C10 Add Maths Answers Form 4 PDF

CHAPTER 10 INDEX NUMBERS
Inquiry 1 (Page 273)

4. (a) Construction, I = 388 × 100 = 89.40
434
Manufacturing, I = 253 × 100 = 33.64
752
Agriculture, I = 194 × 100 = 111.49
174
Farming, I = 268 × 100 = 62.04
432
Service, I = 649 × 100 = 241.26
174
(b) The factors that cause such a change::
• Government policies on hiring foreign workers change according to sector
• Focus on the development of the country changes from year to year
• Job vacancies in a sector always change according to year
• Accept suitable answers
(c) Implication of the entry of foreign workers to the country:
• Positive effects
° Increases the productivity of manufacturing
° Fasten the process of economic development of the country
° Fills the chronic vacancy of labour manpower
• Negative effects
° Badly affects the local citizens' sustenance because the foreign workers' wages are
far lower
° The entry of illegal immigrants brings social problems
° Local citizens have to share facilities that are provided by the government
with foreign workers
(d) Steps to overcome negative effects of the entry of foreign workers in this country:
• Laws of employment of foreign workers must take into consideration of the wages of
local citizens so that there is no competition for job opportunities
• The government needs to attract local workers to get involved with 3-D work (Dirty,
Dangerous, Demanding)
• Improvements in education and training for the 3-D job sector in vocational institutes
to the youth
• Separate the needs of foreign workers with local citizens so that there is no
competition in using facilities by organising facilities according to needs and
suitability by prioritising local citizens
1
Mind Challenge (Page 274)
Index numbers can give a value of 100. This situation happens when the value that is taken in
the current year is the same as the value that was taken last year. This means that there is no
increase or decrease in the current year compared to the base year.
Self Practice 10.1 (Page 275)

1. I = 61 956 × 100
75 376
= 82.20
The decrease in number of registered commercial vehicles is 17.80% in 2017 as compared
to 2015.
2. I = RM4 033 × 100
RM3 578
= 112.72
The increase in a family's monthly expenditure is 12.72% in 2017 as compared to 2014.
Q2016
3. 90.23 = × 100
720 440 105
Q2016 = 650 053 107 metric tonnes
4. p = 225 × 100
150
= 150
5. I2012/2011 = 95.8 × 100
101.4
= 94.48
2. (a) Conjecture: The cases of work accidents increase from year to year regardless of whether
the accident happened during the commute to work or at the workplace.
(b) The effect if the rate of work accident in our country increases:
• The safety and health standards of workers in Malaysia are not observed well by the
authorities
• The country loses skilled labour if work accidents are not controlled
• The implication is serious to workers such as loss of income, loss of life and
impairment of the body
(c) Causes of increase of work accidents in our country:
• The attitudes of employers of which they do not take the safety and health standards
seriously at the work place
• Lack of awareness amongst workers regarding safe commute to work
• Lack of specific training programs for accident reduction and safety
(d) Methods to reduce the rate of work accidents in our country:
• The government needs to make the accident reduction and safety programs
compulsory in the work place to all employers.
• Employers need to take responsibility to educate and implement awareness
programmes to workers
2
• Implementation of safety and health awareness programs as well as safe driving to and
from work
• Workers need to cooperate and comply with safety procedures and apply them at all
times
1. I = 140 × 100
125
= 112
2. I = 110 × 100
105
= 104.76
Intensive Practice 10.1 (Page 278)
1. I = 27.4 × 100
25.3
= 108.3
The increase of average temperature in town P is 8.3% on February 2017 as compared to
January 2017.
2. I2015/2012 = 120 × 100
130
= 92.31
The decrease in price for an item is 7.69% in 2015 as compared to 2012.
3.
80 = 0.40 × 100 y z = 1.00 × 100
x 140 = × 100 0.80
2.00
x= 0.40 × 100 140 × 2.00 = 125
80 y=
100
= 0.5 = 2.80
4.
p = RM5.80 × 100 q = RM7.65 × 100
RM5.80 RM5.80
= 100 = 131.90
r = RM7.80 × 100 s = RM7.30 × 100
RM5.80 RM5.80
= 134.48 = 125.86
5. I = 118 × 100
110
= 107.27
(120 × 30) + (127 × 15) + (108 × 50) + (107 × 5)
2. Average price index = 100
= 114.4
3. The role of percentage represents the value of importance for each material and is known as
the weightage. If this value of percentage is the same for all materials, then the composite index is
the composite index without weightage.
3
Mind Challenge (Page 280)
The composite index with weightages has a different value of weightage for each item while the
composite index without weightages has the same weightage for each item. The importance of
weightages in the calculation of composite index is to get the correct value of indices according to
their respective importance.
– 105 + 112 + 98
1. I =
3
= 315
3
= 105
136(3) + m(2) + 108(3)
2. 120 =
3+2+3
2m = 228
m = 114
Brainstorming (Page 282)
The decrease in nickel prices in 2018 only gives a small effect towards the total cost of the
manufacturing of steel because the percentage of nickel in the manufacturing of steel is very low and
the increase of steel and chromium prices in 2018 cannot be covered by the decrease in nickel prices.
1. (a)
IA = 2.10 × 100 IB = 1.56 × 100
1.40 1.50
= 150 = 104
IC = 1.92 × 100 ID = 5.58 × 100
1.60 4.50
= 120 = 124
– 150(10) + 104(20) + 120(40) + 124(30)
(b) I =
10 + 20 + 40 + 30
= 12 100
100
= 121
There is an increase of 21% for the prices of all items in 2016 compared to 2010.
(c) 121 = RM2.65 × 100

Q2010
Q2010 = RM2.19
Thus, the price of the roof tiles in 2010 is RM2.19.
2. (a)
a = 23.00 × 100 b = 12.00 × 100
20.00 8.00
= 115 = 150
c = 18.00 × 100 d = 100 – 8 – 12 – 20 – 27
16.00 = 33
= 112.5
4
– 120(8) + 115(12) + 150(20) + 112.5(27) + 130(33)
(b) I =
8 + 12 + 20 + 27 + 33
= 12 667.5
100
= 126.68
Q2019
(c)
c) 126.68 = × 100
RM35
= RM44.34
Thus, the price of the souvenir in 2019 is RM44.34.
(d) 110
Intensive Practice 10.2 (Page 283-284)

– 120(60) + 130(40)
1. I =
100
= 12 400
100
= 124
– 110(3) + 100(2) + 80(5)
2. I =
3+2+5
= 930
10
= 93
85(40) + 72(40) + 68(20)
3. = 76.4
100
150(10) + 140(40) + m(30) + 115(20)
4. (a) 133 =
10 + 40 + 30 + 20
30m = 3900
m = 130
– 150(10) + 126(40) + 130(30) + 138(20)
(b) I =
10 + 40 + 30 + 20
= 13 200
100
= 132
Q2023
(c) 132 = × 100
RM19.50
Q2023 = RM25.74
Thus, the cost of production of facial wash is RM25.74.
Mastery Practice (Page 285-287)

1. (a) 120 = 1.20 × 100 y z = 2.20 × 100
x 125 = × 100 2.00
0.80
x = 1.00 y = 1.00 = 110
– 110(4) + 125(1) + 100(2) + 120(3)
(b) I =
4+1+2+3
= 1 125
10
= 112.5
5
2. n = 122
m = RM6.05 × 100
RM5.00
= 121
P
3. (a) 2018 × 100 = 120
7.60
P2018 = RM9.12
– 90(50) + 160(30) + 120(10) + 140(10)
(b) I =
50 + 30 + 10 + 10
= 119
41 650 × 100 = 119
Q2015
Q2015 = 41 650 × 100
119
= 35 000
The cost of production in 2015 is RM35 000.
(c) 160 × 119 = 190.4
100
An increase of 90.4% from the year 2015 to the year 2020
4. (a) I2015/2005 = 0.722 × 100
1.126
= 64.12
(b) 83 = x × 100
1.126
x = 0.935 million tonnes
(c) I2020/2005 = 105 × 83
100
= 87.15
5. (a) RM10 × 100 = 125
RM8
The rate of increase from 2000 to 2015 is 25%. Thus the rate of price
increase from 2015 to 2020 is 50%.
x × 100 = 150
RM10
x = RM15
The price of the item in 2020 is RM15.
(b) RM15 × 100 = 187.5 or
atau 125 × 150 = 187.5
RM8 100
107(2) + 118(x) + 94(1) + 105(2x)
6. (a) 108 =
2 + x + 1 + 2x
108 = 308 + 328x
3 + 3x
324 + 324x = 308 +328x
4x = 16
x=4
– 128.4(2) + 118(4) + 94(1) + 94.5(8)
(b) I =
2+4+1+8
= 1 578.8
15
= 105.25
6
7. I2017/2015 = 145 × 100
109
= 133.03
8. p = 231 × 100 q = 156 × 100 r = 170 × 150
165 120 100
= 140 = 130 = 255
9. (a) Q2020 = 3.68 + 2(3.68 – 2.45)
= 6.14 million
(b) I = 6.14 × 100
3.68
= 166.85
The number of visitors in the year 2020 increases by 66.85% compared to the year of
2017
80x + 130y 80x + 140z
10. x+y = 120 x+z = 125
80x + 130y = 120x + 120y 80x + 140z = 125x + 125z
x = 1 x = 1
y 4 z 3
x:y=1:4 x:z=1:3
Thus, the ratio of x : y : z = 1 : 4 : 3.
P
11. (a) 2018 × 100 = 110
P2014
166 × 100 = 110
P2014
P2014 = 150.91
P2014
× 100 = 80
P2010
150.91 × 100 = 80
P2010
P2010 = 188.64
Thus, the price of the safety helmets is RM188.64 in 2010 and RM150.91 in 2014.
(b) 166
× 100 = 88
188.64
The percentage of decrease in price in 2010 compared to 2018 is 12%
12. (a) I = RM172.5 × 100

RM150
= 115
(b) I2020/2018 = 115 × 115
100
= 132.25
Q2020
132.25 = × 100
RM150
= RM198.38
Thus, the price for the service charge in 2020 is RM198.38.

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CHAPTER 10 INDEX NUMBERS

Inquiry 1 (Page 273)

Self Practice 10.1 (Page 275)

(c) 121 = RM2.65 × 100

Intensive Practice 10.2 (Page 283-284)

Mastery Practice (Page 285-287)

12. (a) I = RM172.5 × 100

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