1, 17.6).
Book for References:

1. G. Hardly, Linear Programming, Narosa Publishing House, New Delhi, 2002.

2. N.V.R. Naidu, G.Rajendra and T. Krishna Rao, Operations Research, I.K. International
Publishing House Pvt. Ltd. New Delhi, Bangalore.
3. R.Veerachamy and V. Rabi Kumar: Operations Reserarch, I.K. International Publishing House
Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi, Bangalore.
4. P.K.Gupta and D.S.Hira, Operations Research, S. Chand and Company Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi.
5. Mokhtar S. Bazaraa, John J. Jarvis and Hanif D. Sherah: Linear Programming and Network
Flows, 2nd Ed. John Wiley and Sons, India, 2004.
6. F.S. Hiooller and G.J. Lieberman Introduction to Operations Research 9 th Ed., Tata McGraw
Hill, Singapore, 2009.
7. Hamdy A. Taha Operations Research, An Intriduction, 8th Ed. Prentice Hall India, 2006.
8. Uri M. Ascher and chen Gried, a first Course in Numerical Method, 7th Edition, PHI Learning
Private Limited, 2011.

Page 40 of 44
 FOR B.A (REGULAR) STUDENTS
Generic Electives/Interdisciplinary
(Credit: 06 Each, Marks:100)

GE-I & GE-II

GE-I: Calculus And Ordinary Differential Equations

Unit-I : Curvature, asymptotes, tracing of curves (cartenary, cycloid, folium of

descartes, astroid, limacon,cissoid& loops), rectification, quardrature, volume
and surface area of solids of revolution.

Unit-II : Sphere, cones and cylinders, conicoid.

Unit-III : Explicit and implicit functions, limit and continuity of functions of several
variables, partial derivatives, partial derivatives of higher orders, homogeneous
functions, change of variables, mean value theorem,taylors theorem and
maclaurins theorem for functions of two variables. maxima and minima of
functions of two and three variables, implicit functions, lagranges multipliers.
multiple integrals.

Unit-IV : Ordinary differential equations of 1st order and 1st degree (variables separable,
homogenous, exact and linear). equations of 1st order but higher degree.
Second Order Linear Equations With Constant Coefficients, Homogeneous

Page 41 of 44
 Forms, Second Order Equations With Variable Coefficients, Variation Of
Parameters. Laplace Transforms And Its Applications To Solutions Of
Differential Equations.

Books Recommended:-

1. Shantinarayan-Text Book Of Calculus, Part-II, S. Chand And Co., Chapter-8 (Art. 24, 25, 26)

2. Shantinarayan-Text Book Of Calculus, Part-III, S. Chand And Co., Chapter-1 (Art 1,2), 3, 4(Art.10
To 12 Ommitting Simpsons Rule), 5(Art-13) And 6(Art-15).

3.Analytical Solid Geometry By Shantinaryana& P.K . Mittal ,S.Chand& Co. .

4. Santosh K. Sengar-Advanced Calculus, Chapters: 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 11, 12, 13.

5. J. SinharoyAnd S. Padhy-A Course Of Ordinary And Partial Differential Equations, Kalyani

Publishers. Chapters: 2(2.1 To 2.7), 3, 4(4.1 To 4.7), 5, 9(9.1, 9.2, 9.3, 9.4, 9.5, 9.10, 9.11, 9.13).

6.Mathematics For Degree Students By P.K . Mittal ,S.Chand& Co.(For B.Sc. 1st Year)

Books For References:-

1. David V. Weider-Advanced Calculus, Dover Publications.

2. Martin Braun-Differential Equations And Their Applications-Martin Braun, Springer International.

3. M.D. Raisinghania-Advanced Differential Equations, S. Chand & Company Ltd., New Delhi.27

GE-II: Linear Algebra and Advanced Algebra

Unit-I : Vector space, subspace, span of a set, linear dependence and independence,
dimensions and basis.linear transformations, range, kernel, rank, nullity, inverse

Page 42 of 44
 of a linear map, rank-nullity theorem.

Unit-II : Matrices and linear maps, rank and nullity of a matrix, transpose of a matrix,
types of matrices. Elementary row operations, system of linear equations,
matrix inversion using row operations, determinant and rank of matrices, Eigen
values, Eigen vectors, quadratic forms.

Unit-III : Group theory: definition and examples, subgroups, normal subgroups, cyclic
groups, cosets, quotient groups, permutation groups, homomorphism.

Unit-IV : Ring theory: definition and examples, some special classes of rings, ideals,
quotient rings, ring homomorphism. Isomorphism theorems. Zero divisors,
integral domain, finite fields, finite field z/pz, field of quotients of an integral
domain, polynomial ring, division algorithm, remainder theorem, factorization
of polynomials, irreducible and reducible polynomials, primitive polynomials,
irreducibility tests, Eisenstein criterion.

Books Recommended:-

1. V. Krishnamurty, V. P. Mainra, J. L. Arora-An Introduction To Linear Algebra, Affliated East-West

Press Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi, Chapters: 3, 4(4.1 To 4.7), 5(Except 5.3), 6(6.1, 6.2, 6.5, 6.6, 6.8),7(7.4
Only).

2. I.H. Seth-Abstract Algebra, Prentice Hall Of India Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi. Chapters:13, 14, 15,
16,17,18,19,20.

3.Mathematics For Degree Students By P.K . Mittal ,S.Chand& Co.(For B.Sc. 1st Year)

Books For References:-

1. S. Kumaresan-Linear Algebra: A Geometric Approach, Prentice Hall Of India.

2. Rao AndBhimasankaran-Linear Algebra, Hindustan Publishing House.

3. S. Singh-Linear Algebra, Vikas Publishing House Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi.

4. Gilbert Strang-Linear Algebra & Its Applications, Cengage Learning India Pvt. Ltd.

5. I.N. Herstein-Topics In Algebra, Wiley Eastern Pvt. Ltd.

6. Gallian-Contemporary Abstract Algebra, Narosa Publishing House.

7. Artin-Algebra, Prentice Hall Of India.

Page 43 of 44
8. V.K. Khanna And S.K. Bhambri-A Course In Abstract Algebra, Vikas Publishing House Pvt.
Ltd.,New Delhi.

Page 44 of 44