JOB TITLE: Design of 2 meter wideTimber Walkway Prepared by:______________

Calculation Sheet
Checked by:______________
Details
The walkway is designed for 2 meter wide and 2.5 meters length. The timber decking and joist members are simply supported
on round timber post at each end of the section.

Timber decking: 100 x 50 mm

Timber Joist (double): 150 x 75 mm
Round Timber Post: H4 grade

1.0 Design Load

1.1 Live Load (Q): 5.0 kPa Clause3.4.14 load on footpath and cycle track pg 3-12 Bridge Design Manual
(SP/M/022)
Impact Factor = 1.0 + (I - 1) x 0.7 Clause 4.4.2 Bridge Design Manual (SP/M/022)
;where I = 1.3 Clause 3.2.5 Bridge Design Manual (SP/M/022)
therefore, Impact Factor= 1.21

Live Load with Impact Factor(Q) = 6.05 kPa

3
1.2 Dead Load (G)= 11.27 kN/m for unseasoned hardwood

2.0 Load Combination to AS1170.0

2.1 Strength Limit State: Load combination from AS1170.0 Section 4; Load combination action pg 13
a. 1.35G =
b. 1.2G + 1.5Q =
2.2 Serviceability Limit State: from table 4.1 for floor- others (Distributed Imposed Action, Q)
a. G + ψ sQ = ψs= 1 for short term deflection
b. G + ψ LQ = ψL= 0.6 for Long term deflection

3.0 Timber Decking Design

Load on timber decking
2
Dead Load (G)= 0.5635 kN/m
2
Live Load with Impact Factor(Q) = 6.05 kN/m
3.1 Strength Limit State:
2
a. 1.35G = 0.761 kN/m
2
b. 1.2G + 1.5Q = 9.751 kN/m
3.2 Serviceability Limit State:
2
a. G + ψsQ = 6.6135 kN/m
2
b. G + ψLQ = 4.1935 kN/m
3.3 to be designed for per meter strip by 2 meter wide

1 meter

2 meters

Strength Limit State: Serviceability Limit State:

a. 1.35G = 0.8 kN/m a. G + ψs Q = 6.6 kN/m
b. 1.2G + 1.5Q = 9.8 kN/m b. G + ψLQ = 4.2 kN/m
Calculation Sheet JOB TITLE: Design of 2 meter wideTimber Walkway Prepared by: ____________
Checked by:_______________
simply supported member

clause 5.1.1.2 as per NZS3603 for type 1 timber decking pg 65

3.4 Moment for type 1: simple span timber decking

2
M = wL /8 = clause 5.1.2 UDLs equation 5.1 as per NZS3603 pg 66
Strength Limit State:
a. 0.59 kNm
b. 7.62 kNm
2
3.5 Shear Force: simple span timber decking M = wL /8
Fd = wL/2 = Fd = wL/2 2 Fd = wL/2
Strength Limit State: meter
a. 0.95 kN
b. 12.19 kN

3.6 Check for Bending Strength

M* ≤ Ø Mn ….Eq 3.3
NZS3603 clause 3.2.4- Strength in bending (pg 31)
M n = k 1k 4k 5k 8 fb Z ….Eq 3.4

Ø= 0.8 clause 2.5- strength reduction factor for timber poles and glulam (pg 21)
k1 = 0.6 clause 2.7.1, Table 2.4- Duration of load factor for permanent load (pg22)
k1 = 0.8 clause 2.7.1, Table 2.4- Duration of load factor for medium term load (pg22)
k4 = 1.14 clause 2.9.1- parallel support factor, table 2.7: # of element= 2 (pg25)
k5 = 1+[k4 -1] [1-2s/Lb] ≤ 1 clause 2.9.2- Grid system (pg25)
= 0.916
since k5 ≤ 1.0, therefore take
k5 = 1.0
Lay= 2000.0 mm distance between the joist
2 0.5 0.5
S1= 1.35[Lay/b[(d/b) -1] ] clause 3.2.5.2 slenderness coefficient…eq3.5 (pg33)
100 by 50mm tmber decking is considered
d= 2000 mm b= 50 mm
S1= 54.0
k8 = 0.1 clause 2.11, figure 2.4- stability factor (pg27)

Grade of Timber= F 11 Refer to Know your fijian Timbers

Dakua Makedre - SD 5 Strength Group

Characteristic Stresses for Mechanically Graded Timber (MPa)

Calculation Sheet JOB TITLE: Design of 2 meter wideTimber Walkway Prepared by: ____________
Checked by:_______________
Grade Size Bending (fb) Shear in beam (fs)
F 11 <150 x 50 33.9 4.1
> 150 x 50 30.4 4.1

fb = 33.9 MPa
2 3
Z= bd /6 33333333 mm
Ø Mn long = 61.8 kNm for long term loading (permanent)
Ø Mn med = 82.4 kNm for short term loading
Compare with design load
M*1.35G = 0.6 kNm USL Ratio 104.0 > 1 ok
M*1.2G + 1.5Q = 7.6 kNm USL Ratio 10.8 > 1 ok

3.7 Check for Shear Strength

V* ≤ Ø Vn ….Eq 3.1 NZS3603 clause 3.2.3- Flexural shear strength (pg 30)
Vn = k1k4k5 fs As ….Eq 3.2 NZS3603 clause 3.2.3- Flexural shear strength (pg 31)

Ø,k1 ,k4 ,k5 factors from above

fs = 4.1
2
As = ⅔bd = 66666.6667 mm
Ø Vn long = 149.6 kNm for long term loading (permanent)
Ø Vn med = 199.4 kNm for short term loading
Compare with design load
M*1.35G = 1.0 kNm USL Ratio 157.3 > 1 ok
M*1.2G + 1.5Q = 12.2 kNm USL Ratio 16.4 > 1 ok

3.8 Check for serviceability design limit state

E= 12 GPa Modulus of Elasticity
Elb = 12 GPa Lower Bound Modulus of Elasticity
4 3
I= 20833333.3 mm Inertia, I= bd /12
4
∆G = 4.70 mm ∆=wL /384EI clause 5.1.2 UDLs for type 1 (pg66)

∆Q = 8.13 mm ∆=wL4/384EI clause 5.1.2 UDLs for type 1 (pg66)

k2 = 2 creep factor for solid timber

these is the most likely deflection, however it is possible that these timber members may have a lower stiffness than the
average, from NZS3608 A4 2.4.2.3, b) for 2 components, use:
E=(E+Elb)/2 = 12 GPa

∆G+ψsQ = 2.76 mm < span/500 = 4 mm ok

∆k2(G+ψlQ )= 3.49 mm < span/500 = 4 mm ok
refer to AS/NZS1170.0 Table C1 for suggested serviceability limit, floor and floor supports (pg 25)

4.0 Timber Joist

Calculation Sheet JOB TITLE: Design of 2 meter wideTimber Walkway Prepared by: ____________
Checked by:_______________
Load on timber joist
Dead Load (G)= 0.253575 kN/m Total DL from decking and bearer= 0.817075 kN/m
2
Live Load with Impact Factor(Q) = 6.05 kN/m Line Live Load on bearer: 6.05 kN/m
4.1 Strength Limit State:
2
a. 1.35G = 1.103 kN/m
2
b. 1.2G + 1.5Q = 10.055 kN/m
4.2 Serviceability Limit State:
2
a. G + ψsQ = 6.303575 kN/m
2
b. G + ψLQ = 3.883575 kN/m
4.3 Try double 240x45 MSG8 machine stress graded timber

d d= 150 mm
b= 75 mm
b

Strength Limit State: Serviceability Limit State:

a. 1.35G = 2.2 kN/m a. G + ψs Q = 6.9 kN/m
b. 1.2G + 1.5Q = 20.1 kN/m b. G + ψLQ = 4.4 kN/m
simply supported member

clause 5.1.1.2 as per NZS3603 for type 1 timber decking pg 65

4.4 Moment for type 1: simple span timber joist

2
M = wL /8 = clause 5.1.2 UDLs equation 5.1 as per NZS3603 pg 66
Strength Limit State:
a. 1.72 kNm
b. 15.71 kNm
2
4.5 Shear Force: simple span timber joist M = wL /8
Fd = wL/2 = Fd = wL/2 Fd = wL/2
Strength Limit State:
a. 2.76 kN
b. 25.14 kN

4.6 Check for Bending Strength

M* ≤ ØMn ….Eq 3.3

NZS3603 clause 3.2.4- Strength in bending (pg 31)
M n = k 1k 4k 5k 8 fb Z ….Eq 3.4

Ø= 0.8 clause 2.5- strength reduction factor for timber poles and glulam (pg 21)
Calculation Sheet JOB TITLE: Design of 2 meter wideTimber Walkway Prepared by: ____________
Checked by:_______________
k1 = 0.6 clause 2.7.1, Table 2.4- Duration of load factor for permanent load (pg22)
k1 = 0.8 clause 2.7.1, Table 2.4- Duration of load factor for medium term load (pg22)
k4 = 1.14 clause 2.9.1- parallel support factor, table 2.7: # of element= 2 (pg25)
k5 = 1+[k4 -1] [1-2s/Lb] ≤ 1 clause 2.9.2- Grid system (pg25)
= 0.916
since k5 ≤ 1.0, therefore take
k5 = 1.0
Lay= 2500.0 mm distance between the joist
2 0.5 0.5
S1= 1.35[Lay/b[(d/b) -1] ] clause 3.2.5.2 slenderness coefficient…eq3.5 (pg33)
100 by 50mm tmber decking is considered
d= 150 mm b= 75 mm
S1= 0.0
k8 = 0.7 clause 2.11, figure 2.4- stability factor (pg27)

Grade of Timber= F 11 Refer to Know your fijian Timbers

Dakua Makedre - SD 5 Strength Group

Characteristic Stresses for Mechanically Graded Timber (MPa)

Grade Size Bending (fb) Shear in beam (fs)

F 11 <150 x 50 33.9 4.1
> 150 x 50 30.4 4.1

fb = 30.4 MPa
2 3
Z= bd /6 1125000 mm
Ø Mn long = 13.1 kNm for long term loading (permanent)
Ø Mn med = 17.5 kNm for short term loading
Compare with design load
M*1.35G = 1.7 kNm USL Ratio 7.6 > 1 ok
M*1.2G + 1.5Q = 15.7 kNm USL Ratio 1.1 > 1 ok

4.7 Check for Shear Strength

V* ≤ Ø Vn ….Eq 3.1 NZS3603 clause 3.2.3- Flexural shear strength (pg 30)
Vn = k1k4k5 fs As ….Eq 3.2 NZS3603 clause 3.2.3- Flexural shear strength (pg 31)

Ø,k1 ,k4 ,k5 factors from above

fs = 4.1
2
As = ⅔bd = 15000 mm
Ø Vn long = 33.7 kNm for long term loading (permanent)
Ø Vn med = 44.9 kNm for short term loading
Calculation Sheet JOB TITLE: Design of 2 meter wideTimber Walkway Prepared by: ____________
Checked by:_______________
Compare with design load
M*1.35G = 2.8 kNm USL Ratio 12.2 > 1 ok
M*1.2G + 1.5Q = 25.1 kNm USL Ratio 1.8 > 1 ok

4.7 Check for Bearing Strength

assume bearing on 100mm wide decking
Vb* ≤ Ø Nnb ….Eq 3.10 NZS3603 clause 3.2.9- Flexural shear strength (pg 35)
Nnb = k1k3fp Ap ….Eq 3.11 NZS3603 clause 3.2.9- Flexural shear strength (pg 35)

Ø= 0.8 clause 2.5- strength reduction factor for timber poles and glulam (pg 21)
k1 = 0.6 clause 2.7.1, Table 2.4- Duration of load factor for permanent load (pg22)
k1 = 0.8
k3 = 1.06 clause 2.8- Bearing area factor for 100mm bearing area (pg23)
fp = 8.9 MPa Information sheet; structural materials- table 2, http://www.nzwood.co.nz
2
Ap = 15000 mm bearing area [(75+75) x 100 x 2]
ØNnbp long = 67.92 kN
ØNnbp med = 90.57 kN

Compare with design load

N*1.35G = 2.8 kNm USL Ratio 24.6 > 1 ok
N*1.2G + 1.5Q = 25.1 kNm USL Ratio 3.6 > 1 ok

4.9 Check for serviceability design limit state

E= 12 GPa Modulus of Elasticity
Elb = 12 GPa Lower Bound Modulus of Elasticity
4 3
I= 42187500 mm Inertia, I= bd /12
∆G = 5.66 mm ∆=wL4/384EI clause 5.1.2 UDLs for type 1 (pg66)

∆Q = 6.1 mm ∆=wL4/384EI clause 5.1.2 UDLs for type 1 (pg66)

k2 = 2 creep factor for solid timber

these is the most likely deflection, however it is possible that these timber members may have a lower stiffness than the
average, from NZS3608 A4 2.4.2.3, b) for 2 components, use:
E=(E+Elb)/2 = 12 GPa

∆G+ψsQ = 3.45 mm < span/500 = 5 mm ok

∆k2(G+ψlQ )= 4.47 mm < span/500 = 5 mm ok
refer to AS/NZS1170.0 Table C1 for suggested serviceability limit, floor and floor supports (pg 25)