20 Design and Drawing of Steel Structures

Let e = 35 mm and p = 50 mm.

35 50 400
kb is the smaller of ______, ______ – 0.5, ____, 1.0
3 × 22 3 × 22 410
i.e., kb = 0.5076
Design strength of bolts in bearing against 10.6 mm thick flange of I-section
1
= ____ × 2.5 × 0.5076 × 20 × 10.6 × 400
1.25
= 86088 N > Vdb.
\ Design strength of bolt in shear V = Vdb = 45272 N
Design tension capacity of bolt
0.90 fub An fyb Asb
Tdb = _________ < _____
gm gmo
p
240 × __ × 202
p 4
= 0.90 × 400 × 0.78 × __ × 202 < ____________
4 1.1
= 88216 < 68544.
\ Tdb = 68544 N
Using two rows of bolts, number of bolts required in each row,
_____

÷
6M
n = _____
(2V)p
Now, M = 400 × 150 kN-mm
= 400 × 150 × 103 N-mm.
_________________

\
÷
6 × 400 × 150 × 103
n = _________________ = 8.91
2 × 45272 × 50
Provide 9 bolts in each row as shown in Fig. 2.6.
h = 35 + 50 × (9 – 1) = 435 mm.
435
h ____
__ = = 62.14 mm
7 7
i.e., neutral axis lies between bolt nos. 1 and 2 counted from bottom.
\ y2 = 35 + 50 – 62.14 = 22.86 mm
Bolt No. 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
y 22.86 72.86 122.86 172.86 222.86 272.86 322.86 372.86

\ Syi = 1582.86 × 2 mm
Syi2 = 418188 × 2 mm2
22 Design and Drawing of Steel Structures

Design Shear Strength of Bolts

1
Vdsf = ____, mf ne kn Fo
1.25
mf = 0.48, ne = 1, kn = 1 for fasteners in clearance
p
Fo = Aub fo = 0.78 × __ × 242 × 0.7 × 800
4
= 197604 N
\ VdsF = 1/1.25 × 0.48 × 1 × 1 × 197604
= 75880 N
Since there are two rows of bolts in the connection, number of bolts required per row when p =
70 mm and taking V = Vdsf, we get
_____ __________________

÷ ÷
6M 6 × 600 × 1000 × 250
n = _____ = __________________ = 9.2
(2V)p 2 × 75880 × 70
Provide 10 bolts in each row with edge distance 40 mm as shown in Fig. 2.7.
Tensile capacity of bolts
1
= ____ × 0.9 fub Aub
1.25
1 p
= ____ × 0.9 × 800 × 0.78 × __ × 242
1.25 4
= 203250 N
When there is no load, the bracket is held on to the column by compression developed due to the
bolt tension. This phenomenon continues even after the load is applied. Hence, the interface of the
area 150 × 710 mm may be considered a plane in a monolithic beam. The stress diagram is shown
in Fig. 2.7.
6M 6 × 600 × 103 × 250
Max. bending stress = ___2 = _________________
bd 150 × 7102
= 11.9 N/mm2
70
Bending stress at 40 + ___ = 75 mm from top flange
2
355 – 75
= 11.9 × ________ = 9.39 N/mm2.
355
11.9 + 9.39
\ Average stress = __________ = 10.64 N/mm2
2
This average bending stress could be considered tension in the bolt.
\ Tension in extreme two bolts, 2Te = 10.64 × 150 × 75
 Bolted Connections 23

2Te = 119744 N.
\ Te = 59872 N
Prying Forces
Plate width = 150 mm. Plate thickness = 12 mm
150
lv = ____ – 6 – 8 – 40 = 21 mm.
2
where 8 mm is assumed thickness of weld
For the connecting plate, fu = 410 N/mm2, fy = 250 N/mm2
___________
÷1 × 0.7 × 410
\ lc = 1.1 × 12 × _____________ = 14.14 mm < edge distance
250
\ lc = 14.14 mm.
b = 1.0 for pretensioned bolts.
be = 150 mm, fo = 0.7, fub = 0.7 × 800 = 560 N/mm2
t = 12 mm.
\ Prying force Q is given by

lv
[ bn fo be t 4
Q = ___ Te – ________
2lc 27 lclv2 ]
21
[ 1.0 × 1.5 × 560 × 150 × 124
= ________ 59872 – _______________________
2 × 14.14 27 × 14.14 × 212 ]
= 32936 N
\ Total tensile force in the bolt
Tf = 59872 + 32936 = 92808 N
1
Tension capacity Tdf = ____ × 0.9 fub An
1.25
1 p
= ____ × 0.9 × 800 × 0.78 × __ × 242
1.25 4
= 203249 N
600 × 1000
Direct shear in the bolt = __________ = 30000 N
2 × 10

( ) ( ) Tf
) + ( _______
203249 )
2
Vsb
(
2
____ 30000 2 92808 2
\ + ___ = ______
Vdsf Tdsf 75880

= 0.365 < 1.0

Hence, OK.