EXTENSION AND TRANSFER OF

TECHNOLOGY AND ACTIVITIES

 INDEX
S. NO. Content

1. Introduction of RAWE

2. Selection of village for RAWE programme

3.. Information of assigned village

4. Important institution in the assigned village

5. Details of important Govt. scheme in the assigned village

6. SHG of assigned village List of host and contact farmer

7. List of host and contact farmer

8. PRA

8. 1 Social map

8.2 Resource map

8.3 Mobility map

8.4 Service and opportunity

8.5 Transect walk

8.6 Time line

8.7 Trend analysis

8.8 Seasonal diagram

8.9 Daily activity schedule

8.10 Cause and effect diagram

8.11 Spider diagram

8.12 Venn diagram

8.13 Matrix ranking

9. Major extension activities conducted in the adopted village

10. ITKs using by farmers

11. Suggestion offered by the adopted farmer to minimize the problem

12 Communication media of the adopted farmer

Annexure
1. AN INTRODUCTION: RAWE (READY) PROGRAMME
Experiential learning approaches towards problem solving and improving interaction
with the world outside. The learning process essentially provides a direction to the students to
think and act and eventually creates self-confidence.
It helps the students develop their competence, capability, capacity building, skills,
expertise, in short a holistic development. However, it requires an individual‟s total
commitment, involvement, participation, reception, active interest, dedication, skill, curiosity,
vision and mission.
Under the changing dynamics of economical and industrial growth agriculture has
undergone a sea change with new approaches.

The word “RAWE” stands for Rural Agriculture Work Experience, it is basically
awareness to Agriculture graduates about the actual situation and status of the farmers and
farming practices.
Agricultural education needs to be evolved in a very rapid manner to meet the
expectation of the society. Though the students of agriculture are learning substantial basic
and applied issues of scienceand technology, they do not possess adequate confidence in
starting own commercial venture.
Under this situation, Rural Agricultural Work Experience (RAWE) is an important
competence and confidence building Programme introduced in some of the SAUs in India.

This programme was first time started in agricultural Universities of the state Andhra
Pradesh in the year 1979. With a view to giving the real-life exposure to the students the
Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya (IGKV) Raipur has also introduced this
programme to the students of 7th Semester B.Sc. (Ag.) from 1993-94 by the Hon‟ble Vice-
chancellor Dr. Kritisingh.This Programme is a sequel of the recommendation made by the
„Randhawa Committee‟ constituted by ICAR.
We are the students of SGCARS; Jagdalpur 2018-19 and were allotted.
Village – Bade Marenga ,Block -Tokapal, Jagdalpur,Dist.- Bastar, Chhattisgarh.494442

PRINCIPLES OF RAWE PROGRAMME -

1. Go to the people.
2. Live with them.
3. Learn from them.
4. Motivate them.
5. Learning by doing.
6. Seeing is believing.
7. Start with what they know.
THE MAIN OBJECTIVES OF THE RAWE PROGRAMME -
 To make them understand the rural community life and the prevailing situation.
 To familiarize with the rural socio-economic conditions.
 To provide an opportunity to have practical training in crop production.
 To improve communication skills among the students using extension teaching
methods in transfer of technology.
 To sensitize them regarding agricultural technologies, used by farmers and to prepare
alternate farm plans according to the local situation in consultation with the farmers.
 To develop confidence and competence in students for handling professional problems.
 To acquaint the students with ongoing thrust on rural development and programmes.
 To make the students understand the changed role of men and women in agricultural
and alied field.
 To explore the high-tech agricultural technology and the factors affecting the adoption
of modern methods of agriculture.
 To initiate awareness, understanding & skills among the students with special
reference to the scientific model of “Integrated Development of Agriculture” i.e. Crop
Husbandry, Horticulture, Agro Forestry, Animal husbandry, Fisheries, Poultry,
Dairying, Agro-based Industries, Processing, Marketing etc.

AN EXTENSION EDUCATION AND RAWE PROGRAMME -

The word extension is derived from Latin word „ex‟ meaning out and „tension‟ meaning
stretching. Extension is that type of education, which is stretched out to the people in the rural
area far and nears beyond the limits of the educational institutions, to which formal type of
education is usually concerned.
Education is an integral part of extension because of the fact that extension is pursued in
agriculture and may other discipline to educate, motivate and change the behavior of the
people. This particular branch of science is known as „extension education‟

NEED FOR EXTENSION -

The need for extension arises of the fact that the condition of the rural people in general
and the farm people in particular has got to be improved. There is gap between what is actual
situation and what ought to be the desirable situation. This gap has to be narrowed down
mainly by the application of science and technology in these enterprises and bring
appropriate change in their behavior

IMPORTANCE OF EXTENSION IN RAWE PROGRAMME:-

 The main objective of RAWE is to provide improved techniques, technical know-how
conditions of farmer are also some outcome of RAWE. These objectives can only be
achieved by proper use of principle and method of extension.
 Extension provide us an understanding of village conditions, and farmers behavior
with the help of this understanding, we are able to do RAWE programmed successfully
and achieve its objectives.
 There is a goal between actual situation and what ought to be the desirable situation.
This gap can be narrowed by application of extension methods and bringing
appropriate change in behavior of farmer.
2. SELECTION OF VILLAGE FOR RAWE ACTIVITIES:-
 Village to be selected should be well connected by road preferably within the radius
of 25 to 30 km of the college.
 There should be at least 75 to 100 farm families in the village.
 The village to be selected should have minimum middle school, Panchayat Bhavan &
primary health centre.
 Village should be capable of providing safe lodging & boarding facilities to the
students.
 The village so selected should have as many enterprises as possible viz. Crop
production,
 Horticulture, Dairy, Goat rearing, Poultry, Fishery, Sericulture, Mushroom
cultivation,
 Apiculture etc.
 Village should be changed after two year.
 At present adopted village – Bademarenga & Gudramarenga, Block – Tokapal,
District- Bastar (C.G.)

3. Information of assigned village, Gudramarenga

Table No. 1: Demographic information about assigned village.

S. No. Particulars Detailed

1. Name of the Village Bade Marenga

2.
Village Panchayat Bade marenga

3. Post office Telimarenga

4. Block Tokapal
5. District Bastar

6. Location 20 km away from SGCARS, Jagdalpur

7. Latitude 19.047N

8. Longitude 81.926E

9. Elevation 564m

10. Total population 306(M-147, F-159)

11. Total no. of household 78

12. Total no. of farmers 69

Total geographical
13. 74.07 ha
area
14. Total cultivated area 64.66 ha
 15. wasteland area 12.50 ha

16. Total Rainfed area 42.61 ha

17. Forest area 0.58 ha

18. Density 4 Person/ha.

19. Sex Ratio 1082 (Higher than Chhattisgarh 9910

20. Child sex ratio 1421

21. Literacy 63.46% (M- 84.38, F- 43.18%)
22. Worker 130(M- 81, F-49)
23. Main Worker 94(M-25, F- 69)
24. Marginal worker 36

25. Cropping pattern Intercropping & monocropping

Table No. 02: Bench mark survey of assigned village.

S. No. Particulars Location/Place Distance from the

Village (Km.)
1. Village Bade Marenga 00

2. Rice mill Bademarenga 0.3

3. Panchayat Bademarenga 0.4

4. Uchhit mulaya ki Bademarenga 0.4

dukan
5. PNB Bank Bademarenga 0.4

6. LAMPS Bademarenga 0.5

7. Nursery Bademarenga 0.6

8. Post office Telimarenga 01

9. Primary school Bademarenga 01

10. Middle school Bademarenga 01

11 Hospital Dimrapal 04

12. Market Pamela,Dimrapal 04

13. Block head quarter Tokapal 06

14. College Tokapal 06

 15. Veterinary Hospital Tokapal 06

16. Commercial bank, 06

Tokapal
SBI
17. Police station Parpa 09

18. District head quarter Jagdalpur 12

19. Commercial bank Jagdalpur 12

20. Bus stand Jagdalpur 12

21. Nearest city Jagdalpur 12

22. Railway station Jagdalpur 13

23. Godown/warehouse Jagdalpur 14

24. KrishiVigyanKendra Kumhrawand 20

Table No. 03: Persons who are leading in Assigned Village.

S.No. Post Name

1. Sarpanch Smt. Tula Baghel

2. Upsarpanch Sh.Babulkumar Nag

3. Sachiv (Secretary) Sh.SurendraMourya

4. Rojgarsahayak Sh.ChotuKashyap

5. Patwari Sh.RajeshTiwari

6. Kotwar Sh.SamluDurg

7. RAEO Sh.Ajay Gokhle

8. ANM Smt. Jhunki Koram

10. Vidhayak Sh. Deepak baij

11. MP Sh. Dinesh Kashyap

S. No. Category Numbers Percent

1. General 123 40
2. OBC 46 15

3. ST 137 44

4 SC 0 20

Total 306 100

Table No. 04 - Caste wise Population of Farmers in assigned Village

0%

Genral
45% 40%
OBC
ST
15%
SC

Fig:- Pie diagram of cast wise population

Table No. 05: Age-Wise Distributions of people in assigned Village.

Class
S. No.interval (Age) Numbers Percent

0-25
1. Years 91 29.7

25-50
2. Years 174 56.86

50-75
3. years 37 12.09

>75
4. Years 04 1.3

Total
5. 306 100

1.3

12.09

29.74

0 to 25
yr
25 to
50 yr
56.86 50 to
75 yr
>75 yr

Fig. Pie diagram Age-Wise Distributions of peoples in assigned Village

Table No. 06: Education Distribution in assigned Village.

S. No. Education Class Number of people Percent

1. Illiterate 141 46.07

2. Primary 82 26.79

3. Middle 46 15.03

4. 31
Higher Secondary 10.13

5. Graduate 06 1.96

Total 306 100

1.96

10.13
1
15.03 46.07
2
3
26.79 4
5

Fig. Pie diagram Distribution of peoples in assigned Village according to their

Education.

Table No. 07:- Income distribution of Family in assigned Village.

S. No. Annual income in Rs. Number

1. 0-60000 70

2. >60000 08

Total 78

Table no. 08: Operational Holdings of farmers.

Size Of Operational
S. No. Number Percentage (%)
Holdings of Farmers

1. Marginal (< 1 ha) 07 10

 2. Small(1- 2 ha) 19 27

3. Medium(2-4 ha) 33 47

4. Large ( > 4 ha ) 10 14

Total 69 100%

14 10

27 1
2
3
47
4

Fig. Pie diagram Operational Holdings of farmers

TABLE No. 09: Distribution of farmers according to their use of improved agricultural
implements

S. No. Implements/machine Numbers

1. Desi plough 15
2. Mould board plough 02

3. Cultivator 04

4. Bullock carts 6

5. Hand operated sprayers 5

6. Tractor 02

7. Grass chaffer Nil

8. Planker 6
9. Others(Hand Weeder) 12

Total 52
4. IMPORTANT INSTITUTIONS IN THE ASSIGNED VILLAGE
(A). Village Panchayat -
Function of village panchayat:
 Representative functions :
o The sarpanch,members and gram sevak represent the voice and opinion of the
village people on behalf of the gram panchayat to the taluka and zila level by
attending the meetings or sending the official records.
 Regulatory and administrative functions:
 This institute solving the disputes of village people as individual or groups.
 Gram panchayat implements the official programme by the authorities.
 Conduct regular meetings and keeps records for various departments.
 Service and development functions :
 Collection of taxes like house, etc.
 Promotion of educational , health, agriculture, and communiation facilities.
 Providing health and drinking water facilities whenever, the village people need,
 Produce authentic documents regarding birth, death, or property details of
village people.

(B). Schools in village:

Table No. 10: Information about Schools available in assigned Village.

No.
S. NAME OF Total Established
H.M/Principal of
No. SCHOOL Students on
Staff

Govt. Primary Smt. Hemlata

1. 3 69 1959
School (khaspara) Yadav

Govt. Primary Shri Munna lal

2. 2 24 1997
School(mundapara) Bhagel

Govt. Primary Smt. Sabita

3. 2 30 1997
School(surribhata) kashyap

Govt. Middle Smt. Taruni

4. 7 70 1967
school (thothapara) Thakur

Total 14
(C). Aaganwadi Kendra

Table No. 11: Information about Aaganwadi of assigned village.

Boys Girls (Age Boys Girls
S.N Aaganwadi
6 months to (Age 1.5Yr. to Total Teacher
O. Kendra no.
1Yer.) 4Yr.)

1. 01 3 23 26 2

Note: Total no. of Aaganwadi in village = 1

Funcution of aangawadi kendra:-

 Aanganwadi is a govt. sponsored child-care and mother-care development
programme in india at villge level.
 It cares to childern in 0-6 age group.
 Aanganwadi kendra provides basic health care facilities in indian villages.
 To improve the nutritional and health status of childern below the age of 6 years.
 To lay the foundation for theproper psychilogical,physical and social
deveolpment of the child.

Nutritions
 Supplementary nutrition
 Growth monitoring and promotion
 Nutrtion and health education

Health
 Immunization
 Heath services
 Pre-school educcation

Primary health center

Function of primary health center:
 Provision of medical care
 Maternal-child health including family planning
 Safe water supply and basic sanitation
 Prevention and control of locally endemic diseases
 Collection and reporting of vital statistics
 National programmes, as relevant
 Basic laboratory works
 Delivery of pregnant women
 Health check-up..
5. Government schemes running in assigned village
1. MGNREGA
It aims to enhance livelihood security in rural areas by providing at least 100 days of
wage employment in a financial year to every household whose adult members volunteer to
do unskilled manual work.

2. DMFT
District Mineral Foundation (DMF) is a trust set up as a non-profit body, in those
districts affected by the mining works, to work for the interest and benefit of persons and
areas affected by mining related operations. It is funded through the contributions from
miners.

3. INDIRA GANDHI NATIONAL OLD AGE PENSION SCHEME

The Indira Gandhi National Old Age Pension Scheme (IGNOAPS) is a non-
contributory old age pension scheme that covers Indians who are 60 years and above and live
below the poverty line. All individuals above the age of 60 who live below the poverty
line are eligible to apply for IGNOAPS.All IGNOAPS beneficiaries aged 60–79 receive a
monthly pension of Rs. 300 (Rs. 200 by central government and Rs. 100 by state
government).

4. INDIRA GANDHI NATIONAL WIDOW PENSION SCHEME(IGNWPS)

Indira Gandhi National Widow Pension Scheme(IGNWPS), introduced in the year
2009, provides BPL(Below Poverty Line) widows in the age group 40 to 64(later revised 40
to 59) with a monthly pension of Rs. 200 per beneficiary.

5. INDIRA GANDHI DISABILITY PENSION SCHEME (IGNDPS)

Eligibility: Individuals aged 18 years and above with more than 80% disability and
living below the poverty line.

6. SUKHAD SAHARA PENSION YOJNA

It has been started by cg govt. Its beneficiaries are widow or divorced women
between 18 to 39 year age. They get 350 rupee per month.

7. SRADHANJALI YOJNA
It has been started by CG state government. Under this scheme beneficiaries get
rupees 2000after the death of working member of their family

8. PRADHAN MANTRI UJJALA YOJNA

Pradhan Mantri Ujjwala Yojana is a scheme of the Ministry of Petroleum & Natural
Gas for providing LPG connections to women from Below Poverty Line (BPL) households
9. SUKANYA SAMRIDDHI YOJANA
The Sukanya Samriddhi Yojana is as girl child prosperity scheme under Beti Bachao
Beti Padhao programme of prime minister Narendra Modi .SSY account is to insure a bright
future of girl children in India . It was started on 22January 2015.

10. AYUSHMAN BHARAT YOJANA

Ayushman Bharat Yojana is a programme which aims to provide a service to create
a healthy, capable and content new India. It has two goals, one is to creating a network of
health and wellness, infrastructure across the nation to deliver comprehensive primary health
care service, and another is to provide insurance cover to at least 40 % of India‟s population
which is majorly deprived of secondary and tertiary care service.

11. BETI BACHAO BETI PADHAO

Beti bachao beti padhao is a personal campaign of the govt. of India that aims to
generate awareness and improve efficiency of welfare services intended for girls. The
campaign was launched on 22 January 2015.

12. PRADHAN MANTRI AWAS YOJANA

Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana is an initiative by Govt. of India in which affordable
housing will be provided to the urban poor with a target of building 20 billion affordable
houses by 31 March 2022.

13. MADHYAN BHOJAN

The mid day meal scheme is a school meal program of the govt. of India designed to
better the nutritional standing of school-age children nationwide.

14. SARVA SIKHSHA ABHIYAN

Sarva Sikhsha Abhiyan is an Indian Government program aimed at the
universalisation of elementary education “ in a time bound manner” ,mandated by the 86th
amendment constitution of India making free and compulsory education to children between
the age of 6-14 .
6. SELP HELP GROUP OF ASSINGED VILLAGE (Table No. 12)
S. Name No. of Name of Year Group Rs. Total
No. of President
members of activity Deposite Amount
SHGs & Secretary
Starting d by per (Rs.)/
Month
member

/month

1. Jagriti 10 Smt. Lalita 2018 Provide 200 2000

Kashyap&Brinda loan @

10%

2. Gayatri 10 Smt. Balo 2015 Provide 200 2000

Kashyap & loan @

Rutmi
10%
Mourya
 7. Listing of host and contact farmer (Table No. 13)

S. LAND
HOST
N STUDENT CONTACT FARMER‟S CATEG
FARMER,S HOLDIN M. NO.
O NAME NAME ORY
NAME G
.

Group No. 1
BHAGWAT GAGRU
1 4 ACRE ST 9407757526
POTAI MOURYA

1.NARSHINGH
1 ACRE ST 9399915426
KASHYAP

2. JAGGU KASHYAP 5 ACRE ST 7772835937

3. JAGDISH KASHYAP 5 ACRE ST 7647057077

4.LAXMAN MOURYA 5 ACRE ST 7805987678

BHIKAM NARSHINGH
2 4 ACRE 6260849976
CHAND KASHYAP

1. SUDARU MOURYA ST

2.LAXMAN MOURYA ST

3. JAGGU KASHYAP ST

4.JAGDISH KASHYAP ST

JAGGU
3 BHEEME ST 7354380628
KASHYAP

1. NARSHINGH
ST
KASHYAP

2. SUDARU MOURYA ST

3..LAXMAN MOURYA ST

4.JAGDISH KASHYAP ST

CHAYAA PARDUM
4 3 ACRE ST
NETAM KASHYAP

1.MANBAHAR BAGHEL ST

2.JAGGU KASHYAP ST

3.NARSINGH KASHYAP ST
 4.JAGDISH KASHYAP ST

MANBAHAR
5 LALIT NAG 5 ACRE ST
BAGHEL

1. JAGDISH KASHYAP ST

2. PARDUM KASHYAP ST

3. NARSINGH
ST
KASHYAP

4. GAGRU MOURYA. ST

RITU JAGDISH
6 3 ACRE ST 8253041580
SWARNAKAR KASHYAP

1. PARDUM KASHYAP ST

2. JAGGU KASHYAP ST

3. MANBAHAR
ST
BAGHEL

4. NARSINGH
ST
KASHYAP

Group no.2

SHAH ZAIB RAJESH 3.17

7 ST 6264823914
LAHIRI KASHYAP ACRE

1. AJAY BAGHEL ST

2. S.R. BAGHEL ST

3. SUDDU RAM ST

4. RAIMAN KASHYAP ST

YOGENDRA
8 AJAY BAGHEL 10 ACRE ST 9131443663
MAURYA

1. MUNNA MOHARE ST

2. RAIMAN KASHYAP ST

3.RAJESH KASHYAP ST

4. SUDDU RAM ST

SHIVAM
9 S.R. BAGHEL 4 ACRE ST 7354117037
SUJANE
 1. RAJESH KASHYAP ST

2. RAIMAN KASHYAP ST

3. RAIMAN KASHYAP ST

4. MUNNA MOHARE ST

ABHIJIT 7098975350
10 SUDDU RAM 5 ACRE ST
SARTHE 2

1.RAJESH KASHYAP ST

2 S.R. BAGHEL ST

3.RAIMAN KASHYAP ST

4. MUNNA MOHARE ST

11 ABHISHEK MUNNA 1.5 ACRE ST 8817796170

GARG MOHARE

1. S.R. BAGHEL 1 ACRE ST

2.RAIMAN KASHYAP 3 ACRE ST

3. RAJESH KASHYAP 3 ACRE ST

4. RAJESH KASYAP ST

12 AKASH RAIMAN 1.5 ACRE ST 9340849798

NETAM KASHYAP

1. RAJESH KASHYAP 3 ACRE ST

2. S.R. BAGHEL 1 ACRE ST

3.MUNNA MOHARE 0.5 ACRE ST

4.AJAY BAGHEL 2 ACRE ST

Group no.3

13 AMITA SINGH LACHHAN 2 ACRE ST

MOURYA

1.KAMLU BAGHEL 1 ACRE ST

2.CHIMTU BAGHEL ST

3.SUKRA BESRA ST

4. SIYA RAM KASHYAP 0.5 ACRE ST

14 ANJALI KAMLU 1 ACRE ST
MANHAR BAGHEL

1. LACHHAN MOURYA ST

2. CHIMTU BAGHEL ST

3.SIYARAM ST

4. SUKRU BESRA ST

15 ASHISH CHIMTU 2.5 ACRE ST

VERMA BAGHEL

1. KAMLU BAGHEL ST

2. SUKRU BESRA ST

3. SIYARAM ST

4. LACHHAN MOURYA ST

16 ASHWANI SUKRU BESRA 3 ACRE ST 9516816721

SINHA

1. SIYARAM KASHYAP ST

2.GASSU RAM ST

3. LACHHAN MOURYA ST

4. CHIMTU BAGHEL ST

17 BALDAU SIYARAAM 3 ACRE ST 7771913613

RAM

1. KAMLU BAGHEL ST

2. CHIMTU BAGHEL ST

3.SUKRU BESRA ST

4. LACHHAN MOURYA ST

18 GEETA GASSU RAM 3 ACRE ST

SONGER

1. SIYARAM 1 ACRE ST

2.SUKRU BESRA 1.5 ACRE ST

3. KAMLU BAGHEL 1.5 ACRE ST

4. CHIMTU BAGHEL 2 ACRE ST

Group no.04

19 HEMANI GOVIND SONI 1 ACRE ST 9752510221

NANDAL

1. SUKRRAM KASHYAP ST

2. SONADHAR ST
KASHYAP

3. LALIT NAG ST

4.KARTIK BAGHEL ST

20 HEMKANT SUKRRAM 0.5 ACRE ST

JOSHI KASHYAP

1. GOVIND SONI ST

2.DARSAI BAGHEL ST

3.LALIT NAG ST

4. KARTIK BAGHEL 2 ACRE ST

21 JERCIK V. SONADHAR 10 ACRE ST 9752111057

. ANIL KASHYAP

1. SUKRRAM KASHYAP

2. LALIT NAG

3. GOVIND SONI

4. KARTIK BAGHEL

22 KAMTA LALIT NAG ST 8253022795

. PRASAD

1. SONADHAR
KASHYAP
2.GOVIND SONI

3. DALSAI BAGHEL

4. KARTIK BAGHEL

23 KARAMJEET KARTIK 12 ACRE ST 8889564148

MARKAAM BAGHEL
1. GOVIND RAM

2.LALIT NAG
 3. SUKRRAM KASHYAP

4. SONADHAR
KASHYAP
Group No.5

24 KHEMESHWAR DALSAI BAGHEL 6 ACRE ST 7587878089

KASHYAP
1. LALIT NAG

2. SUKRRAM
KASHYAP
3.SONADHAR
KASHYAP
4. KARTIK BAGHEL

25 MAHENDRA GHASSU 6 ACRE ST 7089433463

SAHU KASHYAP
1.RADHAKRISHNAN
SONI
2. D.R.SONA

3.DURJA MOURYA

4.DRAMDEV
MOURYA
26 MAHESHWAR RAM VILAS DAS 1 ACRE ST 7587400273
. KASHYAP
1. BUDHRU
KASHYAP
2.GHASSU
KASHYAP
3.DRAMDEV ``
MOURYA
4.RADHAKRISHNAN
SONI
27 MAYANAND DURJU MOURYA 6 ACRE ST 6263887629
. JAGDE
1.RAM VILAS DAS

2.D.R. SONA

3.DURJA MOURYA

4.GHASSU
KASHYAP
28 Mo. SOHEL RADHAKRISHNA 1.5 ACRE ST 8827680809
. RIZVI N SONI
1.D.R. SONA
 2.DURJA MOURYA

3.GHASSU
KASHYAP
4.DRAMDEV
MOURYA
29 MOHAN DRAMDEV 3.5 ACRE ST 8253022795
. KASHYAP MOURYA
1.RAM VILAS DAS

2.DURJU MOURYA

3.GHASSU
KASHYAP
4.RADHAKRISHNAN
SONI
30 MUKTA D.R. SONA 2.5 ACRE ST 7974091454
. RAJPUT
1.RAM VILAS DAS

2.GHASSU
KASHYAP
3.DURJU MOURYA

4.DALSAI BAGHEL

Group No. 6
31 NAVEEN SUMARU 2.5 ACRE ST
. KUMAR MOURYA
1.DHARMENDRA
BAGHEL
2.LAGHU KASHYAP

3.BOOTI KASHYAP

4.BALI MOURYA

32 NESH KUMAR SANTOSH DAS 3ACRE ST

.
1. DHARMENDRA
BAGHEL
2. BALI MOURYA

3. BOOTI KASHYAP

4. SUMARU MOURYA

33 NILANJANA LAGHU 15 ACRE ST 8717995904

. SARVA KASHYAP
1.BALI MOURYA

2.BOOTI KASHYAP
 3.DHARMENDRA
BAGHEL
4.SANTOSH DAS

34 POOJA BALI MOURYA 3.5 ACRE ST 9399093516

. CHANDEKAR
1.LAGHU KASHYAP

2.SUMARU MOURYA

3.BOOTI KASHYAP

4.DHARMENDRA
BAGHEL
35 PRADEEP DHARMENDRA 3 ACRE ST
. PANDEY BAGHEL
1.BALI MOURYA

2.SANTOSH DAS

3.BOOTI KASHYAP

4. LAGHU KASHYAP

36 RAJNANDANI BOOTI 3 ACRE ST

. VASHNAV KASHYAP
1.SAMARU MOURYA

2.BALI MOURYA

3.DHARMENDRA
BAGHL
4.LAGHU KASHYAP

Group no.07

37 SHATVISHA ANIL BAGHEL 1.5 ACRE ST

. NAYAK
DHARMU RAM
KASHYAP
KAMLU NAG

DAYA SETHIYA

KHAIR DAS

38 SOUMYA DAYA 3 ACRE SC 7898360947

. DEWANGAN SETHIYA
ANIL BAGHEL

KAMLU NAG

DHARMU RAM
KASHYAP
PITAMBAR MOHARE
39 SUCHARITA KHAIR DAS 3 ACRE OBC
. SETHI
1.DAYA SETHIYA

2.KAMLU NAG

3.ANIL BAGHEL

4.DHARMU RAM
KASHYAP
40 SUMITRA KAMLU NAG 5 ACRE OBC 8966825748
. POYAM
PITAMBER MOHARE

ANIL BAGHEL

DAYA SETHIYA

KHAIR DAS

41 SURAJ DHARMU RAM 2.5 ACRE GEN 9907755656

. KUMAR KASHYAP
VISHWAKAR
MA
1.KHAIR DAS 2.5 ACRE ST

2. DAYA SETHIYA 1 ACRE ST

3.ANIL BAGHEL 2.5 ACRE ST

4. KAMLU NAG 2 ACRE ST

42 SUNITA PITAMBAR 2.5 ACRE ST 9644869311

. POTAI MOHARE
1. DIKESH KU. NAG 2.5 ACRE GEN

2.SHAMARU BAGHEL 1 ACRE ST

3.BUTIRAM BAGHEL 2.5 ST

ACRE
4. DHARAM BAGHEL 1 ACRE ST

Group No.08

43 SUSHMA SUNIL 2.5 ACRE ST

. GOTI KASHYAP
1. BUDHARU KASHYAP 2.5 ACRE

2. RAJENDRA 2.5 ACRE

KASHYAP
3. CHAITU KASHYAP 2.5 ACRE

4. DAYAL RAM 1 ACRE

KASHYAP
44 SWADHA LAKSHMAN 3 ACRE OBC
. PARIHAR KASHYAP
 1. CHAITU KASHYAP 3 ACRE

2.`SUNIL KASHYAP

3. DAYAL RAM
KASHYAP
4. RAJENDRA
KASHYAP
45 TARU N BUDHARU 2 ACRE ST 6264839657
. PATEL KASHYAP
1.LAKSHMAN GEN
KASHYAP
2. CHAITU KASHYAP ST

3. SUNIL KASHYAP ST

4. DAYAL RAM ST
KASHYAP
46 TUKESHWAR CHAITU 3 ACRE ST 9770096199
. SAHU KASHYAP
1. DAYAL RAM 5 ACRE ST 7999247191
KASHYAP
2. BUDHARU KASHYAP 3 ACRE ST

3.LAKSHMAN 3.5 ACRE ST

KASHYAP
4. CHAITU KASHYAP 2.5 ACRE ST

47 VED RAJENDRA ST
. PRAKASH KASHYAP
1. SUNIL KASHYAP 2.5 ACRE ST

2. RAJENDRA GEN GEN

KASHYAP
3. DAYAL RAM 1 ACRE ST
KASHYAP
4. LAKSHMAN
KASHYAP
48 VED SHREE DAYALRAM 4.5 ACRE ST
. KASHYAP
1. CHAITU KASHYAP 4 ACRE OBC

2. BUDHARU KASHYAP 1 ACRE ST

3. RAJENDRA 2 ACRE ST
KASHYAP
4. SU NIL KASHYAP 2.5 ST
ACRE
Group No.09

49 VINITA LACCHIN ST
. DARRO MOURYA
1. BATTI KASHYAP

2. PURAN BAGHEL ST
 3. SULKHDEV MOURYA

4. PURAN BAGHEL 2 ACRE

50 VIRENDRA SUKHDEV 1 ACRE ST

. RATHOR MOURYA
1.BATTI KASHYAP 2.5 ACRE ST

2.LACCHIN MOURYA 2.5 ACRE GEN

3.D.SUNIL BAGHEL 6 ACRE ST

4.PURAN BAGHEL 1.2 ACRE ST

51 YOGESH D.SUNIL 6 ACRE ST 7898106911

. PATEL BAGHEL
1.SUKHDEV MOURYA 1.5 ACRE 9407643575

2.LACCHIN MOURYA 5 ACRE ST 9907755808

3.BATTI KASHYAP 1.8 ACRE 7879566113

4.SUDHARU NAG 2ACRE ST 8120226730

52 YESH KUMAR PURAN 1 ACRE

. BAGHEL
1. D.SUNIL BAGHEL

2.SANTOSH DAS

3. SUDHARU NAG 1.8 ACRE 7879566113

4.DHARMU RAM 2 ACRE 8120226730

53 YOGITA BATTI 2 ACRE ST 8120226730

. BALMIKI KASHYAP
1. SANTOSH DAS 6264762096

2.DURJU MOURYA 1.8 ACRE ST 7876566113

3. MAHESH BISAI 3 ACRE 8817388376

4.PURAN SINGH 6 ACRE ST 7898105911

BAGHEL
54 YOSOBANTA SUDHARU NAG
BEHRA
1.LACCHAN MOURYA

2.BATTI KASHYAP

3.D.SUNIL BAGHEL

4.PURAN BAGHEL

Group No.10
54 LALIT DEO MUNA DAS 18 ACRE ST 7879566113
.
 1.HARIRAM DAS ST 8120226730

2.RUTTU RAM 2 ACRE ST

KASHYAP
3.RAM LAL MOURYA 6 ACRE ST

4.SAMLU KASHYAP 3 ACRE

55 KUNAL HARIRAM DAS ST 5 ACRE

. AGNIWANSHI
1.MUNNA DAS 1.5 ACRE

2.SAMLU KASHYAP ST 18 ACRE

3.RAM LAL MOURYA ST 2 ACRE

4.RUTTU RAM 3 ACRE

KASHYAP
56 ASTIK SINHA RUTTU RAM 0.5 ACRE ST 9691535538
. KASHYAP
1.SAMLU KASHYAP 0.15 ST
ACRE
2.MUNNA DAS 2 ACRE ST

3.HARI RAM DAS 18 ACRE ST

4.RAM LAL MOURYA 3 ACRE 8817388376

57 KAPIL RAMLAL 8 ACRE

. SARDAR MOURYA
1. HARIRAM DAS 4 ACRE

2. SRUTTU RAM 3 ACRE

KASHYAP
3.SAMLU KASHYAP 2 ACRE

4.MUNNA DAS 18 ACRE

58 GOPAL SAMLU 5 ACRE 8349399500

. SARKAR KASHYAP
1. MUNNA DAS 5 ACRE 9907755808

2.RAMLAL MOURYA 3 ACRE ST 7879566113

3. HARIRAM DAS 18 ACRE ST

4.RAMLAL MOURYA 3 ACRE

8. Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA):
WHAT IS PRA?
 PRA is a semi structured & systematic approach of assessing & understanding
particular or village situation with the participation of rural people & through the eyes
of people.
 A growing family of approaches and methods to enable local people to share
enhances and analyses their knowledge of life and conditions, to plan, to act, to
monitor and evaluate.
 An intensive systematic but semi structured learning experience carried out in a
community by a multi-disciplinary team which includes community members.
 The process of involving local people in the analysis and interpretation of rural
situation.

Why PRA?
 Take into account the rich experience of rural people.
 Ensure observation of micro-environments.
 Develop a sense of ownership.
 Avoid biases.
 Develop a system of information about the rural situation within the shortest period of
time.
 Economic considerations.

How PRA?
Beginning:-
 Meet the villagers with open and frank mind.
 Tell them who are you and why you have come here.
 Ask about their well being.
 Discuss about their crops/animal condition to build
 Rapport with them.
 Show full interest.
 Always select a common a place for interview.

Purpose of PRA:-
 To develop a local perspective by becoming more responsive to local.
 To involve a methodology which could provide timely and cost-effective
information?
 PRA is good technique to understand local environment local people, local condition,
local problems, local needs and local priorities.
 It is used to know villagers/farmers criteria, choices and preferences.
 To learn indigenous technology.
 To analyses local problems, conditions and resources.
 To have direct contact with the people for planning, execution and evaluation of
programmes for development.

Participatory Extension:-
Participatory extension provides a framework for extension personnel to participate
with village communities in facilitating development planning and activity implementation.
This approach is seeking maximum participation from women and men from all groups
within the target village community.

Major advantages of Participation:-

 Efficiency
 Coverage
 Effectiveness
 Sustainability
 Self-reliance

Definition:-
 Participation includes people‟s involvement in decision-making process, in
implementing programmes, their sharing in benefits of development programmes and
their involvement in efforts to evaluate such programmes (Cohen and Up off, 1977).
 Community participation is an active process by which beneficiary or client groups
influence the direction and execution of a development project with a view to
enhancing their well-being in terms of income, personal growth, self-reliance or other
values they chearish (Paul, 1987).

Steps in participatory approaches

 Rapport building
 Consultations with villagers and outsiders
 Secondary data collection
 Diagnosis
 DIY (Do-It-Yourself)
 Training of trainers

Different participatory approaches:-

 Rapid Rural Appraisal (RRA)
 Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA)
 Participatory Learning Methods (PALM)
 Agro-Ecosystem Analysis (AEA)
 Participatory Action Research (PAR)
 Participatory Assessment, Monitoring and Evaluation (PAME)
 Farming System Research (FSR)
 Participatory Rural Appraisal and Planning (PRAP)

Distinguishing features of participatory rural appraisal (PRA):-

 Closed to open
• Measurement to comparison
• Individual to group
• Democracy of the ground Verbal to visual
• Higher to lower
• Reserve to Rapport
Principles of PRA:-
• Listening and learning
• Offsetting biases
• Utilization of precious community time
• Seeking diversity
• Triangulation / Cross checking
• Optimal ignorance and appropriate imprecision
• Multi-disciplinary team
• Handing over the stick
• Self-critical awareness
• Use your best judgments

Participatory Tools and Techniques:-

PRA is not a panacea and would not solve all the problems in the world, but it does
open up some ways of trying to tackle these challenges (Chambers, 1997).

A number of methods are in use. New methods and improvisations are being constantly
added to the list of the PRA methods. PRA methods can be broadly classified into three
categories namely space, time and relationship methods. Each of the categories in turn has a
number of other methods which have their own strengths and limitations.
Types of PRA Methods:-

- Social and
Resource Map
- Participatory
Modeling Method
SPACE - Mobility map
RELATED -Services

TIME
PRA Participatory Census
RELATED
Method
- Timeline
RELATION Trend Analysis
METHOD Historical transect
Seasonal diagram

Cause-effect, Impact, systems,

network Diagram, Process
Map, Well-being Ranking,
Venn diagram, Pair-wise
ranking, Matrix ranking, FF
Analysis, Pie, Livelihood
analysis, Spider Diagram,
body Mapping
9. 1 Social Map
Social mapping is perhaps the most popular method in PRA. For many, it is
synonymous with PRA itself. It seeks to explore the spatial dimensions of people‟s realities.
The focus here is on the depiction of:
 Habitation pattern and the nature of housing
 Social infrastructure: roads, drainage system, schools, drinking water facilities etc.

Application
 Developing a comprehensive understanding of the physical and social aspects of village
life.
 Collecting demographic and other required information house-hold wise.
 Providing a forum of discussion in which to unravel the various aspects of social life.
 Serving as a guiding instrument during the process of planning intervention.
 Serving as a monitoring and evaluation tool.

Conclusion
 Dominant population of Gudra Marenga are tribals (STs).
 Gudra Marenga has 2 Anganbadi , 1 Primary Health Care Centre .
 Mainly semi-kaccha house is present .
 Distance of National highway from village is around 1 km.
 Govt. nursery, mulberry silk production centre and dordarshan Kendra are also located
in village.
9.2. Resource Map
It is also one of the most commonly used PRA methods next to social map. While the
social map focuses on habitation, communication facilities, roads, temples etc, the resource
map focuses on the natural resources in the locality and depicts land, hills, rivers, fields,
vegetation etc.

Application
 Topography, terrain and slopes
 Forest, vegetation and tree species
 Soil type, fertility, erosion and depth
 Water, water-bodies, irrigation sources, rivers and drainage
 Watershed development, various soil and water conservation measures, denuded areas
etc.
 Agricultural development, cropping pattern, productivity etc.

Conclusion
 Major source of water are
 For irrigation purpose(Koyar nala, borewell , tubewell , pond.)
 For drinking purpose ( Hand pump , borewell .)
 Information about the vegetation of the village Gudra Marenga :
 Rice Field, Grassland, Forest cover, Sugarcane Field
 Cropping pattern of the village – Double cropping (Rice and wheat/ vegetables.)
 Tamarind tree as an important source of income.
9.3. Mobility Map
Mobility map is a PRA method to explore the movement pattern of an individual, a
group or a community. The focus is on where people go and for what. Other aspects of
movement like the frequency of visits, distance and the importance of the places visited may
also be studied.

Application
 Understanding the mobility pattern of the local people- where they go and for what.
 Increasing gender sensitivity and awareness by using them for highlighting the
difference between the mobility pattern of men and women.
 Evaluation of the impact of certain interventions in terms of their effects on mobility
pattern.
 Planning for interventions and projects

Conclusion
 Anganwadi, primary,middle and high school are available in village.
 Hospital, railway station, bus stand and bank are near to village in jagdalpur.
 All facilities are available under 18 km distance.

9.4. Services and Opportunity Map

A services and opportunities map may appear similar to a mobility map in many ways.
Here, however, the focus is on the availability of services and opportunities while in the latter,
the focus is on the places local people visit. It is used to explore the spatial realities of the local
people with specific reference to local people‟s perception of the services and opportunities
available.

Application
 Understanding the mobility pattern of the local people- where they go for Services and
Opportunity
 Planning for interventions and projects.

Conclusion:-
 People migrate to nursery, ricemill, kosa centre , steel industry, and hospital for
their earnings.
 Bus service , and radiostation , colleges are different sevices and opportunities
available.
 KVK and FTC are different training opportunities for villagers.
9.5. Transect Walk: Bade Marenga
It provides a cross sectional representation of different agro-ecological parameters including
topography, land type, land usage, access, ownership, soil type, soil fertility, vegetation , crop,
problem, opportunities and solutions.

Application:
1. Appraisal of natural resources in terms of status, problems and potential.

2. Verification of issues raised during other PRA exercises particularly during social
mapping, natural resource mapping etc.

3. Planning of various interventions and checking the relevance of the

plannedinterventions.

4. Monitoring and evaluation of the interventions and projects.

Conclusion:
 Major source of water are Koyar nala, ponds, borewells and river.
 Crops are decided on the basis of topography.
 In low land and midland area there is potential for high productivity.
 In upland there is problem of water scarcity.
  Major plant species are tamarind, mango, guava, cashew etc.
 Ownership of land is of Government and people.
 Land is mainly utilized for cropping and dwelling purpose.

9.6. Time Line

Time line is an important PRA method quiet commonly used to explore the temporal
dimensions from a historical perspective. Time line captures the chronology of events as
recalled by local people. It is drawn as a sequential aggregate of past events. The important
point is that it is not the history as such but the events of past as perceived and recalled by the
local people themselves.

Application
 To learn from the community what they consider to be important past events
 To understand from the community the historical perspective on current issue
 To generate discussions on changes with respect to issues of our interest, e.g. education,
health, food security etc.
 To develop a rapport with the villagers since a discussion about the past of the villages
can be a good non-threatening and enjoyable starting point.

Conclusion
 In 1950 primary school was established in Gudra Marenga .
 In proceeding years panchayat and anganbadi were established.
 In recent years roads, and tube wells were formed.
 IFS model was established in 2018.
 NADEP tanks were established in almost each home by KVK in 2018.
 Mushroom production unit establishment is ongoing.

9.7. Trend Analysis of Natural Resources and Agriculture

 It is a popular PRA method used to explore temporal dimensions with a focus on
changes. It captures changes and trends related to certain variables over different spans of time.
It is thus people‟s account of the past and how things have changed and hence also provides a
historical perspective.

Application
 Learn from the community as to how they perceive changes overtime in various
areas/aspects of their lives.
 Discuss village problems and any increase or decrease in the severity of the problems
over the years rather than asking direct questions.
 Understanding people‟s perception of not only the past but also of the shape of things
to come in the near or distant future with or without intervention
.

Conclusion
 Fertilizer consumption is increased in recent year.
 Crop diversification has increased in last decade.
 Amount of rainfall is gradually decreased.
 Forest cover and forest produce decreased.
 Agricultural work and technologies were found increasing in recent years.
9.8. Seasonal Diagram
Seasonal diagram is also called seasonal calendar, seasonal activity profile and seasonal
analysis. Seasonal diagram has been popularly for temporal analysis across annual cycles, with
months or seasons as the basic unit of analysis. It reflects the perceptions of the local people
regarding seasonal variations on a wide range of items.

Application
 Seasonal diagram helps to identify heavy workload periods, periods of relative ease,
credit crunch, diseases, food security, wage availability, variations in amount of rain
fall, availability of residual moisture, availability of minor forest product, migration
pattern etc.
 It is useful in project planning, i.e. when to implant various

Conclusion
 Seasonal diagram shows the annual cycles of different parameters.
 Describes the annual activity of the people of the village.
 Migration was found during April –May and Sept – Oct.
 Highest income was found during Nov- Dec and April –May.

9.9. Daily Activity Schedule of Man and Woman in Farmers Family

 Daily activity schedule, also referred to as daily schedule, daily activity profile, daily
routine and 24- hour method, is a popular PRA method used to explore the activities of an
individual, group or community on a daily basis.

Application
 Enhance an understanding of who does what, when and for how long in the community
 Increase gender sensitization and create awareness about who is responsible for what
activities in the community and why
 Finalize timings of interventions, e.g. training classes, literacy classes, non-formal
education etc. for the target group, based on their convenience and availability of le

Conclusion
 This tools shows daily activity and their free time in the farmers family at village
 Farmers started their routine activity related to agriculture in the morning at 7:00am
.
 Farmwomen started their routine activity related to house hold early in the morning
at 5.00am.
 Farm workers are free from 12.00-3.00 pm.
 Men‟s are free from 5.00 pm onwards.
 Women‟s are free from 7.00 pm onwards.

9.10. Cause Effect Diagram

 Cause effect diagram, also known as fishbone diagram, is a popular PRA method which
focuses on the causal factors of a phenomenon, activity, or problem, and the effects thereof.
Application
 To study and analyze the problems of a wide range of areas including illiteracy, the
dropout rate of children from the school, alcoholism, status of women, migration, low
productivity, food in-security, etc.
 To identify the causes and effects of a problem and thereby to plan to resolve the
problems.

Conclusion
 There are 16 causes identified for the study in cause effect tools of PRA technique.
 On the basis of this tool we prepare an ideal plan for integrated development.
 Major problems of village is
 High consumption of alcohol.
 Lack of knowledge of implement use and its adoption.
 Lack of skilled and trained labours.

9.11. Spider Diagram Genders Role

Spider diagram is also referred to as cobweb diagram, participation wheel or evaluation
wheel. It is a visual method, often used to show the relative performance of a group or
individual on a range of dimensions which are components of an overall issue. This diagram is
useful when we are interested in showing the performance of an individual, group or
programme, etc., on a number of indicators. Each arm of the diagram represents one aspect.

Application
 Evaluation of the performance of a group or individual on various indicators.
 Comparison of the performance of more than one group on various indicators.
Performance of one group/groups or individual/s over a period of time on different
indicators.
 Participatory evaluations of development projects.
 Evaluation of participatory development project
t

CONCLUSION
 There are 8 major activity selected for Genders role in this village which is very
important in this area.
 Major role of man in village –Gudra Marenga are Community decision, Employment
community work, Political participation, Household decisions and Education
 Major role of women in Village – Gudra Marenga are Domestick work, Household
decision &Economic activity
9.12. Venn Diagram
Venn diagram is one of the commonly used methods in PRA to study institutional
relationship and is sometimes also referred to as institutional diagram. It is however popularly
known as “Chapati diagram” as it uses circles of various sizes to represent institutions or
dividuals.

Application
 Various institutions and individuals and their influence on local people.
 The main actors in the community and their conspicuous and inconspicuous influence.
 Relative importance and usefulness of services and programmes.
 People‟s perception about diseases and their prevalence.

Conclusion
 Diagram indicates the government institutions of the village.
 All the necessary facilities are known.
 Largely distanced circle – No or little contact.
 KVK
 Veterinary hospital
 Krishi Kendra.
  Closely distanced circle: More contact
 Panchayat
 Aganwadi
 Market
 Hospital
 Doordarshan Kendra
 Grocery

9.13. MATRIX RANKING

The matrix ranking have been done with respected to agriculture horticulture animal
husbandry to know about the preferences of the villagers about various innovations available
and adopted by them.

S. No. Factors Crops

Paddy Sugarcane Maize Urd

01 High yield 5 4 5 4

02 High income 5 4 3 4

03 Food necessity 5 1 2 2

04 Low input 3 4 2 4

05 Comfortable for selling 4 4 4 2

06 Max. profit 5 3 4 2

07 Useful for animal 5 3 4 2

Total 31 24 23 21

Rank 1st 2nd 3rd 4th

Cropping Pattern of Bade Marenga (previous year)

Season Crop Rainfed area ( Irrigated area Average yield (q/ha.)
hac.) (hac.)
Rainfed Irrigated
Kharif Rice 180 3.0 35 40
Maize 15.71 - 65 -
Til 8 - 10 -
Horse gram 5 - 8 -
Vegetable 10 4.29 110 120
Moong 2 - 10 -
Sub Total 222.71 7.29 247 160
Rabi Mustard 1.1 - 6 -
Chickpea 3.2 - 12 -
Vegetable 2.99 4.30 90 130
Sub Total 7.29 4.30 108 130
Summer Fallow - - - -
Total 292.4 11.59 355 290

Applications
 Matrix ranking describes the priority and habitat of the people of village.
 Helps the Government to for policy making.

Conclusion
 Rice is the major staple crop cultivated in the village because it can be cultivated in any
topography and it s major food and fodder, comfortable for selling.
 Amaranthus is a choice food for villagers.
 Sugarcane is grown because they get income annually from it.
 Helps in ranking of the crop cultivated in the village.
9. MAJOR EXTENSION ACTIVITIES CONDUCTED IN THE ADOPTED
VILLAGE
The Extension Programmes are helping the farmers for the understanding about the
different “agricultural technologies‟”, methodologies and actual scientific background of the
current agricultural policies.
The following major extension activities are conducted in the adopted village –Gudra
Marenga among the farmers:

A.SPECIAL DAY CELEBRATION

1. Hareli festival celebration
 Name of activity - HARELI FESTIVAL CELEBRATION
 Date - 11.AUG.2019(new moon day of sarvana amavasya)
 Place – S.G. College of Agriculture and Reasearch Station , Kumrawand
 Objectives – To understand the importantance of environment through
festival celebration
 Activities -- Following activities :
o Establishment and worship of “Kutki dai” at college
campus
o Worshipping farmer‟s equipment and cattles
o Placing of Bhelwa tree on their respective field .
o Playing „gedi‟ with childrens.

Fig.: Celebrating Hareli Festival

2. WORLD COCONUT DAY CELEBRATION”
Date : 02.SEPT.2019

On the presence of honorable Chief Guests – Shri Dr. H.C. Nanda (Dean of Shaheed
Gundadhur college of agriculture,Jagdalpur),& Shri Ajay singh kushwaha(Dy. Director of
Horticulture dept.), World coconut day was celebrated at Seminar hall of Shaheed
Gundadhur College of Agriculture & Research Station, Jagdalpur on 02.09.19. The main
objective of this event was to aware farmers about the cultivation of coconut as commercial
crop and distribution of planting materials of locally developed variety-“Kerra-Bastar”. This
event was coordinated by Dr. H.K. Patre and hosted by Dr. Madan Lal Kurre. Event was
highlighted by presence of following scientists who gave key speech for successful cultivation
of coconut in Bastar plateau:

Scientist Name Department Details(Key speech) :

Dr. H.C. Nanda(Dean) Academics  Benefits of Coconut
(Dean of SGCARS,  Vitamins and minerals in coconut
Jagdalpur)  Aesthetic value

Dr. A.K. Thakur Agronomy  Importance of commercial production of

coconut
 Intercropping through plants such as
cinnamon, black pepper, guava, bottle
gourd ,tuber crops such as yam, ginger,
turmeric, and medicinal crops

Dr. Beena singh Nair Horticulture  Suitable climate for cultivation of coconut
in Bastar,
 Comparison of climatic condition in
coastal area and Bastar plateau
 Production ratio and reasons for produce
deficit

Dr. Manish Kumar Agronomy  Importance of green manuring for

cultivation practice.
 Details about green manuring plants such
as Dhaicha,Sunhemp

Dr. N.C. Mandavi Entomology  Major insect-pest of coconut

 Disease related to pest infestation like
Rhinoceros beetle, Red spider mites, etc.

Dr. Rajaram Bhawar Plant pathology  Disease due to pathogenic attack

 Details on – Stem bleeding, wilt and leaf
spot, Bacterial attack-
Pseudomas,Bacillus,etc.

Dr. T.P. Chandrakar Soil Science  About compost and composting methods-
NADEP compost
 Dr. P.K. Salam with Dr.Beena singh presenting Students interacting with farmers and
momentum to Shri Ajay singh Kushwaha encouraging them for coconut farming

EVENT SUMMARY:

On this occasion, local farmers and traders were invited and prominent farmer such as Bhalu
joshi and coconut trader- Kotershwar Rao shared their experiences. Later farmers were
provided with coconut plants for free of cost to promote its cultivation. On behave of AICRP in
Coconut following scientists were present –

1. Dr. P.K. Salam(Project Instructor)

2. Dr. Beena singh Nair
3. Rajesh Patel(JRF-Coconut)

NOTABLE ACHEIVEMENTS OF S.G.C.A.R.S., JAGDALPUR:

 Released varieties:

o Kerra Bastar, Production: 60-120 nuts per year

o Dwarf variety – “Gutami Ganga”
3. Parthenium day:

 Name of activity - Awareness program of parthenium day

 Date - 22/08/2019
 Place – S.G. College of Agriculture and Reasearch Station , Kumrawand
 Objectives – Eradication of parthenium
 Activities - Conducted exhibitions and informative discussion on
parthenium.

4. CELEBRATION OF GANDHI JAYANTI -“SWACHHA BHARAT

MISSION”
 Name of activity - CELEBRATION OF GANDHI JAYANTI
 Date - 02.10.2019
 Place – S.G. College of Agriculture and Reasearch Station , Kumrawand
 Objectives – Celebrating Gandhi jayanti by cleaning college campus
 Activities - Cleaning college campus on cleanliness and sanitation.
Awareness about importance of cleanliness
Visit to nearby places of Gudra Marenga:-

1. VISIT TO VILLAGE PANCHAYAT

 Name of Place - Karyaley – Gram Panchayat Bade Marenga
 Date – 21/11/2018
 Place – Bade Marenga
 Activities – Collected information and knew about the village

2. VISIT TO VILLAGE KOSA CENTRE

 Name of Place – Sehtoot krimi palan prashetra ,Bade Marenga
 Date – 06/09/2019
 Place – Bade Marenga
 Activities – knew the method of silkworm of silkworm rearing and observed the wokers
in mulberry silkworm production , discussed about the selling of silk in market .
Table No.14: Major activities conducted among the adopted farmers

S.NO. Particular Conduct Date No. of

activities benefited
farmers on
these occasion
No. of
benefited
farmers on
these occasion

1. Demonstration 30/07/2019 Line transplanting of

Rice

23/08.2019 Raised Bed Nursery

12 /09/2019 Air Layering In

Guava& citrus

11/09/2019 Nursery raising in

Cocopit
09/10/2019 Mulching in
horticultural crops
27/08/2019 Bordeaux Paste

30/10/2019 Staking in
bittergourd
21/10/2019 Staking in tomato
28/09/2019 Activated Compost
Medhod
17/09/2019 Mushroom
Production

2. TRAINING 04/10/2019 Nursery raising in

polythene bags
29/09/2019 Training And
Pruning In Citrus

19/09/2019 Stacking In curcubits

21/10/2019 Transplanting of
brinjal
17/09/2019 Mushroom
Production

12/09/2019 Air Layering In

 Guava & citrus‟

3. FIELD VISIT 19/08//2019 With Dr. R.R.

Bhawar and
Dr.Yashpal Nirala to
study disease
incidence and
severity.

26/08/2019 With Dr.Padmakshi

thakur to study about
planting tuber crop.

4. EXHIBITION 22/08/2019 On parthenium day

Varietal
demonstration of
upland rice

11. INDIGENOUS TECHNICAL KNOWLEDGE (ITKs)

S. ITKs Name Use

no
1 Ragda 1. For biasi and leveling operation
in rice field
2. Dhundgi 1.Paddy storage bin

3. Kukri guda 1.structure for hen to lay eggs

4. Pelna 1.Fishing instrument

5. Duti 1. For handling fish after fishing

6. Dandar 1.Fishing instrument

12. Problems faced by the adopted farmers in adoption of recommended
agricultural Production technology:
At our adopted village –Bademarenga we joined with them to know about their crop
production related problems. During RAWE Programmes we identified the problems of the
adopted farmers & tried to solve with them. Today various kinds of technologies are developed
which helps to the farmers for the better management of their crop production in per unit area
per
unit time.
IDENTIFICATION OF PROBLEMS:-
(A)Agricultural problem –
 Unavailability of labour
 Uneven distribution of rain water.
 Infestations of different diseases like brown spot of rice, blast of rice, sugarcane red rot,
mosaic of okra, leaf curl in chilli etc.
 Infestations of insects like leaf folder, stem borer, Brown plant hopper in rice, aphids in
cowpea, cabbage semilooper,fruit and shoot borer of brinjal etc.
 Fencing & weed problems like infestation of Parthenium, Mimosa etc.
(B) Economical problem –
 Poor economic condition of the small farmers.
 Absence of risk bearing ability of farmers.
 Small land holding of farmers.
(D) Educational problem –
 Illiteracy.
 Lack of knowledge.
 Lack of awareness about the scheme of government.
(E) Other problems –
 Lack of educated leader.
 Lack of improved storage facilities.
Because of the farmers were doing not adopting the new and better techniques of farming some
of the problems are as follows
Table No. 15: Distribution of farmers according to their problems in adoption
recommended agricultural technology.

Identified Problems Frequency Percent Rank

a) Labour Problem 6 10.16% 4

b) Lack of irrigation facilities 7 11.86% 2
c) Lack of awareness 3 5.08% 9
d) Smaller size of holdings 4 6.77% 8
e) Lack of technical knowledge 2 3.38% 12
f) Poor economic condition 5 8.47% 7
g) Inputs are not available in time 6 10.16% 5
h) Lack of interest in farming 8 13.56% 1
i) Hesitation to adopt new 7 11.86% 3
technology of the agriculture
j) Conflict among the people 2 3.38% 11
of village
k) Cattle grazing problems 3 5.17% 10
l) Marketing problems 6 10.16% 6
TOTAL 39 100

Table N0. 16: Suggestion offered by the adopted farmers to minimize the problems faced
by them.

S. No. SUGGESTIONS FREQUENCY PERCENT RANK

1. Provide improve seed 4 12.90 5
2. Provide us knowledge 8 25.80 1
improved technology

3. Provide us improved 6 19.35 3

agricultural
implement.

4. Organized different 6 19.35 4

training programmes
in our village.
5. Provide us subsidies 7 22.58 2
for agricultural operation.
TOTAL 31 100
Suggestions to the Farmer for solving important identified Problems by RAWE students:-
 From the Ag. University, KVK, RAEO etc. Should be motivated to the villagers and
explain the advantages about the education and different schemes about which govt.
provides to the students like lunch arrangement, free books distribution, free school
dress and scholarships etc.
 To encourage the farmer for water harvesting and how to recharge the bore wells water
level, and the purification of water by the chlorine.
 To suggest them about septic tank, and make the gutter to avoid the stability of rain
water on the road.
 To tell them about the importance of group discussion on their village problem and to
make the Choupal and organizations
 To give him suggestion how to improve the economical condition through different side
business like mushroom cultivation, making of brick, kitchen gardening etc.
 To conduct the demonstration on improved cultivation of crops, like selection of
improved varieties, seed treatment, use of balance fertilizer and proper storage etc.
 We suggested them that what is the importance of the new innovation on their farming
system.
 We also suggested them about the different govt. schemes and policies like Ag. Loans,
crop insurance, subsidy in the fertilizers and other Ag. Implements.
13. Information about adopted farmers according to their use of the
communication media

Table No. 17: Communication media of the adopted farmers: -

S. No. Communication media used for No. of farmers
programmes
1. RADIO 2
General programmes(listener) 3
Agriculture programme(listener 1
2. TELEVISION 5
General programmes(viewer) 6
Agricultural programmes(viewer) 2

3. NEWSPAPERS 20
Daily News (Readers) 10
Agricultural News (Readers)

Political News (Readers)

Other News (Readers)

4. MEGAZINES 3

General magazines‟ (readers) 2

Agricultural magazines‟ (readers) 1

Total 53 53

Abstract: -

Identification of Agricultural problem through PRA conducting the method

demonstration. Participation in Village Social work study of on going central/state sponsor
Rural
Development Extension Programme.

Conclusion: -
Performed conducts method of demonstration and identified agricultural problem in the
village and Collected information by visiting in the government institute of assigned village