ME 202.

ADVANCED MECHANICS OF SOLIDS

MODULE-WISE QUESTIONS (PREVIOUS EXAMS)
MODULE – 1

1. Write down the six compatibility conditions for the strain components of a
three dimensional elasticity problem. (Dec 2015)
2. Given that λ1, λ2 and λ3 are the principal stresses at a point. Write down the
matrix showing the state of stress at this point based on the coordinate system
consisting of unit normals of the principal planes. (Dec 2015)
3. Write the characteristic polynomial of a three dimensional stress tensor in
terms of principal stresses. (Oct 2016)
4. Write the stress tensor at any point on an elastic solid subjected to a uniform
hydro-static pressure of magnitude p. (Dec 2016)
5. The traction at a point on a plane with unit outward normal n^ is ⃗ T . What is its
value for the plane with outward normal −^n ? (Dec 2016)
6. Write down the Cartesian components of small strain tensor. (Dec 2016)
7. What is the physical significance of trace of small strain tensor? (Dec 2016)
8. The stress at a point with x and y coordinates equal to 1 and 2, respectively is

2 0 0

given by
[ ]
0 3 4
0 4 −3 . By considering the plane 4 x +2 y−3 z+1=0 , which
passes through this point, answer the following questions. (Dec
2015)
a. What is the z-coordinate of the given point?
b. Find the resisting force per unit area of an infinitesimal element on this
plane around the point where the given state of stress is defined.
c. Find the magnitude of normal and shear stresses acting on this plane.
d. Find the x, y and z components of tangential (shear) stress on this plane.
e. Find the first, second and third invariants of the state of stress.
f. Write down the characteristic polynomial.
g. What are the sum and product of the three principal stresses?
9. The small strain tensor at a point in the rectangular coordinate system is

5+ x2 + y 2 + x 4 + y 4 5+2 xy ( x 2 + y 2 +2 ) 0

[ A
0
a. What is the expression for A?
2 2 4
6+3 x +3 y + x + y 0
0
4

0 ] (Dec 2015)

b. Is it a possible state of strain? Give the reason for your answer.

c. Taking displacement at the origin as zero, determine the components of
displacement.
d. Determine the volumetric strain.
 e. Find the change in direction of a linear element towards (1,1,1) from the
origin.
10.Given that x-component of the unit normal of a plane is 0.2 and its y-
component is positive. The plane passes through the point (1,2,3) and the
origin. Let the principal stresses acting at the origin be 2, 5 and -5 MPa. Given
that the outward unit normal vectors of the planes subjected to principal
stresses 2 and 5 are along (1,0,0) and (0,2,1) respectively. (Oct 2016)
a. Write down the first, second and third invariants of stress.
b. Find the direction of unit normal of the third principal plane.
c. Find the resisting force per unit area of an infinitesimal element on the
given plane around the origin.
d. Find the magnitude of normal and shear stress acting on this plane.
e. Find the x, y and z components of tangential (shear) stress on this plane.
f. Write down the characteristic polynomial.
11.In figure ∠RPQ = 90° and ∠R’PQ’ = 90°. The normal strain along PQ and PR are
εxx and εyy respectively and the angular deformation at P of the rectangle
formed with PQ and PR as adjacent edges is γxy. Determine the following.
a. The normal strain along the direction PQ’ ?
b. The normal strain along the direction PR’ ?
c. Angular deformation at P of the rectangle formed with PQ’ and PR’ as
adjacent edges. (Oct 2016)
y
R' R 90
Q' P 1000 N


P Q 
P 1000 N
x
Q. 11 Q. 12
2
12.A rod of uniform cross sectional area of 1 m fixed at one end is subjected to an
axial force of 1000 N. For this simple case of loading, resisting force on
different sections is uniform distributed. Compute the traction on two planes,
one making an angle of 90° and the other making an arbitrary angle θ with the
load axis respectively. Also find out the normal and tangential components of
the traction. Plot the Mohr’s circle showing the variation between normal and
tangential components of traction. (Dec 2016)
13.Prove that the shear stress on a plane of maximum value of normal stress is
zero. (Dec 2016)
14.Derive an equation for the normal stress on a plane passing through a point of a
three dimensional elasticity problem in terms of the Cartesian components of
stress at the point. (Dec 2016)
 MODULE – 2

1. The normal stress along x-direction on an elastic solid is given by

∂u ∂u ∂ v ∂ w
σ x =2 μ ( ) (
∂x
+λ + +
∂x ∂ y ∂z )
. Name the constants μ and λ. Also write down
the relationship of these constants with Young’s modulus and Poisson’s ratio.
(Dec 2015)
2. How many material property constants are required to define the stress strain
relations of an isotropic material? Name any four properties used to define the
behavior of a linear elastic solid. (Oct 2016)
3. The strain along x-direction on an elastic solid is given by
ε x =A ( σ x +σ y + σ z ) + Bσ x
. What are the constants A and B? (Oct 2016)
σ =ν ( σ x + σ y )
4. The components of stress at a point are related as z . What is
the value of normal strain along the z-direction of this case? (Dec 2015)
ν
σ x= σ +σ +σ
5. Let the components of stress at a point is related as 1+ ν ( x y z ) .
What is the corresponding value of normal strain along the x-direction? (Oct
2016)
 MODULE – 3

1. A point in an elastic solid displaces in the radial direction by a distance ur.

What are the values of radial strain and tangential strain due to this
displacement? (Oct 2016)
2. What is an axisymmetric problem? (Dec 2016)
3. Write down the equilibrium equations for an axisymmetric elasticity problem.
(Dec 2016)
4. Write down the expanded equation for volumetric strain in polar coordinate
system consisting of derivatives of radial, tangential and axial components of
displacement. (Dec 2015)
5. What is the body force in the problem of elastic deformation of a rotating disc?
Write down an expression for the intensity of this body force. (Dec 2015)
6. Write down the equation for tangential stress as a function of radius of a
pressure vessel subjected to an internal gauge pressure P and external
atmospheric pressure. Take the inner radius and thickness of the pressure
vessel as R and t respectively. (Oct 2016)
7. From the equation of tangential stress of a thick pressure vessel, deduce an
equation for the same for a thin pressure vessel. (Oct 2016)
8. Write the strain-displacement relations in Cylindrical (Polar) coordinate system.
(Dec 2015)
9. What are the unit vectors of polar coordinate system? (Dec 2015)
10.How the unit vectors of polar coordinates can be related to that of Cartesian
coordinate system? (Dec 2015)
11.Write down the equilibrium equations of polar coordinate system. (Dec 2015)
12.Write down the state of stress matrix in polar coordinate system. (Dec 2015)
B
σ rr =A + 2
13.Given the following stress field in a thick-wall elastic cylinder: r ,
B
σ θθ = A−
r2 , τ rθ =τ rz =τ θz =σ zz =0 ; where A and B are constants, (Oct
2016)
a. Verify that the state of stress satisfies the equations of equilibrium in the
absence of body forces.
b. If the surface traction on the inner surface r = ri is a uniform pressure pi and
the outer surface r = ro is free of surface traction, find the values of A and
B.
c. Find the stress vector at cylindrical surface r = ro.
14.Answer the following questions related to a solid disc of radius R and uniform
thickness t, rotating at an angular speed ω, (Dec 2015)
a. Write down the equilibrium equations.
b. Derive the governing partial differential equation for the radial
displacement.
c. Solve the differential equation obtained to obtain the radial displacement.
 d. Obtain the radial and tangential components of stress.
15.A steel shaft 10 cm diameter is shrunk inside a bronze cylinder of 25 cm outer
diameter. The shrink fit allowance is such that the overlap of radii is 0.005 cm.
Take Esteel = 200 GPa, νsteel = 0.3 for steel and Ebronze = 100 GPa, νbronze = 0.34. Find
the following. (Oct 2016)
a. Circumferential stress in the bronze cylinder at the inside radius.
b. Circumferential stress in the bronze cylinder at the outside radius.
c. Radial stress in the shaft.
d. Circumferential stress in the steel shaft.
16.Starting with the equilibrium equations of two dimensional axisymmetric
condition, derive the general differential equation for the radial displacement
of a pressure vessel. Hence obtain a solution for the radial displacement. Also
obtain the equations for radial and circumferential strains. (Dec 2016)
17.Write down the stress strain relations for axisymmetric elasticity problem. (Dec
2016)
18.What are the components of stress in a rotating solid shaft? (Dec 2016)
 MODULE – 4

1. What is flexural rigidity? What is its significance? (Dec 2015)

2. Define moment of inertia denoted as Iyz. (Dec 2015)
3. Write down an equation of strain energy in terms of the stress and strain
tensors. (Dec 2016)
4. What is product moment of inertia? (Dec 2016)
5. What is the neutral axis for the case of transverse bending in the x-y plane by
applied moment about the z-axis for a cross section with Iyz ≠ 0 ? (Dec 2016)
6. What is the strain energy of a spring of stiffness k, subjected to a deflection of
δ? (Oct 2016)
7. A rod of cross sectional area A units and length l is subjected to an axial load F
in two different manner as shown as cases a and b in the following figure.
Determine the strain energy in each case. (Oct 2016)

8. The displacement field of an elastic body is given by

⃗u =( x 2 + y ) ^i+ ( 3+ z ) ^j+ ( x2 +2 y ) k^ . Use the small strain theory to compute the
strain energy per unit volume at the point (2,3,1). Given that G = 80×106 kPa
and E = 207×106 kPa. (Oct 2016)
^ ^ ^
9. The displacement field of an elastic body is given by ⃗u =−yz { i+xz { j¿+xy { k¿¿ . Use
the small strain theory to compute the strain energy per unit volume at the
point (2,3,1). Given that G = 80×106 kPa and E = 207×106 kPa. (Dec 2016)
10.What is unsymmetrical bending? Give examples. (Dec 2015)
11.The symmetric uniform cross section of a beam is parallel to the YOZ plane and
the axis is along z-axis. The cross section of this beam is subjected to a bending
^ ^
moment of magnitude M with the axis along j+ k . Derive expressions for:
a. Angle made by the neutral axis from the positive y-axis.
b. Bending stress. (Dec 2015)
12.What is shear center? Explain its importance. (Dec 2016)
13.What is asymmetric bending? Explain with the help of examples. (Dec 2016)
14.A cantilever beam of rectangular cross section is subjected to a load of 1000 N,
which is inclined at an angle 30° to the vertical as shown. What is the stress
due to bending at the point marked as P in the built-in-end? (Oct 2016)
 MODULE – 5

1. What is complementary energy? Name an energy that has the same value as
that of complementary energy in a linear elastic deformation problem. (Dec
2015)
2. What is torsional rigidity? What is its significance? (Oct 2016)
3. What is the governing equation of warping function for torsion of a prismatic
bar? (Oct 2016)
4. What is a warping function? How it is different from stress function? (Dec 2015)
5. Check whether the function ψ= A ( y 3 −3 x 2 y ) is a valid warping function. (Oct
2016)
6. Check whether the function given by ψ= Axy is a valid warping function.
(Dec 2016)
7. For the spring system shown in the following figure, the ends D and E are fixed.
Axial forces FA and FB act at A and B respectively. The stiffness of the four
springs are k1, k2, k3 and k4. (Oct 2016)
a. Compute the total strain energy of the spring system.
b. By applying of principle of minimum potential energy, compute the
deflections at points A, B and C.

8. State and prove Castigliano’s first theorem. (Dec 2015)

9. A structure has a vertical leg of length l with a semi-circular top of radius r
attached at the tip of the vertical leg. The free end of the structure is pulled
with a force P and is acted upon by a couple of magnitude M as shown in figure.
Find the total strain energy of the structure, deflection and slope at the free
end. (Dec 2015)

Q. 8 Q. 9
10.Three elastic members AD, BD and CD are connected by smooth pins as shown
in figure. All the members have the same cross sectional areas and are of the
 same material. BD is 100 cm long and members AD and CD are each 200 cm
long. What is the deflection of D under load W? (Dec 2015)
11.What is virtual work? (Dec 2015)
12.State the principle of virtual work. (Dec 2015)
13.Describe how principle of minimum potential energy is used for solving
problems in elastic deformation of solids. (Dec 2016)
14.Describe the significance of complementary energy in the case of non-linear
problems. (Dec 2016)
15.Write down the components of stress of a prismatic bar subjected to torsion in
terms of stress function. (Oct 2016)
 MODULE – 6

1. Define shear flow. (Dec 2015)

2. A prismatic bar of uniform cross section with the axis along z-axis is subjected
to a torque. Write all the components if displacement of this problem. Write
the state of stress at a point in matrix form in terms of any possible scalar
function. (Dec 2015)
3. Derive an equation for the torque transmitted by a prismatic bar in terms of
Prandtl stress function. (Dec 2015)
3 2
4. Investigate the warping function ψ= A ( y −3 x y ) . Identify the cross section
of the prismatic bar for which this function is applicable. Derive the expressions
for angle of twist and maximum stress. (Oct 2016)
5. Explain membrane analogy. (Oct 2016)
6. Write down the governing equation of torsion of a bar with stress function as
the dependent variable. (Oct 2016)
a. Simplify this equation for a rectangular bar with very small thickness. State
the assumptions made.
b. Derive the equations for angle of twist, shear stress and maximum shear
stress of a rectangular bar with very small thickness in terms of the torque
transmitted, breadth, thickness, Young’s modulus and Poisson’s ratio.