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Frieze Pattern

The document describes different types of frieze patterns and wallpaper patterns. It defines frieze patterns as infinitely repeating strip patterns with certain symmetries, listing 7 types. Wallpaper patterns repeat identically when shifted in any direction, forming 17 possible symmetry groups that are indexed by their symmetries. These 17 wallpaper groups are then each briefly described in terms of their defining symmetries of reflection, glide reflection, and rotation.

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Francis Rosales
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110 views

Frieze Pattern

The document describes different types of frieze patterns and wallpaper patterns. It defines frieze patterns as infinitely repeating strip patterns with certain symmetries, listing 7 types. Wallpaper patterns repeat identically when shifted in any direction, forming 17 possible symmetry groups that are indexed by their symmetries. These 17 wallpaper groups are then each briefly described in terms of their defining symmetries of reflection, glide reflection, and rotation.

Uploaded by

Francis Rosales
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Frieze Pattern

 This pattern is an infinitely long strip imprinted with a design given by a repeating pattern motif

7 types of Frieze Patterns

 T – A frieze pattern that only has the translation symmetry


 TV – A frieze pattern that has only the translation and vertical line reflection
 TG - A frieze pattern that has only the translation and glide reflection
 TR - A frieze pattern that has only the translation and rotation
 THG - A frieze pattern that has only the translation, horizontal symmetry and glide reflection
 TVRG - A frieze pattern that has only the translation, vertical symmetry, rotation and glide
reflection
 TVRHG - A frieze pattern that has only the translation, vertical, horizontal symmetry, rotation
and glide reflection

Wallpaper Patterns

 A pattern that can be shifted in any direction and land on an exact copy of itself is called a
wallpaper pattern.
 They are patterns that have infinitely many translational symmetries.
 Mathematically, we index our designs by their symmetries: two patterns are equal if they have
the same symmetries, even if they look different.
 With this indexing, there are only 17 possible patterns.

17 Wallpaper Groups

p1

 The simplest symmetry group


 It consists only of translation
 Its base tile and lattice are any parallelogram
 There are neither reflections, glide-reflections, nor rotations.

p2

 It contains 180° rotations, that is rotations of order 2, also called half-turns.

p3

 This is the first group that contains reflections.


 The axes of reflection are parallel to one axis of translation and perpendicular to the other axis
of translation.
 There are no rotations or glide reflections

p4

 This is the first group that contains a glide reflection with parallel axes.
 No rotations and no reflections present in this group
cm

 This group contains reflections and glide reflections with parallel axes and translations
 No rotations for this group

pmm

 This group contains reflections whose axes are perpendicular


 The rotations are half-turns, meaning 180° rotation.
 There is no glide reflections in this group

pmg

 This group has reflections and glide reflections, as well as translations

pgg

 This group contains glide reflections, half-turns rotations, and translations

cmm

 This group contains reflections and 180° rotations.

p4

 This group contains 90 degrees rotations and translations

p4m

 This group contains rotations, translations, and reflections


 The rotation centers lie on the reflection axes.
 There are also glide reflection in this group
 It contains 90 degree turns, half turns, and reflection axes at 45-degree angles.

p4g

 This group contains reflections, glide reflections, and rotations.


 The axes of reflection are perpendicular at 90- and 180-degree angles.

p3

 This group contains rotations and translations


 The rotation centers are found at the vertices and centers of the triangles, and are 120-degree
rotations.

p31m

 This group contains reflections, rotations, and glide reflections


 The reflections are at 60-degree incline to each other and the rotations are 120-degree turns.
p3m1

 This group is similar to p31m


 The difference is that all of the centers of rotation lie on reflection axes.

p6

 This group contains rotations and translations.


 The rotations are at 60 degrees, 180 degrees, and half turns.
 There are no reflections in this group

p6m

 This most complicated group has rotations of order 2,3 and 6 as well as reflections
 The axes of reflection meet at all centers of rotation

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