Funkcijas ATVASINĀJUMS

Elementāra funkcija Salikta funkcija

Atvasināšanas likumi
y = f ( x) y = f (u) , kur u = g ( x )

1. ( a )′ = 0, a = const Summa un starpība:

(u + v − w)′ = u′ + v′ − w′
( x )′ = a ⋅ x
a a −1
, a = const ( u )′ = a⋅ u
a a −1
⋅ u′ , a = const
Reizinājums:
2. ( x )′ = ( x1 )′ = 1 ( u )′ = u ′
(u ⋅ v )′ = u′v + uv′
( x )′ = ( x )′ = ( x )′
n 1n a ( u)
n ′
= ( u )′ = ( u a )′
1n
(au)′ = a ⋅ u′ , a = const
(u ⋅ v ⋅ w)′ = u′vw + uv′w + uvw′
( a )′ = a x ln a , a = const
x
( a )′ = a u ln a ⋅ u′ , a = const
u

3. Dalījums:
( e )′ = e x
x
( e )′ = eu ⋅ u′
u ′
⎛ u ⎞ u′v − uv′
⎜ ⎟ = , v≠0
⎝v⎠ v2
( ln x )′ = ( ln u )′ =
1 1
⋅ u′ ′
x u ⎛u⎞ 1 ′
4. ⎜ ⎟ = u , a = const
⎝a⎠ a
( loga u )′ =
1
( loga x )′ =
1 ⋅ u′
u ln a ′
⎛a⎞ −1 ′
⎜ ⎟ = a (u )
x ln a
⎝u⎠
( sin x )′ = cos x ( sin u )′ = cos u ⋅ u′
5.
( cos x )′ = − sin x ( cos u )′ = − sin u ⋅ u′ PARAMETRISKI dotas funkcijas
⎧ x = x (t )
⎨ atvasinājums:
( tg x )′ =
1
( tg u )′ =
1
⋅ u′ ⎩ y = y (t )
cos2 x cos2 u
6.
yt′
⋅ ( y ′x )′t .
1
( ctg x )′ = − 2 ( ctg u )′ = − 2 ⋅ u′
1 1
y ′x = un y ′′xx =
sin x sin u xt′ xt′

( arcsin x )′ = ( arcsin u )′ =
1 1
⋅ u′
1 − x2 1 − u2 APSLĒPTAS funkcijas F ( x, y ) = 0
7. atvasinājums:
( arccos u )′ = −
1
( arccos x )′ = −
1 ⋅ u′ Fx′
1 − x2 1 − u2 y′ = − .
Fy′
( arctg x )′ = ( arctg u )′ =
1 1
⋅ u′
1 + x2 1 + u2 LOGARITMISKĀ atvasināšana
8.
( arcctg u )′ = −
1
( arcctg x )′ = −
1 ⋅ u′
1 + x2 1 + u2 y = f ( x ) g ( x ) : 1) ln y = ln f ( x ) g ( x )

( sh x )′ = ch x ( sh u )′ = ch u ⋅ u′ 2)
1
y′ = ( g ( x ) ⋅ ln f ( x ) )′
9. y
( ch x )′ = sh x ( ch u )′ = sh u ⋅ u′
LOPITĀLA kārtula:
( th x )′ = ( th u )′ =
1 1
⋅ u′
ch 2 x ch 2 u f ( x) ⎛ ⎛ ∞ ⎞ ⎛ 0 ⎞⎞ f ′( x )
10. lim = ⎜ ⎜ ⎟ vai ⎜ ⎟ ⎟ = lim
( cth u )′ = − 2 ⋅ u′ g ′( x )
1 g ( x) ⎝ ⎝ ∞ ⎠ ⎝ 0 ⎠⎠
( cth x )′ = − 2
1 x →a x → a

sh x sh u