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Tutorial Vector PDF

This document provides 28 problems related to vector concepts and their applications in physics. The problems cover topics like calculating the curl and divergence of vector functions, using vector identities like distributivity, proving vector operator identities like the curl of the gradient being zero, determining if vector fields are conservative, and evaluating line integrals.

Uploaded by

Ravi Nasit
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
128 views

Tutorial Vector PDF

This document provides 28 problems related to vector concepts and their applications in physics. The problems cover topics like calculating the curl and divergence of vector functions, using vector identities like distributivity, proving vector operator identities like the curl of the gradient being zero, determining if vector fields are conservative, and evaluating line integrals.

Uploaded by

Ravi Nasit
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Pandit Deendayal Petroleum University

School of Technology
Department of Sciences
Spring Semester 2012-13
PHYSICS (SC102)
Tutorial Sheet for Physical Interpretation of Vector concepts & Applications
r r r
1. If A = xz 3iˆ − 2 x 2 yzˆj + 2 yz 4 kˆ find ∇ × A (Curl of A) at a point (1, −1, 1).
2. Show that vector dot product and cross product are distributive if three vectors are coplanar.
3. Prove that ∇ × ( A + B ) = ∇ × A + ∇ × B
4. Prove that ∇ × (φA) = (∇φ ) × A + φ (∇ × A)
r r r
( )
5. Evaluate ∇. A × r if ∇ × A = 0
6. Prove (a) Curl grad φ = 0 and (b) div curl A = 0
r
7. Prove that ∇ × (∇ × A) = −∇ 2 A + ∇ ∇. A ( )
1
8. If v = ω × r , prove ω = (∇ × v ) , where ω is a constant vector.
2
9. Prove that the divergence of a curl is always zero
10. Prove that the curl of a gradient is always zero.
11. If A = 2 yziˆ − x 2 yˆj + xz 2 kˆ, B = x 2iˆ + yzˆj − xykˆ, φ = 2 x 2 yz 3 , find (a) ( A.∇ )φ , (b) A.∇φ , (c) (B.∇ )A ,
(d) ( A × ∇ )φ , (e) A × ∇φ
1 r
12. Prove that ∇ 2   = 0 , where r = xiˆ + yˆj + zkˆ
r
13. Calculate the divergence of the following vector function
va = x 2 xˆ + 3 xz 2 yˆ − 2 xzzˆ
vb = xyxˆ + 2 yzyˆ + 3 zxzˆ
vc = y 2 xˆ + (2 xy + z 2 ) yˆ + 2 yzzˆ
14. Prove (a) ∇.( A + B ) = ∇. A + ∇.B (b) ∇.(φA) = (∇φ ). A + φ (∇. A)
r
r 
15. Prove ∇. 3  = 0
r 
16. If ω is a constant vector and v = ω × r , prove that div v = 0.
17. Prove ∇ 2 (φψ ) = φ∇ 2ψ + 2∇φ .∇ψ + ψ∇ 2φ
r rr
18. If A = , find Grad div A.
r
19. Calculate the surface integral of v = 2 xzxˆ + ( x + 2) yˆ + y ( z 3 − 3) zˆ over five
sides excluding the bottom of a cubical box (Figure). Let upward and
outward be the positive direction as indicated by the arrows.
r r
20. If A = yz 2iˆ − 3 xz 2 ˆj + 2 xyzkˆ, B = 3 xiˆ + 4 zˆj − xykˆ and φ = xyz , find
r r r r r r
(a) A × (∇φ ) (b) A × ∇ φ ( ) ( )
(c) ∇ × A × B (
(d) B. ∇ × A )
21. Find the gradients of the following functions
f ( x, y , z ) = x 2 + y 3 + z 4
f ( x, y , z ) = x 2 y 3 z 4
f ( x, y, z ) = e x sin( y ) ln( z )
r r
22. Show that A = (6 xy + z 3 )iˆ + (3 x 2 − z ) ˆj + (3 xz 2 − y )kˆ is irrotational. Find φ such that A = ∇φ
d 2r
23. The equation of motion of a particle P of mass m is given by m = f (r )r1 , where r is the
dt 2
position vector of P with respect to the origin O, r1 is a unit vector in the direction of r and f(r) is
the function of the distance P from O.
r dr
(a) Show that r × = c , where c is a constant vector.
dt
(b) Interpret physically the case of f(r) < 0 and f(r) > 0

24. Let r be the separation vector from a fixed point (x’, y’, z’) to the point (x, y, z). Let r be the
length. Show that
r
( )
∇ r 2 = 2r
∇(1 / r ) = − rˆ / r 2
r r
25. If F = 3 xyiˆ − y 2 ˆj , evaluate ∫ F.dr , where C is curve in xy plane, y = 2x2, from (0,0) to (1,2).
C
r
26. If F is a conservative field, prove that ∇ × F = 0 , i.e., F is irrotational.
r
27. (a) Show that F = (2 xy + z 3 )iˆ + x 2 ˆj + 3 xz 2 kˆ is a conservative force field. (b) Find the work done in
moving a object in this field from (1, −2, 1) to (3, 1, 4).
r
28. If φ = 2 xyz 2 , F = xyiˆ − zˆj + x 2 kˆ and C is a curve x = t2, y = 2t, z = t3 from t = 0 to t = 1, evaluate the
r
line integral (a) ∫ φdr (b) ∫ F × dr
C C

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