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    Seizures Eeg Good

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    Hs
    1. An EEG measures cerebral electrical activity produced by extracellular current flow associated with excitatory and inhibitory postsynaptic potentials from pyramidal cells in the cerebral cortex. 2. EEG reflects the summation of postsynaptic potentials rather than individual action potentials. Postsynaptic potentials have lower voltage but larger distribution than action potentials. 3. Specific abnormal EEG waveforms like spikes, sharp waves, and spike-and-wave discharges can indicate a tendency toward seizures and help classify seizure disorders.

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    Seizures Eeg Good

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    Hs
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    1. An EEG measures cerebral electrical activity produced by extracellular current flow associated with excitatory and inhibitory postsynaptic potentials from pyramidal cells in the cerebral cortex. 2. EEG reflects the summation of postsynaptic potentials rather than individual action potentials. Postsynaptic potentials have lower voltage but larger distribution than action potentials. 3. Specific abnormal EEG waveforms like spikes, sharp waves, and spike-and-wave discharges can indicate a tendency toward seizures and help classify seizure disorders.

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    1. An EEG measures cerebral electrical activity produced by extracellular current flow associated with excitatory and inhibitory postsynaptic potentials from pyramidal cells in the cerebral cortex. 2. EEG reflects the summation of postsynaptic potentials rather than individual action potentials. Postsynaptic potentials have lower voltage but larger distribution than action potentials. 3. Specific abnormal EEG waveforms like spikes, sharp waves, and spike-and-wave discharges can indicate a tendency toward seizures and help classify seizure disorders.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    61 views21 pages

    Seizures Eeg Good

    Uploaded by

    Hs
    1. An EEG measures cerebral electrical activity produced by extracellular current flow associated with excitatory and inhibitory postsynaptic potentials from pyramidal cells in the cerebral cortex. 2. EEG reflects the summation of postsynaptic potentials rather than individual action potentials. Postsynaptic potentials have lower voltage but larger distribution than action potentials. 3. Specific abnormal EEG waveforms like spikes, sharp waves, and spike-and-wave discharges can indicate a tendency toward seizures and help classify seizure disorders.

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    of 21

    ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAM

    (EEG)
    The Source of EEG
    • The generator source is WITHIN the cerebral
    cortex by pyramidal cells. EEG is a measure of
    cerebral electrical activity
    • Electrical activity recorded is produced by
    extracellular current flow associated with
    summated excitatory and inhibitory
    postsynaptic potential.
    • EEG does not record individual action potentials.
    The Synaptic Potentials
    • Synaptic potentials have lower voltage value than
    the action potentials, but the resultant current has
    larger distribution
    • Post-synaptic potentials:
    • Longer duration
    • Larger amount of membrane surface areas
    EPSPs/IPSPs
    (Excitatory/Inhibitory Post-synaptic Potentials)
    • EPSP – produces a change in membrane
    permeability within a select portion of the cell
    membrane resulting in a net influx of +ve ions that
    depolarizes the cell
    • IPSP – selective activation of either Cl- or K+
    channels resulting in a net outward ionic current
    with hyperpolarization of the cell
    WHAT DOES AN EEG REFLECT?
    Spontaneous EEG activity occurs when currents flow
    across charged neuronal membranes. An EEG waveforms
    reflects the summation of PSPs

    Rhythmic and Arrhythmic EEG activity


    • When EEG waves are rhythmical, most of the cells
    within the given neuronal pool are behaving
    similarly.
    With arrhythmic activity, there is less correlation with
    individual cell behavior
    FACTORS AFFECTING EEG WAVEFORMS
    • Voltage of cortical discharge
    • Area involved in synchronous activity
    • Degree of synchrony
    • Location of the dipole generators in relation to the convolutions of
    the cortical mantle
    EEG vs SEIZURES
    • This test is particularly useful for recording uncontrollable, abnormal
    brain wave activity associated with epileptic seizures.
    • Doctors refer to some specific EEG patterns as ‘epileptiform
    abnormalities’ or ‘epilepsy waves’.
    • These EEG wave patterns consist of Spikes, Sharp Waves, and Spike-
    and-Wave discharges, Slow Waves etc.
    • They help to assist classification of a seizure disorder type.
    EEG WAVEFORMS
    • NORMAL / ABNORMAL?
    • ABNORMAL – SPECIFIC/NON-SPECIFIC?
    • NON-SPECIFIC – seen under conditions like trauma, stroke, brain tumor.
    Example: slowing
    • SPECIFIC – indicate tendency towards seizures.
    a.k.a EPILEPSY WAVES
    • Spikes
    • Sharp
    • Spike-and-waves
    • Polyspike
    • Polyspike-wave
    • Generally, partial seizures don’t last long, they end naturally on their
    own. Protect the patient from any harm until they are alert.
    • Epileptic discharges begin and remain unilateral, usually consisting of
    repetitive, rhythmic, sharp/slow waves.
    • An “aura” may occur. –warning before a seizure.

    EEG
    PARTIAL SEIZURES
    GENERALISED Absence seizures – Petit-mal seizures
    SEIZURES • Start and end abruptly, usually lasts <30s
    • Staring, unresponsive, frequent eye
    blinking, lip smacking

    Voltage often max in F-C regions Irregular slow spike-and-wave complexes


    Sudden onset of generalized spike-and-wave complexes No characteristic location
    TONIC-CLONIC
    • Tonic-clonic
    • Tonic – sudden stiffness of limb, lose balance and fall
    Lasts < 20s ; EEG: Rapid, high amplitude spikes
    • Clonic – Repetitive jerks of muscles
    Lasts longer ; EEG: rhythmic spike-wave matching the f of jerks
    Myoclonic
    • – Single jerks/ quick series of jerks (upper shoulders)
    EEG: High vol poly-spikes, last <1s, followed by slow-waves
    Can be rhythmic or non-rhythmic
    *Refer PBL EEG given*
    • Atonic – sudden loss of muscle tone
    • Eye drooping, head nodding, shoulders slumping
    • Severe form “drop attack”, last < 15s
    • EEG: irregular mixed waveforms. Intermittent desynchronized
    flattening/polyspikes

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